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Pathophysiological mechanisms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are elusive and heterogeneous relationships have been reported among PTSD, Interleukin 10 (IL-10), and other factors after stresses. The present study aimed to longitudinally investigate associations of PTSD with environmental factors and genetic variation of rs1800872 at IL-10 gene.Symptoms of PTSD were measured by PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL-C) in 462 high school students at 6, 12, and 18 months after Wenchuan earthquake in China. Genotypes of IL-10 rs1800872 were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and verified by DNA sequencing.AA homozygotes had higher PTSD prevalence than C allele carriers only at 18 months in male, but not female subjects. PTSD prevalence at 18 months was lowered in all subjects except male AA homozygotes when compared to that at 6 months, and only in female C allele carriers when compared to that at 12 months. PCL-C scores at 18 months were decreased in all students but not in male AA homozygotes when compared to those at 6 months. IL-10 rs1800872 was associated with PTSD at 18 months. Patterns of predictors of PCL-C scores were different between AA homozygotes and C allele carriers at different times during the follow-up.There were different reciprocal actions of IL-10 rs1800872 with other potential factors or predictors on PTSD in a time-course and gender-dependent manner. Male students with IL-10 rs1800872 AA genotype had higher prevalence and slower recoveries of PTSD at late stage of the follow-up, suggesting requirements of special psychiatric care or drug supplementation at this stage.

Granular sludge is the basic unit of anaerobic granular systems, and the hydrodynamics of the sludge blanket is significantly governed by the granule characteristics. Although trapped bubble was one of the reasons to trigger granule floatation, until now, consensus has not been reached about the impact of bubble-entrapment on granule behavior and their spatial distribution in granular system. Besides, anaerobic granular sludge subjected to calcium-rich wastewater usually faced serious operational problems, leading to granule deactivation and sludge bed cementation. Bubble entrapment and calcium precipitation in granule change particle characteristics in opposite ways. In this study, a bubble entrapment model was proposed to infer the granule floatability based on the force balance between bubble-induced buoyancy and calcium precipitation-induced gravity. The results of the stratified sludge bed characterization conducted in two full-scale anaerobic reactors clearly present their diversified granule features in the vertical direction. The result shows that the lower boundary density for calcified granule was 1.10 × 103 kg/m3 and the most dynamic granules had a density ranged from 1.10 to 1.20 × 103 kg/m3. The comparative analysis of AnGS fluidization behavior and spatial distribution confirmed the reliability of the probabilistic prediction model of theoretical granule interception. Overall, these results contribute to an educated assumption into the understanding of the impact of granule density variation caused by biogas production and calcification on the formation of stratified sludge bed structure in anaerobic granular system.

Background To investigate changes of tissue factor (TF) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) in the acute phase of cardiogenic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). Methods A total of 152 patients with nonvalvular persistent AF, 103 cardiogenic stroke patients with nonvalvular persistent AF, and 126 cases with noncardiogenic stroke were enrolled. Non-AF patients (n = 138) without stroke served as controls. The clinical data, biochemical indicators, and plasma levels of von Willebrand factor (vWF), TF, and TFPI were determined. Results Compared with controls, the plasma levels of vWF and TF were significantly higher, while TFPI and TFPI/TF ratio were lower in noncardiogenic stroke patients (all P < 0.05). Compared with cardiogenic stroke patients, noncardiogenic stroke subjects showed significantly higher plasma vWF and TF levels while TFPI levels and TFPI/TF ratio were significantly lower (all P < 0.05). Compared with AF patients, plasma levels of vWF, TF, and TFPI were higher while TFPI/TF ratios were decreased in the cardiogenic ischemic stroke subjects (all P < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that a lower TFPI/TF ratio was an independent predictor of cardiogenic stroke in patients with nonvalvular AF (odds ratio = 3.78, 95% confidence interval: 1.86–7.31). Conclusions During the acute stage of stroke, TFPI/TF ratio is decreased in both cardiogenic and noncardiogenic stroke patients while plasma TFPI levels show divergent changes.

