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With the continuous development of the world economy and people's living level, the demand for clothing comfort and fitness has become increasingly prominent. In the process of online clothing consumption, it is difficult for consumers to try on and choose suitable clothes. How to analyze the human body shape quickly and accurately is an urgent problem to be solved. Increasing attention has been paid to non-contact two-dimensional anthropometry, with the recognition and matching of human body contour being the key research direction. Many domestic and foreign scholars have carried out substantial studies, and put forward a variety of methods such as RBF neural network, cubic spline function, least square method and Fourier coefficient, but these methods can not fuzzy match the human body shape. The shape context method has also been used for shape matching. Although this method can improve the accuracy and speed of matching, it is still difficult to match human form with the shape context. Therefore, this study focused on how to describe human body contour shape quantitatively based on three-dimensional point cloud data of human body. An angular radium-based contour description method was proposed. One hundred and eighty-seven young male college students aged 18-25 were selected as research objects, and three-dimensional point cloud data were obtained by three-dimensional scanning method. Then the reverse engineering software was used to identify the feature points of the human trunk and intercept the silhouette of the front and lateral trunk. The frontal and lateral trunk coordinate systems were established respectively, and 27 frontal and 60 lateral angular radii were extracted to establish the frontal and lateral trunk form angular radii database based on three-dimensional human point cloud. In order to obtain the human body with a similar shape, the angular radius was used as the reference to judge whether the cross-section shape of the characteristic parts was consistent, and the similarity was quantified by the root mean square of the shape description index. Finally, the angular radius value extracted by 14 subjects was taken as the object to be matched, and the root-mean- square error method was used to achieve the similarity matching of the torso shape of the three-dimensional point cloud cross-section. The effectiveness of the method was verified by the MatchSharp operator in the OpenCV framework. The results of the two matching methods showed that the 13 subjects matched the frontal and lateral sections of the trunk with an accuracy of 92.86%. To further prove the accuracy of the matching method, the measurement parameters of human characteristic parts were tested by T test. The results showed that the error range of the ratio of width and thickness was between 0.053 and 0.48, and the error of the angle ranged from 3.29° to 2.73°, with Sig. values being greater than 0.05. Therefore, the matching method proposed in this study has certain feasibility. This study provides a new way for human body shape similarity matching, theoretical basis and technical support for human body 3D point cloud based morphological analysis and 3D reconstruction research, and can be further used for 3D virtual reconstruction based on human body photos. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Background Primary renal squamous cell carcinoma is a scarce entity, and its presentation as a discharging sinus is still exceptionally rare. We hereby report a case of a renal cell carcinoma in a young gentleman. Case presentation We report a case of a 20-year-old gentleman who presented with clinical features suggestive of left side xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XGPN). He had undergone multiple endourological procedures for left side renal calculi in the past. We present the clinical presentation, diagnostic dilemmas and treatment for this patient. We performed an open radical nephrectomy for this patient. Our case report is unique from the point of view of nature of presentation to the final histopathological outcome in terms of age group of the patient. Here we present the clinical management and dilemmas in the management of this unusual and rare case. Conclusions Our case report and presentation has taught us that we as clinicians must have a high index of suspicion for a renal malignancy when treating patients who present with pyonephrosis associated with long-standing calculi diseases, irrespective of the age group of the patient.

