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Introduction This study aimed to evaluate the short- and long-term outcomes of single-incision laparoscopic colectomy (SILC) for right-sided colon cancer (CC) using a craniocaudal approach. Patients and Methods The data of patients who underwent SILC for right-sided CC at our hospital between January 2013 and December 2022 were retrospectively collected. Surgery was performed using a craniocaudal approach. Short- and long-term operative outcomes were analysed. Results In total, 269 patients (127 men, 142 women; median age 74 years) underwent SILC for right-sided CC. The cases included ileocaecal resection (n = 138) and right hemicolectomy (n = 131). The median operative time was 154 min, and the median operative blood loss was 0 ml. Twenty-seven cases (10.0%) required an additional laparoscopic trocar, and 9 (3.3%) were converted to open surgery. The Clavien–Dindo classification Grade III post-operative complications were detected in 7 (2.6%) cases. SILC was performed by 25 surgeons, including inexperienced surgeons, with a median age of 34 years. The 5-year cancer-specific survival (CSS) was 96.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] 91.3%–98.2%), and CSS per pathological disease stage was 100% for Stages 0–I and II and 86.2% (95% CI 71.3%–93.7%) for Stage III. The 5-year recurrence-free survival (RFS) was 90.6% (95% CI 85.7%–93.9%), and RFS per pathological disease stage was 100% for Stage 0–I, 91.7% (95% CI 80.5%–96.6%) for Stage II and 76.1% (95% CI 63.0%–85.1%) for Stage III. Conclusions SILC for right-sided CC can be safely performed with a craniocaudal approach, with reasonable short- and long-term outcomes.

We present a rare case of a forearm radiation ulcer. Recently, technological advances in intravascular treatments involving X-ray radiography have enabled the application of this treatment in more patients. This has caused more frequent problems due to radiation ulcers. Here we report the case of a 54-year-old man who developed an ulcer on his left forearm six months after placing a stent graft to treat an abdominal aortic aneurysm. A radiation ulcer was diagnosed because of the distance between the position of the ulcer and pigment deposition in the lateral abdominal region and because of the following pathological findings: coagulative necrosis and fibrinoid degeneration and narrowing of the lumen in the small blood vessels. The ulcer was treated by debridement (skin defect size, 22 × 10 cm), followed by reconstruction with an anterolateral thigh flap (23 × 12 cm). Cosmetic and functional improvements were observed, with the latter indicated by an increased range of motion. Levels of evidence: V

The rapid growth in the IoT network comes with a huge security threat. Network scanning is considered necessary to identify vulnerable IoT devices connected to IP networks. However, most existing network scanning tools or system do not consider the burden of scan packet traffic on the network, especially in the IoT network where resources are limited. It is necessary to know the status of the communication environment and the reason why network scanning failed. Therefore, this paper proposes a multimodel-based approach which can be utilized to estimate the cause of failure/delay of network scanning over wireless networks where a scan packet or its response may sometimes be dropped or delayed. Specifically, the factors that cause network scanning failure/delay were identified and categorized. Then, using a machine learning algorithm, we introduced a multimodel linear discriminant analysis (MM-LDA) to estimate the cause of scan failure/delay based on the results of network scanning. In addition, a one-to-many model and a training data filtering technique were adopted to ensure that the estimation error was drastically reduced. The goal of our proposed method was to correctly estimate the causes of scan failure/delay in IP-connected devices. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated using computer simulation assuming a cellular (LTE) network as the targeted IoT wireless network and using LTE-connected devices as the targeted IoT devices. The proposed MM-LDA correctly estimates the cause of failure/delay of the network scan at an average probability of 98% in various scenarios. In comparison to other conventional machine learning classifiers, the proposed MM-LDA outperforms various classification methods in the estimation of the cause of scan failure/delay.

Using the real wireless spectrum occupancy status in 2.4 and 5 GHz bands collected at a railway station as representative of a heavy wireless LAN (WLAN) traffic environment, this paper studies the modeling of durations of busy/idle (B/I) status and its predictability based on predictability theory. We first measure and model the channel status in the heavy traffic environment over almost all of the WLAN channels at 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands in a busy (rush hour) period and non-busy period. Then, using two selected channels at 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands, we analyze the upper bound (UB) and lower bound (LB) of predictability of the busy/idle durations based on predictability theory. The analysis shows that the LB predictability of durations can be easily increased by changing their probability distribution. Based on this property, we introduce the data categorization (DC) method. By categorizing the busy/idle durations into different streams, the proposed data categorization can improve the prediction performance of some streams with large LB predictability, even if it employs a simple low-complexity auto-regressive (AR) predictor.

