Search

Your search keyword '"Yogev R"' showing total 478 results
Start Over Author "Yogev R"
478 results on '"Yogev R"'

1. Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Among Women Who Conceive on Antiretroviral Therapy

Author

Hoffman, Risa M, Brummel, Sean S, Britto, Paula, Pilotto, Jose H, Masheto, Gaerolwe, Aurpibul, Linda, Joao, Esau, Purswani, Murli U, Buschur, Shelley, Pierre, Marie Flore, Coletti, Anne, Chakhtoura, Nahida, Klingman, Karin L, Currier, Judith S, Losso, M, Machado, E, de Menezes, J, Duarte, G, Sperhacke, R, Pinto, J, Kreitchman, R, Santos, B, Wei, L, Pape, JW, Sanchez, J, Sandoval, E, Chokephaibulkit, K, Achalapong, J, Halue, G, Yuthavisuthi, P, Prommas, S, Bowonwatanuwong, C, Sirisanthana, V, Riddler, S, Kumar, P, Shearer, W, Yogev, R, Scott, G, Spector, S, Cunningham, C, Bamji, M, Cooper, E, Wiznia, A, Hitti, J, Emmanuel, P, Scott, R, Acevedo, M, Nachman, S, Jones, T, Rana, S, Keller, M, Stek, A, Rathore, M, McFarland, E, Puga, A, Agwu, A, Chen, T, Van Dyke, R, Deville, J, Purswani, M, Tebas, P, Flynn, P, and Fischl, M

Subjects
Reproductive Medicine, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Contraception/Reproduction, Infectious Diseases, Reproductive health and childbirth, Abortion, Spontaneous, Adult, Anti-Retroviral Agents, Female, HIV Infections, Humans, Pregnancy, Stillbirth, Young Adult, HIV/AIDS, antiretroviral therapy, pregnancy, conception, pregnancy outcomes, PROMISE (Promoting Maternal and Infant Safety Everywhere) 1077HS Team, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Microbiology, Clinical sciences
Abstract

BackgroundAdverse pregnancy outcomes for women who conceive on antiretroviral therapy (ART) may be increased, but data are conflicting.MethodsHuman immunodeficiency virus-infected, nonbreastfeeding women with pre-ART CD4 counts ≥400 cells/μL who started ART during pregnancy were randomized after delivery to continue ART (CTART) or discontinue ART (DCART). Women randomized to DCART were recommended to restart if a subsequent pregnancy occurred or for clinical indications. Using both intent-to-treat and as-treated approaches, we performed Fisher exact tests to compare subsequent pregnancy outcomes by randomized arm.ResultsSubsequent pregnancies occurred in 277 of 1652 (17%) women (CTART: 144/827; DCART: 133/825). A pregnancy outcome was recorded for 266 (96%) women with a median age of 27 years (interquartile range [IQR], 24-31 years) and median CD4+ T-cell count 638 cells/μL (IQR, 492-833 cells/μL). When spontaneous abortions and stillbirths were combined, there was a significant difference in events, with 33 of 140 (23.6%) in the CTART arm and 15 of 126 (11.9%) in the DCART arm (relative risk [RR], 2.0 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.1-3.5]; P = .02). In the as-treated analysis, the RR was reduced and no longer statistically significant (RR, 1.4 [95% CI, .8-2.4]).ConclusionsWomen randomized to continue ART who subsequently conceived were more likely to have spontaneous abortion or stillbirth, compared with women randomized to stop ART; however, the findings did not remain significant in the as-treated analysis. More data are needed on pregnancy outcomes among women conceiving on ART, particularly with newer regimens.

Published
2019

3. Inhibition of Rothia Species by Over-the-Counter Products and Bacterial Antagonists

Author

Vorachek A, Jantra L, Awan A, Yogev R, Cannon L Mark, Le C, Kabat B, and White K

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, 03 medical and health sciences, Rothia species, 030104 developmental biology, 030106 microbiology, nutritional and metabolic diseases, Biology, Microbiology
Abstract

The interaction between the human host micro biome and over the counter products has recently been investigated, with surprising results. Some over the counter items may negatively affect the health of the host, supporting the concept of the “hygiene hypothesis”, that is, that disease may be actually caused by the lack of beneficial commensal bacteria. Recent reports on the gluten metabolizing genus, Rothia, and a possible association with Celiac Disease beg the question, what happened to the Rothia? In this study inhibitory factors, such as, Over The Counter oral hygiene products and antagonistic bacteria were investigated and, in vitro, significantly inhibited the gluten metabolizing bacteria, possibly affecting human digestion and contributing to gluten sensitivity.

Published
2020

4. Oral Ganciclovir in Children: Pharmacokinetics, Safety, Tolerance, and Antiviral Effects

Author

Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group, Frenkel, L. M., Capparelli, E. V., Dankner, W. M., Smith, I. L., Ballow, A., Culnane, M., Read, J. S., Thompson, M., Mohan, K. M., Shaver, A., Robinson, C. A., Stempien, M. J., Burchett, S. K., Melvin, A. J., Borkowsky, W., Petru, A., Kovacs, A., Yogev, R., Goldsmith, J., McFarland, E. J., and Spector, S. A.

