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2. Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Phthalate Exposure and Preterm Birth: A Pooled Study of Sixteen U.S. Cohorts

Author

Welch, Barrett M, Keil, Alexander P, Buckley, Jessie P, Engel, Stephanie M, James-Todd, Tamarra, Zota, Ami R, Alshawabkeh, Akram N, Barrett, Emily S, Bloom, Michael S, Bush, Nicole R, Cordero, José F, Dabelea, Dana, Eskenazi, Brenda, Lanphear, Bruce P, Padmanabhan, Vasantha, Sathyanarayana, Sheela, Swan, Shanna H, Aalborg, Jenny, Baird, Donna D, Binder, Alexandra M, Bradman, Asa, Braun, Joseph M, Calafat, Antonia M, Cantonwine, David E, Christenbury, Kate E, Factor-Litvak, Pam, Harley, Kim G, Hauser, Russ, Herbstman, Julie B, Hertz-Picciotto, Irva, Holland, Nina, Jukic, Anne Marie Z, McElrath, Thomas F, Meeker, John D, Messerlian, Carmen, Michels, Karin B, Newman, Roger B, Nguyen, Ruby HN, O’Brien, Katie M, Rauh, Virginia A, Redmon, Bruce, Rich, David Q, Rosen, Emma M, Schmidt, Rebecca J, Sparks, Amy E, Starling, Anne P, Wang, Christina, Watkins, Deborah J, Weinberg, Clarice R, Weinberger, Barry, Wenzel, Abby G, Wilcox, Allen J, Yolton, Kimberly, Zhang, Yu, and Ferguson, Kelly K

Subjects
Paediatrics, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Preterm, Low Birth Weight and Health of the Newborn, Pediatric, Prevention, Infant Mortality, Clinical Research, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy, Biomarkers, Ethnicity, Premature Birth, Maternal Exposure, Phthalic Acids, Racial Groups, Environmental Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Toxicology, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Environmental sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

BackgroundPhthalate exposures are ubiquitous during pregnancy and may contribute to racial and ethnic disparities in preterm birth.ObjectivesWe investigated race and ethnicity in the relationship between biomarkers of phthalate exposure and preterm birth by examining: a) how hypothetical reductions in racial and ethnic disparities in phthalate metabolites might reduce the probability of preterm birth; and b) exposure-response models stratified by race and ethnicity.MethodsWe pooled individual-level data on 6,045 pregnancies from 16 U.S. cohorts. We investigated covariate-adjusted differences in nine urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations by race and ethnicity [non-Hispanic White (White, 43%), non-Hispanic Black (Black, 13%), Hispanic/Latina (38%), and Asian/Pacific Islander (3%)]. Using g-computation, we estimated changes in the probability of preterm birth under hypothetical interventions to eliminate disparities in levels of urinary phthalate metabolites by proportionally lowering average concentrations in Black and Hispanic/Latina participants to be approximately equal to the averages in White participants. We also used race and ethnicity-stratified logistic regression to characterize associations between phthalate metabolites and preterm birth.ResultsIn comparison with concentrations among White participants, adjusted mean phthalate metabolite concentrations were consistently higher among Black and Hispanic/Latina participants by 23%-148% and 4%-94%, respectively. Asian/Pacific Islander participants had metabolite levels that were similar to those of White participants. Hypothetical interventions to reduce disparities in metabolite mixtures were associated with lower probabilities of preterm birth for Black [13% relative reduction; 95% confidence interval (CI): -34%, 8.6%] and Hispanic/Latina (9% relative reduction; 95% CI: -19%, 0.8%) participants. Odds ratios for preterm birth in association with phthalate metabolites demonstrated heterogeneity by race and ethnicity for two individual metabolites (mono-n-butyl and monoisobutyl phthalate), with positive associations that were larger in magnitude observed among Black or Hispanic/Latina participants.ConclusionsPhthalate metabolite concentrations differed substantially by race and ethnicity. Our results show hypothetical interventions to reduce population-level racial and ethnic disparities in biomarkers of phthalate exposure could potentially reduce the probability of preterm birth. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12831.

Published
2023

4. Neonatal AVPR1a Methylation and In-Utero Exposure to Maternal Smoking.

Author

Nidey, Nichole, Bowers, Katherine, Ding, Lili, Ammerman, Robert, Yolton, Kimberly, Mahabee-Gittens, E, Folger, Alonzo, and Ji, Hong

Subjects
AVPR1a, DNA methylation, epigenetics, maternal smoking
Abstract

(1) Introduction: Epigenetic changes have been proposed as a biologic link between in-utero exposure to maternal smoking and health outcomes. Therefore, we examined if in-utero exposure to maternal smoking was associated with infant DNA methylation (DNAm) of cytosine-phosphate-guanine dinucleotides (CpG sites) in the arginine vasopressin receptor 1A AVPR1a gene. The AVPR1a gene encodes a receptor that interacts with the arginine vasopressin hormone and may influence physiological stress regulation, blood pressure, and child development. (2) Methods: Fifty-two infants were included in this cohort study. Multivariable linear models were used to examine the effect of in-utero exposure to maternal smoking on the mean DNAm of CpG sites located at AVPR1a. (3) Results: After adjusting the model for substance use, infants with in-utero exposure to maternal smoking had a reduction in DNAm at AVPR1a CpG sites by -0.02 (95% CI -0.03, -0.01) at one month of age. In conclusion, in-utero exposure to tobacco smoke can lead to differential patterns of DNAm of AVPR1a among infants. Conclusions: Future studies are needed to identify how gene expression in response to early environmental exposures contributes to health outcomes.

