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Background: Watching short videos is an integral part of the daily lives of young and middle-aged people. Nevertheless, the correlation between the screen time spent watching short videos at bedtime and essential hypertension in young and middle-aged people remains unclear. We aimed to explore the correlation between the screen time spent watching short videos at bedtime and essential hypertension among young and middle-aged people and construct a nomogram prediction model for assessing the probability of developing essential hypertension for these age groups. Methods: This study included 4318 young and middle-aged people who underwent medical examinations at Hengshui People's Hospital between January 2023 and September 2023. The collected data, including self-reported screen time spent watching short videos at bedtime and general information, were partitioned into a training set and a test set, with the former being divided into hypertensive and non-hypertensive groups. R programming language was used for statistical analysis and processing. Results: The results of multifactorial logistic analysis showed that screen time of 0< time ≤ 1 h (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.022–6.082, P<0.05), 2< time ≤ 3 h (95% CI: 1.538–4.665, P<0.05), 3< time ≤ 4 h (95% CI: 5.327–16.691, P<0.05), and time>4 h (95% CI: 21.382–78.15, P<0.05) were independently associated with essential hypertension among young and middle-aged people. Sex, age, screen time, occupation, high-sodium diet, physical activity, sleep, overweight or obesity, diabetes or glucose tolerance abnormality, dyslipidaemia, hyperuricaemia, and family history of hypertension were screened to construct a nomogram prediction model. The model had an area under the curve of the participant's work characteristics of 0.934 (95% CI: 0.925–0.943), along with a preferably fitted calibration curve. After model validation using the test dataset, the area under the working characteristic curve for participants was 0.911 (95% CI: 0.895–0.928), and it was a well-fitted calibration plot. Conclusions: The screen time spent watching short videos at bedtime was significantly associated with essential hypertension in young and middle-aged people, and the nomogram was a good predictor of the risk of essential hypertension among young and middle-aged people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Psychosocial maladjustment threatens the recovery of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and early identification of patients with psychosocial maladjustment may facilitate provision of reference to targeted interventions. The aims of this study were to: (1) identify key factors influencing patient psychosocial maladjustment, and (2) develop a machine learning predictive model based on Stacked Generalization. Methods Young and middle-aged patients with AMI (n = 734) were recruited from two tertiary hospitals (Center I and Center II) in Guangdong Province. Sociodemographic Characteristics, Perceived Stress Scale, Fear of Progression Questionnaire-Short Form, and Social Support Rating Scale data were collected before discharge, and psychosocial adjustment assessed one month after discharge using the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale. Six machine learning methods were trained on Center I to analyze the collected data and build a predictive model. Stacked Generalization was adopted to ensemble the models and build a final predictive model. Key factors and their contributions to the model were determined using SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP). Results One month after discharge, psychosocial maladjustment incidence rates in Centers I and II were 59.2% and 58.3%, respectively. Eight key predictors of psychosocial adjustment were selected: employment status, exercise habits, diabetes, number of vascular lesions, chest tightness or chest pain, perceived stress, fear of disease progression, and social support. In the internal validation, Support Vector Classification (SVC) performed better in terms of Brier score, sensitivity, and negative predictive value; Decision Tree (DT) performed better in calibration slope, specificity, and precision; while Random Forest (RF) performed better in terms of area under the curve (AUC), Youden, and accuracy values. An LDS-R model stacked by SVC, logistic regression, DT, and RF, achieved the best comprehensive performance and generalization error, with accuracy = 0.834, AUC = 0.909, precision = 0.855, and calibration slope = 1.066 in external validation, indicating that the model is robust and the most suitable for promotion. SHAP provided insights into the model’s predictions. Conclusion The LDS-R model is a practical tool for identifying patients at high risk for psychosocial maladjustment before discharge. Our identification of significant factors influencing psychosocial maladjustment may inform future development of interventions.