BACKGROUND Acute lung injury in children is a complicated disease linked to the inflammation response. MicroRNA (miRNA) plays a vital role in acute lung injury. However, the role of miR-30b-5p in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury is not clear. The purpose of our study was to investigate the alteration of miR-30b-5p, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), in children with acute lung injury, and also in a mouse model of acute lung injury induced by the endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). MATERIAL AND METHODS The levels of miR-30b-5p, SOCS3, FKN (fractalkine), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, NF-κB (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-8 were detected by ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), western blot, and qRT-PCR (quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction) assay. The alveolar permeability index and the ratio of wet weight/dry weight (W/D) were measured. Then, we examined the inflammation and apoptosis using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling) assay. Additionally, SOCS3 was investigated as a direct target of miR-30a-5p in RAW264.7 cells by dual-luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS Our study indicated that the level of miR-30b-5p was decreased and the levels of SOCS3, FKN, TNF-α, NF-κB, IL-6, and IL-8 were increased in lung tissue, serum, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of mice with acute lung injury induced by LPS. In addition, LPS increased alveolar permeability index and the ratio of W/D and induced inflammatory responses, including the activation of the NF-kB pathway in a mouse model. Furthermore, SOCS3 was confirmed to be a target of miR-30a-5p in RAW264.7 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our data demonstrated an important role for miR-30b-5p in acute lung injury inflammation and suggested that miR-30b-5p might be an important therapy target in children with acute lung injury.

To test the relationship not yet explored before among earthquake and related environmental factors, low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the genetic variation of LDLR rs5925 was selected and PTSD was examined by PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version (PCL C) in adolescents with different genotypes of LDLR rs5925 longitudinally at 6, 12 and 18 months after the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. The C allele carriers were observed to have higher PTSD prevalence than the TT homozygotes in the male subjects, and higher PTSD prevalence and PCL-C scores in the female subjects only at 6 months. When compared to that at 12 months, decreased PTSD prevalence was observed at 18 months only in the female C allele carriers, but not in the female TT homozygotes or the male subjects. The potential risk factors of PTSD and predictors of PCL-C scores were different during the follow-up. LDLR rs5925 was one of the predictors for PCL-C scores at 6 and 12 months, and one of the potential factors for PTSD prevalence at 6 months. These results suggest that interactions may occur between earthquakes and other related environmental factors, which could affect the relationship of LDLR rs5925 with PTSD and be considered for individualized treatment.

Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic systemic and autoimmune inflammatory disease ending with the destruction of joints. Current therapies can relieve RA symptoms, but some also bring severe adverse events. Therefore, an effective and safe therapeutic strategy remains to be crea

This paper proposed an energy-saving system which combination solar collectors for heating water system with heat pipe heat exchanger to recover kitchen waste heat. Its working principle is using heat pipe exchangers exhaust heat to warm the cold water from water storage tank, and during the day, take advantage of solar collectors to help heat pipe heat exchanger heating the water. In this design, the heat exchanger tank and the heat storage tank arranged independently, water tank associated control system was provided with automatic temperature regulator to control the opening and stopping of the pump. This system made full use of kitchen waste heat and solar to meet the kitchen cooking and cleaning process hot water supply needs.

In order to solve the problems of rapid rolling schedule optimization design, a combined method of experience and theory were presented in this paper for rapid regulation design . This study adopted the methods of mathematics link for excel as interface development plug-in interface , excel as a model parameter setting and mathematics as the underlying model calculation and optimization software. The new rolling parameters optimization design is obtain , using the experience of rolling method and the variable rolling force model. The design method of calculation results are accurate, rapid rolling parameters setting, model the characteristics of the freedom of choice

Before putting air conditioner into market, it must be checked strictly by inspection department. Balanced ambient room-type calorimeter chamber is used to measure the conditioner performance according to energy balance principle. At present, the principle of conservation of energy is a method with higher accuracy for air conditioner test. In this paper, we focus on introducing the measuring method of condensed water in the test system after explaining the principle of the air conditioning performance test balanced ambient room-type calorimeter chamber. it is used to balance the capacity measured in evaporator air conditioner by controlling the water inflow of the humidifier. In this way, can we achieve precise measuring the cooling capacity of the air conditioner.