Published
2023

8. Gestational Perfluoroalkyl Substance Exposure and DNA Methylation at Birth and 12 Years of Age: A Longitudinal Epigenome-Wide Association Study

Author

Liu, Yun, Eliot, Melissa N, Papandonatos, George D, Kelsey, Karl T, Fore, Ruby, Langevin, Scott, Buckley, Jessie, Chen, Aimin, Lanphear, Bruce P, Cecil, Kim M, Yolton, Kimberly, Hivert, Marie-France, Sagiv, Sharon K, Baccarelli, Andrea A, Oken, Emily, and Braun, Joseph M

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Pediatric, Clinical Research, Genetics, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, 2.2 Factors relating to the physical environment, Aetiology, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Alkanesulfonic Acids, Child, DNA Methylation, Environmental Pollutants, Epigenome, Female, Fluorocarbons, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Longitudinal Studies, Pregnancy, Environmental Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Toxicology, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Environmental sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

BackgroundDNA methylation alterations may underlie associations between gestational perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure and later-life health outcomes. To the best of our knowledge, no longitudinal studies have examined the associations between gestational PFAS and DNA methylation.ObjectivesWe examined associations of gestational PFAS exposure with longitudinal DNA methylation measures at birth and in adolescence using the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) Study (2003-2006; Cincinnati, Ohio).MethodsWe quantified serum concentrations of perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorononanoate (PFNA), and perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) in mothers during pregnancy. We measured DNA methylation in cord blood (n=266) and peripheral leukocytes at 12 years of age (n=160) using the Illumina HumanMethylation EPIC BeadChip. We analyzed associations between log2-transformed PFAS concentrations and repeated DNA methylation measures using linear regression with generalized estimating equations. We included interaction terms between children's age and gestational PFAS. We performed Gene Ontology enrichment analysis to identify molecular pathways. We used Project Viva (1999-2002; Boston, Massachusetts) to replicate significant associations.ResultsAfter adjusting for covariates, 435 cytosine-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) sites were associated with PFAS (false discovery rate, q

Published
2022

13. Initial Laparotomy Versus Peritoneal Drainage in Extremely Low Birthweight Infants With Surgical Necrotizing Enterocolitis or Isolated Intestinal Perforation: A Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial.

Author

Blakely, Martin L, Tyson, Jon E, Lally, Kevin P, Hintz, Susan R, Eggleston, Barry, Stevenson, David K, Besner, Gail E, Das, Abhik, Ohls, Robin K, Truog, William E, Nelin, Leif D, Poindexter, Brenda B, Pedroza, Claudia, Walsh, Michele C, Stoll, Barbara J, Geller, Rachel, Kennedy, Kathleen A, Dimmitt, Reed A, Carlo, Waldemar A, Cotten, C Michael, Laptook, Abbot R, Van Meurs, Krisa P, Calkins, Kara L, Sokol, Gregory M, Sanchez, Pablo J, Wyckoff, Myra H, Patel, Ravi M, Frantz, Ivan D, Shankaran, Seetha, D'Angio, Carl T, Yoder, Bradley A, Bell, Edward F, Watterberg, Kristi L, Martin, Colin A, Harmon, Carroll M, Rice, Henry, Kurkchubasche, Arlet G, Sylvester, Karl, Dunn, James CY, Markel, Troy A, Diesen, Diana L, Bhatia, Amina M, Flake, Alan, Chwals, Walter J, Brown, Rebeccah, Bass, Kathryn D, St Peter, Shawn D, Shanti, Christina M, Pegoli, Walter, Skarda, David, Shilyansky, Joel, Lemon, David G, Mosquera, Ricardo A, Peralta-Carcelen, Myriam, Goldstein, Ricki F, Vohr, Betty R, Purdy, Isabell B, Hines, Abbey C, Maitre, Nathalie L, Heyne, Roy J, DeMauro, Sara B, McGowan, Elisabeth C, Yolton, Kimberly, Kilbride, Howard W, Natarajan, Girija, Yost, Kelley, Winter, Sarah, Colaizy, Tarah T, Laughon, Matthew M, Lakshminrusimha, Satyanarayana, and Higgins, Rosemary D

Subjects
Perinatal Period - Conditions Originating in Perinatal Period, Clinical Research, Infant Mortality, Rare Diseases, Digestive Diseases, Preterm, Low Birth Weight and Health of the Newborn, Pediatric, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Good Health and Well Being, Drainage, Enterocolitis, Necrotizing, Feasibility Studies, Female, Humans, Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Premature, Infant, Premature, Diseases, Intestinal Perforation, Laparotomy, Male, Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Survival Rate, Treatment Outcome, isolated intestinal perforation, neonatal surgery, premature infant, randomized clinical trial, surgical necrotizing enterocolitis, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health, Human Development Neonatal Research Network, Medical and Health Sciences, Surgery
Abstract

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine which initial surgical treatment results in the lowest rate of death or neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) in premature infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) or isolated intestinal perforation (IP).Summary background dataThe impact of initial laparotomy versus peritoneal drainage for NEC or IP on the rate of death or NDI in extremely low birth weight infants is unknown.MethodsWe conducted the largest feasible randomized trial in 20 US centers, comparing initial laparotomy versus peritoneal drainage. The primary outcome was a composite of death or NDI at 18 to 22 months corrected age, analyzed using prespecified frequentist and Bayesian approaches.ResultsOf 992 eligible infants, 310 were randomized and 96% had primary outcome assessed. Death or NDI occurred in 69% of infants in the laparotomy group versus 70% with drainage [adjusted relative risk (aRR) 1.0; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.87-1.14]. A preplanned analysis identified an interaction between preoperative diagnosis and treatment group (P = 0.03). With a preoperative diagnosis of NEC, death or NDI occurred in 69% after laparotomy versus 85% with drainage (aRR 0.81; 95% CI: 0.64-1.04). The Bayesian posterior probability that laparotomy was beneficial (risk difference

Published
2021

17. Gestational Exposure to Phthalates and Social Responsiveness Scores in Children Using Quantile Regression: The EARLI and HOME Studies

Author

Patti, Marisa A, Newschaffer, Craig, Eliot, Melissa, Hamra, Ghassan B, Chen, Aimin, Croen, Lisa A, Fallin, M Daniele, Hertz-Picciotto, Irva, Kalloo, Geetika, Khoury, Jane C, Lanphear, Bruce P, Lyall, Kristen, Yolton, Kimberly, and Braun, Joseph M

Subjects
Pediatric, Mental Health, Prevention, Autism, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD), Behavioral and Social Science, Brain Disorders, Clinical Research, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Autistic Disorder, Child, Child, Preschool, Cohort Studies, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Pollutants, Female, Humans, Phthalic Acids, Pregnancy, phthalates, prenatal, endocrine-disrupting chemicals, neurodevelopment, Toxicology
Abstract

Linear regression is often used to estimate associations between chemical exposures and neurodevelopment at the mean of the outcome. However, the potential effect of chemicals may be greater among individuals at the 'tails' of outcome distributions. Here, we investigated distributional effects on the associations between gestational phthalate exposure and child Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)-related behaviors using quantile regression. We harmonized data from the Early Autism Risk Longitudinal Investigation (EARLI) (n = 140) Study, an enriched-risk cohort of mothers who had a child with ASD, and the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) Study (n = 276), a general population cohort. We measured concentrations of 9 phthalate metabolites in urine samples collected twice during pregnancy. Caregivers reported children's ASD-related behaviors using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) at age 3-8 years; higher scores indicate more ASD-related behaviors. In EARLI, associations between phthalate concentrations and SRS scores were predominately inverse or null across SRS score quantiles. In HOME, positive associations of mono-n-butyl phthalate, monobenzyl phthalate, mono-isobutyl phthalate, and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate concentrations with SRS scores increased in strength from the median to 95th percentile of SRS scores. These results suggest associations between phthalate concentrations and SRS scores may be stronger in individuals with higher SRS scores.