Male graduates are faced with many challenges when transitioning into work life after graduation. This transition from university to the workplace is one of the most important developmental stages in a young adult's life. It has an important impact on their careers and causes increased stress levels. Often, young men are suffering from mental health challenges and feel as though they cannot seek the appropriate help. Thus, it is necessary to determine how young male graduates cope with the changes experienced in this period, especially relating to their sense of coherence and salutogenesis. The aim of the study is to investigate the transition from university to the workplace and to understand their stress and well-being experiences in terms of activating the three sense of coherence components for coping. A qualitative approach is employed through the use of semi-structured interviews with 10 male South African university graduates. A content analysis technique was used to analyse the qualitative data. The findings indicate that most of the young male graduates understand the transition from university to the workplace and the challenges that come with it (comprehensibility). They also have the necessary personal resources to cope with the stress (manageability) while experiencing this life phase as meaningful (meaningfulness). To understand the transition into the workforce was the most important aspect to stay health during the transition. However, male graduates mainly coped by applying their personal coping strategies and mechanisms and thereby managed their transition mainly by themselves, not based on organizational structures or integrative processes. Meaning applied to the transitional process mainly derived from their personal concepts of creating a meaningful life, not as such from the meaning applied to the work or position they held. The findings provide insights which can be used by higher education institutions to prepare graduates for the transition into the workforce and for organizations to develop programmes for graduates to improve their transition into the organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cases of thromboembolic events in 2021 flared up the discussion about the safety of Astra Zeneca’s AZD1222 vaccine. We hereby report three cases of pulmonary embolism (PE), one case of extended portal vein thrombosis, and one case of combined portal vein thrombosis and PE within 2 weeks after vaccination with the Astra Zeneca AZD1222 vaccine in a 60-year-old, a 50-year old, a 33-year-old, a 30-year old, and a 40-year-old male in that year. All patients were healthy before. In three patients, we observed thrombocytopenia and to some extent unusually low antibody levels for the Spike Protein (S-protein), while the other two had normal thrombocyte counts. Only one patient had anti-platelet factor 4 (PF4)-antibodies detectable as it has been described in the “heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)-like” disease of “vaccine-induced prothrombotic immune thrombocytopenia” (VIPIT) and we therefore assume that heterogeneous mechanisms led to PE. Therefore, we advise to collect and report more cases, in order to determine the age-related risks of vaccination balanced against the benefits of immunity to SARS-COV-2 for the AZD1222 vaccine in order to gain knowledge for the next pandemic.

Male graduates are faced with many challenges when transitioning into work life after graduation. This transition from university to the workplace is one of the most important developmental stages in a young adult's life. It has an important impact on their careers and causes increased stress levels. Often, young men are suffering from mental health challenges and feel as though they cannot seek the appropriate help. Thus, it is necessary to determine how young male graduates cope with the changes experienced in this period, especially relating to their sense of coherence and salutogenesis. The aim of the study is to investigate the transition from university to the workplace and to understand their stress and well-being experiences in terms of activating the three sense of coherence components for coping. A qualitative approach is employed through the use of semi-structured interviews with 10 male South African university graduates. A content analysis technique was used to analyse the qualitative data. The findings indicate that most of the young male graduates understand the transition from university to the workplace and the challenges that come with it (comprehensibility). They also have the necessary personal resources to cope with the stress (manageability) while experiencing this life phase as meaningful (meaningfulness). To understand the transition into the workforce was the most important aspect to stay health during the transition. However, male graduates mainly coped by applying their personal coping strategies and mechanisms and thereby managed their transition mainly by themselves, not based on organizational structures or integrative processes. Meaning applied to the transitional process mainly derived from their personal concepts of creating a meaningful life, not as such from the meaning applied to the work or position they held. The findings provide insights which can be used by higher education institutions to prepare graduates for the transition into the workforce and for organizations to develop programmes for graduates to improve their transition into the organization.