To mines turning from open pit to underground mining with caving method as transition, air leakage of overburden layer in winter can lead to lower pit temperature, affecting their regular production. The paper is based on the theory of fluid flow in porous media, simulating wind velocity of overburden layer air leakage with FLUENT software and calculating influence of air leakage of the overburden layer on pit temperature under the condition of various porosities and thickness. The conclusion is drawn that overburden layer thickness is above 40m,air leakage influence on pit temperature is relatively little, thus offering scientific basis for rational overburden layer thickness and structure of open pit into underground mining.

The ultra-high speed data acquisition system is introduced, which has sampling rate of 3GSPS. The design scheme of hardware circuit is given in condition to analyze the theory and technology of signal sampling. The design of the main part circuit is described. The module of serial -parallel conversion and FFT spectrum analysis are designed in software realization. The system has strong commonality because of application of the ADC + FPGA + DSP framework.

Practical teaching is very important in training innovative and practical abilities of college students. On the basis of nonferrous metallurgy teaching characteristics, practical situation and deficiencies had been analyzed and the teaching reforms in the experiment, practice and design had been proposed. A variety of beneficial attempts have been carried out to strengthen the students engineering consciousness and application ability in the reform practice. Through the reform and practice on the teaching methods, it has reached the aim to cultivate the students and improve the quality of practice teaching.

In this paper,SWRH82B steel as the object of study,analysis of several typical drawing fracture tpyes to explore the reasons for fracture by SEM testing.The results show that:the type of slope-type fracture mainly due to cracks defects generated in surface of the wire rod;the Pen-shaped type fracture due to central segregation in the continuous casting process;whole flat brittle fracture mainly due to a serious slag in the continuous casting process.

In this paper,through combination research methods of Gambit modeling and Fuent solving,we has received the curve of nozzle pressure vector, vector of velocity and velocity change curve,Which has provided the effective analysis method for eliminating descaling ineffective and the steel plate surface defect. Minimum field pressure Locate in the middle of the nozzle and hit place,Maximum field pressure Locate in close to the body surface part;220mm is the maximum target distance;According to the formula-type fluid calculate,it can concluded that simulatere result is credible.

The bagasse fibers were activated by alkalize and etherified. 1,2-ethanediamine and carbon disulfide were used to modify the etherify fiber to get the chelate-fiber contained sulfur and nitrogen. The FTIR was used to characterize the xanthated aminating-fiber (XAF). The mechanism of sorption properties for heavy metal ions were studied. As the results shown, the optimal process to prepare the XAF was that the reaction time, concentration of NaOH and dosage of CS2 was 60min, 12% and 2mL, respectively. The chelate-fiber containing sulfur and nitrogen possessed high adsorption capacities for Cu(II) and the mechanism of sorption fitted the pseudo-second-order model well.

In this paper,Q345E steel as the object of study,analysis of several typical internal defects of UST to explore the reasons for failure caused by UST testing.The results show that: the center segregation of Mn/S is likely to induce center segregation structure of P+B with a whole cleaning micro-cracks,large size spherical oxide of Si/Ca is an important incentive for causing micro-cracks;Billet board defect detection defect likely to cause an important reason;crack at the alloying elements sharply higher than the matrix composition.Billet defects is an important reason to cause steel surface defects；the alloying elements in place nearing the crack sharply higher than the matrix composition.