Published
2021

18. Association between self-reported caffeine intake during pregnancy and social responsiveness scores in childhood: The EARLI and HOME studies

Author

Patti, Marisa A, Li, Nan, Eliot, Melissa, Newschaffer, Craig, Yolton, Kimberly, Khoury, Jane, Chen, Aimin, Lanphear, Bruce P, Lyall, Kristen, Hertz-Picciotto, Irva, Fallin, Margaret Daniele, Croen, Lisa A, and Braun, Joseph M

Subjects
Reproductive Medicine, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Health Sciences, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Brain Disorders, Nutrition, Clinical Research, Autism, Behavioral and Social Science, Mental Health, Pediatric Research Initiative, Prevention, Pediatric, Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD), Aetiology, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, Reproductive health and childbirth, Adult, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Body Mass Index, Caffeine, Child, Child, Preschool, Databases, Factual, Female, Humans, Male, Maternal Exposure, Pregnancy, Self Report, Young Adult, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Maternal nutrition during gestation has been investigated for its role in child neurodevelopment. However, little is known about the potential impact of gestational caffeine exposure on child autistic behaviors. Here, we assess the relation between maternal caffeine intake during pregnancy and children's behavioral traits related to Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). We harmonized data from two pregnancy cohorts, Early Autism Risk Longitudinal Investigation (EARLI) (n = 120), an enriched-risk cohort of mothers who previously had a child with ASD, from Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Northern California (2009-2012), and the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) Study (n = 269), a general population cohort from Cincinnati, Ohio (2003-2006). Mothers self-reported caffeine intake twice during pregnancy. Caregivers reported child behavioral traits related to ASD using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) when children were aged 3-8 years. Higher scores indicate more ASD-related behaviors. We estimated covariate-adjusted differences in continuous SRS T-scores per interquartile range increase in caffeine intake. Self-reported caffeine intake during pregnancy was positively associated with SRS T-scores among children in EARLI (β: 2.0; 95% CI -0.1, 4.0), but to a lesser extent in HOME (β: 0.6; 95% CI -0.5, 1.6). In HOME, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) modified the association between caffeine intake and SRS T-scores, where more positive associations were observed among women with higher BMIs. Our findings suggest gestational caffeine intake may represent a marker of vulnerability to childhood ASD-related behaviors. Additional studies are warranted to extend these findings.

