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4. Mechanisms of manipulation: a systematic review of the literature on immediate anatomical structural or positional changes in response to manually delivered high-velocity, low-amplitude spinal manipulation

Author

Young, Kenneth J., Leboeuf-Yde, Charlotte, Gorrell, Lindsay, Bergström, Cecilia, Evans, David W., Axén, Iben, Chance-Larsen, Kenneth, Gagey, Olivier, Georgopoulos, Vasileios, Goncalves, Guillaume, Harris, Catherine, Harsted, Steen, Kerry, Roger, Lee, Edward, McCarthy, Christopher, Nim, Casper, Nyirö, Luana, Schweinhardt, Petra, and Vogel, Steven

Published
2024
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5. A modern way to teach and practice manual therapy

Author

Kerry, Roger, Young, Kenneth J., Evans, David W., Lee, Edward, Georgopoulos, Vasileios, Meakins, Adam, McCarthy, Chris, Cook, Chad, Ridehalgh, Colette, Vogel, Steven, Banton, Amanda, Bergström, Cecilia, Mazzieri, Anna Maria, Mourad, Firas, and Hutting, Nathan

Published
2024
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6. Producing College, Career, and Military Ready Graduates: A Study of Efficiency in Texas Public School Districts

Author

Barton, James J., Shelton, Kaye, and Young, Kenneth

Abstract

Public school districts in Texas and policymakers need studies of efficiency in the production of College, Career, and Military Ready graduates to maximize resources in the House Bill 3 funding formula and improve ratings in the Texas public school accountability system. A replication of efficiency studies by Carter (2012) and Thompson (2017), the purpose of this non-experimental quantitative study was to determine what discretionary and non-discretionary factors influence the efficiency of Texas public school districts' production of College, Career, and Military Ready graduates. With financial and student performance data for 1054 school districts from the 2017-2018 school year, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to measure the relative efficiency of each school district. A regression analysis found a significant positive influence on school district efficiency for total student enrollment. The percentage of non-white students and instructional expenditures per pupil did not have a significant influence on school district efficiency. This research study is useful to educators, legislators, and researchers for determining the allocation of resources for programs with the ability to produce College, Career, and Military Ready graduates.

Published
2022

11. Unraveling Amazon tree community assembly using Maximum Information Entropy: a quantitative analysis of tropical forest ecology

