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8. Dual Labor Market and the 'Phillips Curve Puzzle'

Author

Aoyama, Hideaki, Di Guilmi, Corrado, Fujiwara, Yoshi, and Yoshikawa, Hiroshi

Subjects
Quantitative Finance - General Finance, Economics - General Economics
Abstract

Low inflation was once a welcome to both policy makers and the public. However, Japan's experience during the 1990's changed the consensus view on price of economists and central banks around the world. Facing deflation and zero interest bound at the same time, Bank of Japan had difficulty in conducting effective monetary policy. It made Japan's stagnation unusually prolonged. Too low inflation which annoys central banks today is translated into the "Phillips curve puzzle". In the US and Japan, in the course of recovery from the Great Recession after the 2008 global financial crisis, the unemployment rate had steadily declined to the level which was commonly regarded as lower than the natural rate or NAIRU. And yet, inflation stayed low. In this paper, we consider a minimal model of dual labor market to explore what kind of change in the economy makes the Phillips curve flat. The level of bargaining power of workers, the elasticity of the supply of labor to wage in the secondary market, and the composition of the workforce are the main factors in explaining the flattening of the Phillips curve. We argue that the changes we consider in the model, in fact, has plausibly made the Phillips curve flat in recent years., Comment: 22 pages, 8 figures and 1 table

Published
2021

9. Business Cycle: The Role of Aggregate Demand

Author

Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, Sato, Ryuzo, Editor-in-Chief, Mino, Kazuo, Series Editor, Hori, Hajime, Managing Editor, Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, Managing Editor, Ihori, Toshihiro, Managing Editor, Honda, Yuzo, Editorial Board Member, Ishikawa, Jota, Editorial Board Member, Ito, Kunio, Editorial Board Member, Iwai, Katsuhito, Editorial Board Member, Negishi, Takashi, Editorial Board Member, Nishimura, Kiyohiko, Editorial Board Member, Okazaki, Tetsuji, Editorial Board Member, Ono, Yoshiyasu, Editorial Board Member, Shintaku, Junjiro, Editorial Board Member, Suto, Megumi, Editorial Board Member, Tomiura, Eiichi, Editorial Board Member, and Yamaguchi, Kazuo, Editorial Board Member

Published
2022
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10. Prices, Wages, and Monetary Policy

Author

Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, Sato, Ryuzo, Editor-in-Chief, Mino, Kazuo, Series Editor, Hori, Hajime, Managing Editor, Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, Managing Editor, Ihori, Toshihiro, Managing Editor, Honda, Yuzo, Editorial Board Member, Ishikawa, Jota, Editorial Board Member, Ito, Kunio, Editorial Board Member, Iwai, Katsuhito, Editorial Board Member, Negishi, Takashi, Editorial Board Member, Nishimura, Kiyohiko, Editorial Board Member, Okazaki, Tetsuji, Editorial Board Member, Ono, Yoshiyasu, Editorial Board Member, Shintaku, Junjiro, Editorial Board Member, Suto, Megumi, Editorial Board Member, Tomiura, Eiichi, Editorial Board Member, and Yamaguchi, Kazuo, Editorial Board Member

Published
2022
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11. Summing Up

Author

Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, Sato, Ryuzo, Editor-in-Chief, Mino, Kazuo, Series Editor, Hori, Hajime, Managing Editor, Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, Managing Editor, Ihori, Toshihiro, Managing Editor, Honda, Yuzo, Editorial Board Member, Ishikawa, Jota, Editorial Board Member, Ito, Kunio, Editorial Board Member, Iwai, Katsuhito, Editorial Board Member, Negishi, Takashi, Editorial Board Member, Nishimura, Kiyohiko, Editorial Board Member, Okazaki, Tetsuji, Editorial Board Member, Ono, Yoshiyasu, Editorial Board Member, Shintaku, Junjiro, Editorial Board Member, Suto, Megumi, Editorial Board Member, Tomiura, Eiichi, Editorial Board Member, and Yamaguchi, Kazuo, Editorial Board Member