Thyroid Eye Disease also known as Thyroid Associated Orbitopathy, Grave's Disease is typically a self-limiting autoimmune process associated with dysthyroid states usually manifesting in middle age. The clinical presentation may vary from very mild disease to severe irreversible sight threatening complications. Primary risk factors for TED are environmental influences especially smoking, previous pathogen exposures, stress, previous use of radio iodine and complex genetic components. Here we report a case of 25-year-old male who presented to our OPD with complaints of swelling of eyes, photophobia, lacrimation since 3days. Bilateral mild proptosis, severe congestion and conjunctival injection with 20/20 vision in both eyes were noted on examination. Blood investigations showed Eu-clinical Thyroid state whereas MRI Brain and Orbits showed all four Recti muscle belly enlargement. This case emphasizes one of the rare presentations of TED in accordance to Age, Sex and Clinical status of the thyroid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Superficial CD34-positive fibroblastic tumor (SPFT) is an extremely rare neoplasm of borderline (intermediate) category. To the best of our knowledge, less than 40 cases have been reported in the English literature. It is imperative to understand and emphasize its cytological features as fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is still considered a first line of investigation in such cases in many countries including India. We present a case of a young male aged 27 years who presented to the General Surgery OPD with a history of slow-growing mass over right thigh for 7 years. FNAC and subsequent histopathological examination revealed a diagnosis of SPFT., (© 2024 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Aim: Ballistic injuries during the Great March of Return (GMR) protests in Gaza have resulted in young, civilian amputees. This article defines this unique population, their injuries and clinical variables that impacted on amputation.Method: A multidisciplinary team (MDT) assessed 103 lower limb amputees (104 stumps). Individualized prescriptions of care were formulated and applied for both stump and prosthesis management. The cohort's health state was assessed at screening by applying the EQ-5D-L5 questionnaire. The EQ-5D-L5 will be repeated on completion of the prescription of care.Results: The population is predominantly young, male, suffering unilateral amputation with an equal ratio of above knee (AKA) to below knee (BKA) amputations. 18% were amputated immediately and 82% with delay. Most amputations occur within 15 days of gunshot wound (GSW). All tissue elements were affected by the severe, ballistic injury. Division, gapping and tissue loss consolidated the decision for amputation rather than limb salvage. Knee zone injury was common, influencing the high numbers AKAs. Primary injury ramified beyond the amputated leg: 38% have contralateral leg injuries. 20% had physiological challenges requiring Intensive care unit (ICU) admissions. Infection was reported in 49% of amputees with 12% reporting acute sepsis. Psychologically, 49% reported severe, or extreme, anxiety and depression. AKAs were associated with greater morbidity: amputees are significantly younger, have more proximal vascular injuries, receive delayed amputations and experience longer time intervals to stump healing. ICU care and contralateral leg injuries were more frequent. One third of amputees used their prostheses', one third did not and one third do not have a prosthesis yet. The limiting factor for repair was supply of materials. 11% of amputees needed no adjustment to stump or prosthesis. Surgical stump revision was recommended in 26% of stumps and prosthetic management in 41%. A further 22%, subject to the success or failure of prescribed prosthetic adjustment, could require stump revision.Conclusion: Youth, proximal injury, high numbers of AKA, psychosocial issues and the need for stump and prosthetic support define this group of amputees. Unifying expertise within a National MDT will promote continuity of care necessary for decades to come. The ultimate aim is an evidence-based amputee care system in Gaza, with lower limb specialists promoting best outcomes, judicious allocation of funds and maximising amputee quality of life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & objectives: Insulin-like growth factor -1 (IGF-1) has a variety of roles, but the abundance of scientific evidence indicates that it is a metabolic biomarker associated with physical fitness and health. The present study investigates the effect of eight weeks of polarized exercise training on serum GH / IGF-1- indices in active young men. Methods: In this double-blind experimental study, 20 young males were allocated randomly into polarized training group (N=10) and a control group (N=10). The polarized training group performed 80-70% of the main workout volume (30 minutes) with light to moderate with 50-60% reserve heart rate (RHR) intensity and the remaining 20-30% at 85-95% RHR intensity; in a way that they ran two periods consisting 3 repetitions of 15-30 seconds, with 30-60 seconds of active rest after each repetition and 3 minutes of active rest after each period. Blood samples were taken from all subjects in three stages, including: pre-test stages, 24 hours before the start of the post-test, and after 12 hours overnight fasting. Post-test samples were collected, one sample immediately after the first session and the another 48 hours after the end of the last exercise session. Results: The results of the present study showed that bipolar training significantly increased growth hormone and free IGF-I levels after one training session, and after eight-week bipolar training program. However, total IGF-1 levels decreased significantly after one exercise session and after eight-week bipolar exercise program. Also, no significant change was observed in IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-5 levels after one training session and eight-week training program. Acid-labile subunit levels did not change significantly after one training session, but decreased significantly after eight weeks of bipolar training. Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, it seems that the use of bipolar exercises, training may be a good way to improve the hormonal function and assess the level of health and physical fitness of active young men.