Author

Pos, Edwin, de Souza Coelho, Luiz, de Andrade Lima Filho, Diogenes, Salomão, Rafael P., Amaral, Iêda Leão, de Almeida Matos, Francisca Dionízia, Castilho, Carolina V., Phillips, Oliver L., Guevara, Juan Ernesto, de Jesus Veiga Carim, Marcelo, López, Dairon Cárdenas, Magnusson, William E., Wittmann, Florian, Irume, Mariana Victória, Martins, Maria Pires, Sabatier, Daniel, da Silva Guimarães, José Renan, Molino, Jean-François, Bánki, Olaf S., Piedade, Maria Teresa Fernandez, Pitman, Nigel C. A., Mendoza, Abel Monteagudo, Ramos, José Ferreira, Hawes, Joseph E., Almeida, Everton José, Barbosa, Luciane Ferreira, Cavalheiro, Larissa, dos Santos, Márcia Cléia Vilela, Luize, Bruno Garcia, de Leão Novo, Evlyn Márcia Moraes, Vargas, Percy Núñez, Silva, Thiago Sanna Freire, Venticinque, Eduardo Martins, Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, Reis, Neidiane Farias Costa, Terborgh, John, Casula, Katia Regina, Coronado, Euridice N. Honorio, Montero, Juan Carlos, Marimon, Beatriz S., Marimon-Junior, Ben Hur, Feldpausch, Ted R., Duque, Alvaro, Baraloto, Chris, Arboleda, Nicolás Castaño, Engel, Julien, Petronelli, Pascal, Zartman, Charles Eugene, Killeen, Timothy J., Vasquez, Rodolfo, Mostacedo, Bonifacio, Assis, Rafael L., Schöngart, Jochen, Castellanos, Hernán, de Medeiros, Marcelo Brilhante, Simon, Marcelo Fragomeni, Andrade, Ana, Camargo, José Luís, Demarchi, Layon O., Laurance, William F., Laurance, Susan G. W., de Sousa Farias, Emanuelle, Lopes, Maria Aparecida, Magalhães, José Leonardo Lima, Nascimento, Henrique Eduardo Mendonça, de Queiroz, Helder Lima, Aymard, Gerardo A. C., Brienen, Roel, Revilla, Juan David Cardenas, Costa, Flávia R. C., Quaresma, Adriano, Vieira, Ima Célia Guimarães, Cintra, Bruno Barçante Ladvocat, Stevenson, Pablo R., Feitosa, Yuri Oliveira, Duivenvoorden, Joost F., Mogollón, Hugo F., Ferreira, Leandro Valle, Comiskey, James A., Draper, Freddie, de Toledo, José Julio, Damasco, Gabriel, Dávila, Nállarett, García-Villacorta, Roosevelt, Lopes, Aline, Vicentini, Alberto, Noronha, Janaína Costa, Barbosa, Flávia Rodrigues, de Sá Carpanedo, Rainiellen, Emilio, Thaise, Levis, Carolina, de Jesus Rodrigues, Domingos, Schietti, Juliana, Souza, Priscila, Alonso, Alfonso, Dallmeier, Francisco, Gomes, Vitor H. F., Lloyd, Jon, Neill, David, de Aguiar, Daniel Praia Portela, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arroyo, Luzmila, Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes, de Souza, Fernanda Coelho, do Amaral, Dário Dantas, Feeley, Kenneth J., Gribel, Rogerio, Pansonato, Marcelo Petratti, Barlow, Jos, Berenguer, Erika, Ferreira, Joice, Fine, Paul V. A., Guedes, Marcelino Carneiro, Jimenez, Eliana M., Licona, Juan Carlos, Mora, Maria Cristina Peñuela, Peres, Carlos A., Zegarra, Boris Eduardo Villa, Cerón, Carlos, Henkel, Terry W., Maas, Paul, Silveira, Marcos, Stropp, Juliana, Thomas-Caesar, Raquel, Baker, Tim R., Daly, Doug, Dexter, Kyle G., Householder, John Ethan, Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, Isau, Pennington, Toby, Paredes, Marcos Ríos, Fuentes, Alfredo, Pena, José Luis Marcelo, Silman, Miles R., Tello, J. Sebastián, Chave, Jerome, Valverde, Fernando Cornejo, Di Fiore, Anthony, Hilário, Renato Richard, Phillips, Juan Fernando, Rivas-Torres, Gonzalo, van Andel, Tinde R., von Hildebrand, Patricio, Barbosa, Edelcilio Marques, de Matos Bonates, Luiz Carlos, Doza, Hilda Paulette Dávila, Fonty, Émile, Gómez, Ricardo Zárate, Gonzales, Therany, Gonzales, George Pepe Gallardo, Guillaumet, Jean-Louis, Hoffman, Bruce, Junqueira, André Braga, Malhi, Yadvinder, de Andrade Miranda, Ires Paula, Pinto, Linder Felipe Mozombite, Prieto, Adriana, Rudas, Agustín, Ruschel, Ademir R., Silva, Natalino, Vela, César I. A., Vos, Vincent Antoine, Zent, Egleé L., Zent, Stanford, Albuquerque, Bianca Weiss, Cano, Angela, Correa, Diego F., Costa, Janaina Barbosa Pedrosa, Flores, Bernardo Monteiro, Holmgren, Milena, Nascimento, Marcelo Trindade, Oliveira, Alexandre A., Ramirez-Angulo, Hirma, Rocha, Maira, Scudeller, Veridiana Vizoni, Sierra, Rodrigo, Tirado, Milton, Umaña, Maria Natalia, van der Heijden, Geertje, Torre, Emilio Vilanova, Vriesendorp, Corine, Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Reategui, Manuel Augusto Ahuite, Baider, Cláudia, Balslev, Henrik, Cárdenas, Sasha, Casas, Luisa Fernanda, Farfan-Rios, William, Ferreira, Cid, Linares-Palomino, Reynaldo, Mendoza, Casimiro, Mesones, Italo, Torres-Lezama, Armando, Giraldo, Ligia Estela Urrego, Villarroel, Daniel, Zagt, Roderick, Alexiades, Miguel N., Garcia-Cabrera, Karina, Hernandez, Lionel, Milliken, William, Cuenca, Walter Palacios, Pansini, Susamar, Pauletto, Daniela, Arevalo, Freddy Ramirez, Sampaio, Adeilza Felipe, Sandoval, Elvis H. Valderrama, Gamarra, Luis Valenzuela, Boenisch, Gerhard, Kattge, Jens, Kraft, Nathan, Levesley, Aurora, Melgaço, Karina, Pickavance, Georgia, Poorter, Lourens, and ter Steege, Hans

