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Constitutional patriotism is a concept that developed as a political theory in the German postwar period, in which instead of the nation and the formal mentioning of a common ethnic identity, the state in the form of a plural and liberal constitution, with the universal promise of equality and human dignity becomes the benchmark for societal identification. Although it has been loosely applied to Western civilizations throughout the past decades, constitutional patriotism especially experiences a renaissance in postcolonial societies today, where pluralist constitutional values often clash with majoritarian political realities. By making the argument that constitutional patriotism has a unique postcolonial value to it, an observation that both the Indian Constitution itself and recent developments in majority-Muslim Kashmir have made more visible than ever, this paper attempts to resume an old discussion around this arguably solely Western lens of constitutional analysis and presents it in a new light and context by proposing a general theory of constitutional patriotism for the marginalized, as applicable to postcolonial states. As such, this article attempts to situate constitutional patriotism within a postcolonial political theory tradition and illustrates that it can create value to people of various states beyond the West. While highlighting the uniqueness of the Indian Constitution for integration and its pluralist and liberal foundation, this analysis tries to show that the Indian Constitution is a particularly fitting example for constitutional patriotism, not just because of specific public cases, but especially due to its inherent provision dogmatics for minorities and marginalized groups, and makes an effort to put constitutional patriotism in its practical place by demonstrating its activist dimension through a particular focus on Kashmir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the frequency of complications associated with peripheral venous cannulation in admitted patients and to check for any association between days left in situ and frequency of complications. Study Design: Prospective Observational Study. Place and Duration: The study was conducted at Khyber Teaching Hospital Peshawar from 1st January 2018 to 31st July 2018. Methodology: All peripherally placed Intravenous lines were monitored from the time of insertion of the cannulas up to 48 hours after removal for development of complications like Phlebitis, Cellulitis and Abscess formation along with recording of all the hygienic and antiseptic measures used by the health care provider. Results: The most common peripheral venous cannulation associated complication was phlebitis at the rate of 40.8% on the dorsum of the right hand and dorsum of left hand which was were the most frequent sites for insertion 23.3%. Aseptic measures were used in less than 1% of patients (2/279), while gloves were used in 9.3% of patients by the health care worker inserting the cannula (26/279). A significant association was found between Increased duration of cannulation and the development of complications (p <0.05). Conclusion: The frequency of PVCs associated complications are much higher in present study. It has shown that complications were higher in those when aseptic measures are not taken. Similarly, complications increase with increase in number of days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, biosorption behavior of a green filamentous alga, spirogyra in its native and modified states was investigated for copper removal from an electroplating industrial effluent. For this, the effluent containing 194 mg·L-1 Cu2+ in sulfate medium was contacted with both forms of spirogyra, under the parametric variations of effluent pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, and sorption temperature. The study revealed spirogyra as a prominent candidate for removing contaminant metal cation; however, at the same condition, biosorption capacity of modified biomass in gel form was higher than the native spirogyra. At the optimized condition with 6 g sorbent dosage treated to 100 mL effluent for 30 min at pH 6.0 and temperature 20 °C, the maximum 82.8% and 96.4% copper could be adsorbed by the native and modified spirogyra, respectively. The batch sorption data using native biomass followed pseudo-first-order kinetic; exhibiting the multilayer sorption mechanism via surface diffusion could be defined by the Freundlich model. In contrast, the sulfuric acid treated modified spirogyra followed pseudo-second-order kinetics and intra particle diffusion as the rate-limiting step. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metachromatic Leukodystrophy is a lysosomal storage autosomal recessive disease characterized by arylsulphatase enzyme deficiency, with central and peripheral demyelination. We report a case of a 15-year-old girl with 6 months history of progressive muscular weakness, poor school performance, gradual memory loss and gait disturbance. Neurological examination was grossly normal, except mild muscle wastage in both upper and lower limbs and slight reduction of power globally in all limbs. Routine bloods including a lumbar puncture was normal and the diagnosis of metachromatic leukodystrophy was made on the findings of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 67 years old gentleman presented with shortness of breath, fever and cough. Baseline imaging and routine bloods were consistent with respiratory tract infection. He was treated on the lines of COVID-19 infection, but he was clinically and radiologically deteriorating and was eventually intubated. Upon clinical suspicion and repeated COVID-19 negative swabs, treatment for pneumocystis jirovecii was initiated and there was an excellent clinical improvement. The patient was extubated and was subsequently weaned off oxygen, HIV was negative, sputum and PCR showed pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Moyamoya disease is a chronic cerebrovascular disease, more common in Japanese and Asian population. It is rare in European and American population. The typical presentation is seizure, Transient Ischemic Attack or Stroke and diagnosed radiologically with typical angiographic appearance of the vascular collateral network. We are reporting this unusual case of Moyamoya Disease in a Caucasian adult who presented to A&E with an episode of tonic colonic seizure. In past she had Recurrent Transient Ischemic Attacks so as a part of workup for stroke and seizure, all relevant workup was done. Carotid doppler showed an increase in end-diastolic flow velocity and a decrease in vascular resistance in both external carotid arteries. Subsequently, MRI Brain and MRA showed a rare Moyamoya disease. This disease should be considered an important differential in patients presenting with recurrent seizure episodes or neurological symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]