Objective To investigate the effect of extended care APPs based on the transtheoretical model of behavior change on indexes of glucose metabolism and self-management abilities in young and middle-aged patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus. Methods Totally 76 young and middle-aged patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus were divided into the control group (n=38, hospital admission between June and September, 2023) and the study group (n=38, hospital admission between October and December, 2023). Patients in the control group received routine health education during hospitalization, and jointed a Wechat group before discharged form hospital. Follow-up case by telephone was conducted for the discharged patients. In the study group, the extended care APPs based on the transtheoretical model of behavior change was used in continuous tracking management of patients. The Diabetes Self-Care Scale(DSCS) score and indexes of glucose metabolism were compared between two groups before and 6 months after intervention. Results Levels of fasting blood Glucose(FBG), 2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2hPG)and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) decreased in both groups after intervention, and better outcomes of FBG, 2hPG and HbA1c were observed in the study group compared with those in the control group (P＜0. 05). Subscale scores of Diabetes Self-Care Scale (DSCS) in the study group were higher than those in the control group after intervention(P＜0. 01). Conclusion The transtheoretical model-based extended care APPs is effective to improve the self-management abilities and blood glucose control in young and middle-aged patients with newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus (目的 基于行为转变理论, 使用APP平台对初诊青中年糖尿病患者实施延续护理, 探讨其对患者糖代谢指标和自我管理行为的影响。方法 选取于2023年7月—12月医院内分泌科就诊的76例初诊青中年2型糖尿病患者为研究对象。其中2023年7月—9月入院的38例患者为对照组, 2023年10月—12月入院38例患者为研究组。对照组在院内接受常规健康教育, 出院前加入“糖友之家”微信群, 出院后接受3次电话随访。研究组基于行为转变理论, 运用“糖管家”APP实施持续追踪管理。比较干预前和干预6个月后患者自我管理行为得分、糖代谢指标情况。结果 干预后两组空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2小时血糖(2hPG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)较干预前降低, 且研究组FBG、2hPG和HbA1c改善幅度优于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 05)。干预后, 研究组糖尿病自我管理行为量表(DSCS)量表各维度评分高于对照组, 差异有统计学意义(P＜0. 01)。结论 基于行为转变理论的APP延续护理模式能提高初诊中青年糖尿病患者自我管理能力, 改善患者的血糖控制指标。)

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and long-term prognosis of patients aged under 25 years with acute myocardial infarction(AMI). Methods We enrolled the patients aged under 25 years(young group)who were diagnosed with AMI at The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from February 2013 to July 2023. And the patients who were admitted to the hospital during the same period and aged 25-44 years with the same gender and the same infarct sites were selected as the control group(young and middle-aged group)(1:2). The clinical data of the two groups including comorbidities, high risk factors and biochemical indicators were collected and compared, and prognostic factors were analyzed. Results In this study, we enrolled a total of 84 AMI patients: 28 in the young group and 56 in the young and middle-aged group. The patients in young group had single-vessel disease(15/26, 57.7%)and no obvious culprit vessel(7/26, 26.9%); their white blood cell count and uric acid level were significantly higher than those of the young and middle-aged group. The median follow-up was 72.4(25.5, 110.2)months in this study. The results of univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis showed that the younger group(HR=7.925, 95% CI: 1.861-33.749, P=0.005), length of hospital stay(HR=1.183, 95% CI: 1.001-1.398, P=0.048), and complicated typical angina symptoms(HR=0.090, 95%CI: 0.015-0.544, P=0.009)were independent factors affecting the patients' overall surivival. Conclusion Compared to middle-aged and young AMI patients, the younger AMI ones have a worse prognosis. Young patients(under 25 years), length of hospital stay and atypical angina symptoms are the most important risk factors for patients with AMI. Therefore, early detection and identification of AMI in young patients is helpful for improving the patients' prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background The association between the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and the risk of early-onset atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events or all-cause mortality in young and middle-aged people is not fully elucidated. Methods The present study included 64,489 young and middle-aged people who participated in the 2006 Kailuan Study physical examination. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline curves were used to assess the association of TyG index with early-onset ASCVD events and all-cause mortality. Results During a median of 11-year follow-up, 1984 (3.08%) participants experienced at least one ASCVD event and 1,392 (2.16%) participants experienced all-cause death. A higher TyG index was significantly associated with a higher risk of early-onset ASCVD events (HR: 1.61, 95% CI 1.38–1.89) and all-cause mortality (HR: 1.39, 95% CI 1.17–1.65), respectively. For each unit increase in TyG index, the risk of early-onset ASCVD events increased by 20%. In addition, there was a non-linear association between the TyG index and early-onset ASCVD events (P for non-linear

Background: The association between the triglyceride glucose (TyG) index and the risk of early-onset atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) events or all-cause mortality in young and middle-aged people is not fully elucidated. Methods: The present study included 64,489 young and middle-aged people who participated in the 2006 Kailuan Study physical examination. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic spline curves were used to assess the association of TyG index with early-onset ASCVD events and all-cause mortality. Results: During a median of 11-year follow-up, 1984 (3.08%) participants experienced at least one ASCVD event and 1,392 (2.16%) participants experienced all-cause death. A higher TyG index was significantly associated with a higher risk of early-onset ASCVD events (HR: 1.61, 95% CI 1.38–1.89) and all-cause mortality (HR: 1.39, 95% CI 1.17–1.65), respectively. For each unit increase in TyG index, the risk of early-onset ASCVD events increased by 20%. In addition, there was a non-linear association between the TyG index and early-onset ASCVD events (P for non-linear < 0.01), and a linear association between TyG index and all-cause mortality (P for non-linear = 0.476). Conclusions: A higher TyG index is significantly associated with an increased incidence of early-onset ASCVD events and all-cause mortality in a young and middle-aged population from North China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IntroductionPremature death is a global health indicator, significantly impacted by obesity, especially in young and middle-aged population. Both body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) assess obesity, with WC specifically indicating central obesity and showing a stronger relationship with mortality. However, despite known associations between BMI and premature death, as well as the well-recognized correlation between WC and adverse health outcomes, the specific relationship between WC and premature death remains unclear. Therefore, focusing on young and middle-aged individuals, this study aimed to reliably estimate independent and combined associations between WC, BMI and premature death, thereby providing causal evidence to support strategies for obesity management.MethodsThis study involved 49,217 subjects aged 18–50 years in the United States from 1999 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Independent and combined associations between WC and BMI with premature death across sex and age stratum were examined by Cox regression. Survey weighting and inverse probability weighting (IPW) were further considered to control selection and confounding bias. Robustness assessment has been conducted on both NHANES and China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) data.ResultsA linear and positive relationship between WC and all-cause premature death was found in both males and females, with adjusted HRs of 1.019 (95%CI = 1.004–1.034) and 1.065 (95%CI = 1.039–1.091), respectively. Nonlinear relationships were found with respect to BMI and all-cause premature death. For females aged 36–50 with a BMI below 28.6 kg/m2, the risk of premature death decreased as BMI increased, indicated by adjusted HRs of 0.856 (95%CI = 0.790–0.927). Joint analysis showed among people living with obesity, a larger WC increased premature death risk (HR = 1.924, 95%CI = 1.444–2.564).DiscussionWC and BMI exhibited prominent associations with premature death in young and middle-aged population. Maintaining an appropriate WC and BMI bears significant implications for preventing premature death.