Published
2023
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14. X-ray attenuation of adipose breast tissue: in-vitro and in-vivo measurements using spectral imaging

Author

Fredenberg, Erik, Erhard, Klaus, Berggren, Karl, Dance, David R, Young, Kenneth C, Cederstrom, Bjorn, Johansson, Henrik, Lundqvist, Mats, Moa, Elin, Homan, Hanno, Willsher, Paula, Kilburn-Toppin, Fleur, and Wallis, Matthew

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics
Abstract

The development of new x-ray imaging techniques often requires prior knowledge of tissue attenuation, but the sources of such information are sparse. We have measured the attenuation of adipose breast tissue using spectral imaging, in vitro and in vivo. For the in-vitro measurement, fixed samples of adipose breast tissue were imaged on a spectral mammography system, and the energy-dependent x-ray attenuation was measured in terms of equivalent thicknesses of aluminum and poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA). For the in-vivo measurement, a similar procedure was applied on a number of spectral screening mammograms. The results of the two measurements agreed well and were consistent with published attenuation data and with measurements on tissue-equivalent material., Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2101.02449

Published
2021
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15. Measurement of breast-tissue x-ray attenuation by spectral mammography: solid lesions

Author

Fredenberg, Erik, Kilburn-Toppin, Fleur, Willsher, Paula, Moa, Elin, Danielsson, Mats, Dance, David R., Young, Kenneth C., and Wallis, Matthew G.

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
Abstract

Knowledge of x-ray attenuation is essential for developing and evaluating x-ray imaging technologies. For instance, techniques to distinguish between cysts and solid tumours at mammography screening would be highly desirable to reduce recalls, but the development requires knowledge of the x-ray attenuation for cysts and tumours. We have previously measured the attenuation of cyst fluid using photon-counting spectral mammography. Data on x-ray attenuation for solid breast lesions are available in the literature, but cover a relatively wide range, likely caused by natural spread between samples, random measurement errors, and different experimental conditions. In this study, we have adapted the previously developed spectral method to measure the linear attenuation of solid breast lesions. A total of 56 malignant and 5 benign lesions were included in the study. The samples were placed in a holder that allowed for thickness measurement. Spectral (energy-resolved) images of the samples were acquired and the image signal was mapped to equivalent thicknesses of two known reference materials, which can be used to derive the x-ray attenuation as a function of energy. The spread in equivalent material thicknesses was relatively large between samples, which is likely to be caused mainly by natural variation and only to a minor extent by random measurement errors and sample inhomogeneity. No significant difference in attenuation was found between benign and malignant solid lesions, or between different types of malignant lesions. The separation between cyst-fluid and tumour attenuation was, however, significant, which suggests it may be possible to distinguish cystic from solid breast lesions, and the results lay the groundwork for a clinical trial. [cropped]

Published
2021
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16. Measurement of breast-tissue x-ray attenuation by spectral mammography: first results on cyst fluid

Author

Fredenberg, Erik, Dance, David R., Willsher, Paula, Moa, Elin, von Tiedemann, Miriam, Young, Kenneth C., and Wallis, Matthew G.

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
Abstract

Knowledge of x-ray attenuation is essential for developing and evaluating x-ray imaging technologies. For instance, techniques to better characterize cysts at mammography screening would be highly desirable to reduce recalls, but the development is hampered by the lack of attenuation data for cysts. We have developed a method to measure x-ray attenuation of tissue samples using a prototype photon-counting spectral mammography unit. The method was applied to measure the attenuation of 50 samples of breast cyst fluid and 50 samples of water. Spectral (energy-resolved) images of the samples were acquired and the image signal was mapped to equivalent thicknesses of two known reference materials, which can be used to derive the x-ray attenuation as a function of energy. The attenuation of cyst fluid was found to be significantly different from water. There was a relatively large natural spread between different samples of cyst fluid, whereas the homogeneity of each individual sample was found to be good; the variation within samples did not reach above the quantum noise floor. The spectral method proved stable between several measurements on the same sample. Further, chemical analysis and elemental attenuation calculation were used to validate the spectral measurement on a subset of the samples. The two methods agreed within the precision of the elemental attenuation calculation over the mammographic energy range., Comment: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2101.02449