Published
2000

10. Pharmacokinetics of Rilpivirine in HIV-Infected Pregnant Women

Author

Tran, AH, Best, BM, Stek, A, Wang, J, Capparelli, EV, Burchett, SK, Kreitchmann, R, Rungruengthanakit, K, George, K, Cressey, TR, Chakhtoura, N, Smith, E, Shapiro, DE, Mirochnick, M, Buschur, S, Jackson, C, Paul, M, McGregor, D, Yogev, R, Kalra, R, Florez, C, Bryan, P, Stone, M, Hull, AD, Caffery, M, Spector, SA, Wilson, J, Giner, J, Donnelly, MA, Cooper, ER, McLaud, DA, Tucker, LF, Hitti, J, Robson-Nuss, A, Melvin, AJ, Keller, MA, Bolaris, MA, Hayes, J, Kamer, F, Spencer, LS, Homans, J, Metz, T, Wallace, J, Katai, A, Aziz, M, McNichols, M, Schmidt, J, Wara, D, Maka, K, Cohan, D, Deveikis, A, Batra, J, Alvarez, JJ, Carter, M, Deville, J, Janzen, C, Gutierrez, J, Cavallo, M, Purswani, M, Knapp, KM, Sublette, N, and Wride, T

Abstract

© Copyright 2016 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. Background: Rilpivirine pharmacokinetics is defined by its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. Pregnancy can affect these factors by changes in cardiac output, protein binding, volume of distribution, and cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 activity. Rilpivirine is metabolized by CYP3A4. The impact of pregnancy on rilpivirine pharmacokinetics is largely unknown. Methods: International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials P1026s is a multicenter, nonblinded, prospective study evaluating antiretroviral pharmacokinetics in HIV-infected pregnant women that included a cohort receiving rilpivirine 25 mg once daily as part of their combination antiretrovirals for clinical care. Thirty-two women were enrolled in this study. Intensive pharmacokinetic sampling was performed at steady state during the second trimester, the third trimester, and postpartum. Maternal and umbilical cord blood samples were obtained at delivery. Plasma rilpivirine concentration was measured using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; lower limit of quantitation was 10 ng/mL. Results: Median (range) AUC0-24 were 1969 (867-4987, n 15), 1669 (556-4312, n 28), and 2387 (188-6736, n 28) ng·h/mL in the second trimester, the third trimester, and postpartum, respectively (P < 0.05 for either trimester vs postpartum). Median (range) C24 were 63 (37-225, n 17), 56 (

Published
2016

11. Effect of vitamin A therapy on serologic responses and viral load changes after influenza vaccination in children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus

Author

Hanekom, WA, Yogev, R, and Heald, LM

Subjects
HIV infection in children -- Diet therapy, Vitamin A -- Health aspects, Health, Diet therapy, Health aspects
Abstract

Vitamin A administered to children infected with the human immunodeficiency virus before influenza vaccination in a double-blind randomized study did not enhance vaccine serologic responses but did dampen the increase [...]