Summary:. We treated a patient with juvenile xanthogranuloma on the upper lip. A yellow, elastic, hard tumor on the upper lip was evident from birth, which gradually increased in size. The patient was examined at our department at the age of 7 months, at which time the mass extended from the upper lip to the nasal cavity and measured approximately 1 cm. There was a risk that the mass might obstruct the nasal cavity, and an incisional biopsy was conducted to obtain a definitive diagnosis. In histopathological testing, the patient was diagnosed with a juvenile xanthogranuloma. Part of the mass still remains on the upper lip, but has not increased in size during postoperative monitoring. Juvenile xanthogranuloma on the upper lip is extremely rare, and to the best of our knowledge, this is only the fourth case to be reported in the plastic surgery literature in English. In most cases, juvenile xanthogranuloma regresses spontaneously, and unnecessary surgery is to be avoided. The possibility of juvenile xanthogranuloma should always be considered for masses that increase in size in infants and young children, and it is important to reach a definitive diagnosis by skin biopsy.

Summary:. Polyacrylamide hydrogel (PAAG) has been widely used in Russia and China as an injection material for cosmetic surgery. We report the case of a 36-year-old woman who noted breast enlargement subsequent to breastfeeding, after a PAAG injection. In 2016, a PAAG injection was administered to her under both mammary glands at a nearby cosmetic surgery clinic for breast augmentation. After she started breastfeeding following delivery in 2020, she was admitted to our hospital because of a rapid left breast enlargement and unbearable pain. Contrast-enhanced chest computed tomography revealed marked fluid retention in the left breast, and the mammary gland tissue had been pushed outward. A skin incision revealed a significant amount of yellowish-white odorless fluid accumulation. On surgery, a foreign body remained around the pectoralis major muscle, but complete removal was impossible. Currently, 3 months have passed since the operation; however, the patient has not experienced any further pain. There have been many reports on complications caused by PAAG injection. In our case, commencing breast feeding after receiving PAAG injections resulted in a rapid unilateral breast enlargement, and there is no similar report from Japan. In this case, suppressing lactation and rapid removal of the foreign body is the most important measure. It is difficult to completely remove PAAG once it has been injected. PAAG injections for breast augmentation should be avoided in all patients.

Background:. In microsurgery development, autologous vein grafting is necessary when there are no suitable blood vessels for anastomosis around the flap recipient site or when the vascular pedicle of the flap is short. The descending branches of the lateral femoral circumflex artery (LFCA) and vein have been used as a vascular bundle instead of vein grafts, but to our knowledge, there have been no reports on the relationship between thigh length and vessel length. In this study, we performed a macroscopic examination of the LFCA descending branch length required for grafting. Methods:. The length of the LFCA descending branches and veins as well as thigh length were measured in 16 preserved cadaveric legs. Results:. The average length of the thigh was 42.6 cm. It was possible to harvest a mean length of 14.2 cm of the descending branches of the lateral femoral circumflex vessels. Descending branches of the LFCA and veins were identified in all cases. It was estimated that the length of the LFCA descending branch and veins could be collected in 20% of the thigh length in 98% of cases. Conclusion:. When preparing a preoperative plan, it is important to thoroughly consider the required length of blood vessels for grafting and whether it is possible to harvest vessels with sufficient length.

Background:. Inferiorly based gastrocnemius muscle flaps have been successfully used to cover soft tissue defects of the middle third of the leg. This is done especially in older patients or patients with major complications where operative time should be limited. We aimed to determine the gastrocnemius muscle length that can be safely used for preparing inferiorly based muscle flaps. Methods:. We performed angiographies and dissection to investigate the numbers and distribution of the communicating arterial branches between the medial and lateral heads of the gastrocnemius muscle, and the perforating arterial branches of the medial sural artery from the soleus to the gastrocnemius muscles on 18 legs of preserved cadavers. Results:. The lengths of the gastrocnemius heads were approximately 10 cm, and the communicating arterial branches of the gastrocnemius muscle also were located at approximately 10 cm from the gastrocnemius head. The perforating arterial branches from the soleus muscle to the gastrocnemius muscle were also located at approximately 10 cm from the gastrocnemius head. Conclusions:. Communicating arterial branches of the gastrocnemius muscle were found in all cadavers. To the best of our knowledge, no other study has focused on investigating the perforating arterial branches that supply the gastrocnemius from the soleus muscle. Our study indicates that the entire gastrocnemius muscle can be safely used in reconstruction surgeries.