Published
2021
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17. Measurement of breast-tissue x-ray attenuation by spectral imaging: fresh and fixed normal and malignant tissue

Author

Fredenberg, Erik, Willsher, Paula, Moa, Elin, Dance, David R., Young, Kenneth C., and Wallis, Matthew G.

Subjects
Physics - Medical Physics, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
Abstract

Knowledge of x-ray attenuation is essential for developing and evaluating x-ray imaging technologies. In mammography, measurement of breast density, dose estimation, and differentiation between cysts and solid tumours are example applications requiring accurate data on tissue attenuation. Published attenuation data are, however, sparse and cover a relatively wide range. To supplement available data we have previously measured the attenuation of cyst fluid and solid lesions using photon-counting spectral mammography. The present study aims to measure the attenuation of normal adipose and glandular tissue, and to measure the effect of formalin fixation, a major uncertainty in published data. A total of 27 tumour specimens, seven fibro-glandular tissue specimens, and 15 adipose tissue specimens were included. Spectral (energy-resolved) images of the samples were acquired and the image signal was mapped to equivalent thicknesses of two known reference materials, from which x-ray attenuation as a function of energy can be derived. The spread in attenuation between samples was relatively large, partly because of natural variation. The variation of malignant and glandular tissue was similar, whereas that of adipose tissue was lower. Formalin fixation slightly altered the attenuation of malignant and glandular tissue, whereas the attenuation of adipose tissue was not significantly affected. The difference in attenuation between fresh tumour tissue and cyst fluid was smaller than has previously been measured for fixed tissue, but the difference was still significant and discrimination of these two tissue types is still possible. The difference between glandular and malignant tissue was close-to significant; it is reasonable to expect a significant difference with a larger set of samples. [cropped]

Published
2021
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18. OPTIMAM Mammography Image Database: a large scale resource of mammography images and clinical data

Author

Halling-Brown, Mark D, Warren, Lucy M, Ward, Dominic, Lewis, Emma, Mackenzie, Alistair, Wallis, Matthew G, Wilkinson, Louise, Given-Wilson, Rosalind M, McAvinchey, Rita, and Young, Kenneth C

Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
Abstract

A major barrier to medical imaging research and in particular the development of artificial intelligence (AI) is a lack of large databases of medical images which share images with other researchers. Without such databases it is not possible to train generalisable AI algorithms, and large amounts of time and funding is spent collecting smaller datasets at individual research centres. The OPTIMAM image database (OMI-DB) has been developed to overcome these barriers. OMI-DB consists of several relational databases and cloud storage systems, containing mammography images and associated clinical and pathological information. The database contains over 2.5 million images from 173,319 women collected from three UK breast screening centres. This includes 154,832 women with normal breasts, 6909 women with benign findings, 9690 women with screen-detected cancers and 1888 women with interval cancers. Collection is on-going and all women are followed-up and their clinical status updated according to subsequent screening episodes. The availability of prior screening mammograms and interval cancers is a vital resource for AI development. Data from OMI-DB has been shared with over 30 research groups and companies, since 2014. This progressive approach has been possible through sharing agreements between the funder and approved academic and commercial research groups. A research dataset such as the OMI-DB provides a powerful resource for research.

Published
2020

19. What is the B mode in CMB polarization?

Author

Kwok, Jack, Lau, King, Young, Edward, and Young, Kenneth

Subjects
General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

A linear polarization field on a surface is expressed in terms of scalar functions, providing an invariant separation into two components; one of these is the B mode, important as a signature of primordial gravitational waves, which would lend support to the inflation hypothesis. The case of a plane already exhibits the key ideas, including the formal analogy with a vector field decomposed into gradient plus curl, with the B mode like the latter. The formalism is generalized to a spherical surface using cartesian coordinates. Analysis of global data provides a path to vector and tensor spherical harmonics., Comment: 11 pages