Published
2001

12. Using CD4 percentage and age to optimize pediatric antiretroviral therapy initiation

Author

Yin, D.E., Warshaw, M.G., Miller, W.C., Castro, H., Fiscus, S.A., Harper, L.M., Harrison, L.J., Klein, N.J., Lewis, J., Melvin, A.J., Tudor Williams, G., Mckinney, R.E., Brouwers, P., Costello, D., Ferguson, E., Fiscus, S., Hodge, J., Hughes, M., Jennings, C., Melvin, A., Mckinney, R., Mofenson, L., Warshaw, M., Smith, M., Spector, S., Stiehm, E., Toye, M., Yogev, R., Babiker, A., Compagnucci, A., De Rossi, A., Giaquinto, C., Darbyshire, J., Debré, M., Gibb, D., Harper, L., Harrison, L., Klein, N., Pillay, D., Saidi, Y., Walker, A., Brody, B., Hill, C., Lepage, P., Modlin, J., Poziak, A., Rein, M., Robb, M., Fleming, T., Vella, S., Kim, K., Bologna, R., Mecikovsky, D., Pineda, N., Sen, L., Mangano, A., Marino, S., Galvez, C., Deluchi, G., Zöhrer, B., Zenz, W., Daghofer, E., Pfurtscheller, K., Pabst, B., Gomez, M., Mcneil, P., Jervis, M., Whyms, I., Kwolfe, D., Scott, S., Mussi Pinhata MM, Issac, M., Cervi, M., Negrini, B., Matsubara, T., de Souza CB, Gabaldi, J., Oliveira, R., Sapia, M., Abreu, T., Evangelista, L., Pala, A., Fernandes, I., Farias, I., Melo M, D.F., Carreira, H., Lira, L., Della Negra, M., Queiroz, W., Lian, Y., Pacola, D., Pinto, J., Ferreira, F., Kakehasi, F., Martins, L., Diniz, A., Lobato, V., Diniz, M., Cleto, S., Costa, S., Romeiro, J., Dollfus, C., Tabone, M., Courcoux, M., Vaudre, G., Dehée, A., Schnuriger, A., Le Gueyades, N., De Bortoli, C., Méchinaud, F., Reliquet, V., Arias, J., Rodallec, A., André, E., Falconi, I., Le Pelletier, A., Monpoux, F., Cottalorda, J., Mellul, S., Lachassinne, E., Galimand, J., Rouzioux, C., Chaix, M., Benabadji, Z., Pourrat, M., Firtion, G., Rivaux, D., Denon, M., Boudjoudi, N., Nganzali, F., Krivine, A., Méritet, J., Delommois, G., Norgeux, C., Guérin, C., Floch, C., Marty, L., Hichou, H., Tournier, V., Faye, A., Le Moal, I., Sellier, M., Dehache, L., Damond, F., Leleu, J., Beniken, D., Alexandre Castor, G., Neubert, J., Niehues, T., Laws, H., Huck, K., Gudowius, S., Siepermann, K., Loeffler, H., Bellert, S., Ortwin, A., Notheis, G., Wintergerst, U., Hoffman, F., Werthmann, A., Seyboldt, S., Schneider, L., Bucholz, B., Feiterna Sperling, C., Peiser, C., Nickel, R., Schmitz, T., Piening, T., Müller, C., Warncke, G., Wigger, M., Neubauer, R., Butler, K., Chong, A., Boulger, T., Menon, A., O'Connell, M., Barrett, L., Rochford, A., Goode, M., Hayes, E., Mcdonagh, S., Walsh, A., Doyle, A., Fanning, J., O'Connor, M., Byrne, M., O'Sullivan, N., Hyland, E., Giacomet, V., Viganò, A., Colombo, I., Trabattoni, D., Berzi, A., Badolato, R., Schumacher, F., Bennato, V., Brusati, M., Sorlini, A., Spinelli, E., Filisetti, M., Bertulli, C., Rampon, O., Zanchetta, M., Mazza, A., Stringari, G., Rossetti, G., Bernardi, S., Martino, A., Castelli Gattinara, G., Palma, P., Pontrelli, G., Tchidjou, H., Furcas, A., Frillici, C., Mazzei, A., Zoccano, A., Concato, C., Duiculescu, D., Oprea, C., Tardei, G., Abaab, F., Mardarescu, M., Draghicenoiu, R., Otelea, D., Alecsandru, L., Matusa, R., Rugina, S., Ilie, M., Netescu, S., Florea, C., Voicu, E., Poalelungi, D., Belmega, C., Vladau, L., Chiriac, A., Ramos Amador JT, Gonzalez Tomé MI, Rojo Conejo, P., Fernandez, M., Delgado Garcia, R., Ferrari, J., Garcia Lopez, M., Mellado Peña MJ, Martin Fontelos, P., Jimenez Nacher, I., Muñoz Fernandez MA, Jimenez, J., García Torre, A., Penin, M., Pineiro Perez, R., Garcia Mellado, I., Finn, A., Lajeunesse, M., Hutchison, E., Usher, J., Ball, L., Dunn, M., Sharland, M., Doerholt, K., Storey, S., Donaghy, S., Chakraborty, R., Wells, C., Buckberry, K., Rice, P., Mcmaster, P., Butler, P., O'Connell C, R., Shenton, J., Haley, H., Orendi, J., Stroobant, J., Navarante, L., Archer, P., Mazhude, C., Scott, D., O'Connell, R., Wong, J., Boddy, G., Shackley, F., Lakshman, R., Hobbs, J., Ball, G., Kudesia, G., Bane, J., Painter, D., Sloper, K., Shah, V., Cheng, A., Aali, A., Ball, C., Hawkins, S., Nayagam, D., Waters, A., Doshi, S., Liebeschuetz, S., Sodiende, B., Shingadia, D., Wong, S., Swan, J., Shah, Z., Collinson, A., Hayes, C., King, J., O'Connor, K., Lyall, H., Fidler, K., Walters, S., Foster, C., Hamadache, D., Newbould, C., Monrose, C., Campbell, S., Yeung, S., Cohen, J., Martinez Allier, N., Melvin, D., Dodge, J., Welch, S., Tatum, G., Gordon, A., Kaye, S., Muir, D., Patel, D., Novelli, V., Moshal, K., Lambert, J., Flynn, J., Farrelly, L., Clapson, M., Spencer, L., Depala, M., Jacobsen, M., Segal, S., Pollard, A., Kelly, D., Yeadon, S., Ohene Kena, B., Peng, Y., Dong, T., Jeffries, K., Snelling, M., Smyth, A., Smith, J., Ward, B., Jungmann, E., Ryan, C., Swaby, K., Buckton, A., Smit, E., Abrams, E., Champion, S., Fernandez, A., Calo, D., Garrovillo, L., Swaminathan, K., Alford, T., Frere, M., Navarra, J., Borkowsky, W., Deygoo, S., Hastings, T., Akleh, S., Ilmet, T., Mohan, K., Bowen, G., Emmanuel, P., Lujan Zimmerman, J., Rodriguez, C., Johnson, S., Marion, A., Graisbery, C., Casey, D., Lewis, G., Guzman Cottrill, J., Croteau, R., Acevedo Flores, M., Gonzalez, M., Angeli, L., Fabregas, L., Valentin, P., Weiner, L., Contello, K., Holz, W., Butler, M., Nachman, S., Kelly, M., Ferraro, D., Rana, S., Reed, C., Yeagley, E., Malheiro, A., Roa, J., Neely, M., Kovacs, A., Homans, J., Rodriguez Lozano, Y., Puga, A., Talero, G., Sellers, R., Lawrence, R., Weinberg, G., Murante, B., Laverty, S., Deveikis, A., Batra, J., Chen, T., Michalik, D., Deville, J., Elkins, K., Marks, S., Jackson Alvarez, J., Palm, J., Fineanganofo, I., Keuth, M., Deveikis, L., Tomosada, W., Van Dyke, R., Alchediak, T., Silio, M., Borne, C., Bradford, S., Eloby Childress, S., Nguyen, K., Rathore, M., Alvarez, A., Mirza, A., Mahmoudi, S., Burke, M., Febo, I., Lugo, L., Santos, R., Church, J., Dunaway, T., Rodier, C., Flynn, P., Patel, N., Discenza, S., Donohoe, M., Luzuriaga, K., Picard, D., Kline, M., Paul, M., Shearer, W., Mcmullen, C., Chadwick, E., Cagwin, E., Kabat, K., Dieudonne, A., Palumbo, P., Johnson, J., Gaur, S., Cerracchio, L., Foca, M., Jurgrau, A., Vasquez Bonilla, S., Silva, G., Gershon, A., Sullivan, J., Bryson, Y., Frenkel, L., Nelson, J., Aboulker, J., Hadjou, G., Léonardo, S., Riault, Y., Saïdi, Y., Buck, L., Forcat, S., Horton, J., Johnson, D., Moore, S., Taylor, C., Collins, D., Buskirk, S., Kamara, P., Nesel, C., Johnson, M., Ferreira, A., Tutko, J., Sprenger, H., Britto, P., Powell, C., Dersimonian, R., Handelsman, E., Ananworanich, J., Belfrage, E., Blanche, S., Bohlin, A., Burger, D., Clayden, P., De Groot, R., Di Biagio, A., Grosch Wörner, I., Hainault, M., Lallemant, M., Levy, J., Marczynska, M., Mellado Pena MJ, Nadal, D., Naver, L., Peckham, C., Popieska, J., Rosado, L., Rosso, R., Rudin, C., Scherpbier, H., Stevanovic, M., Thorne, C., Tovo, P., Valerius, N., Poole, C., Cole, S., and Mcculloh, R.J.