Published
2021

20. Early-Life Outcomes in Relation to Social Determinants of Health for Children Born Extremely Preterm

Author

Jobe, Alan H., Caplan, Michael S., Polin, Richard A., Laptook, Abbot R., Keszler, Martin, Hensman, Angelita M., Alksninis, Barbara, Bishop, Carmena, Burke, Robert T., Caskey, Melinda, Hoffman, Laurie, Johnson, Katharine, Keszler, Mary Lenore, Knoll, Andrea M., Lamberson, Vita, Leach, Teresa M., Little, Emilee, McGowan, Elisabeth C., Stephens, Bonnie E., Vieira, Elisa, St. Pierre, Lucille, Ventura, Suzy, Watson, Victoria E., Hibbs, Anna Maria, Walsh, Michele C., Wilson-Costello, Deanne E., Newman, Nancy S., Bhola, Monika, Payne, Allison H., Siner, Bonnie S., Yalcinkaya, Gulgun, Truog, William E., Pallotto, Eugenia K., Kilbride, Howard W., Gauldin, Cheri, Holmes, Anne, Johnson, Kathy, Scott, Allison, Parimi, Prabhu S., Gaetano, Lisa, Poindexter, Brenda B., Schibler, Kurt, Kallapur, Suhas G., Donovan, Edward F., Merhar, Stephanie, Grisby, Cathy, Yolton, Kimberly, Alexander, Barbara, Beiersdorfer, Traci, Bridges, Kate, Cahill, Tanya E., Dudley, Juanita, Fischer, Estelle E., Gratton, Teresa L., Hayes, Devan, Hessling, Jody, Jackson, Lenora D., Kirker, Kristin, Mincey, Holly L., Muthig, Greg, Stacey, Sara, Steichen, Jean J., Tepe, Stacey, Thompson, Julia, Wuertz, Sandra, Cotten, C. Michael, Goldberg, Ronald N., Goldstein, Ricki F., Malcolm, William F., Mago-Shah, Deesha, Ashley, Patricia L., Finkle, Joanne, Auten, Kathy J., Fisher, Kimberley A., Grimes, Sandra, Gustafson, Kathryn E., Lohmeyer, Melody B., Laughon, Matthew M., Bose, Carl L., Bernhardt, Janice, Bose, Gennie, Clark, Cindy, Talbert, Jennifer, Warner, Diane, Trembath, Andrea, O'Shea, T. Michael, Wereszczak, Janice, Kicklighter, Stephen D., Rhodes-Ryan, Ginger, White, Donna, Patel, Ravi M., Carlton, David P., Stoll, Barbara J., Hale, Ellen C., Loggins, Yvonne C., Adams-Chapman, Ira, Blackwelder, Ann, Bottcher, Diane I., Carter, Sheena L., Kendrick-Allwood, Salathiel, Laursen, Judith, LaRossa, Maureen Mulligan, Mackie, Colleen, Sanders, Amy, Seabrook, Irma, Smikle, Gloria, Wineski, Lynn C., Higgins, Rosemary D., Bremer, Andrew A., Archer, Stephanie Wilson, Sokol, Gregory M., Dusick, Anna M., Papile, Lu Ann, Gunn, Susan, Hamer, Faithe, Harmon, Heidi M., Herron, Dianne E., Hines, Abbey C., Lytle, Carolyn, Miller, Lucy C., Minnich, Heike M., Richard, Leslie, Smiley, Lucy, Wilson, Leslie Dawn, Tyson, Jon E., Kennedy, Kathleen A., Khan, Amir M., Duncan, Andrea, Mosquera, Ricardo, Stephens, Emily K., McDavid, Georgia E., Alaniz, Nora I., Allain, Elizabeth, Arldt-McAlister, Julie, Burson, Katrina, Dempsey, Allison G., Eason, Elizabeth, Evans, Patricia W., Garcia, Carmen, Green, Charles, Hall, Donna, Harris, Beverly Foley, Jiminez, Margarita, John, Janice, Jones, Patrick M., Lillie, M. Layne, Lis, Anna E., Martin, Karen, Martin, Sara C., Mason, Carrie M., McKee, Shannon, Morris, Brenda H., Rennie, Kimberly, Rodgers, Shawna, Siddiki, Saba Khan, Simmons, Maegan C., Sperry, Daniel, Pierce Tate, Patti L., Wright, Sharon L., Sánchez, Pablo J., Nelin, Leif D., Jadcherla, Sudarshan R., Slaughter, Jonathan L., Yeates, Keith O., Keim, Sarah, Maitre, Nathalie L., Timan, Christopher J., Luzader, Patricia, Clark, Erna, Fortney, Christine A., Gutentag, Julie, Park, Courtney, Shadd, Julie, Sullivan, Margaret, Stein, Melanie, Nelin, Mary Ann, Newton, Julia, Small, Kristi, Burkhardt, Stephanie, Purnell, Jessica, Pietruszewski, Lindsay, Levengood, Katelyn, Batterson, Nancy, Morehead, Pamela, Carey, Helen, Yoseff-Salameh, Lina, Sullivan, Rox Ann, Hague, Cole, Grothause, Jennifer, Fearns, Erin, Fowler, Aubrey, Notestine, Jennifer, Tonneman, Jill, Hay, Krystal, Chao, Michelle, Warnimont, Kyrstin, Marzec, Laura, Miller, Bethany, Beckford, Demi R., Baugher, Hallie, DeSantis, Brittany, Hanlon, Cory, McCool, Jacqueline, Das, Abhik, Gantz, Marie G., Bann, Carla M., Wallace, Dennis, Crawford, Margaret M., Gabrio, Jenna, Leblond, David, Newman, Jamie E., Petrie Huitema, Carolyn M., O'Donnell Auman, Jeanette, Poole, W. Kenneth, Zaterka-Baxter, Kristin M., Van Meurs, Krisa P., Chock, Valerie Y., Stevenson, David K., Adams, Marian M., Ball, M. Bethany, Bentley, Barbara, Bruno, Elizabeth, Davis, Alexis S., Elena DeAnda, Maria, DeBattista, Anne M., Huffman, Lynne C., Ismael, Magdy, Kohn, Jean G., Krueger, Casey, Lowe, Janice, Lucash, Ryan E., Palmquist, Andrew W., Patel, Jessica, Proud, Melinda S., Reichert, Elizabeth N., John, Nicholas H. St., Sivakumar, Dharshi, Taylor, Heather L., Wager, Natalie, Williams, R. Jordan, Weiss, Hali, Frantz, Ivan D., III, Fiascone, John M., MacKinnon, Brenda L., Furey, Anne, Nylen, Ellen, Church, Paige T., Sibley, Cecelia E., Brussa, Ana K., Carlo, Waldemar A., Ambalavanan, Namasivayam, Peralta-Carcelen, Myriam, Nelson, Kathleen G., Bailey, Kirstin J., Biasini, Fred J., Chopko, Stephanie A., Collins, Monica V., Cosby, Shirley S., Johnston, Kristen C., Moses, Mary Beth, Patterson, Cryshelle S., Phillips, Vivien A., Preskitt, Julie, Rector, Richard V., Whitley, Sally, Devaskar, Uday, Garg, Meena, Purdy, Isabell B., Chanlaw, Teresa, Geller, Rachel, Finer, Neil N., Vaucher, Yvonne E., Kaegi, David, Rasmussen, Maynard R., Arnell, Kathy, Demetrio, Clarence, Fuller, Martha G., Rich, Wade, Bell, Edward F., Colaizy, Tarah T., Widness, John A., Brumbaugh, Jane E., Acarregui, Michael J., Johnson, Karen J., Eastman, Diane L., Goeke, Claire A., Schmelzel, Mendi L., Walker, Jacky R., Baack, Michelle L., Hogden, Laurie A., Broadbent, Megan, Elenkiwich, Chelsey, Henning, Megan M., Van Muyden, Sarah, Ellsbury, Dan L., Campbell, Donia B., Tud, Tracy L., Duara, Shahnaz, Bauer, Charles R., Everett-Thomas, Ruth, Fajardo-Hiriart, Sylvia, Rigaud, Arielle, Calejo, Maria, Frade Eguaras, Silvia M., Berkowits, Michelle Harwood, Garcia, Andrea, Pierre, Helina, Stoerger, Alexandra, Watterberg, Kristi L., Fuller, Janell, Ohls, Robin K., Beauman, Sandra Sundquist, Lacy, Conra Backstrom, Duncan, Andrea F., Hanson, Mary, Hartenberger, Carol, Kuan, Elizabeth, Lowe, Jean R., Thomson, Rebecca A., DeMauro, Sara B., Eichenwald, Eric C., Schmidt, Barbara, Kirpalani, Haresh, Chaudhary, Aasma S., Abbasi, Soraya, Mancini, Toni, Catts, Christine, Cook, Noah, Cucinotta, Dara M., Bernbaum, Judy C., Gerdes, Marsha, Ghavam, Sarvin, Hurt, Hallam, Snyder, Jonathan, Vangala, Saritha, Ziolkowski, Kristina, D'Angio, Carl T., Phelps, Dale L., Guillet, Ronnie, Myers, Gary J., Andrews-Hartley, Michelle, Johnson, Julie Babish, Binion, Kyle, Bowman, Melissa, Boylin, Elizabeth, Burnell, Erica, Coleman, Kelly R., Fallone, Cait, Farooq, Osman, Hunn, Julianne, Hust, Diane, Jensen, Rosemary L., Jones, Rachel, Kachelmeyer, Jennifer, Kushner, Emily, Maffett, Deanna, McKee, Kimberly G., Merzbach, Joan, Orme, Constance, Prinzing, Diane, Reubens, Linda J., Rochez, Daisy, Rowan, Mary, Sabaratnam, Premini, Scorsone, Ann Marie, Wadkins, Holly I.M., Yost, Kelley, Zwetsch, Lauren, Lakshminrusimha, Satyan, Reynolds, Anne Marie, Sacilowski, Michael G., Guilford, Stephanie, Li, Emily, Williams, Ashley, Zorn, William A., Wyckoff, Myra H., Brion, Luc P., Salhab, Walid A., Rosenfeld, Charles R., Heyne, Roy J., Vasil, Diana M., Adams, Sally S., Chen, Lijun, De Leon, Maria M., Eubanks, Francis, Guzman, Alicia, Hensley, Gaynelle, Heyne, Elizabeth T., Lee, Lizette E., Leps, Melissa H., Madden, Linda A., McDougald, E. Rebecca, Miller, Nancy A., Morgan, Janet S., Pavageau, Lara, Sepulveda, Pollieanna, Tolentino-Plata, Kristine, Boatman, Cathy Twell, Vera, Azucena, Waterbury, Jillian, Yoder, Bradley A., Baserga, Mariana, Faix, Roger G., Winter, Sarah, Minton, Stephen D., Sheffield, Mark J., Rau, Carrie A., Baker, Shawna, Bird, Karie, Burnett, Jill, Christensen, Susan, Cole-Bledsoe, Laura, Davis, Brandy, Elmont, Jennifer O., Jensen, Jennifer J., Loertscher, Manndi C., Jordan, Jamie, Marchant, Trisha, Maxson, Earl, McGrath, Kandace M., Osborne, Karen A., Parry, D. Melody, Reich, Brixen A., Schaefer, Susan T., Spencer, Cynthia, Steffen, Michael, Tice, Katherine, Weaver-Lewis, Kimberlee, Woodbury, Kathryn D., Zanetti, Karen, Dillard, Robert G., Washburn, Lisa K., Jackson, Barbara G., Peters, Nancy, Chiu, Korinne, Allred, Deborah Evans, Goldstein, Donald J., Halfond, Raquel, Peterson, Carroll, Waldrep, Ellen L., Welch, Cherrie D., Morris, Melissa Whalen, Hounshell, Gail Wiley, Shankaran, Seetha, Sood, Beena G., Natarajan, Girija, Pappas, Athina, Abramczyk, Katherine, Agarwal, Prashant, Bajaj, Monika, Bara, Rebecca, Billian, Elizabeth, Chawla, Sanjay, Childs, Kirsten, De Jesus, Lilia C., Driscoll, Debra, February, Melissa, Goldston, Laura A., Johnson, Mary E., Muran, Geraldine, Panaitescu, Bogdan, Prentiss, Jeannette E., White, Diane, Woldt, Eunice, Barks, John, Wiggins, Stephanie A., Christensen, Mary K., Carlson, Martha D., Ehrenkranz, Richard A., Jacobs, Harris, Butler, Christine G., Cervone, Patricia, Greisman, Sheila, Konstantino, Monica, Poulsen, JoAnn, Taft, Janet, Williams, Joanne, Romano, Elaine, Vohr, Betty R., Travers, Colm P., and Hintz, Susan R.