This study investigates mental health literacy among young and middle-aged urban and rural residents and the differences in mental health literacy, perceived social support and subjective well-being. From January to February 2022, 620 participants (320 rural and 300 urban residents) from three provinces of China were selected by convenience sampling. A general data questionnaire, mental health literacy scale, perceived social support scale and subjective well-being scale were administered. The mental health literacy scores of urban residents were 3.34 ± 0.57 and those of rural residents were 2.73 ± 0.79. The results of multiple regression analysis showed that the mental health literacy scores of rural residents were more significant than those of urban residents in terms of sex and age, while urban residents' mental health literacy scores were more significant than those of rural residents in terms of monthly income. Mental health literacy, perceived social support and subjective well-being of young and middle-aged urban and rural residents were all positively correlated (P < 0.01). While the level of mental health literacy is better among urban residents than rural residents, perceived social support plays a partial mediating role between mental health literacy and subjective well-being of both urban and rural residents, and should be the focus of researchers seeking to improve the level of well-being of residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BackgroundThe prevalence of varying degrees of post-stroke dysfunctions commonly found in an increasing number of young and middle-aged stroke patients, has hindered them from returning to work quickly, and caused serious socioeconomic burdens. Return-to-work self-efficacy is an important predictor of returning to work, and the assessment of which may provide guidance for promoting patients to return to work. However, there is no scale measuring the return-to-work self-efficacy of Chinese stroke patients.ObjectiveTo develop a Chinese version of the Return-to-work Self-efficacy Questionnaire (RTW-SE) by translating the English version of the RTW-SE, then assess its reliability and validity in young and middle-aged Chinese stroke patients.MethodsBy use of forward and backward translation of the English version of the RTW-SE, the Chinese version of the scale was developed. Then the scale was tested in a sample of 130 cases, and was analyzed for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis. Then, the scale was retested in another sample (n=255) from November 2020 to April 2021 for confirmatory factor analysis. The Pearson correlation and critical ratio were used as parameters for item analysis, and the Cronbach's α and split-half reliability were used as parameters of the reliability of the scale. Content validity and structural validity were adopted as parameters of the scale validity. Content validity was expressed by scale- and item-level content validity indices. Structural validity was evaluated by factor analysis, including exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis.ResultsThe response rates of the test, and retest for the scale were 93.1% (121/130) , and 96.1% (245/255) , respectively. The results of item analysis showed that item-total correlation coefficients ranged from 0.636 to 0.897, with critical ratios greater than 3 for all items (P

To explore the effect of the PRECEDE-PROCEED model (the health professional's ability to apply theories of health behavior) in health education for young and middle-aged patients with lumbar disc herniation. Ninety patients with lumbar disc herniation admitted to our hospital from January 2020 to October 2022 were selected and divided into the control group (n=45) and the observation group (n=45) according to the random number table. The patients in the control group received routine Chinese medicine health education. The patients in the observation group received Chinese medicine health education in the PRECEDE-PROCEED model. The scores of chronic pain self-efficacy, compliance rate, visual analog scale score, and lumbar Japanese orthopedic association score of the two groups were compared. After nursing, the self-efficacy score of chronic pain in the observation group was better than that in the control group (p<0.05); the compliance rate of 95.56 % in the observation group was higher than that of 80 % in the control group (p<0.05); visual analog scale score of patients in the observation group was lower than that in the control group and Japanese orthopedic association score of lumbar vertebrae was higher than that in the control group (p<0.05). PRECEDE-PROCEED model can improve the compliance of young and middle-aged patients with lumbar disc herniation, reduce the occurrence of disease pain, and promote the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To identify coronary heart disease risk factors in young and middle-aged persons and develop a tailored risk prediction model. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was used in this research. From January 2017 to January 2020, 553 patients in the Department of Cardiology at a tertiary hospital in Anhui Province were chosen as research subjects. The research subjects were separated into two groups based on the results of coronary angiography performed during hospitalization (n = 201) and non-coronary heart disease (n = 352). R software (R 3.6.1) was used to analyze the clinical data of the two groups. A logistic regression prediction model and three machine learning models, including BP neural network, Extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost), and random forest, were built, and the best prediction model was chosen based on the relevant parameters of the different machine learning models. Results: Univariate analysis identified a total of 24 indexes with statistically significant differences between coronary heart disease and non-coronary heart disease groups, which were incorporated in the logistic regression model and three machine learning models. The AUCs of the test set in the logistic regression prediction model, BP neural network model, random forest model, and XGBoost model were 0.829, 0.795, 0.928, and 0.940, respectively, and the F1 scores were 0.634, 0.606, 0.846, and 0.887, indicating that the XGBoost model's prediction value was the best. Conclusion: The XGBoost model, which is based on coronary heart disease risk factors in young and middle-aged people, has a high risk prediction efficiency for coronary heart disease in young and middle-aged people and can help clinical medical staff screen young and middle-aged people at high risk of coronary heart disease in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Imaging Science & Photochemistry is the property of Imaging Science & Photochemistry Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

目的 调查中青年居民家庭医生签约情况, 分析中青年对家庭医生服务的签约意愿及其影响因素。方法 2021年6月, 采用随机抽样方法在上海市某区抽取18~60岁居民进行问卷调查, 利用logistic回归分析中青年居民家庭医生签约意愿及其影响因素。结果 在 821 份有效问卷中, 85.5% 中青年居民未签约 (n=702)。其中：女性 (OR=2.11, P=0.001), 上海户籍 (OR=6.98, P < 0.001), 患慢性病种类数≥ 3 (OR=2.08, P=0.044), 生病时会到社区医疗机构首诊 (OR=2.99, P < 0.001) 的居民签约意愿更高；步行到最近的社区卫生服务点的时间为 10~15 min (OR=0.46, P=0.007) 的居民签约意愿最低。除此之外, 居民缺乏认知度 (53.73%) 、到社区医疗机构首诊的习惯 (46.27%), 家庭医生的诊疗水平 (20.61%) 、健全的医疗设施 (18.75%), 就诊享受医疗保险优惠政策 (42.87%) 、各相关部门和大众对家庭医生工作的支持 (29.27%) 以及家庭医生政策的宣传力度 (27.86%) 分别是居民、机构、政府与社会维度影响签约意愿的主要因素。结论 该区中青年人群的签约意愿明显偏低, 建议重点对男性、非上海户籍、居住地离社区卫生服务点较远等特征人群加强签约推进措施, 通过创新政策宣传、提供个性化慢性病管理服务等手段提升中青年居民的家庭医生签约率。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the most notable obesity index and its optimal cut-off point of hypertension in different age groups stratified by sexes among community residents in southern China. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 620 men and 631 women aged 18–59 years were enrolled. The independent-samples t-test and chi-square test were conducted to analyze continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis assessed the association between the obesity indices and hypertension risk. Results: Waist–stature ratio (WSR) and waist–hip ratio (WHR) were the most notable risk factors for hypertension in young men and women, respectively. The odds ratios (ORs) of hypertension risk increased with per standard deviation (SD) in WSR and WHR (WSR: OR = 2.877, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.602 to 5.167; WHR: OR = 10.683, 95%CI = 2.179 to 52.376). In the middle-aged group of both sexes, body mass index (BMI) was the most distinctive risk factor for hypertension, the ORs of hypertension risk increased with per SD in BMI (men: OR = 2.297, 95%CI = 1.683 to 3.136; women: OR = 1.810, 95%CI = 1.338 to 2.450). ROC curve analysis demonstrated WSR and PI were better indicators than other indices among young men, and WSR was the best marker among young women. However, BMI and WC were the most sensitive markers in middle-aged men and women, respectively. Conclusions: In this Chinese population, the association of obesity indices and hypertension is inconsistent in different age groups and sexes. It is important to choose appropriate indicators for specific groups of people.