The zero-cross modulation technology is a communication technology for distribution network, different from the traditional distribution network power line carrier communication technology. Its basic principle is to use the TWACS of the power frequency voltage fundamental wave to realize the signal transmission, and the modulation signal frequency is low It can be long-distance communication across the transformer. The data reliability and data through rate are high. It has broad application prospects in real-time communication less demanding situations. This paper first introduces the principle of the zero-cross modulation technology, and then details the generation and the identification of the voltage modulation signal. Practice shows that the transmission success rate of zero-cross modulation signal is up to100%. Meet the actual needs.

For the shipborne satellite antenna system，owing to the continuous change of the carrier’s position and pose as the time passing, we must conduct real-time measurement on the pose of satellite antenna, so that the satellite can be aimed through servo control system. In this paper, the hardware and software about the shipborne satellite antenna system are introduced. Three-dimensional closed-loop servo control system which is made of three kinds of pose sensors is implemented to isolate the links between the antenna pose and the carrier’s position and pose. FSK serial communication is adopted to realize a reliable control commands and data transmission between the control unit above the deck and the control unit under the deck. Conical spiral scan based on the best AGC signal realizes automatic tracking satellite and locking it. The result of the examination shows that the pointing of antenna is of steadiness, precision(the point precision is less than 0.3 degrees), real time and speediness(the capture time is less than 25 seconds ).

A gray lattice Boltzmann model (LBM) for the simulation of power-law fluid through porous media is proposed in this paper. The constitutive equation of power-law fluid is introduced into the model by relating the relaxation time of the original gray LBM to the local shear rate, which is calculated using a new scheme to avoid dealing with the derivative of the velocity. The model is validated by simulating the Poiseuille flow of power-law fluid between two infinite parallel plates filled with homogeneous porous media. When the solid volume fraction ns(x) = 0, i.e. the flow degenerates into free flow of power-law fluid (no solid matrix), and when the solid volume fraction ns(x) > 0, the numerical results agree well with the theoretical predictions. Darcy's law of power-law fluid through the homogeneous porous media is confirmed by our numerical results. A power-relation between the drag force induced by the porous matrix and the particle distribution functions is found. Using this model, the slip velocity of power-law fluid at the interface of porous media is studied. The results indicate that the slip velocity of power-law fluid at the porous interface increases as the power index increases for a given porous medium, and increases as the porosity of the porous media increases for a given power-law fluid.

Analytical solutions of Couette–Poiseuille flow of Bingham fluids between two porous parallel plates are derived. This study extends the work of Tsangaris et al. [S. Tsangaris, C. Nikas, G. Tsangaris, P. Neofytou, Couette flow of a Bingham plastic in a channel with equally porous parallel walls, J. Non-Newtonian Fluid Mech. 144 (2007) 42–48] to a general situation where the slip effect at the porous walls is considered. It is found that the form of the flow inside the channel depends not only on the Bingham number Bn, the Couette number Co (related to the moving wall) and the transverse Reynolds number Re, but also on the slip parameter Cs at the porous walls. In both the Co–Re diagram and the Co–Bn diagram, the region where plug flow appears enlarges as the slip effect increases, especially in the case where Co is negative. In the case where plug flow and double shear flow coexist, the transverse position of the plug flow and the shear rate at the boundaries exhibit two opposite behaviors when Cs increases, depending on the value of the other three dimensionless numbers. In other cases, slippage always weakens the shearing deformation of the flow.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a highly effective chemotherapeutic agent related to dose-dependent cardiomyopathy. Recent evidence suggests that erythropoietin (EPO) can play a protective role in cardiovascular diseases by non-erythropoietic effects. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that EPO may protect against DOX-induced cardiomyopathy through anti-apoptotic mechanisms both in vitro and in vivo.Isolated neonatal Wistar rat cardiomyocytes were treated with vehicle, DOX with or without EPO, or EPO. Twenty-four hours later, the cells were used to determine cardiomyocyte apoptosis (TUNEL assay). Cardiomyopathy was induced in Wistar rats by intraperitoneal injections (IP) of DOX (2.5 mg/kg, six times for 2 weeks). EPO (2,500 U/kg, six times for 2 weeks) was administered simultaneously in the DOX+EPO group and the EPO group. Two weeks after the last administration, cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography and invasive haemodynamic measurements. Rats were then sacrificed for histological and TUNEL analyses, with immunological detection for cardiac Troponin-T (cTnT), alpha-actinin, Bax and Bcl-2.EPO significantly ameliorated DOX-induced apoptosis of cultured cardiomyocytes as demonstrated by TUNEL assay. In the rat model, cardiac function significantly decreased in the DOX group. In contrast, the DOX+EPO group showed considerable improvement in cardiac function, inhibition of cardiomyocyte apoptosis, reduction of fibrosis, as well as up-regulation of Bcl-2 protein expression.Our results suggest that EPO exerts preventive cardioprotective effects on DOX-induced cardiomyopathy via anti-apoptotic pathways. The up-regulation of Bcl-2 protein expression may contribute to this.

