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The aim of this study was to investigate the transgenerational associations between exposure to famine in early life and obesity.This study used the longitudinal data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey from 1989 to 2015. A total of 1113 fathers and 1207 mothers (946 mother-father pairs) born in 1955 to 1966 and 1895 adult offspring were included. Offspring were classified into subgroups according to the famine exposure of their parents (unexposed, maternal exposed, paternal exposed, parental exposed) and exposure timing (during fetal development, childhood).Maternal exposure to famine in early life was associated with elevated levels of BMI, waist circumference, overweight, and central obesity of their children, whereas paternal exposure was inversely associated with these measurements. Compared with children of unexposed parents (P0M0), the maternal exposed group (P0M1) had higher mean BMI, by 1.3 kg/mFetal and early childhood exposure to famine in parents may be associated with their children's risk of obesity during adulthood. A better understanding of the transgenerational associations is important for developing strategies to reduce obesity risk in future generations.

Dictenidia leigongshanensis sp. nov., is described and illustrated. It can be easily distinguished from the regional species by body colors. The new species represents the first record of Dictenidia from Guizhou Province, China.

Rhododendron leigongshanense, a new species from Leishan County, Guizhou Province, China, is described and illustrated. The new species is close to R. magniflorun W.K. Hu and R. glanduliferum Franchet, but differs by having stipitatus glands on leaf abaxial surface, corolla trumpet-shaped with 7 lobes, 7.5–8.0 cm long, 8–10 cm in diameter and calyx 7- lobed.Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon. 22(2): 119-123, 2015 (December)

The hole shape design of perforated brick directly affects thermal insulation performance of wall. In order to study the influence of shape, size and configuration of perforated brick on the insulation performance, six kinds of perforated brick with different hole shape were designed, and their temperature field were simulated with finite element method. The results show that the insulation performance of perforated brick with square hole is the best. Filling brick holes with thermal insulation materials can improve the insulation performance of perforated brick, Besides; The thermal conductivity of perforated brick affects its thermal resistance, so brick materials with low thermal conductivity should be developed for the achievement of energy-saving standard of wall thermal resistance.

The reverse flotation separation performance and mechanism of hematite and cellophane in the presence of RFP-138, a newly synthesized dephosphorization collector, were studied. Reverse flotation tests on monominerals and artificially mixed minerals of hematite and collophanite show that, this anionic collector performs excellently in reducing the phosphorus content in hematite. It can decrease the content of P in artificially mixed minerals from 1.05% to 0.12% and achieve the TFe recovery rate of 91.30%. The chemical behavior of solution and infrared spectra of RFP-138 were investigated to explore the selective collecting mechanism of RFP-138 to these two minerals.

The conventional structural design of wallboard of electrostatic precipitator casing uses the wall structure of stiffened flat sheet which consumes a great amount of steel. Consequently, a new structural idea was explored to optimize the conventional design which applied profiled steel sheet and located wall beam and wall column. The codes were written which designed and analyzed the wall structure of casing. On the basis of a practical project, as the design parameters were varying, the codes were used to automatically compute the strength, stability, stiffness and steel consumption of profiled steel sheet, wall beam and wall column of the corresponding design case. Then, the design with the minimum steel consumption was selected as the optimum one among all the cases which could satisfy the design requirements. The characteristics of the optimum section shape were generalized. The influence of structure layout on the minimum total steel consumption of casing wall structure was investigated. The total steel consumption of casing wall structure is comparatively small when wall column and wall beam divide the whole wallboard into several smaller blocks whose aspect ratio is about 1.6-2.9. Compared with the original wall structure of stiffened steel sheet, the optimized wall structure composed of profiled sheet, wall column and wall beam can save steel significantly which can be applied widely in large-scale electrostatic precipitator casing structures.