Zinner syndrome is a rare congenital abnormality of the mesonephric (Wolffian) duct consisting of unilateral renal agenesis, ipsilateral seminal vesicle cyst, and ipsilateral ejaculatory duct obstruction. The syndrome usually presents in the second or third decade of life mainly after the beginning of sexual activity and usually in the form of voiding manifestations. The main imaging modality is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); however, usually suspected in transabdominal sonography, which may give initial clue to the diagnosis. Herein, we report a rare case of a 24 - year male with right renal agenesis with cystic pelvic mass diagnosed as Zinner syndrome via multimodality imaging.

The features of abscess that forms in cellulitis patients were investigated. Among 449 cellulitis cases, about 15% developed abscess, and about 70% of teenaged patients were abscess cases. Furthermore, abscess in the younger age group occurred almost exclusively among male patients. The lesion was predominantly concentric at all ages in the abscess group and in teenagers in the non‐abscess group. In contrast, it was diffuse in patients ≥20 years old in the non‐abscess group. The clinical symptoms and laboratory values in the abscess group were generally more severe than those in the non‐abscess group, especially in the older age group. The abscess sizes increased with the initial area of the lesions. Most abscess cases received incision, and post‐incision ulcers were mostly conservatively treated. The duration required for treatment termination was >30 days longer in the abscess group than in the non‐abscess group. When post‐incision ulcers were conservatively treated, the duration until healing increased with abscess size. However, the durations did not significantly differ between the conservatively and surgically treated groups. When surgically treated, many ulcers healed within 19 days after operation and the outpatient follow‐up period tended to be relatively short. Most teenaged patients were student athletes, and thus needed an early return to competition. The main cause in these patients was bruising during sports, with rugby football the most common causative sport. Ulcer closure by operation was suggested to be preferable for shortening the outpatient follow‐up period, especially for student athlete patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Recently, there has been growing interest in the gut–brain axis because it is emerging as a player influencing the health status of the host human. It is a known fact that the gut microbiome (GM) through the gut–brain axis has been implicated in numerous diseases. We previously reported that stool condition was associated with pain perception. Stool consistency and constipation are known to be associated with GM composition. Thus, we imagine that GM composition could influence pain perception. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlations between GM composition and pain perception and psychological states in young healthy male subjects. Subjects A total of 42 healthy young male volunteers completed the present study. Methods The volunteers' pain perceptions were assessed by pressure pain threshold, current perception threshold, temporal summation of pain, and conditioned pain modulation, and a questionnaire on psychological state was obtained. During the current perception threshold examination, we used 5, 250, and 2,000 Hz to stimulate C, Aδ, and Aβ fibers. In addition, GM composition was evaluated by using 16S rRNA analysis. Results Pressure pain threshold showed a significant and negative correlation with Bacteroidetes phylum, in contrast to a significant and positive correlation with Firmicutes phylum. Current perception threshold of Aδ and Firmicutes phylum showed a significant correlation. There was a negative correlation between anxiety state and Bifidobacterium genus. In contrast, there was no significant correlation between psychological states and pain perceptions. Conclusion The present study showed that acute pain perception was associated with GM composition in young healthy males. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vaccinations are the main tool being used to control the COVID-19 pandemic. When the Japanese Ministry of Health approved the Moderna mRNA-1273 vaccination in May 2021, it was limited to patients over 18 years old; however, using the additional data of efficacy and safety from clinical trials, vaccination was approved for 12- to 17-year-olds in Japan in July 2021. A previous study reported that myocarditis after the mRNA-1273 vaccination was more prevalent in young men; however, no patients under 18 years old with myocarditis diagnosed by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) findings after mRNA-1273 vaccination have been reported in Japan. In the present case, a 17-year-old healthy male developed arthralgia and had fever on the day of the second mRNA-1273 vaccination for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Three days after the vaccination, the patient felt severe chest pain with broad ST elevations on electrocardiography and troponin T elevations. Symptoms and findings rapidly improved; however, on CMR, myocarditis remained. Thus, it is necessary to be vigilant of potential acute myocarditis in young men following mRNA-1273 vaccination. Although it is very rare, acute myocarditis after mRNA-1273 (Moderna) vaccination developed within 3–5 days following the second dose of the vaccine. Most reported cases were mild or moderate in severity, but there were cases of cardiogenic shock. We need to be vigilant of acute myocarditis in young men following mRNA-1273 vaccination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) rarely occurs in children or young males. In this case report, a 29-year-old male patient diagnosed with BPH coexisting with ketamine-associated uropathy was reported to investigate the possible relationship between BPH and ketamine-associated uropathy as well as therapeutic strategies. Case presentation A 29-year-old male patient with a 3-year history of ketamine inhalation, complaining of dysuria with frequency and urgency, was admitted. Hydronephrosis, hydroureters, uneven bladder wall thickening and a tumour located in the outlet of the bladder were detected with computed tomography (CT). The patient agreed to cystoscopy under general anaesthesia. A spherical tumour with a diameter of approximately 2 cm was found to originate from the median lobe of the prostate and follicular lesions were diffusely distributed on the right bladder wall. The tumour and follicular lesions in the bladder were resected successfully, and pathology demonstrated BPH and chronic inflammation of the mucous membranes separately. The patient quit ketamine completely during the one-year follow-up. Dysuria was relieved completely and no tumour or follicular neoplasm recurrence was found. Contribution Inflammation in the urothelium, as a direct or indirect consequence of ketamine, may contribute to the development of BPH. Both surgical interventions to remove obstruction and ketamine cessation are necessary approaches.