The thermal denaturation of bovine fibrinogen has been investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry measurements were carried out while changing the scan-rate. The transition at 57 degrees C was found to be irreversible and highly scan-rate dependent, suggesting that the denaturation is, at least in part, under kinetic control. The secondary structural changes at various temperatures were monitored by far-ultraviolet CD spectroscopy. These results show that the DSC transition for the thermal denaturation of bovine fibrinogen can be interpreted in terms of a kinetic process, N --> F, where k is a first-order kinetic constant that changes with temperature according to the Arrhenius equation. An important transition peak was observed at 78.8 degrees C which is attributed to the C-terminal parts of the Aalpha chains of fibrinogen.

To develop a simple scoring system based on preprocedural clinical features that is capable of predicting contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) before percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).CI-AKI is associated with increased in-hospital morbidity and mortality, prolonged hospitalization, and long-term renal impairment. Although several scoring methods have been developed to determine risk of CI-AKI, no simple scoring method based on PCI preprocedural clinical features yet exists for Chinese patients.A total of 2,500 Chinese patients were randomly and retrospectively assigned in a 3:2 manner to create a training and validation dataset, respectively. CI-AKI was defined as an increase of ≥25% or ≥0.5 mg/dL serum creatinine within 5 days after PCI. Preprocedural clinical variables showing independent correlation to CI-AKI were used to derive the risk score from the training dataset and then subsequently tested in the validation dataset. The odds ratios from multivariate logistic regression were used to assign a weighted integer to age ≥70 years = 4, history of myocardial infarction = 5, diabetes mellitus = 4, hypotension = 6, left ventricular ejection fraction ≤45% = 4, anemia = 3, creatinine clearance rate60 mL/min = 7, decreased high-density lipoprotein1 mmol/L= 3, and urgent PCI = 3. Summation of the integers represented the total risk score.The overall incidence of CI-AKI in the training dataset was 16.4% [246/1500; 5.4% for low (≤7) and 61.3% for very high (≥17) risk scores]. The rates of CI-AKI, 1-year dialysis, and 1-year mortality increased significantly with each group (Cochran-Armitage test of trend, P0.001). The risk score facilitated appropriate classification of patients with low and high risk for CI-AKI after PCI in the validation dataset (c-statistic = 0.82).Risk classification based on the most significantly correlated parameters is useful for predicting CI-AKI before contrast exposure. The simple preprocedural score showed excellent predictive ability for identifying patients at high risk of nephropathy and those with deteriorative prognosis after PCI.