Subjects
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Male, medicine.medical_treatment, HIV (FISIOLOGIA), lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 4], Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV Infections, medicine.disease_cause, Treatment failure, Settore BIO/13 - Biologia Applicata, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, immunologic, Child, HIV, child, reconstitution, treatment failure, Adolescent, Anti-HIV Agents, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Child, Preschool, Female, Follow-Up Studies, HIV-1, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Follow up studies, Immunosuppression, medicine.medical_specialty, Settore MED/17 - Malattie Infettive, Antiretroviral Therapy, World health, Article, Internal medicine, medicine, Highly Active, Preschool, Settore MED/04 - Patologia Generale, business.industry, Disease progression, Settore MED/46 - Scienze Tecniche di Medicina di Laboratorio, Newborn, Antiretroviral therapy, Confidence interval, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Health Sciences [Radboudumc 4], Immunologic, Reconstitution, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Immunology, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Quantifying pediatric immunologic recovery by highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) initiation at different CD4 percentage (CD4%) and age thresholds may inform decisions about timing of treatment initiation. METHODS: HIV-1-infected, HAART-naive children in Europe and the Americas were followed from 2002 through 2009 in PENPACT-1. Data from 162 vertically infected children, with at least World Health Organization “mild” immunosuppression and CD4% RESULTS: Seventy-two percent of baseline immunosuppressed children recovered to normal within 4 years. Compared with “severe” immunosuppression, more children with “mild” immunosuppression (difference 36%, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 22% to 49%) or “advanced” immunosuppression (difference 20.8%, 95% CI: 5.8% to 35.9%) recovered a normal CD4%. For each 5-year increase in baseline age, the proportion of children achieving a normal CD4% declined by 19% (95% CI: 11% to 27%). Combining baseline CD4% and age effects resulted in >90% recovery when initiating HAART with “mild” immunosuppression at any age or “advanced” immunosuppression at age CONCLUSIONS: Initiating HAART at higher CD4% and younger ages maximizes potential for immunologic recovery. Guidelines should weigh immunologic benefits against long-term risks.

Published
2014

13. Use of Opportunistic Clinical Data and a Population Pharmacokinetic Model to Support Dosing of Clindamycin for Premature Infants to Adolescents

Author

Poindexter, B. B., Melloni, C., Cohen-Wolkowiez, M., Lewis, K. C., Mendley, S. R., Gonzalez, D., Sullivan, J. E., Lewandowski, A., Benjamin, D. K., Watt, K. M., Autmizguine, J., Delmore, P., Yogev, R., Harper, B., and Capparelli, E. V.