Published
2022
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12. Stochastic Macroequilibrium: A Microfoundation for Keynesian Economics

Author

Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, Sato, Ryuzo, Editor-in-Chief, Mino, Kazuo, Series Editor, Hori, Hajime, Managing Editor, Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, Managing Editor, Ihori, Toshihiro, Managing Editor, Honda, Yuzo, Editorial Board Member, Ishikawa, Jota, Editorial Board Member, Ito, Kunio, Editorial Board Member, Iwai, Katsuhito, Editorial Board Member, Negishi, Takashi, Editorial Board Member, Nishimura, Kiyohiko, Editorial Board Member, Okazaki, Tetsuji, Editorial Board Member, Ono, Yoshiyasu, Editorial Board Member, Shintaku, Junjiro, Editorial Board Member, Suto, Megumi, Editorial Board Member, Tomiura, Eiichi, Editorial Board Member, and Yamaguchi, Kazuo, Editorial Board Member

Published
2022
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13. Financial Markets and the Real Economy

Author

Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, Sato, Ryuzo, Editor-in-Chief, Mino, Kazuo, Series Editor, Hori, Hajime, Managing Editor, Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, Managing Editor, Ihori, Toshihiro, Managing Editor, Honda, Yuzo, Editorial Board Member, Ishikawa, Jota, Editorial Board Member, Ito, Kunio, Editorial Board Member, Iwai, Katsuhito, Editorial Board Member, Negishi, Takashi, Editorial Board Member, Nishimura, Kiyohiko, Editorial Board Member, Okazaki, Tetsuji, Editorial Board Member, Ono, Yoshiyasu, Editorial Board Member, Shintaku, Junjiro, Editorial Board Member, Suto, Megumi, Editorial Board Member, Tomiura, Eiichi, Editorial Board Member, and Yamaguchi, Kazuo, Editorial Board Member

Published
2022
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14. Statistical Physics and Macroeconomics

Author

Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, Sato, Ryuzo, Editor-in-Chief, Mino, Kazuo, Series Editor, Hori, Hajime, Managing Editor, Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, Managing Editor, Ihori, Toshihiro, Managing Editor, Honda, Yuzo, Editorial Board Member, Ishikawa, Jota, Editorial Board Member, Ito, Kunio, Editorial Board Member, Iwai, Katsuhito, Editorial Board Member, Negishi, Takashi, Editorial Board Member, Nishimura, Kiyohiko, Editorial Board Member, Okazaki, Tetsuji, Editorial Board Member, Ono, Yoshiyasu, Editorial Board Member, Shintaku, Junjiro, Editorial Board Member, Suto, Megumi, Editorial Board Member, Tomiura, Eiichi, Editorial Board Member, and Yamaguchi, Kazuo, Editorial Board Member

Published
2022
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15. Demand Saturation and Economic Growth—Where Keynes and Schumpeter Meet

Author

Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, Sato, Ryuzo, Editor-in-Chief, Mino, Kazuo, Series Editor, Hori, Hajime, Managing Editor, Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, Managing Editor, Ihori, Toshihiro, Managing Editor, Honda, Yuzo, Editorial Board Member, Ishikawa, Jota, Editorial Board Member, Ito, Kunio, Editorial Board Member, Iwai, Katsuhito, Editorial Board Member, Negishi, Takashi, Editorial Board Member, Nishimura, Kiyohiko, Editorial Board Member, Okazaki, Tetsuji, Editorial Board Member, Ono, Yoshiyasu, Editorial Board Member, Shintaku, Junjiro, Editorial Board Member, Suto, Megumi, Editorial Board Member, Tomiura, Eiichi, Editorial Board Member, and Yamaguchi, Kazuo, Editorial Board Member

Published
2022
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16. Why Are the Standard Microfoundations Wrong?