Published
2023
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26. Time-varying associations of gestational and childhood triclosan with pubertal and adrenarchal outcomes in early adolescence

Author

Laue, Hannah E., primary, Lanphear, Bruce P., additional, Calafat, Antonia M., additional, Cecil, Kim M., additional, Chen, Aimin, additional, Xu, Yingying, additional, Kalkwarf, Heidi J., additional, Madan, Juliette C., additional, Karagas, Margaret R., additional, Yolton, Kimberly, additional, Fleisch, Abby F., additional, and Braun, Joseph M., additional

Published
2024
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27. Gestational thyroid hormones and autism‐related traits in the EARLI and HOME studies

Author

Zhong, Caichen, primary, Rando, Juliette, additional, Patti, Marisa A., additional, Braun, Joseph M., additional, Chen, Aimin, additional, Xu, Yingying, additional, Lanphear, Bruce P., additional, Yolton, Kimberly, additional, Croen, Lisa A., additional, Fallin, M. Daniele, additional, Hertz‐Picciotto, Irva, additional, Newschaffer, Craig J., additional, and Lyall, Kristen, additional

Published
2024
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28. The Association between Maternal Prenatal Fish Intake and Child Autism-Related Traits in the EARLI and HOME Studies

Author

Vecchione, Rachel, Vigna, Chelsea, Whitman, Casey, Kauffman, Elizabeth M., Braun, Joseph M., Chen, Aimin, Xu, Yingying, Hamra, Ghassan B., Lanphear, Bruce P., Yolton, Kimberly, Croen, Lisa A., Fallin, M. Daniele, Irva Hertz-Picciotto, Newschaffer, Craig J., and Lyall, Kristen

Abstract

We examined the association between prenatal fish intake and child autism-related traits according to Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) and cognitive development scores in two US prospective pregnancy cohorts. In adjusted linear regression analyses, higher maternal fish intake in the second half of pregnancy was associated with increased child autism traits (higher raw SRS scores; [beta] = 5.60, 95%CI 1.76, 12.97). Differences by fish type were suggested; shellfish and large fish species were associated with increases, and salmon with decreases, in child SRS scores. Clear patterns with cognitive scores in the two cohorts were not observed. Future work should further evaluate potential critical windows of prenatal fish intake, and the role of different fish types in association with child autism-related outcomes.