Abstract

Clindamycin is commonly prescribed to treat children with skin and skin structure infections (including those caused by community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [CA-MRSA]), yet little is known about the pharmacokinetics (PK) across pediatric age groups. A population PK analysis was performed in NONMEM using samples collected in an opportunistic study from children receiving intravenous clindamycin per standard of care. The final model was used to optimize pediatric dosing to match adult exposure proven effective against CA-MRSA. A total of 194 plasma PK samples collected from 125 children were included in the analysis. Median age (range) was 3.3 years (0–20). Median dosing was 9.9 mg/kg/dose (3.8–15.1). A 1-compartment model described the data well. The final model included body weight and a sigmoidal maturation relationship between postmenstrual age (PMA) and clearance (CL): CL (L/h)=13.7*(weight/70)0.75*(PMA3.1/(43.63.1+PMA3.1)); V (L)=61.8*(weight/70). Maturation reached 50% adult CL values at ~44 weeks PMA. Our findings support age-based dosing.

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Disclosing the Diagnosis of HIV in Pediatrics

Author

Flanagan-Klygis, E., Ross, L. F., Lantos, J., Joel Frader, and Yogev, R.

Subjects
Chicago, Physician-Patient Relations, Adolescent, Attitude of Health Personnel, Communication, HIV Infections, General Medicine, Hospitals, Pediatric, Truth Disclosure, Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical, Ethics, Clinical, Professional-Family Relations, Child, Preschool, Health Care Surveys, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, Ethics, Medical, Parent-Child Relations, Child, Attitude to Health
Published
2001

17. Nucleoside analogs plus ritonavir in stable antiretroviral therapy-experienced HIV-infected children - A randomized controlled trial

Author

Nachman, SA, Stanley, K, Yogev, R, Pelton, S, Wiznia, A, Lee, S, Mofenson, L, Fiscus, S, Rathore, M, Jimenez, E, Borkowsky, W, Pitt, J, Smith, ME, Wells, B, McIntosh, K, and University of Groningen

Subjects
VIRUS TYPE-1 RNA, IMMUNODEFICIENCY, PLASMA, ZIDOVUDINE, PROGRAM, DIDANOSINE
Abstract

Context Although protease inhibitors are used routinely in adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the role of these drugs in the treatment of clinically stable HIV-infected children is not clear. Objective To evaluate the safety, tolerance, and virologic response produced by a change in antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected children who were clinically and immunologically stable while receiving previous therapy. Design The Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group 338, a multicenter, phase 2, randomized, open-label controlled trial conducted from February 6 to April 30, 1997 (patient entry period); patients were followed up for 48 weeks. Setting Pediatric HIV research clinics in the United States and Puerto Rico. Patients Two hundred ninety-seven antiretroviral-experienced, protease inhibitor-naive, clinically stable HIV-infected children aged 2 to 17 years. Interventions Children were randomized to receive zidovudine, 160 mg/m(2) 3 times per day, plus lamivudine, 4 mg/kg 2 times per day (n = 100); the same regimen plus ritonavir, 350 mg/m(2) 2 times per day (n = 100); or ritonavir, 350 mg/m(2) 2 times per day, and stavudine, 4 mg/kg 2 times per day (n = 97). Main Outcome Measure Plasma HIV-1 RNA levels at study weeks 12 and 48, compared among the 3 treatment groups. Results At study week 12, 12% of patients in the zidovudine-lamivudine group had undetectable plasma HIV RNA levels ( Conclusions In our study, change in antiretroviral therapy to a ritonavir-containing regimen was associated with superior virologic response at study week 12 compared with change to a dual nucleoside analog regimen. More children receiving ritonavir in combination with 2 compared with 1 nucleoside analog had undetectable HIV RNA levels at study week 48.

Published
2000

20. BIRTH-ORDER, DELIVERY ROUTE, AND CONCORDANCE IN THE TRANSMISSION OF HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1 FROM MOTHERS TO TWINS