The features of the techniques of fast reducing roasting (FRR) and conventional magnetic roasting, as well as tremendous demands of iron ores in iron and steel industry of China, were briefly described. The test equipment suitable for FRR of fine-grained materials was introduced. Weakly magnetic materials with grain size of

A new double reverse flotation process was used to beneficiate the Yichang region collophanite of Hubei Province, China. Its final concentrate yield is 67.37%, P 2 O 5 grade is 32.17%, P 2 O 5 recovery is 87.80%, and the main impurities MgO, Fe 2 O 3 and Al 2 O 3 are 0.95%, 1.04%, 1.36%, respectively. The difficult problem was successfully solved that plentiful froths are bought by the cationic collector reverse flotation in collophanite beneficiation by adding inorganic froth regulator CA to the pulp. The defrothing mechanism was studied through mensurating surface tension and Zeta potential of the pulp after adding CA. It is found that the changing of surface tension and hoisting of Zeta potential may be the main reasons that froths become friable and break up.

A new hydrocyclone was designed with a volute chamber positioned prior to the inlet. Since the volute chamber prior to the inlet has a pre-sedimentation function due to the centrifugal sedimentation effect, coarse particles are concentrated on the outer side and fine particles are concentrated on the inner side as the particles reach the entrance of the hydrocyclone. Consequently, coarse particles in the hydrocyclone are easily separated into the underflow and fine particles are easily transferred into the overflow. As a result, the separation or classification performance of the hydrocyclone was improved effectively. Compared with the traditional type of hydrocyclone, this new type of hydrocyclone with a volute chamber before the inlet was shown to possess a much higher classification efficiency for fine particles.

Successful recovery of limonite from iron fines was achieved by using flocculation-high intensity magnetic separation (FIMS) and adding hydrolyzed and causticized flocculants according to the characteristic of iron fines. The separation results of the three iron samples are as follows: iron grade 66.77%–67.98% and the recovery of iron 69.26%–70.70% by the FIMS process with flocculants. The comparative results show that under the same separation conditions the FIMS process can effectively increase the recovery of iron by 10.97%–15.73%. The flowsheet results confirm the reliability of the process in a SHP high intensity magnetic separator. The concentrate product can be used as raw materials for direct reduction iron-smelting. The hydrolyzed and causticized flocculants can selectively flocculate fine feebly-magnetic iron mineral particles to increase their apparent separation sizes. The larger the separation size, the stronger the magnetic force. By comparing the separation results of the three samples it is found that among the three samples the higher the limonite content, the better the separation result. This means that the separation result relates closely to the flocculation process and the adding pattern of the flocculant.

To design the community-based tele-screening system for diabetic retinopathy and evaluate the feasibility of it.Cross-sectional study. The tele-screening system was based on non-mydriatic digital eye fundus camara photography and computer network technology. 109 type 2 diabetes mellitus residents were randomly selected for system evaluation, which included: (1) The consistency of the far visual acuity examined by an ophthalmologist and a trained inspector, evaluated by paired t-sample test; the consistency of diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy by tele-screening system and traditional screening method by ophthalmoscope, slit-lamp bimicroscope combined with non-contact lens after pupil dilation, evaluated by kappa value and intraclass coefficient correlation. (2) The proper compression ratio of the fundus photographs transferring through the internet, evaluated by intraclass coefficient correlation. (3) The working time for the tele-screening on the residents, comparing with the traditional screening method.The visual acuities of the 218 eyes in 109 residents examined by an ophthalmologist were0.05 in 13 eyes, between 0.05 and 0.3 in 61 eyes,or = 0.3 in 144 eyes. No significant difference was found between the vision acuity given by different examiner (t = -0.572, P = 0.568). 52 eyes were diagnosed as DR by traditional screening method, while 51 eyes were diagnosed as DR by the tele-screening method, so in DR diagnosis, high consistency were found with kappa value as 0.885, 95%CI 0.807 to 0.963, and in DR degree diagnosis with ICC value as 0.91, 95%CI 0.85 to 0.94. The most compression ratio of fundus photographs was as low as 15% (526 x 350). It took 5 to 7 minutes for the tele-screening system to examining and giving diagnosis of a diabetes mellitus resident, a little bit sooner than traditional screening method.This community-based tele-screening system can meet the requirements of mass screening for diabetic retinopathy.