Published
2021
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29. Neonatal NR3C1 Methylation and Social-Emotional Development at 6 and 18 Months of Age

Author

Folger, Alonzo T, Ding, Lili, Ji, Hong, Yolton, Kimberly, Ammerman, Robert T, Van Ginkel, Judith B, and Bowers, Katherine

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Neurosciences, Pediatric, Mental Health, Behavioral and Social Science, Genetics, Clinical Research, Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Good Health and Well Being, NR3C1, glucocorticoid receptor, DNA methylation, adversity, home visiting, social-emotional development, Psychology, Cognitive Sciences, Applied and developmental psychology, Biological psychology
Abstract

The variation in childhood social-emotional development within at-risk populations may be attributed in part to epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation (DNAm) that respond to environmental stressors. These mechanisms may partially underlie the degree of vulnerability (and resilience) to negative social-emotional development within adverse psychosocial environments. Extensive research supports an association between maternal adversity and offspring DNAm of the NR3C1 gene, which encodes the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). A gap in knowledge remains regarding the relationship between NR3C1 DNAm, measured in neonatal (1-month of age) buccal cells, and subsequent social-emotional development during infancy and early childhood. We conducted a longitudinal cohort study of n = 53 mother-child dyads (n = 30 with developmental outcomes formed the basis of current study) who were enrolled in a home visiting (HV) program. Higher mean DNAm of the NR3C1 exon 1F promoter was significantly associated with lower 6-month Ages and Stages Questionnaire: Social-Emotional (ASQ:SE) scores-more positive infant social-emotional functioning. A similar trend was observed at 18-months of age in a smaller sample (n = 12). The findings of this pilot study indicate that in a diverse and disadvantaged population, the level of neonatal NR3C1 DNAm is related to later social-emotional development. Limitations and implications for future research are discussed.

Published
2019

32. Estimating effects of longitudinal and cumulative exposure to PFAS mixtures on early adolescent body composition.

Author

Kuiper, Jordan R, Liu, Shelley H, Lanphear, Bruce P, Calafat, Antonia M, Cecil, Kim M, Xu, Yingying, Yolton, Kimberly, Kalkwarf, Heidi J, Chen, Aimin, Braun, Joseph M, and Buckley, Jessie P

Subjects
ADOLESCENT development, RESEARCH funding, BODY mass index, ADIPOSE tissues, RECEIVER operating characteristic curves, BODY composition, SEX distribution, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, STATURE, ENVIRONMENTAL exposure, LEAN body mass, CONFIDENCE intervals, FLUOROCARBONS, BIOMARKERS, ADOLESCENCE
Abstract

Few methods have been used to characterize repeatedly measured biomarkers of chemical mixtures. We applied latent profile analysis (LPA) to serum concentrations of 4 perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) measured at 4 time points from gestation to age 12 years. We evaluated the relationships between profiles and z scores of height, body mass index, fat mass index, and lean body mass index at age 12 years (n  = 218). We compared LPA findings with an alternative approach for cumulative PFAS mixtures using g-computation to estimate the effect of simultaneously increasing the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for all PFAS. We identified 2 profiles: a higher PFAS profile (35% of sample) and a lower PFAS profile (relative to each other), based on their average PFAS concentrations at all time points. The higher PFAS profile had generally lower z scores for all outcomes, with somewhat larger effects for males, though all 95% CIs crossed the null. For example, the higher PFAS profile was associated with a 0.50-unit lower (β = −0.50; 95% CI, −1.07 to 0.08) BMI z score among males but not among females (β = 0.04; 95% CI, −0.45 to 0.54). We observed similar patterns with AUCs. We found that a higher childhood PFAS profile and higher cumulative PFAS mixtures may be associated with altered growth in early adolescence. This article is part of a Special Collection on Environmental Epidemiology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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33. The Role of Fluid Reasoning in Word Recognition

Author

Guerin, Julia M., Sylvia, Allison M., Yolton, Kimberly, and Mano, Quintino R.

Abstract

Background: Multiple perspectives on cognitive development, including Cattell's Investment Theory (1963, 1987), suggest that fluid reasoning (Gf) is foundational to the development of academic knowledge and skills. Yet little is known of the role that Gf may play in reading achievement, particularly in comparison with a larger literature demonstrating an influential role of crystallised intelligence (Gc) in word recognition. Given the novelty of word recognition for early readers, it is likely that Gf plays an influential role in literacy acquisition. Method: Using regression-based mediation analysis, the present study examined performance of preschool children (n = 154) and college-aged adults (n = 114) on measures of Gf, Gc, phonemic decoding and word recognition. Results: Results show that Gf has a significant direct effect on word recognition among preschoolers but not among adults. Moreover, among preschoolers, Gf exerted an effect indirectly on word recognition through phonemic decoding (i.e., Gf ? phonemic decoding ?word recognition), as well as through a serial and joint mechanism of Gc and phonemic decoding (i.e., Gf ?Gc ?phonemic decoding ?word recognition). However, among adults, Gf exerted an effect onto word recognition only through this joint and serial mechanism and not singularly through phonemic decoding. Conclusions: Present findings link theories of cognitive development with models of reading development, suggesting that while Gf may both directly and indirectly invest in word recognition during early literacy acquisition, this investment may "shift" in adulthood such that Gf exerts only indirect effects through crystallised knowledge and skills (i.e., Gc and phonemic decoding).

Published
2020
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37. A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Housing Intervention to Reduce Endocrine Disrupting Chemical Exposures in Children

Author

Fossa, Alan, primary, Manz, Katherine E., additional, Papandonatos, George D., additional, Chen, Aimin, additional, La Guardia, Mark J., additional, Lanphear, Bruce, additional, Hale, Robert C., additional, Pagano, Alexandra, additional, Pennell, Kurt D., additional, Yolton, Kimberly, additional, and Braun, Joseph M., additional

Published
2024
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38. Gestational PBDE Concentrations, Persistent Externalizing, and Emerging Internalizing Behaviors in Adolescents: The Home Study

Author

Cecil, Kim M., primary, Xu, Yingying, additional, Chen, Aimin, additional, Khoury, Jane, additional, Altaye, Mekibib, additional, Braun, Joseph M., additional, Sjodin, Andreas, additional, Lanphear, Bruce, additional, Newman, Nicholas, additional, Strawn, Jeffrey R., additional, Vuong, Ann M., additional, and Yolton, Kimberly, additional

Published
2024
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39. Associations of a Prenatal Serum Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substance Mixture with the Cord Serum Metabolome in the HOME Study

Author

Hall, Amber M., primary, Fleury, Elvira, additional, Papandonatos, George D., additional, Buckley, Jessie P., additional, Cecil, Kim M., additional, Chen, Aimin, additional, Lanphear, Bruce P., additional, Yolton, Kimberly, additional, Walker, Douglas I., additional, Pennell, Kurt D., additional, Braun, Joseph M., additional, and Manz, Katherine E., additional

Published
2023
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40. High levels of sleep disturbance across early childhood increases cardiometabolic disease risk index in early adolescence: longitudinal sleep analysis using the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment study