To develop a simplified risk scoring system of contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).A retrospective study was performed on 1500 patients in the development set undergoing PCI from January 2008 to December 2009. And 1000 patients treated from January 2010 to May 2011 were selected for the validation set. Logistic regression analysis was applied to identify the risk factors of CIN. Based on the odds ratio, the sum of integers was a total risk score for each patient.(1) Among them, CIN occurred in 246 patients with an overall incidence of 16.4%. (2) Eleven identified variables were identified as the risk factors of CIN (with weighted integer): diabetes (3 scores), hypotension (3 scores), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF ≤ 45%) (3 scores), eGFR60 [ml×min(-1)·(1.73 m(2))(-1)] (3 scores), age70 years (2 scores), myocardial infarction (2 scores), emergency PCI (2 scores), anemia (2 scores), decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) concentration (1 mmol/L) (2 scores), contrast agent dose200 ml (2 scores) and low permeability contrast agent (1 score). (3) The sum of integers was a total risk score for each patient. The incidence of CIN was 5.2% in the low-risk group (≤ 4), 13.6% in the moderate-risk group (5 - 10), 32.3% in the high-risk group (11 - 14) and 59.0% in the very-high-risk group (≥ 15). (4) Good discriminative power was found in the validation population. And the risk score was strongly correlated with CIN (c-statistic = 0.82).This scoring system provides a good estimate of the risk of CIN after PCI. It may be used for the prevention and treatment of CIN.

Principles of design and production of dual-layer sub-wavelength grating microstructures are analyzed thoroughly. Novel methods for designing and fabricating such structures, with the characteristics of using rectangular grating index profiles when designed and using holographic interference lithography and coating processes when produced, are proposed. Microstructures fabricated by use of this method, will have the same resonant and optically variable properties with pre-designed structures, even improving its color qualities of lights reflected. A sub-wavelength security microstructure with the unique performances of red-green resonant complementary optically variability in color was designed and manufactured successfully and its resonant optically variable spectrum and color changing characteristics were verified theoretically and experimentally. Study results indicate that sinusoidal grating microstructures manufactured have the same resonant and optically variable characteristics, such as the resonant spectrum, color, spectral peak and peak splits, etc. with the pre-designed structures. A rectangular index profile grating is not the necessary requirement to produce resonance behaviors and the grating regions can have any profile such as the holographic type as long as its diffraction characteristics and equivalent waveguide representation are the same with the designed rectangular grating microstructures. The methods proposed are feasible in practice, lowering the making complexity and with potential of low-cost mass production commercially by use of the current holographic manufacture equipments.

Double tachycardia is a relatively uncommon type of tachycardia. In this report, we discuss a 68-year-old woman with history of frequent palpitations. Electrophysiologic study revealed that narrow QRS tachycardias from 2 origins and 1 wide QRS tachycardia were induced and each of the tachycardias was induced by the other. We found that 2 focal atrial tachycardias and 1 ventricular tachycardia originated from right ventricular outflow tract. All of these tachycardias were successfully ablated during one session, and no recurrence appeared during 10 months of follow-up.

A security grating structure, intercross cascaded dual-layer resonant sub-wavelength grating structure, is presented. It can broaden the resonant wavelength width of resonant sub-wavelength gratings and obtain the better optical variable effect. The full-width-at half-maximum (FWHM) broadening mechanism of security grating structures is analyzed. The FWHM is dependent on the energy coupled into the grating waveguide layer. The grating structure parameters are optimized and designed. The resonance performance and grating fabrication tolerances are also studied numerically using the vector diffraction theory (the rigorous coupled wave theory). Simulation results indicate that the value of the spectral resonant peak for the security grating structure is not decreased as the incident angle increases or decreases and the maximum FWHM of different depth of grating grooves is about seven times that of the basic resonant grating structure. The resonant dual grating waveguide structure is a kind of security grating configuration with the potential to achieve higher industry application value and its resonance performance is not sensitive to manufacture errors.

The increase of the protein transition enthalpy upon adsorption onto biomedical material surfaces was observed by measuring the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) traces of bovine fibrinogen adsorbed onto a hydroxyapatite surface. The mechanism causing the transition enthalpy increase upon adsorption was clarified by using DSC measurements of bovine fibrinogen for different ionic strength and sodium dodecyl sulfate concentrations. The results suggest that the increased fibrinogen transition enthalpy may be attributed to the electrostatic interactions between the carboxyl of the D domains and the calcium loci of hydroxyapatite, which may result in a more compact protein structure.