Author

Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, Sato, Ryuzo, Editor-in-Chief, Mino, Kazuo, Series Editor, Hori, Hajime, Managing Editor, Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, Managing Editor, Ihori, Toshihiro, Managing Editor, Honda, Yuzo, Editorial Board Member, Ishikawa, Jota, Editorial Board Member, Ito, Kunio, Editorial Board Member, Iwai, Katsuhito, Editorial Board Member, Negishi, Takashi, Editorial Board Member, Nishimura, Kiyohiko, Editorial Board Member, Okazaki, Tetsuji, Editorial Board Member, Ono, Yoshiyasu, Editorial Board Member, Shintaku, Junjiro, Editorial Board Member, Suto, Megumi, Editorial Board Member, Tomiura, Eiichi, Editorial Board Member, and Yamaguchi, Kazuo, Editorial Board Member

Published
2022
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21. Calcium phosphate controls nucleation and growth of calcium oxalate crystal phases in kidney stones

Author

MICHIBATA, Uta, primary, MARUYAMA, Mihoko, additional, TANAKA, Yutaro, additional, YOSHIMURA, Masashi, additional, YOSHIKAWA, Hiroshi, additional, TAKANO, Kazufumi, additional, FURUKAWA, Yoshihiro, additional, MOMMA, Koichi, additional, TAJIRI, Rie, additional, TAGUCHI, Kazumi, additional, HAMAMOTO, Shuzo, additional, OKADA, Atsushi, additional, KOHRI, Kenjiro, additional, YASUI, Takahiro, additional, USAMI, Shigeyoshi, additional, IMANISHI, Masashi, additional, and MORI, Yusuke, additional

Published
2024
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22. MP29-06 A NEW SURGICAL TECHNOLOGY WITH FEMTOSECOND LASERS TOWARDS NO THERMAL INJURY IN ENDOSCOPIC SURGERY

Author

Tanaka, Yutaro, primary, Yoshimura, Yudai, additional, Hamamoto, Shuzo, additional, Tajiri, Rie, additional, Takano, Kazufumi, additional, Yoshimura, Masashi, additional, Okada, Atsushi, additional, Mizuho-ku, Sawatari-cho, additional, Kohri, Kenjiro, additional, Yasui, Takahiro, additional, Mori, Yusuke, additional, Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, additional, and Maruyama, Mihoko, additional

Published
2024
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35. The Impact of Crystal Phase Transition on the Hardness and Structure of Kidney Stones

Author

Maruyama, Mihoko, primary, Michibata, Uta, additional, Tanaka, Yutaro, additional, Yoshimura, Masashi, additional, Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, additional, Takano, Kazufumi, additional, Furukawa, Yoshihiro, additional, Momma, Koichi, additional, Tajiri, Rie, additional, Taguchi, Kazumi, additional, Hamamoto, Shuzo, additional, Okada, Atsushi, additional, Kohri, Kenjiro, additional, Yasui, Takahiro, additional, Usami, Shigeyoshi, additional, Imanishi, Masayuki, additional, and Mori, Yusuke, additional

Published
2024
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36. Advanced Interferometry with 3-D Structured Illumination Reveals the Surface Fine Structure of Complex Biospecimens

Author

Matsuzaki, Takahisa, primary, Kawamura, Ryuzo, additional, Yamamoto, Akihisa, additional, Takahashi, Hozumi, additional, Fujii, Mai, additional, Togo, Shodai, additional, Yoneyama, Yosuke, additional, Hakuno, Fumihiko, additional, Takahashi, Shin-Ichiro, additional, Suganuma, Masami, additional, Nakabayashi, Seiichiro, additional, Sharma, Shivani, additional, Gimzewski, James K., additional, and Yoshikawa, Hiroshi Y., additional

Published
2024
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46. Erratum to “Association between periodontal disease and pericardial adipose tissue in patients with cardiovascular disease” [American Heart Journal Plus: Cardiol. Res. and Pract. Volume 30, 2023, 100,298]