Author

Duraccio, Kara McRae, primary, Xu, Yingying, additional, Beebe, Dean W, additional, Lanphear, Bruce, additional, Chen, Aimin, additional, Braun, Joseph M, additional, Kalkwarf, Heidi, additional, Cecil, Kim M, additional, and Yolton, Kimberly, additional

Published
2023
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42. Limitations of Conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging as a Predictor of Death or Disability Following Neonatal Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy in the Late Hypothermia Trial

Author

Caplan, Michael S., Polin, Richard A., Keszler, Martin, Oh, William, Vohr, Betty R., McGowan, Elizabeth C., Alksninis, Barbara, Basso, Kristin, Bliss, Joseph, Bishop, Carmena, Burke, Robert T., Cashore, William, Caskey, Melinda, Gingras, Dan, Guerina, Nicholas, Johnson, Katharine, Keszler, Mary Lenore, Knoll, Andrea M., Leach, Theresa M., Leonard, Martha R., Little, Emilee, Stephens, Bonnie E., Vieira, Elisa, Watson, Victoria E., Hibbs, Anna Maria, Wilson-Costello, Deanne E., Newman, Nancy S., Batton, Beau, Bhola, Monika, Di Fiore, Juliann M., Friedman, Harriet G., Siner, Bonnie S., Stork, Eileen K., Yalcinkaya, Gulgun, Zadell, Arlene, Pallotto, Eugenia K., Kilbride, Howard W., Gauldin, Cheri, Holmes, Anne, Johnson, Kathy, Knutson, Allison, Schibler, Kurt, Yolton, Kimberly, Grisby, Cathy, Gratton, Teresa L., Merhar, Stephanie, Wuertz, Sandra, Cotten, C. Michael, Fisher, Kimberley A., Grimes, Sandra, Finkle, Joanne, Goldstein, Ricki F., Gustafson, Kathryn E., Malcolm, William F., Ashley, Patricia L., Auten, Kathy J., Lohmeyer, Melody B., Laughon, Matthew M., Bose, Carl L., Bernhardt, Janice, Clark, Cindy, Warner, Diane D., Wereszcsak, Janice, Aliaga, Sofia, Carlton, David P., Stoll, Barbara J., Hale, Ellen C., Loggins, Yvonne, Bottcher, Diane I., Mackie, Colleen, LaRossa, Maureen Mulligan, Adams-Chapman, Ira, Wineski, Lynn C., Carter, Sheena L., Higgins, Rosemary D., Archer, Stephanie Wilson, Harmon, Heidi M., Papile, Lu-Ann, Dusick, Anna M., Gunn, Susan, Herron, Dianne E., Hines, Abbey C., Kardatzke, Darlene, Lytle, Carolyn, Minnich, Heike M., Richard, Leslie, Smiley, Lucy C., Wilson, Leslie Dawn, Kennedy, Kathleen A., Allain, Elizabeth, Mason, Carrie M., Arldt-McAlister, Julie, Burson, Katrina, Dempsey, Allison G., Duncan, Andrea F., Evans, Patricia W., Garcia, Carmen, Green, Charles E., Jimenez, Margarita, John, Janice, Jones, Patrick M., Lillie, M. Layne, Martin, Karen, Martin, Sara C., McDavid, Georgia E., McKee, Shannon, Pierce Tate, Patti L., Rodgers, Shawna, Siddiki, Saba Khan, Sperry, Daniel K., Wright, Sharon L., Sánchez, Pablo J., Nelin, Leif D., Jadcherla, Sudarshan R., Luzader, Patricia, Fortney, Christine A., Grothause, Jennifer L., Wallace, Dennis, Gantz, Marie G., Zaterka-Baxter, Kristin M., Crawford, Margaret M., McDonald, Scott A., Newman, Jamie E., O'Donnell Auman, Jeanette, Petrie Huitema, Carolyn M., Pickett, James W., II, Yost, Patricia, Van Meurs, Krisa P., Stevenson, David K., Ball, M. Bethany, Bentley, Barbara, Chock, Valerie Y., Bruno, Elizabeth F., Davis, Alexis S., DeAnda, Maria Elena, DeBattista, Anne M., Earhart, Beth, Huffman, Lynne C., Kohn, Jean G., Krueger, Casey E., Proud, Melinda S., Rhine, William D., St. John, Nicholas H., Taylor, Heather, Weiss, Hali E., Carlo, Waldemar A., Peralta-Carcelen, Myriam, Collins, Monica V., Cosby, Shirley S., Phillips, Vivien A., Rector, Richard V., Whitley, Sally, Colaizy, Tarah T., Brumbaugh, Jane E., Johnson, Karen J., Eastman, Diane L., Acarregui, Michael J., Walker, Jacky R., Goeke, Claire A., Klein, Jonathan M., Krutzfield, Nancy J., Segar, Jeffrey L., Dagle, John M., Lindower, Julie B., McElroy, Steven J., Rabe, Glenda K., Roghair, Robert D., Meyer, Lauritz R., Ellsbury, Dan L., Campbell, Donia B., Murphy, Cary R., Bhavsar, Vipinchandra, Ohls, Robin K., Lacy, Conra Backstrom, Beauman, Sandra Sundquist, Brown, Sandra, Fernandez, Erika, Duncan, Andrea Freeman, Fuller, Janell, Kuan, Elizabeth, Lowe, Jean R., Schmidt, Barbara, Kirpalani, Haresh, DeMauro, Sara B., Dysart, Kevin C., Abbasi, Soraya, Mancini, Toni, Cucinotta, Dara M., Bernbaum, Judy C., Gerdes, Marsha, Hurt, Hallam, D'Angio, Carl, Lakshminrusimha, Satyan, Laroia, Nirupama, Myers, Gary J., Yost, Kelley, Guilford, Stephanie, Jensen, Rosemary L., Wynn, Karen, Farooq, Osman, Reynolds, Anne Marie, Wadkins, Holly I.M., Williams, Ashley, Merzbach, Joan, Conway, Patrick, Bowman, Melissa, Hartley-McAndrew, Michele, Zorn, William, Fallone, Cait, Binion, Kyle, Orme, Constance, Scorsone, Ann Marie, Brion, Luc P., Chalak, Lina F., Heyne, Roy J., Chen, Lijun, Vasil, Diana M., Adams, Sally S., Boatman, Catherine Twell, Guzman, Alicia, Heyne, Elizabeth T., Lee, Lizette E., Leps, Melissa H., Madden, Linda A., Miller, Nancy A., Ramon, Emma, Yoder, Bradley A., Osborne, Karen A., Spencer, Cynthia, Steele, R. Edison, Steffen, Mike, Strong, Karena, Weaver-Lewis, Kimberlee, Baker, Shawna, Winter, Sarah, Bird, Karie, Burnett, Jill, Sood, Beena G., Bara, Rebecca, Childs, Kirsten, De Jesus, Lilia C., Panaitescu, Bogdan, Chawla, Sanjay M.D., Prentice, Jeannette E., Goldston, Laura A., Woldt, Eunice Hinz, Natarajan, Girija, Bajaj, Monika, Barks, John, Christensen, Mary, Wiggins, Stephanie A., Laptook, Abbot R., Shankaran, Seetha, Barnes, Patrick, Rollins, Nancy, Do, Barbara T., Parikh, Nehal A., Hamrick, Shannon, Hintz, Susan R., Tyson, Jon E., Bell, Edward F., Ambalavanan, Namasivayam, Goldberg, Ronald N., Pappas, Athina, Huitema, Carolyn, Pedroza, Claudia, Chaudhary, Aasma S., Hensman, Angelita M., Das, Abhik, Wyckoff, Myra, Khan, Amir, Walsh, Michelle C., Watterberg, Kristi L., Faix, Roger, Truog, William, Guillet, Ronnie, Sokol, Gregory M., and Poindexter, Brenda B.