Author

DULIEGE, AM, AMOS, CI, FELTON, S, BIGGAR, RJ, ZIEGLER, J, CRUIKSHANK, M, LEVY, J, MEATES, MA, GIBB, D, MAYAUX, MJ, TEGLAS, JP, LAURENT, C, BLANCHE, S, ROUZIOUX, C, HELLINGGIESE, G, MATTNER, U, HOEGER, PH, CONLON, T, GRIFFIN, E, DEMARIA, A, BENEDETTO, A, PRINCIPI, N, GIAQUINTO, C, GIANCOMELLI, A, MOK, J, CASABONA, J, FORTUNY, C, URIZ, S, PEREZ, JM, TUSETRUIZ, MC, LEON, P, ELORZA, JFY, CANOSA, C, BRANDLE, B, SEGER, R, NADAL, D, IRION, O, WYLER, CA, DAVIS, P, LALLEMANT, M, LALLEMANTLECOEUR, S, HITIMANA, DG, LEPAGE, P, VANDEPERRE, P, DABIS, F, MARUM, L, NDUGWA, C, TINDYEBWA, D, ACENG, E, MMIRO, F, SUTONGAS, T, OLNESS, K, LAPOINTE, N, RUBINSTEIN, A, BURGE, D, STECHENBERG, BW, COOPER, E, REGAN, AM, SHIPKOWITZ, S, WIZNIA, A, BRUNELL, PA, COURVILLE, T, RUTSTEIN, R, MCINTOSH, K, PETRU, A, OLEARY, M, CHURCH, J, TAYLOR, S, SQUIRES, J, MALLORY, M, YOGEV, R, RAKUSAN, T, PLUMLEY, S, SHELTON, MM, WILFERT, C, LANE, B, ABRAMS, EJ, RANA, S, CHANDAVASU, O, PUVABANDITSIN, S, CHOW, JH, SHAH, K, NACHMAN, S, ONEILL, R, SELWYN, P, SHOENBAUM, E, BARZILAI, A, WARFORD, R, AHERN, L, PAHWA, S, PNUGOTI, N, GARCIATRIAS, DE, BAKSHI, S, LANDESMAN, S, MENDEZ, H, MOROSO, G, MENDEZBAUTISTA, RD, FIKRIG, S, BELMAN, A, KLINE, MW, HANSON, C, EDELSON, P, HINDS, G, VANDYKE, R, CLARK, R, WARA, DW, MANIO, EB, JOHNSON, G, WELLS, L, JOHNSON, JP, ALGER, L, LUZURIAGA, K, MASTRUCCI, T, SUNKUTU, MR, RODRIGUEZ, Z, DOYLE, M, REUBEN, J, BRYSON, Y, DILLON, M, SIMPSON, BJ, ANDIMAN, W, URIBE, P, Klauke, B., and University of Groningen

Subjects
RISK, HIV-1 INFECTION, ANTIBODIES, WOMEN, INFANTS, CHILDREN, POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION, DIAGNOSIS, LABOR, SECRETIONS
Abstract

Background: We evaluated data from prospectively identified twins to understand better the mechanisms and covariates of mother-to-infant transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Methods: Using data obtained from an international collaboration and multivariate quasilikelihood modeling, we assessed concordance, birth order, route of delivery, and other factors for HIV infection in 115 prospectively studied twin pairs born to HIV-infected women. Actuarial methods were used to evaluate overall survival and survival free of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome for HIV-infected twins. Results: Infection with HIV occurred in 35% of vaginally delivered firstborn (A) twins, 16% of cesarean-delivered A twins, 15% of vaginally delivered second-born (B) twins, and 8% of cesarean-delivered B twins. In a multivariate model, the adjusted odds ratios for HIV infection were 11.8 (confidence interval: 3.1 to 45.3) for concordance of infection with the co-twin, 2.8 (confidence interval: 1.6 to 5.0) for A versus B twins, and 2.7 (confidence interval: 1.1 to 6.6) for vaginally delivered versus cesarean-delivered twins. Among A twins, 52% (lower confidence limit: 6%) of the transmission risk was related to vaginal delivery, Comparing vaginally delivered A twins (infants most exposed to vaginal mucus and blood) to cesarean-delivered B twins (infants least exposed), 76% (lower confidence limit: 48%) of the transmission risk was related to vaginal exposure. Infected B twins had slightly reduced Quetelet indexes and more rapid development of illnesses related to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Conclusions: These results indicate that HIV infection of B twins occurs predominantly in utero, whereas infection of A twins (and, by implication, singletons) occurs predominantly intrapartum, We propose that intrapartum transmission is responsible for the majority of pediatric HIV infections and that reducing exposure to HIV in the birth canal may reduce transmission of the virus from mother to infant.