Published
2019

20. Chiropractic Day 2023: A Report and Qualitative Analysis of How Thought Leaders Celebrate the Present and Envision the Future of Chiropractic

Author

Johnson, Claire D., Green, Bart N., Agaoglu, Mustafa, Amorin-Woods, Lyndon, Brown, Richard, Byfield, David, Clum, Gerard W., Crespo, Waleska, Da Silva, Kendrah L., Dane, Dawn, Daniels, Clinton J., Edwards, Micheala, Foshee, William K., Goertz, Christine, Henderson, Charles, Hynes, Roger, Johnson, Valerie, Killinger, Lisa, Konarski-Hart, Karen, Kopansky-Giles, Deborah, Kowalski, Matthew, Little, Craig, McAllister, Sherry, Mrozek, John, Nixdorf, Don, Peeace, L. David, Peterson, Cynthia, Petrocco-Napuli, Kristina L., Phillips, Reed, Snow, Gregory, Sorrentino, Anne, Wong, Yi Kai, Yelverton, Christopher, and Young, Kenneth J.

Published
2023
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22. Attracting Preservice Teachers to Remote Locations

Author

Young, Kenneth D., Grainger, Peter, and James, Dennis

Abstract

Teaching in rural/remote regions poses many challenges to teachers and is identified as a priority research area by the state government. Despite initiatives by the Queensland state government and university providers to solve the issue through various incentives designed to attract teachers, the problem remains significant. This research describes and analyses the impact of a regional university initiative to attract teachers to rural and remote locations in Queensland. The data was gathered through analysis of responses from preservice teachers completing education degrees at a regional university in Queensland. The data revealed that the opportunity to experience rural and remote schools and communities resulted in positive attitudinal changes towards applying for rural and remote school placements upon graduation. The results are significant and suggest that universities have a major role to play in work force planning for graduate teachers.

Published
2018

23. Concerts

Author

Young, Kenneth

Published
1991

28. HEALTH SECURITY AND THE CHALLENGE OF SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL VULNERABILITIES IN NIGERIA

Author

Musediq Olufemi Lawal, Rasheed Oyaromade, Akin George Ogunleye, Olawale Olufemi Akinrinde, and Young Kenneth Irhue

Subjects
Military Science
Abstract

There is a growing recognition of the importance of health security to economic development globally. ‘Health security’ as a phenomenon continues to receive the attention of academics and policymakers in the course of ensuring a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being for all. Nigeria’s health policy equally gives a premium to this. The aim of this study, hinging on archival and qualitative research design, is to explore health security in Nigeria vis-à-vis the constraining social and environmental vulnerabilities. The discourse took into account unfolding social challenges and various environmental problems coupled with the high level of poverty. This article indicates that social and environmental uncertainties interact with many parts of the health care system in a variety of ways. This hurts health security in Nigeria as a result of poor infrastructure development, insufficient government financing, the lack of an integrated system for disease prevention and monitoring, frequent policy reversals, security issues, and unimpressive health indicators. Because of this and considering the state of the Nigerian health care that is worsening on a global standard, it is obvious that health security is yet to have a strong footing. For health security to have a meaningful impact on people's wellbeing, appropriate health services should be made accessible to those who need them.

Published
2022
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32. Neptune’s Orbit: Reassessing Celestial Mechanics

Author

Sheehan, William, Young, Kenneth, ORCHISTON, WAYNE, Series Editor, ROTHENBERG, MARC, Series Editor, CUNNINGHAM, CLIFFORD, Series Editor, EVANS, JAMES, Editorial Board Member, GOSS, MILLER, Editorial Board Member, HAMACHER, DUANE, Editorial Board Member, LEQUEUX, JAMES, Editorial Board Member, MITTON, SIMON, Editorial Board Member, RUGGLES, CLIVE, Editorial Board Member, TRIMBLE, VIRGINIA, Editorial Board Member, WOLFSCHMIDT, GUDRUN, Editorial Board Member, BELL, TRUDY, Editorial Board Member, DEVORKIN, DAVID, Editorial Board Member, Sheehan, William, editor, Bell, Trudy E., editor, Kennett, Carolyn, editor, and Smith, Robert, editor

Published
2021
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34. SWARM: A 32 GHz Correlator and VLBI Beamformer for the Submillimeter Array