Chronic cough and chest pain should be dealt seriously in a young adult. Sometimes we may miss a diagnosis in such patients. We present a case of Pulmonary Langerhans Histiocytosis who presented with complaints of cough and chest pain

The purpose of this article is to report a case of a 38-year-old man with complaint of dry cough. The physician noticed a neck swelling that was never investigated because it did not cause any serious trouble to the patient. Diagnostic workup revealed primary follicular thyroid carcinoma with cannonball secondaries in lungs, contrary to female and elderly age group preponderance.

Background: Bartter syndrome is an autosomal recessive salt reabsorption disorder that results in decreased extracellular fluid volume with low/normal blood pressure., Case Presentation: A 17-year-old boy with polydipsia, polyuria, weakness in the lower limbs, and ataxic gait. His Laboratory test shows hypokalemia; hypochloremia, hypomagnesemia and metabolic alkalosis. The authors' patient was managed by fluid and electrolyte replacement, which is essential in emergency management., Conclusion: Bartter syndrome is difficult to treat, and currently, there is no complete cure. The overall prognosis depends on the extent of receptor dysfunction, and despite these facts, most patients can live a normal life if they strictly follow their treatment plan., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest.Sponsorships or competing interests that may be relevant to content are disclosed at the end of this article., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)

Acute pulmonary embolism is a common, treatable, but potentially fatal condition which is currently the third most common cause of cardiovascular death. We describe 2 case reports of young active otherwise healthy male, presenting with dry irritating cough and shortness of breath of short duration .A persistent tachycardia, tachypnea, negative Troponin T test, with dilated right atrium (RA), right ventricle (RV) and elevated pulmonary artery (PA) pressure on echocardiography made us suspect pulmonary artery embolism. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) done urgently confirmed diagnosis of pulmonary artery thrombosis. Prompt treatment with antifibrinolytic and anticoagulant relieved them from symptoms and saved them from a mortal condition. Later on Protein S deficiency was established. [J Med Allied Sci 2018; 8(2.000): 86-90]

