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Abstract The ‘Red Fuji’ apple (Malus domestica), is one of the most important and popular economic crops worldwide in the fruit industry. Using PacBio HiFi long reads and Hi-C reads, we assembled a high-quality haplotype-resolved genome of ‘Red Fuji’, with sizes of 668.7 and 668.8 Mb, and N50 sizes of 34.1 and 31.4 Mb. About 97.2% of sequences were anchored in 34 chromosomes. We annotated both haploid genomes, identifying a total of 95,439 protein-coding genes in the two haplotype genomes, with 98% functional annotation. The haplotype-resolved genome of ‘Red Fuji’ apple stands as a precise benchmark for an array of analyses, such as comparative genomics, transcriptomics, and allelic expression studies. This comprehensive resource is paramount in unraveling variations in allelic expression, advancing quality improvements, and refining breeding efforts.

Abstract Malus hybrid ‘Flame’ and Malus hybrid ‘Royalty’ are representative ornamental crabapples, rich in flavonoids and serving as the preferred materials for studying the coloration mechanism. We generated two sets of high-quality chromosome-level and haplotype-resolved genome of ‘Flame’ with sizes of 688.2 Mb and 675.7 Mb, and those of ‘Royalty’ with sizes of 674.1 Mb and 663.6 Mb, all anchored to 17 chromosomes and with a high BUSCO completeness score nearly 99.0%. A total of 47,833 and 47,307 protein-coding genes were annotated in the two haplotype genomes of ‘Flame’, and the numbers of ‘Royalty’ were 46,305 and 46,920 individually. The assembled high-quality genomes offer new resources for studying the origin and adaptive evolution of crabapples and the molecular basis of the accumulation of flavonoids and anthocyanins, facilitating molecular breeding of Malus plants.

The brief opening mode of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) serves as a calcium (Ca2+) release valve to prevent mitochondrial Ca2+ (mCa2+) overload. Catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (CPVT) is a stress-induced arrhythmic syndrome due to mutations in the Ca2+ release channel complex of ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2). We hypothesize that inhibiting the mPTP opening in CPVT exacerbates the disease phenotype. By crossbreeding a CPVT model of CASQ2 knockout (KO) with a mouse missing CypD, an activator of mPTP, a double KO model (DKO) was generated. Echocardiography, cardiac histology, and live-cell imaging were employed to assess the severity of cardiac pathology. Western blot and RNAseq were performed to evaluate the contribution of various signaling pathways. Although exacerbated arrhythmias were reported, the DKO model did not exhibit pathological remodeling. Myocyte Ca2+ handling was similar to that of the CASQ2 KO mouse at a low pacing frequency. However, increased ROS production, activation of the CaMKII pathway, and hyperphosphorylation of RyR2 were detected in DKO. Transcriptome analysis identified altered gene expression profiles associated with electrical instability in DKO. Our study provides evidence that genetic inhibition of mPTP exacerbates RyR2 dysfunction in CPVT by increasing activation of the CaMKII pathway and subsequent hyperphosphorylation of RyR2.

Dastarcus helophoroides Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Bothrideridae) is an effective predatory beetle of larvae and pupae of several cerambycid beetles including Monochamus alternatus and Anoplophora glabripennis. Electroantennography (EAG) and a dynamic two-choice olfactometer were respectively used to measure the antennal and behavioral responses of both sexes to selected volatile compounds. Female and male D. helophoroides exhibited similar EAG and behavioral responses. Significant dose-dependent EAG responses in both sexes were elicited by nonanal, octanal, cis-3-hexenol, 3-carene, (R)-(+)-α-pinene, (S)-(-)-α-pinene, (R)-(+)-limonene and (S)-(-)-limonene. Female and male beetles were repelled at high concentration by cis-3-hexenol and (S)-(-)-limonene, respectively. Both sexes of D. helophoroides were significantly attracted to nonanal, cis-3-hexenol, 3-carene and (R)-(+)-limonene even at low concentrations. These compounds might be used either individually or in mixtures for developing biological control methods to attract this predatory beetle into forest stands threatened by cerambycid beetles.

For problem that adapted voltage fluctuation range of existing mine-used power is narrow and its use is inconvenience, the paper proposed a design scheme of adaptive power system with AC80-830 V wide voltage input based on full-bridge phase-shift rectifying technology. The main circuit of the power uses thyristor control method, and the control circuit uses PIC16F1937 single-chip microcomputer to realize instantaneous voltage tracked control, making output voltage stably work in DC110-350 V when input voltage changes. The simulation and experiment results show that the power system is stable and reliable.

In view of requirement in GB 3836.2－2010 standard that it must use Ni-Cd battery, lithium battery and Ni-MH battery as standby battery in standby power supply system of mine flameproof electrical equipments, a standby power supply system of flameproof electrical equipments based on Ni-MH battery was designed. Working principle of Ni-MH battery and design requirements of the system were analyzed, design of charging management unit and protection unit of the system were introduced in details, and test result of the system was given. The actual application shows that the system can meet requirement of GB 3836.2－2010 standard with stable running, safe and effective protecting measures.

The paper introduced principle of electrical explosion proof and expounded developing situation of intrinsically safe explosion proof mode form the views of theoretical research and product development at home and abroad.It emphatically discussed problems existed in power supply system for mine safety monitoring at home at present,namely adaptability of the system's input,intelligence of the system,optimum design of standby power supply,anti-interference ability of the system,and intrinsically safe power supply with high capacity.It introduced a novel power supply system for mine safety monitoring,which has good anti-interference performance and functions of intelligent monitoring of the system's running parameters,early warning,and fault diagnosis.