Author

Primiani, Rurik A., Young, Kenneth H., Young, André, Patel, Nimesh, Wilson, Robert W., Vertatschitsch, Laura, Chitwood, Billie B., Srinivasan, Ranjani, MacMahon, David, and Weintroub, Jonathan

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

A 32 GHz bandwidth VLBI capable correlator and phased array has been designed and deployed at the Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory's Submillimeter Array (SMA). The SMA Wideband Astronomical ROACH2 Machine (SWARM) integrates two instruments: a correlator with 140 kHz spectral resolution across its full 32 GHz band, used for connected interferometric observations, and a phased array summer used when the SMA participates as a station in the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) array. For each SWARM quadrant, Reconfigurable Open Architecture Computing Hardware (ROACH2) units shared under open source from the Collaboration for Astronomy Signal Processing and Electronics Research (CASPER) are equipped with a pair of ultra-fast Analog-to- Digital Converters (ADCs), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) processor, and eight 10 Gigabit Ethernet ports. A VLBI data recorder interface designated the SWARM Digital Back End, or SDBE, is implemented with a ninth ROACH2 per quadrant, feeding four Mark6 VLBI recorders with an aggregate recording rate of 64 Gbps. This paper describes the design and implementation of SWARM, as well as its deployment at SMA with reference to verification and science data., Comment: 21 pages, 12 figures, pdflatex, accepted for publication in the Journal of Astronomical Instrumentation

Published
2016

35. An Exploration of Preservice Teachers' Readiness for Teaching in Rural and Remote Schools

Author

Hudson, Sue, Young, Kenneth, Thiele, Catherine, and Hudson, Peter

Abstract

Preparing teachers for rural and remote (RR) schools in Australia appears to be an ongoing issue with many schools continuing to experience staff shortages. This research aimed to understand preservice teachers' (n=23) perceptions of their readiness for teaching in RR schools within four theoretical constructs, namely: self, classroom, school, and community. Following a RR professional experience, preservice teachers completed a literature-based Likert scale survey with written response questions to investigate their readiness for teaching in RR communities within the four constructs. Results showed that more than 80% of participants indicated self-readiness for teaching; yet, work recognition (70%), discussing career goals (65%), and having wellbeing supported (61%) had lower percentages. Classroom readiness was indicated by 83% or more of the preservice teachers for seven of the eight items; however, less than half claimed they had trust in the leadership for school readiness. Community readiness had percentages lower than 80% across the eight associated items. The results suggested preservice teachers can be supported during professional experience to promote teaching in RR contexts as a way to overcome teacher shortages. [Notes: (1) The page numbering goes from 51-53, omitting page number 52; and (2) The year shown on the PDF (2000) is incorrect. The correct year is 2020.]

Published
2020

38. Peru’s zoning amendment endangers forests

Author

Martel, Carlos, primary, Mendieta-Leiva, Glenda, additional, Alvarez-Loayza, Patricia C., additional, Cano, Asunción, additional, Cosio, Eric G., additional, Decock, Cony, additional, Farfan-Rios, William, additional, Feeley, Kenneth, additional, Honorio Coronado, Eurídice, additional, Huamantupa, Isau, additional, Ibañez, Alfredo J., additional, Koepcke de Diller, Juliane, additional, León, Blanca, additional, Linares-Palomino, Reynaldo, additional, Marcelo Peña, José L., additional, Millán, Betty, additional, Moat, Justin F., additional, Pennington, R. Toby, additional, Pitman, Nigel, additional, Salinas, Norma, additional, Rojas-VeraPinto, Roxana, additional, Stevenson, Philip C., additional, Tovar, Carolina, additional, Whaley, Oliver Q., additional, and Young, Kenneth R., additional

Published
2024
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41. Amazon tree dominance across forest strata