Background: Psychological problems affect economic development. However, there is a huge gap between mental health service resources and mental health service needs. Existing mental health service technology and platforms cannot meet all the diverse mental health needs of people. Smart medicine is a new medical system based online that can effectively improve the quality and efficiency of medical services and make mental health services accessible., Aim: To explore the level of intelligent medical use among young and middle-aged people and its correlation with psychological factors., Methods: Convenience sampling was used to select 200 young and middle-aged patients with medical experience at the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu between January 2022 and January 2023 as the research subjects. The general condition Questionnaire, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, Symptom Checklist-90, General Health Questionnaire, and Smart Medical Service Use Intention Questionnaire were used to collect data. Pearson's correlation was used to analyze the correlation between the participants' willingness to use smart medical services and their personality characteristics, psychological symptoms, and mental health., Results: The results revealed that the mental health of young and middle-aged people was poor, and some had psychological problems such as anxiety, depression, and physical discomfort. Familiarity, acceptance, and usage of smart healthcare in this population are at a medium level, and these levels correlate with psychological characteristics. Acceptance was positively correlated with E, and negatively correlated with P, anxiety, fear, anxiety/insomnia, and social dysfunction. The degree of use was negatively correlated with P, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, depression, anxiety, hostility, paranoia, and somatic symptoms., Conclusion: The familiarity, acceptance, and usage of smart medical services among the middle-aged and young groups are related to various psychological characteristics., Competing Interests: Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To compare the differences of cognitive function and clinical symptoms between the first-episode young in middle-aged depression patients with and without borderline personality disorder (BPD). Methods: 167 patients with first-episode depression were selected in our hospital from March 2017 to January 2020. 21 patients were excluded according to the standard vertebra, and 146 patients were finally enrolled. The patients with BPD were divided into study group (72 cases) and control group (74 cases). Wechsler Memory Scale (WMS-RC), Wechsler Intelligence Scale (WAIS-RC), Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) were used to assess the cognitive function of the patients in the study group and the control group, and the symptom checklist 90 (SCL-90) was used to assess the patient's clinical symptoms. The relationship between cognitive function and clinical symptoms was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results: The interpersonal sensitivity factor score of the study group was higher than that of the control group (2.22± 0.21) (P<0.05). The scores of immediate memory, verbal IQ and operational IQ in the study group were lower than those in the control group, while the number of persistent errors was more than that in the control group (P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that interpersonal sensitivity of first-episode young in middle-aged depression patients with BPD was negatively correlated with immediate memory, verbal IQ and operational IQ (P<0.05), while positively correlated with persistent error number (P<0.05). Conclusions: The first-episode young in middle-aged depression patients with BPD is more serious than that of patients without BPD, and the interpersonal relationship sensitivity of patients with BPD is higher than that of patients without BPD, and there is a certain correlation between cognitive function and clinical symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To develop a noninvasive screening tool for diagnosing type 2 diabetes among young and middle-aged people in Chinese community. In total, 1432 participants without diabetes diagnosis were enrolled from Chinese communities. Diabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥ 126 mg/dL (≥ 7.0 mmol/L) or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) ≥ 6.5%. The noninvasive diabetes screening model score was developed using the coefficients of the final multivariable logistic regression model. Undiagnosed diabetes was detected using a receiver-operating characteristic curve and the area under the curve (AUC). Of the 1432 participants, 142 (9.9%) were newly diagnosed with diabetes through FPG or HbA1c, 67 (4.7%) through FPG alone, and 121 (8.4%) through HbA1c alone. The