Networking services may be broken down in a disaster situation while people in the disaster area(s) strongly demand networking services for both communication and information sharing among users. This requires the fast restoration of networking services to fulfil the demand–supply gap. Although there are a number of studies on restoring communication and networking in disasters, few studies have explicitly examined the service availability during the temporary and partial recovery process of network restoration. From the perspective of users in the disaster area, it is important to be able to communicate or share information with people whenever they want/need to do so. Therefore, partial and local recovery of the networking services also plays an important role for improving service availability in the disaster situations. To assess the restoration effectiveness of networking services with a measure of user satisfaction level, we propose to use instant networking service availability (I-NSA), a novel metric, and we examine the effectiveness of networking service restoration solutions using the metric. I-NSA allows us to clearly express the instant availability of networking services that drastically changes with the elapsed time from the disaster occurrence in disaster areas. This paper examines the effective improvement of I-NSA when Local-and-Instant Clouds (LI-Clouds) are applied to the disaster situation. LI-Cloud has been designed and practically developed to provide deployable networking services to users. We verify that LI-Cloud enables significant improvement on the I-NSA performance in the fast restoration of networking services.

Summary:. We report the case of a 34-year-old man who presented with a 4-year history of a soft tissue on the palmar aspect of the thumb. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated the presence of a mass with heterogeneous high intensities on T1-weighted images and high intensities on T2-weighted images. We performed excisional biopsy. Histologically, the tumor was composed of mature adipocytes and spindle cells in a collagen background. Immunohistochemically, the tumor cells showed strong expression of CD34. Therefore, we diagnosed it as spindle cell lipoma. To the best of our knowledge, only 2 cases of spindle cell lipoma of the thumb have previously been reported.

For the effective discovery of the biological roles and disease-specific alterations concerning protein glycosylation in tissue samples, it is important to know beforehand the quantitative and qualitative variations of glycan structures expressed in various types of cells, sites, and tissues. To this end, we used laser microdissection-assisted lectin microarray (LMA) to establish a simple and reproducible method for high-throughput and in-depth glycomic profiling of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections. Using this “tissue glycome mapping” approach, we present 234 glycomic profiling data obtained from nine tissue sections (pancreas, heart, lung, thymus, gallbladder, stomach, small intestine, colon, and skin) of two 8-week-old male C57BL/6J mice. We provided this LMA-based dataset in the similar interface as that of GlycomeAtlas, a previously developed tool for mass spectrometry-based tissue glycomic profiling, allowing easy comparison of the two types of data. This online tool, called “LM-GlycomeAtlas”, allows users to visualize the LMA-based tissue glycomic profiling data associated with the sample information as an atlas. Since the present dataset allows the comparison of glycomic profiles, it will facilitate the evaluation of site- and tissue-specific glycosylation patterns. Taking advantage of its extensibility, this tool will continue to be updated with the expansion of deposited data.

How is binocular motion information integrated in the bilateral network of wide-field motion-sensitive neurons, called lobula plate tangential cells (LPTCs), in the visual system of flies? It is possible to construct an accurate model of this network because a complete picture of synaptic interactions has been experimentally identified. We investigated the cooperative behavior of the network of horizontal LPTCs underlying the integration of binocular motion information and the information representation in the bilateral LPTC network through numerical simulations on the network model. First, we qualitatively reproduced rotational motion-sensitive response of the H2 cell previously reported in vivo experiments and ascertained that it could be accounted for by the cooperative behavior of the bilateral network mainly via interhemispheric electrical coupling. We demonstrated that the response properties of single H1 and Hu cells, unlike H2 cells, are not influenced by motion stimuli in the contralateral visual hemi-field, but that the correlations between these cell activities are enhanced by the rotational motion stimulus. We next examined the whole population activity by performing principal component analysis (PCA) on the population activities of simulated LPTCs. We showed that the two orthogonal patterns of correlated population activities given by the first two principal components represent the rotational and translational motions, respectively, and similar to the H2 cell, rotational motion produces a stronger response in the network than does translational motion. Furthermore, we found that these population-coding properties are strongly influenced by the interhemispheric electrical coupling. Finally, to test the generality of our conclusions, we used a more simplified model and verified that the numerical results are not specific to the network model we constructed.

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