The application of mathematical morphology to ECG signal processing is described in this paper and the prospects for the application of mathematical morphology are given too.

目的 探讨在综合ICU镇痛镇静患者护理方面实施每日唤醒疗法护理的方法和效果。方法 选择在ICU进行持续镇痛镇静治疗>24h的患者共90例，实施每日唤醒和相应护理计划并观察记录。结果 实施每日唤醒后，镇痛镇静药物用量减少，机械通气时间减少，与镇静相关的躁动、谵妄事件减少，住ICU时间缩短。结论 ICU镇痛镇静患者实施每日唤醒可有利于其疾病恢复，减少镇静相关不良事件，值得临床关注，但必须加强病情监测和安全护理。

To reveal the association of 4G/5G polymorphism in the promoter region of the plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 gene (PAI1) with plasma PAI1 level in deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in Chinese Han ethnic group.One hundred and twenty Chinese DVT patients and 120 healthy controls were recruited. The PAI1 promoter 4G/5G polymorphism was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The antigen of tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) or PAI1 was quantified by a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in DVT cases and health controlsì respectively.Neither in the distribution of PAI1 promoter 4G/5G polymorphism nor in the frequencies of 4G and 5G allele was there a difference between two groups. The levels of PAI1 antigen in the carriers of the 4G/4G genotype were significantly higher than those either in the 4G/5G genotype or in the 5G/5G genotype; In the 4G/5G genotype or in the 5G/5G genotype the TG levels are an independently determinant factor of PAI1 antigen levels.There is a close relationship of the PAI1 4G/5G polymorphism to its plasma level in deep vein thrombosis in Chinese Han ethnic group, although lack of association between this genetic variation and risk of DVT suggest no major cause-effect pathogenic role of this polymorphism by itself.

Excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) is important in repairing DNA damage and genomic instability, and polymorphisms in ERCC1 may play a role in human tumors. In this study, the relationship of two ERCC1 polymorphisms, 8092C > A and 19007G > A, with susceptibility to acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) was investigated in 183 childhood patients. For the ERCC1 8092C > A polymorphism, individuals carrying the ERCC1 8092CC genotype had a significantly higher risk when compared with those carrying at least one A allele gene (AA/AC). Analysis after stratification for sex showed that the males carrying ERCC1 8092CC genotype were associated with highly significant increased risk of ALL (1.94-fold) but not females. There was no association between ERCC1 19007G > A polymorphism and ALL risk when all patients as a group were analyzed. However, the males carrying ERCC119007A allele were associated with highly significant increased risk of ALL (2.36-fold). For the ERCC1 8092C > A polymorphism, individuals under 8 years old (median age) carrying CC genotype had significantly higher risk. However, the 19007G > A polymorphism was not associated with such age-related ALL risk. These results suggest that the ERCC1 8092C > A polymorphism may be related to the occurrence of childhood ALL in a Chinese population.