noninvasive diabetes screening model was developed using significant risk factors, namely age, family history of diabetes, hypertension, waist circumference, body mass index, smoking, daily consumption of vegetables, and daily consumption of fruits. The cutoff score of 22.5 was the optimum to detect undiagnosed diabetes with an AUC of 0.758 (95% confidence interval 0.714–0.803), sensitivity of 83.1%, and specificity of 60.0%. We developed a practical and effective noninvasive screening tool for detecting undiagnosed diabetes among young and middle-aged people in Chinese community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the most notable obesity index and its optimal cut-off point of hypertension in different age groups stratified by sexes among community residents in southern China. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 620 men and 631 women aged 18–59 years were enrolled. The independent-samples t-test and chi-square test were conducted to analyze continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis assessed the association between the obesity indices and hypertension risk. Results: Waist–stature ratio (WSR) and waist–hip ratio (WHR) were the most notable risk factors for hypertension in young men and women, respectively. The odds ratios (ORs) of hypertension risk increased with per standard deviation (SD) in WSR and WHR (WSR: OR = 2.877, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.602 to 5.167; WHR: OR = 10.683, 95%CI = 2.179 to 52.376). In the middle-aged group of both sexes, body mass index (BMI) was the most distinctive risk factor for hypertension, the ORs of hypertension risk increased with per SD in BMI (men: OR = 2.297, 95%CI = 1.683 to 3.136; women: OR = 1.810, 95%CI = 1.338 to 2.450). ROC curve analysis demonstrated WSR and PI were better indicators than other indices among young men, and WSR was the best marker among young women. However, BMI and WC were the most sensitive markers in middle-aged men and women, respectively. Conclusions: In this Chinese population, the association of obesity indices and hypertension is inconsistent in different age groups and sexes. It is important to choose appropriate indicators for specific groups of people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Nursing of Integrated Traditional Chinese & Western Medicine is the property of Journal of Clinical Nursing in Practice (Editorial Board, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Press) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the role of two-dimensional speckle-tracking imaging (2D-STI) and myocardial layer-specific analysis in evaluating early left ventricular (LV) myocardial function and systolic dyssynchrony in young and middle-aged uremic patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis (PD)., Methods: We enrolled 31 PD patients aged ≤65 years with preserved LV ejection fraction (LVEF, ≥54%) as the PD group and 49 age-matched healthy people as the control group. Echocardiography was used to assess the left atrial diameter index (LADI, LAD/BSA), LV mass index (LVMI), LVEF, peak early diastolic velocity/late diastolic velocity (E/A) (measured by pulsed Doppler), and peak early diastolic velocity (by pulsed Doppler)/peak velocity of the early diastolic wave (by pulsed-wave tissue Doppler) (E/e'). Next, we used 2D-STI and myocardial layer-specific analysis to obtain longitudinal strains (LS) of the endocardium (LSendo), the myocardium (LSmyo), the epicardium (LSepi), and the global myocardium (GLS). Then, we measured the postsystolic index (PSI) to evaluate LV myocardial function. Time to peak LS (TTP) and peak strain dispersion (PSD) from 17 consecutive segments were assessed to quantify LV dyssynchrony., Results: Compared with the controls, PD patients had significantly increased LADI (p = 0.041), LVMI (p = 0.000), and E/e' (p = 0.009), but reduced LVEF (p = 0.000) and E/A (p = 0.000). The average values of GLS (GLS avg) (p = 0.01) and GLS of the apical 2-chamber view (p = 0.003), including the LSendo (p = 0.024), LSmyo (p = 0.024), and LSepi (p = 0.032), were significantly decreased in patients with PD compared with controls. In PSI, segments of LS were markedly delayed in the anterior septum (p = 0.047), anterior (p = 0.000) and septum wall (p = 0.024) from basal segments, anterior wall (p = 0.001) from middle segments, and anterior (p = 0.024) and inferior (p = 0.024) wall from apical segments. Moreover, PSD was significantly increased in PD patients (p = 0.015), while TTP was evidently delayed in the anterior septum (p = 0.004), anterior (p = 0.000) and posterior (p = 0.042) wall from basal segments, and inferior wall (p = 0.048) from apical segments., Conclusions: Despite preserved LVEF, young and middle-aged PD patients developed LV dysfunction and myocardial systolic dyssynchrony earlier compared with controls., (© 2018 S. Karger AG, Basel.)