Author

Draper, Frederick C., Costa, Flavia R. C., Arellano, Gabriel, Phillips, Oliver L., Duque, Alvaro, Macía, Manuel J., ter Steege, Hans, Asner, Gregory P., Berenguer, Erika, Schietti, Juliana, Socolar, Jacob B., de Souza, Fernanda Coelho, Dexter, Kyle G., Jørgensen, Peter M., Tello, J. Sebastian, Magnusson, William E., Baker, Timothy R., Castilho, Carolina V., Monteagudo-Mendoza, Abel, Fine, Paul V. A., Ruokolainen, Kalle, Coronado, Euridice N. Honorio, Aymard, Gerardo, Dávila, Nállarett, Sáenz, Mauricio Sánchez, Paredes, Marcos A. Rios, Engel, Julien, Fortunel, Claire, Paine, C. E. Timothy, Goret, Jean-Yves, Dourdain, Aurelie, Petronelli, Pascal, Allie, Elodie, Andino, Juan E. Guevara, Brienen, Roel J. W., Pérez, Leslie Cayola, Manzatto, Ângelo G., Zambrana, Narel Y. Paniagua, Molino, Jean-François, Sabatier, Daniel, Chave, Jerôme, Fauset, Sophie, Villacorta, Roosevelt Garcia, Réjou-Méchain, Maxime, Berry, Paul E., Melgaço, Karina, Feldpausch, Ted R., Sandoval, Elvis Valderamma, Martinez, Rodolfo Vasquez, Mesones, Italo, Junqueira, André B., Roucoux, Katherine H., de Toledo, José J., Andrade, Ana C., Camargo, José Luís, del Aguila Pasquel, Jhon, Santana, Flávia D., Laurance, William F., Laurance, Susan G., Lovejoy, Thomas E., Comiskey, James A., Galbraith, David R., Kalamandeen, Michelle, Aguilar, Gilberto E. Navarro, Arenas, Jim Vega, Guerra, Carlos A. Amasifuen, Flores, Manuel, Llampazo, Gerardo Flores, Montenegro, Luis A. Torres, Gomez, Ricardo Zarate, Pansonato, Marcelo P., Moscoso, Victor Chama, Vleminckx, Jason, Barrantes, Oscar J. Valverde, Duivenvoorden, Joost F., de Sousa, Sidney Araújo, Arroyo, Luzmila, Perdiz, Ricardo O., Cravo, Jessica Soares, Marimon, Beatriz S., Junior, Ben Hur Marimon, Carvalho, Fernanda Antunes, Damasco, Gabriel, Disney, Mathias, Vital, Marcos Salgado, Diaz, Pablo R. Stevenson, Vicentini, Alberto, Nascimento, Henrique, Higuchi, Niro, Van Andel, Tinde, Malhi, Yadvinder, Ribeiro, Sabina Cerruto, Terborgh, John W., Thomas, Raquel S., Dallmeier, Francisco, Prieto, Adriana, Hilário, Renato R., Salomão, Rafael P., Silva, Richarlly da Costa, Casas, Luisa F., Vieira, Ima C. Guimarães, Araujo-Murakami, Alejandro, Arevalo, Fredy Ramirez, Ramírez-Angulo, Hirma, Torre, Emilio Vilanova, Peñuela, Maria C., Killeen, Timothy J., Pardo, Guido, Jimenez-Rojas, Eliana, Castro, Wenderson, Cabrera, Darcy Galiano, Pipoly, John, de Sousa, Thaiane Rodrigues, Silvera, Marcos, Vos, Vincent, Neill, David, Vargas, Percy Núñez, Vela, Dilys M., Aragão, Luiz E. O. C., Umetsu, Ricardo Keichi, Sierra, Rodrigo, Wang, Ophelia, Young, Kenneth R., Prestes, Nayane C. C. S., Massi, Klécia G., Huaymacari, José Reyna, Gutierrez, Germaine A. Parada, Aldana, Ana M., Alexiades, Miguel N., Baccaro, Fabrício, Céron, Carlos, Muelbert, Adriane Esquivel, Rios, Julio M. Grandez, Lima, Antonio S., Lloyd, Jonathan L., Pitman, Nigel C. A., Gamarra, Luis Valenzuela, Oroche, Cesar J. Cordova, Fuentes, Alfredo F., Palacios, Walter, Patiño, Sandra, Torres-Lezama, Armando, and Baraloto, Christopher

Published
2021
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43. Virtual temporal bone simulators and their use in surgical training: a narrative review.