Published
2021
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44. Early Infant Attention as a Predictor of Social and Communicative Behavior in Childhood

Author

Bowers, Katherine, Khoury, Jane, Sucharew, Heidi, Xu, Yingying, Chen, Aimin, Lanphear, Bruce, and Yolton, Kimberly

Abstract

Background: The objective was to determine whether infant neurobehavior measured at five post-gestational weeks could predict social and communicative behavior (SCB) through five and eight years. Methods: Infant neurobehavior was assessed using the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioral Scale, and SCB was measured using the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS). Adjusted linear regression with generalized estimating equations were employed to estimate the association between infant neurobehavior and SCB. Interaction terms and stratification were used to identify potential effect modification by autism spectrum disorder risk factors. Results: The analyses include n = 214 and n = 227 participants who were examined at 5 weeks and followed to 4/5 and 8 years, respectively. Adjusting for maternal age, race, parity, and education as well as gestational age, only the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Network Neurobehavioral Scale summary score of "attention" (measured at mean 43.9 gestational weeks) was inversely associated with total SRS T-score through 5 years. However, in analyses stratified by maternal age, the inverse association between "attention" and SCB was significant, but only among offspring of women of advanced maternal age (=35 y); in addition, higher scores of "excitability," "lethargy," and "arousal" were associated with increased total SRS T scores among women of advanced maternal age. The associations were no longer statistically significant at 8 years. Conclusions: Newborns with lower scores on the attention subscale (determined by an ability to localize and track animate and inanimate objects) were more likely to demonstrate deficits in SCB. In addition, infants with increased excitability, lethargy, or increased arousal were more likely to have impaired SCB that persisted through 5 years, but not at 8 years of age. Further work is necessary to identify specific aspects of infant neurobehavior that may affect childhood SCBs.

Published
2019
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48. Environmental predictors of children's executive functioning development.

Author

Lynch, James D., Xu, Yingying, Yolton, Kimberly, Khoury, Jane C., Chen, Aimin, Lanphear, Bruce P., Cecil, Kim M., Braunh, Joseph M., and Epstein, Jeffery N.

Subjects
EXECUTIVE function, INCOME, PANEL analysis, PREGNANCY, PSYCHOSOCIAL factors, CHILD development, PARENT-infant relationships
Abstract

Executive functioning (EF) abilities develop through childhood, but this development can be impacted by various psychosocial environmental influences. Using longitudinal data from the Health Outcome and Measures of the Environment (HOME) Study, a prospective pregnancy and birth cohort study, we examined if psychosocial environmental factors were significant predictors of EF development. Study participants comprised 271 children and their primary caregivers (98.5% mothers) followed from birth to age 12. We identified four distinct EF developmental trajectory groups comprising a consistently impaired group (13.3%), a descending impairment group (27.7%), an ascending impairment group (9.95%), and a consistently not impaired group (49.1%). Higher levels of maternal ADHD and relational frustration appear to be risk factors for increased EF difficulty over time, while higher family income may serve as a protective factor delaying predisposed EF impairment. Important intervention targets might include teaching positive and effective parenting strategies to mothers whose children are at risk for EF dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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49. Early childhood sleep quantity, but not caregiver-reported sleep problems, predicts impulse control in children at age 8 years.

Author

Nigro, Sarah E., Peugh, James, Yolton, Kimberly, Chen, Aimin, Lanphear, Bruce P., and Beebe, Dean

Subjects
SLEEP duration, CONTINUOUS performance test, EXECUTIVE function, SLEEP, SLEEP quality, SCHOOL children, POOR children
Abstract

Short duration of sleep and poor sleep quality have been linked to poor attention and impulse control in children. We aimed to determine the longitudinal predictive value of sleep quantity and quality during early childhood on objective and caregiver-report measures of attention, impulse control, and executive function in children at age 8 years. We used data from the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment (HOME) Study, a pregnancy and birth cohort. Caregivers reported on their child's sleep at ages 2, 2.5, 3, 4, and 5 years. Analysis included 410 participants. We used longitudinal growth curve models of early childhood sleep patterns to predict neurobehavioral functioning at age 8 years. Sleep problems did not predict any of our outcome measures at age 8 years. Sleep duration trended shorter as children matured, so predictive models examined both intercept and slope. Children with the least decline in sleep duration across early childhood had fewer impulsive errors at age 8 years on a continuous performance test (unadjusted p = .013; adjusted p = .013). Children with shorter duration of sleep across early childhood had worse caregiver-reported behavioral regulation at age 8 years (unadjusted p = .002; adjusted p = .043). Neither sleep duration slope nor intercept predicted inattention or metacognitive skills at age 8 years (p > .05). Total sleep time across early childhood predicts behavior regulation difficulties in school-aged children. Inadequate sleep during early childhood may be a marker for, or contribute to, poor development of a child's self-regulatory skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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