Purpose: In developing countries, a higher percentage of patients develop cancer at a younger age. Cancer survival rates have significantly improved, highlighting the importance of survivorship programs that address late complications related to cancer itself or its treatment. The purpose of this study is to estimate the prevalence of fertility counseling and sperm banking and related factors among at-risk males newly diagnosed with cancer and planning to receive a potentially curative anticancer therapy.Methods: Medical records and hospital database of young male patients with newly diagnosed cancers and planned to start chemotherapy were reviewed for fertility counseling and sperm cryopreservation. Additionally, a self-administered questionnaire was utilized.Results: A total of 186 patients, mean age 32.9 (range: 18-53) years, were included. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma 59 (31.7%), leukemia 48 (25.8%), and Hodgkin's lymphoma 26 (14.0%) were the most common tumors encountered. A total of 129 (75.0%) respondents received fertility counseling prior to their treatment, and this rate was higher among patients with early-stage disease (82.4% vs. 58.1%, p = 0.038). However, sperm banking was performed by 33.1% of the whole study group but was significantly higher among single patients (53.4% vs. 17.7%, p < 0.001), those who had no children (51.8% vs. 14.3%, p < 0.001), and among highly educated patients (47.6% vs. 17.1%, p = 0.001). Patients failed to do sperm banking because they were not informed about the risk of infertility (26.2%) or service availability (25.4%). Fear of treatment delay was a reason in 20.0%.Conclusions: Fertility counseling and sperm banking among cancer patients are not optimal. Many patients failed to do sperm banking because of avoidable reasons. Better communication and patients' education will probably improve the utilization of this vital service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Meandros Medical & Dental Journal is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Optic perineuritis (OPN) is a rare inflammation involving the meningeal sheath surrounding the optic nerve. Clinically it is difficult to differentiate OPN with optic neuritis, but it is critical to have an accurate diagnosis as both the diseases have different regime of treatment. Here we report a case of bilateral optic perineuritis in a young Malay male. Case Report: A healthy 15 years old young Malay boy presented with subacute, painless and severe blurring of vision in his both eyes, worse on the right. Relative afferent pupillary defect was negative in both eyes. Patient had bilateral generalised optic disc swelling, which is more severe on the right eye. Typical feature of optic perineuritis (OPN) ‘doughnut sign’ was observed on magnetic resonance imaging. Connective tissue and infective screening were negative. He was diagnosed with bilateral idiopathic optic perineuritis. He was treated with high dose intravenous corticosteroids followed by a three-month course slow tapering of oral steroids. His vision and optic nerve function recovered. Conclusion: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a vital diagnostic tool to diagnose optic perineuritis. Longer steroid treatment has to be given to prevent relapse of the disease and further damage to the optic nerve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pulmonary embolism remains a disease which needs high clinical suspicion to prevent mortality and morbidity. More so in young healthy individuals, suspicion is very low as compared to old age individuals with multiple co-morbid conditions. Pulmonary embolism carries high mortality if not suspected and treatment initiated as early as possible. There are two case reports of young male individuals who presented as acute onset of breathlessness and later diagnosed and treated as a case of pulmonary thromboembolism.

The study aimed at evaluating post-exercise cardiopulmonary responses in young adult males who masticated and ingested Cola nitida prior to moderate exercise. The cardiopulmonary responses studied were heart rate, pulse pressure and respiratory rate. A total of 20 apparently healthy male volunteers were studied. They were subdivided into 4 subgroups A, B, C and D. The subjects in Group A served as control and were not given Cola nitida, while the subjects in groups B, C and D were given 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg of Cola nitida respectively. Prior to the exercise baseline cardiopulmonary parameter were recorded using standard clinical methods. The subjects subsequently chewed and ingested appropriate doses of Cola nitida. Ninety minutes post ingestion; they warmed up for 5 minutes and then mounted the threadmill at an inclination of 2% at 5mph for 30 minutes. Thereafter the immediate cardiopulmonary responses such as pulse rate, pulse pressure and respiratory rate were recorded one minute post exercise. Results were presented as Mean ± SD and analyzed using appropriate ANOVA with post hoc Tukey HSD test and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Overall, Cola nitida potentiated (p < 0.05) the percentage increase in cardiopulmonary responses observed in this study. However, irrespective of the dose of Cola nitida ingested the percentage increase in pulse rates were not different (p > 0.05) amongst test groups. Cola nitida increases the post-moderate-exercise pulse rate, pulse pressure and respiratory rate in young male adults. Keywords: exercise, cola nitida, cardiopulmonary, young male

Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a rare primary odontogenic tumor that has histological features of both ameloblastoma and carcinoma. The term AC was introduced by Elzay. In the last update of the World Health Organization classification, published in 2005, AC is defined as a rare odontogenic malignancy that combines the histological features of ameloblastoma with cytological atypia, even in the absence of metastases. It may develop de novo (primary type) or by malignant transformation of an ameloblastoma (secondary type) with a distinction between carcinoma ex intraosseous ameloblastoma and carcinoma ex peripheral ameloblastoma. Malignant ameloblastomas represent tumors that metastasize while both primary and metastatic lesions retain their benign histological appearance. We report a case of AC of the mandible in a 32-year-old male patient with clinical and radiological images and pathological features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed at evaluating post-exercise cardiopulmonary responses in young adult males who masticated and ingested Cola nitida prior to moderate exercise. The cardiopulmonary responses studied were heart rate, pulse pressure and respiratory rate. A total of 20 apparently healthy male volunteers were studied. They were subdivided into 4 subgroups A, B, C and D. The subjects in Group A served as control and were not given Cola nitida, while the subjects in groups B, C and D were given 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg of Cola nitida respectively. Prior to the exercise baseline cardiopulmonary parameter were recorded using standard clinical methods. The subjects subsequently chewed and ingested appropriate doses of Cola nitida. Ninety minutes post ingestion; they warmed up for 5 minutes and then mounted the threadmill at an inclination of 2% at 5mph for 30 minutes. Thereafter the immediate cardiopulmonary responses such as pulse rate, pulse pressure and respiratory rate were recorded one minute post exercise. Results were presented as Mean ± SD and analyzed using appropriate ANOVA with post hoc Tukey HSD test and p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Overall, Cola nitida potentiated (p < 0.05) the percentage increase in cardiopulmonary responses observed in this study. However, irrespective of the dose of Cola nitida ingested the percentage increase in pulse rates were not different (p > 0.05) amongst test groups. Cola nitida increases the post-moderate-exercise pulse rate, pulse pressure and respiratory rate in young male adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Proliferating Trichilemmal Tumour (PTT) is a rapidly growing large cutaneous adnexal neoplasm. Although biologically considered as benign, it may be locally aggressive. Malignant transformation of these lesions, known as Malignant Proliferating Trichilemmal Tumour (MPTT) has rarely been reported. So far in the literature, only 39 well-documented cases of MPTT have been reported. MPTT has been stated to be a neoplasm of the older age group according to review of the literature. We present a case of MPTT in a young male. A 25 year old male presented with a scalp swelling of 2 years duration with a recent rapid enlargement. The swelling was excised and histopathological examination of the excised specimen revealed features of MPTT. The differential diagnosis of MPTTis squamous cell carcinoma as both share common features. Accurate diagnosis of MPTT is essential since it has a tendency to metastasize and recur more frequently than squamous cell carcinoma.

Lymphomas account for approximately 2% of all malignancies of the thyroid gland. Infiltration of T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) into the thyroid gland is rare. This case is presented on account of the rarity of T-LBL infiltration into the thyroid gland. A 22-year-old male, diagnosed case of T-LBL by left cervical lymph node biopsy and immunohistochemistry (IHC) and on chemotherapy, presented with a thyroid swelling after 6 months of diagnosis of T-LBL. Ultrasound imaging of the neck showed symmetrically enlarged thyroid gland. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the thyroid swelling showed infiltration of lymphoma cells into the thyroid gland, which was confirmed with IHC. T-LBL is a high-grade lymphoma which rarely infiltrates the thyroid gland. Intensive chemotherapy regimens and long-term maintenance therapy improve the prognosis of T-LBL.

A 22-year-old man has consulted in emergency for acute urinary retention and left renal colic. Bladder catheterization was performed. Symptomatic treatment was provided with no improvement. MRI showed a pseudotumoral bladder wall thickening associated with vesical floor budding with prostate median lobe infiltration. The patient got an endoscopy that concluded to an inflammatory aspect of the bladder mycosa and a solid mass in the bladder neck arising. The biopsy during examination concluded to a glandular cystitis. Ultrasonography performed six months later still showed an enlarged prostate of 60g volume, post void residue of 280ml and bilateral hydronephrosis. A second cystoscopy showed an obstructive prostate with a median lobe. A transurethral resection of this lobe was performed. The pathological examination concluded to a benign prostate hyperplasia. This case is likely to be the first reported so far about a BPH in a young male associated with Cystitis Glandularis. Neither etiology nor evidence of the cause behind this case has been identified so far. Although Benign Prostate Hypertrophia is rare among young males, its ethiopathogenesis is not well known, its relation with cystitis glanduralis in young patients has never been described before. Both medical and surgical approaches remain similar to the adults.