To observe the changes of angiotensin II (ATII) and ATII type-1 receptor (AT1R) during the development of chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIHO)-induced hypertension in rats, and the effect in the mechanism of CIHO-induced hypertension.Seventy-two male Wistar rats were divided into three groups:intermittent hypoxia group (IH), sham control group (SC) and control group (UC). By using supply of nitrogen (30 s each cycle) followed by compressed air (30 s each cycle) into the exposure chambers (4% - 6% nadir ambient oxygen with return to 21%), IH rats were subjected to intermittent hypoxia every 60 s for 8 h/d during the diurnal sleep period. SC rats were similarly treated but received compressed air instead of nitrogen. UC rats were not treated. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), the levels of ATII and renin activity (RA) in plasma as well as the expression of AT1R mRNA in tissue were measured on day 7, 21 and 42 after experiment.MAP was significantly elevated in IH rats [(102.2 +/- 6.2) mm Hg, 1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa] compared with initial MAP [(94.1 +/- 4.3) mm Hg, P0.01] and compared with that in SC [(95.7 +/- 3.6) mm Hg], UC [(97.2 +/- 3.6) mm Hg, all P0.05] on day 42. The levels of ATII and RA in plasma in IH rats increased gradually over time, and RA started to increase significantly on day 7 [(3.86 +/- 1.25) ng.ml(-1).h(-1)] compared with that in SC [(2.73 +/- 0.98) ng.ml(-1).h(-1)], UC [(2.55 +/- 0.87) ng.ml(-1).h(-1), all P0.05], and ATII started to increase significantly on day 21 [(214 +/- 41) ng/L] compared with that in SC [(124 +/- 21) ng/L], UC [(121 +/- 18) ng/L, all P0.01]. The RA and ATII levels in plasma showed positive correlation with MAP (r = 0.529, P = 0.008; r = 0.475, P = 0.019 respectively). The expression of AT1R mRNA in heart, kidney and aorta in IH rats showed no differences compared with that in SC and UC group (all P0.05). All indices were not different between SC and UC rats at any time point (all P0.05).CIHO can cause the levels of circulating RA and ATII to increase, but has no effects on AT1R mRNA expression in tissue, which suggests that activated renin-angiotensin system may contribute to the pathogenesis of CIHO-induced hypertension.

To study the changes in tissue plasminogen activator(t-PA) protein in pulmonary artery and its clinical significance after acute pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE).Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into four groups after replicating a model of acute PTE in rabbit by thrombi occlusion method. Specimens were obtained from both normal and morbid pulmonary artery 3, 8 and 24 hours after APE, and protein contents of t-PA were determined using immunohistochemical method.A few endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells of the normal pulmonary artery were positive for t-PA. After 3 hours of PTE, there was no significant changes in t-PA positive stain among embolismic, non-embolismic and normal pulmonary artery. After 8 and 24 hours of PTE, strong positive staining was found in the residual endothelial cells and a part of smooth muscle cells (all P0.01).There is significantly strong positive staining for t-PA in the pulmonary artery wall after pulmonary embolism, implying that the local fibrinolysis activity was enhanced, and it might be helpful for lysis of the embolus.

BACKGROUND: Tissue factor (TF) is the initiation factor of the extrinsic coagulation pathway, and plays a critical role in the process of thrombosis. This study aimed to investigate the expression of TF and to explore their clinical effect on the pulmonary artery after acute pulmonary thromboembolism. METHODS: Thirty-four Japanese white rabbits (Level II animals) supplied by Tianjin Medical University were randomly assigned into: group A, specimens of the pulmonary artery taken 3 hours after pulmonary embolism ( n=8); group B, specimens of the pulmonary artery taken 8 hours after pulmonary embolism ( n=8); group C, specimens of the pulmonary artery taken 24 hours after pulmonary embolism ( n=8); and control group, pseudo-operations performed without injection of autologous blood clots ( n=10). The animal model of pulmonary thrombo-embolism was established by injection of autologous blood clots into the jugular vein through a 5F catheter, and was confi rmed by digital subtraction angiography. The mRNA expression of TF in different parts of the pulmonary artery was accessed by RT-PCR. The q test was used if there was a signifi cant difference in a given continuous variable among the three groups assessed by ANOVA. The experiment equipment was supplied by the State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College. RESULTS: The TF expression in the specimen adjacent to emboli was stable at 3, 8 or 24 hours after embolism. The mRNA expression of TF at 3 and 8 hours after embolism was lower in the specimens taken from the distal end of the morbid pulmonary artery than those adjacent to emboli. While at 24 hours after embolism, there were similar mRNA levels in specimens either adjacent or distal to emboli. CONCLUSION: The high level of TF expression in pulmonary artery tissue adjacent to emboli could lead to locally increased coagulation activity, indicating the necessity of initiating anticoagulation treatment as soon as possible after acute pulmonary embolism.