Author

Kanno, Yoshinori, primary, Yonetsu, Taishi, additional, Aoyama, Norio, additional, Shiheido-Watanabe, Yuka, additional, Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, additional, Ohmori, Mari, additional, Tashiro, Akira, additional, Niida, Takayuki, additional, Matsuda, Yuji, additional, Araki, Makoto, additional, Usui, Eisuke, additional, Hada, Hiroto, additional, Umemoto, Tomoyuki, additional, Maejima, Yasuhiro, additional, Isobe, Mitsuaki, additional, Iwata, Takanori, additional, and Sasano, Tetsuo, additional

Published
2023
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47. Direct Evidence for Synchronization in Japanese Business Cycle

Author

Ikeda, Yuichi, Aoyama, Hideaki, Iyetomi, Hiroshi, and Yoshikawa, Hiroshi

Subjects
Quantitative Finance - Statistical Finance
Abstract

We have analyzed the Indices of Industrial Production (Seasonal Adjustment Index) for a long period of 240 months (January 1988 to December 2007) to develop a deeper understanding of the economic shocks. The angular frequencies estimated using the Hilbert transformation, are almost identical for the 16 industrial sectors. Moreover, the partial phase locking was observed for the 16 sectors. These are the direct evidence of the synchronization in the Japanese business cycle. We also showed that the information of the economic shock is carried by the phase time-series. The common shock and individual shocks are separated using phase time-series. The former dominates the economic shock in all of 1992, 1998 and 2001. The obtained results suggest that the business cycle may be described as a dynamics of the coupled limit-cycle oscillators exposed to the common shocks and random individual shocks., Comment: 14 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Evolutionary and Institutional Economics Review

Published
2013

48. Equilibrium Distribution of Labor Productivity: A Theoretical Model

Author

Aoyama, Hideaki, Iyetomi, Hiroshi, and Yoshikawa, Hiroshi

Subjects
Quantitative Finance - Statistical Finance, Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability, Physics - Physics and Society
Abstract

We construct a theoretical model for equilibrium distribution of workers across sectors with different labor productivity, assuming that a sector can accommodate a limited number of workers which depends only on its productivity. A general formula for such distribution of productivity is obtained, using the detail-balance condition necessary for equilibrium in the Ehrenfest-Brillouin model. We also carry out an empirical analysis on the average number of workers in given productivity sectors on the basis of an exhaustive dataset in Japan. The theoretical formula succeeds in explaining the two distinctive observational facts in a unified way, that is, a Boltzmann distribution with negative temperature on low-to-medium productivity side and a decreasing part in a power-law form on high productivity side., Comment: 11pages, 5 figures, and 1 table

Published
2012

49. What Causes Business Cycles? Analysis of the Japanese Industrial Production Data

Author

Iyetomi, Hiroshi, Nakayama, Yasuhiro, Yoshikawa, Hiroshi, Aoyama, Hideaki, Fujiwara, Yoshi, Ikeda, Yuichi, and Souma, Wataru

Subjects
Quantitative Finance - General Finance, Quantitative Finance - Computational Finance
Abstract

We explore what causes business cycles by analyzing the Japanese industrial production data. The methods are spectral analysis and factor analysis. Using the random matrix theory, we show that two largest eigenvalues are significant. Taking advantage of the information revealed by disaggregated data, we identify the first dominant factor as the aggregate demand, and the second factor as inventory adjustment. They cannot be reasonably interpreted as technological shocks. We also demonstrate that in terms of two dominant factors, shipments lead production by four months. Furthermore, out-of-sample test demonstrates that the model holds up even under the 2008-09 recession. Because a fall of output during 2008-09 was caused by an exogenous drop in exports, it provides another justification for identifying the first dominant factor as the aggregate demand. All the findings suggest that the major cause of business cycles is real demand shocks., Comment: 52 pages, 19 figures, 2 tables

Published
2009

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