Published
1995

23. IMMUNOLOGICAL TARGETS OF HIV-INFECTION - T-CELLS

Author

SHEARER, WT, ROSENBLATT, HM, SCHLUCHTER, MD, MOFENSON, LM, DENNY, TN, WILLOUGHBY, A, NUGENT, R, MOYE, J, BERENDES, HW, RIGAPEREZ, JG, DURAKO, S, JORDAN, C, HIRSCHHORN, R, BETHEL, J, SHAH, K, CHOW, J, EDELSON, P, SANDERS, D, BONAGURA, [No Value], VALACER, D, HENLEY, W, BAMJI, M, LI, KI, ABRAMS, EJ, FIKRIG, S, BAKSHI, SS, PAHWA, S, KRASINSKI, K, PITT, J, BERNSTEIN, L, RUBINSTEIN, A, JOHNSON, G, COOPER, ER, FRENKEL, L, LISCHNER, HW, RAPHAEL, SA, JOHNSON, JP, RAKUSAN, T, NESHEIM, S, NAHMIAS, A, KEYSERLING, H, YOGEV, R, CHADWICK, E, RICH, K, GUERRAHANSON, IC, PETRU, A, DIAZ, C, SANTINI, JLC, JIMENEZ, E, GARCIATRIAS, E, ACANTILADO, C, SCHWARTZ, R, PEAVY, HH, KALICA, A, KASTENSPORTES, C, VRIEM, C, WEINSTEIN, C, WU, MC, BOYETT, J, MOODIE, D, BECK, G, BAETZGREENWALT, B, EASLEY, K, GOLDFARB, J, GRAGG, L, MCHUGH, M, MEHTA, A, MEZIANE, M, STERBA, R, HOUSER, H, MARTIN, R, AYERS, N, BAKER, C, BRICKER, T, DEMMLER, G, DOYLE, M, DYSON, M, GARSON, A, GONIK, B, HAMMILL, H, HANSEN, TN, HANSON, IC, HIATT, P, HOOTS, K, JACOBSON, R, KEARNEY, D, KLINE, MW, KOZINETZ, C, LANGSTON, C, LAPIN, C, LUDOMIRSKY, A, MOORE, W, PICKERING, L, SINGLETON, E, TABER, L, LIPSHULTZ, S, CLEVELAND, R, COLAN, S, COLIN, A, COOPER, E, CRANLEY, W, MCINTOSH, K, ORAV, EJ, PEREZATAYDE, A, PELTON, S, STEINBACH, S, TREVES, ST, TUOMALA, R, WOHL, MEB, KATTAN, M, DISCHE, R, FYFE, B, HEATON, S, ROSEN, J, SPERLING, R, BIERMAN, F, MELLINS, R, ALDERSON, P, BERDON, WE, FLEISHMAN, W, GERSONY, W, KOUMBOURLIS, AC, LARUSSA, P, MARBOE, C, MILLER, R, QUITTELL, LM, STARC, T, KAPLAN, S, ALKHATIB, Y, BOECHAT, [No Value], BOYER, P, BRYSON, Y, CHEN, D, DOROSHOW, R, ELASHOFF, R, GARG, M, HAWKINS, R, HOHN, A, PLATZKER, A, SETTLAGE, R, WOO, M, WOOD, BP, SUMAYA, CV, JENSON, H, Williams, O., Lyman, WD, Rubinstein, A, and University of Groningen

Subjects
RISK, HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS, IMMUNOGLOBULIN, DEATH, LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS, MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES, HEALTHY-CHILDREN, TYPE-1
Published
1993

24. Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Famciclovir in Children with Herpes Simplex or Varicella-Zoster Virus Infection

Author

Sáez-Llorens, X., primary, Yogev, R., additional, Arguedas, A., additional, Rodriguez, A., additional, Spigarelli, M. G., additional, De León Castrejón, T., additional, Bomgaars, L., additional, Roberts, M., additional, Abrams, B., additional, Zhou, W., additional, Looby, M., additional, Kaiser, G., additional, and Hamed, K., additional

Published
2009
Full Text
View/download PDF

25. Pneumococcal Endocarditis in Children

Author

Givner, L. B., primary, Mason, E. O., additional, Tan, T. Q., additional, Barson, W. J., additional, Schutze, G. E., additional, Wald, E. R., additional, Bradley, J. S., additional, Hoffman, J., additional, Yogev, R., additional, and Kaplan, S. L., additional

Published
2004
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. Phase I evaluation of zalcitabine administered to human immunodeficiency virus-infected children.

Author

Chadwick EG, Nazareno LA, Nieuwenhuis TJ, Massarella JW, de Dennis SR, Williams K, Yogev R, Chadwick, E G, Nazareno, L A, Nieuwenhuis, T J, Massarella, J W, de Dennis, S R, Williams, K, and Yogev, R

Abstract

The safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of zalcitabine (ddC) in a single oral dose (0.02 mg/kg) was evaluated in 23 mildly symptomatic human immunodeficiency virus-infected children (mean age, 4.2 years). After administration of ddC, blood samples were obtained at 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6, and 8 h for analysis. The drug was well tolerated and no side effects were noted. Plasma ddC levels were determined by ion spray liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. ddC was rapidly absorbed, with a mean maximum plasma concentration of 9.3 ng/mL (range, 3.2-14.1) attained within a mean of 1 h (range, 0.5-2.0). Mean elimination half-life was 1.4 h (range, 1.0-3.5), mean area under the plasma concentration-time curve was 25 ng.h/mL (range, 11-37), and mean total body clearance was 14.6 mL/min/kg (range, 8.9-30.6). Plasma concentrations were lower and the half-life shorter in these children than in adults given comparable doses, suggesting that ddC may be cleared more rapidly in children than adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1995
Full Text
View/download PDF

41. Antibody responses to hepatitis A virus vaccine in HIV-infected children with evidence of immunologic reconstitution while receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy.

Author

Weinberg A, Gona P, Nachman SA, Defechereux P, Yogev R, Hughes W, Wara D, Spector SA, Read J, Elgie C, Cooper M, Dankner W, and Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group 1008 Team

