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We smear quenched lattice QCD ensembles with lattice volume $32^3\times 8$ by using Wilson flow. Six ensembles at temperature near the critical temperature $T_c$ corresponding to the critical inverse coupling $\beta_c=6.06173(49)$ are used to investigate the localization of topological charge density. If the effective smearing radius of Wilson flow is large enough, the density, size and peak of Harrington-Shepard (HS) caloron-like topological lumps of ensembles are stable when $\beta\leq 6.050$, but start to change significantly when $\beta\geq6.055$. The inverse participation ratio (IPR) of topological charge density shows similar results, it begins to increase when $\beta\geq 6.055$ and is stable when $\beta\leq 6.050$. The pseudoscalar glueball mass is extracted from the topological charge density correlator (TCDC) of ensembles at $T=1.19T_c,~\textrm{and }1.36T_c$, the masses are $1.915(98)\textrm{ GeV}$ and $1.829(123)\textrm{ GeV}$ respectively, they are consistent with results from conventional methods., Comment: 8 pages, 15 figures

The topological charge density and topological susceptibility are determined by multi-probing approximation using overlap fermions in quenched SU(3) gauge theory. Then we investigate the topological structure of the quenched QCD vacuum, and compare it with results from the all-scale topological density, the results are consistent. Random permuted topological charge density is used to check whether these structures represent underlying ordered properties. Pseudoscalar glueball mass is extracted from the two-point correlation function of the topological charge density. We study $3$ ensembles of different lattice spacing $a$ with the same lattice volume $16^{3}\times32$, the results are compatible with the results of all-scale topological charge density, and the topological structures revealed by multi-probing are much closer to all-scale topological charge density than that by eigenmode expansion., 12 pages,34 figures