Author

Bolton, Lauren, Young, Kenneth, Ray, Jaydip, and Chawdhary, Gaurav

Subjects
*COMPUTER simulation, *TEMPORAL bone, *OPERATIVE surgery, *SYSTEMATIC reviews, *MEDLINE, *USER interfaces, *EAR surgery, TEMPORAL bone surgery
Abstract

Objective: Temporal bone dissection is a difficult skill to acquire, and the challenge has recently been further compounded by a reduction in conventional surgical training opportunities during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. Consequently, there has been renewed interest in ear simulation as an adjunct to surgical training for trainees. We review the state-of-the-art virtual temporal bone simulators for surgical training. Materials and methods: A narrative review of the current literature was performed following a Medline search using a pre-determined search strategy. Results and analysis: Sixty-one studies were included. There are five validated temporal bone simulators: Voxel-Man, CardinalSim, Ohio State University Simulator, Melbourne University's Virtual Reality Surgical Simulation and Visible Ear Simulator. The merits of each have been reviewed, alongside their role in surgical training. Conclusion: Temporal bone simulators have been demonstrated to be useful adjuncts to conventional surgical training methods and are likely to play an increasing role in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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45. A Qualitative Study of Public Health and Policy Implications of Street Begging in Nigeria

Author

Musediq Olufemi Lawal, Nkechi Latifat Aliu, and Young Kenneth Irhue

Subjects
Street Begging, Development, Public Health, Abuja, Political science (General), JA1-92, Social Sciences
Abstract

Regardless of the reasons for making begging a vocation, the beggars were noted as constituting a significant population in most cities of Nigeria. They are consistently becoming an interesting phenomenon in every academic discourse. This study, as a modest complement to existing academic efforts, examined the development and public health implications of street begging. It is qualitative in nature, hence the adoption of in-depth and key informant interviews as well as non-participant observation data collection approach. It covered six purposively selected areas with appreciable numbers of beggars in Abuja Federal Capital Territory (FCT). The investigated population from these settlements comprised 30 beggars, 16 staff of Ministries of Women Affairs and Social Development, Ministry of Health, 2 journalists, and 7 residents of the areas where beggars’ joints were located. The data collected was treated with content analysis. The results showed that some of the beggars have been in the act for more than 3 decades. They viewed begging as a legitimate occupation rather than a nuisance to the society. Relative deprivation led some people to adopt street begging as a means of making a livelihood. Recurring business failure influenced the incursion into begging as a means of survival. The development and public health implications of street begging come in the form of environmental nuisance and health hazards, poor image of human development index in the country to the outsiders. With incessant increase in their population, consistent reduction of the percentage of productive forces becomes the order of the day. This consequently implies a breakdown in social welfare system and vulnerable socio-environmental system where unsustainability thrives.

Published
2022
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46. Defending the Homeland: A Critical Assessment of Government’s Response to the Boko Haram Insurgency in Nigeria

Author

Tunde Agara, Usamotu Basheer Olalere, and Young Kenneth Irhue

Subjects
government’s response, Boko Haram, insurgency, terrorism, Nigeria, Political science (General), JA1-92, Social Sciences
Abstract

Like all federal systems, Nigeria has had its own fair share of insurgencies which ranged from conflict amongst ethnic nationalities to even religious terrorism. Of course, states have no option than to ensure and assure its citizens safety and security any way and anyhow they can guarantee it. Reprisal attacks on terrorists is a mere bandage method, basically because the wound has already been inflicted, but also since ensuring security is also target hardening, and has little effect on the success or failure of a terrorist attack. Security can only minimise casualties, not prevent attacks, especially those delivered by the terrorist suicide bombers. This paper uses secondary data as a source of information and presents the results of their content analysis to explain Nigeria efforts to protect the citizens. It argues that terrorism is a violent form of insurgency that must be retorted accordingly and any policy response that does not take this into consideration is not only naïve, but also utopian. The paper, then, recommends solutions adapted to particular circumstances. While it supports negotiation with Niger-Delta militants, it objects negotiation with Boko Haram, because these groups are pursuing totally different agendas.

Published
2022
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49. Ecological Change and Livestock Governance in a Peruvian National Park

Author

Young, Kenneth, primary, Alata, Eyner, additional, Chimner, Rodney, additional, Boone, Randall, additional, Bowser, Gillian, additional, Bourgeau-Chavez, Laura, additional, Fuentealba, Beatriz, additional, Gilbert, Jessica, additional, Ñaupari, Javier, additional, Polk, Molly, additional, Resh, Sigrid, additional, Turin, Cecilia, additional, and Zarria-Samanamud, Melody, additional

Published
2023
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