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients have weak responses to vaccines and may require revised immunization regimens. We investigated the safety and immunogenicity of 2 doses of hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccine followed by a booster dose in HIV-infected children receiving stable highly active antiretroviral therapy. METHODS: A total of 235 children with CD4+ T cell percentages > or = 20% received 2 vaccine doses 24 weeks apart, and 117 received a third vaccine dose after 104 weeks. Anti-HAV antibody titers were measured at baseline and at 32, 104, and 112 weeks after the first vaccination. Subjects with antibody titers > or = 20 mIU/mL were defined as being seropositive. High and low antibody responses were defined as titers > or = 250 and <250 mIU/mL, respectively. RESULTS: Of 151 subjects who were HAV seronegative at baseline, 97% seroconverted after 2 vaccine doses, and 47% had low antibody responses. At 104 weeks, 90% of subjects had antibody titers > or = 20 mIU/mL, and those with low antibody responses were more likely to lose protective antibody titers. A third vaccine dose generated significantly higher antibody titers than those observed after the second vaccine dose. Undetectable HIV RNA at baseline was associated with higher anti-HAV antibody titers after the second vaccine dose. Antibody titers after the second and third vaccine doses were weakly correlated with CD4+ T cell percentages at the time when each vaccine dose was administered. In the 45 subjects who were HAV seropositive at baseline, responses to 2 and 3 vaccine doses were higher than those in subjects who were HAV seronegative at baseline, but the responses showed similar correlations. There were no serious adverse events associated with the vaccine. CONCLUSIONS: HIV-infected children with CD4+ T cell percentages > or = 20% responded better to the HAV vaccine if they had undetectable HIV RNA. The standard 2-dose immunization regimen generated low antibody titers with limited persistence. A third vaccine dose was safe and increased the antibody titers, suggesting that an increase in immunizations may be warranted in this population. Copyright © 2006 Infectious Diseases Society of America [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2006
Full Text
View/download PDF

47. The Role of Protease Inhibitor Therapy in Children with HIV Infection.

Author

Gavin, P.J. and Yogev, R.

Subjects
*PROTEASE inhibitors, *HIV-positive persons
Abstract

In comparison with HIV infection in adults, higher HIV RNA levels in children with perinatal HIV infection, differences in the natural history of HIV disease progression, and the presence of a relatively immature immune system contribute to the more complex and problematic nature of pediatric antiretroviral therapy. Current US treatment guidelines for pediatric HIV infection advocate aggressive therapy with potent combination antiretroviral regimens, to achieve profound and durable suppression of viral replication and preservation of immune function. The combination of a protease inhibitor (PI) and dual nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) is the most commonly recommended form of highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). However, use of PI therapy in pediatrics has been constrained by the lack of suitable drug formulations, a paucity of pharmacokinetic and safety data, and drug intolerance. Pharmacokinetic studies of PIs demonstrate frequent differences between children and adults, and greater variability among children, which has led to subtherapeutic dosage regimens and the development of viral resistance. The optimal dosage of many PIs in younger children is not yet known. A therapeutically important drug interaction associated with PIs is that occurring between the various PIs themselves, which allows lower doses of PI at less frequent intervals. Dual PI regimens will probably become more common, as they permit a simpler antiretroviral regimen, lower pill/medication burden, fewer adverse effects and improved adherence. Poor adherence to antiretroviral therapy remains the greatest barrier to overall success in the treatment of HIV-infected children. The key to improving adherence in HIV-infected children is to find treatment regimens that are better suited to their normal life. With improvements in existing PIs and the development of newer ones, simplification of current antiretroviral therapy to once-daily regimens without loss of potency should be achievable. PI-containing HAART has transformed HIV infection into a chronic illness, and HIV-infected children now live longer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2002
Full Text
View/download PDF

49. Lymphocyte subsets in healthy children during the first 5 years of life.

Author

Denny, T. and Yogev, R.

Subjects
*CHILDREN'S health
Abstract

Assesses whether relative and absolute values of CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes and CD4/CD8 ratio change in relation to age, and to estimate the fifth and ninety-fifth percentiles for these values in children of various ages. Patients and methods; Results; CD4 lymphocytes, monocytes and macrophages as the primary target cells for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); CD4/CD8 ratio for health children, by age.

Published
1992
Full Text
View/download PDF

50. The localization of urinary tract infection with 99mTc glucoheptonate scintigraphy.

Author

Traisman, E S, Conway, J J, Traisman, H S, Yogev, R, Firlit, C, Shkolnik, A, and Weiss, S

Subjects
COMPARATIVE studies, CYSTITIS, GALLIUM isotopes, RESEARCH methodology, MEDICAL cooperation, ORGANIC compounds, PYELONEPHRITIS, RADIONUCLIDE imaging, RADIOISOTOPES, RESEARCH, TECHNETIUM, URINARY tract infections, EVALUATION research, RETROSPECTIVE studies
Abstract

A retrospective study was performed of 39 children at the Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, who underwent technetium-99m glucoheptonate (99mTcGH) scintigraphy for evaluation of possible urinary tract infection. Clinical and laboratory criteria classified the children as having pyelonephritis, cystitis, or no urinary tract infection. Of 28 children classified as having pyelonephritis, 24 (86%) children had abnormalities on 99mTcGH scintigraphy. Only 8 of 19 (42%) renal ultrasound scans and 4 of 17 (24%) intravenous pyelography studies performed in these children demonstrated findings consistent with parenchymal disease. Only 9 of 19 (47%) cystograms demonstrated vesicoureteral reflux. Three children who underwent gallium-67 citrate scintigraphy had localization at the sites of focal defects with 99mTcGH scintigraphy. 99mTcGH scintigraphy is a sensitive and specific indicator of renal parenchymal involvement that helps localize urinary tract infection to the kidney. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1986

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results