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11. Porewater Geochemical Assessment of Seismic Indications for Gas Hydrate Presence and Absence: Mahia Slope, East of New Zealand’s North Island

Author

Coffin, Richard B., Crutchley, Gareth, Pecher, Ingo, Yoza, Brandon, Boyd, Thomas J., Mountjoy, Joshu, Coffin, Richard B., Crutchley, Gareth, Pecher, Ingo, Yoza, Brandon, Boyd, Thomas J., and Mountjoy, Joshu

Abstract

We compare sediment vertical methane flux off the Mahia Peninsula, on the Hikurangi Margin, east of New Zealand’s North Island, with a combination of geochemical, multichannel seismic and sub-bottom profiler data. Stable carbon isotope data provided an overview of methane contributions to shallow sediment carbon pools. Methane varied considerably in concentration and vertical flux across stations in close proximities. At two Mahia transects, methane profiles correlated well with integrated seismic and TOPAS data for predicting vertical methane migration rates from deep to shallow sediment. However, at our “control site”, where no seismic blanking or indications of vertical gas migration were observed, geochemical data were similar to the two Mahia transect lines. This apparent mismatch between seismic and geochemistry data suggests a potential to underestimate gas hydrate volumes based on standard seismic data interpretations. To accurately assess global gas hydrate deposits, multiple approaches for initial assessment, e.g., seismic data interpretation, heatflow profiling and controlled-source electromagnetics, should be compared to geochemical sediment and porewater profiles. A more thorough data matrix will provide better accuracy in gas hydrate volume for modeling climate change and potential available energy content.

Published
2022
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19. Venus Observing System

Author

Limaye, Sanjay, primary, Abedin, Nurul M., additional, Ao, Chi O., additional, Bocanegra, Tatiana, additional, Bullock, Mark A., additional, Carrico, John P., additional, Cottini, Valeria, additional, Curry, Shannon M., additional, Eckles, William, additional, Elston, Jack S., additional, Fry, Patrick M., additional, Gentry, Diana M., additional, Girija, Athul P., additional, Hayes, Alexander G., additional, Jindal, Abhinav S., additional, Johnson, Natasha M., additional, Komerath, Narayan M., additional, Kovalenko, Irina D., additional, Kremic, Tibor, additional, Lee, Yeon Joo, additional, Lillis, Robert, additional, Luhmann, J., additional, Mathies, Richard, additional, Pertzborn, Rosalyn A., additional, Raghav, Vrishank, additional, Saikia, Sarag J., additional, Sasaki, Satoshi, additional, Sharma, Shiv K., additional, Smith, David J., additional, Sokol, Daniel, additional, Svitek, Tomas, additional, and Yoza, Brandon, additional

Published
2021
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20. Dissolution Process Observation of Methane Bubbles in the Deep Ocean Simulator Facility

Author

1000070356575, Uchida, Tsutomu, Nagamine, Ike, Yabe, Itsuka, Fukumaki, Tatsunori, Oyama, Ai, Yoza, Brandon, Tenma, Norio, Masutani, Stephen M., 1000070356575, Uchida, Tsutomu, Nagamine, Ike, Yabe, Itsuka, Fukumaki, Tatsunori, Oyama, Ai, Yoza, Brandon, Tenma, Norio, and Masutani, Stephen M.

Abstract

To investigate the temperature dependency of the methane bubble dissolution rate, buoyant single methane bubbles were held stationary in a countercurrent water flow at a pressure of 6.9 MPa and temperatures ranging from 288 K to 303 K. The 1 to 3 mm diameter bubbles were analyzed by observation through the pressure chamber viewport using a bi-telecentric CCD camera. The dissolution rate in artificial seawater was approximately two times smaller than that in pure water. Furthermore, it was observed that the methane bubble dissolution rate increased with temperature, suggesting that bubble dissolution is a thermal activation process (the activation energy is estimated to be 9.0 kJ/mol). The results were different from the expected values calculated using the governing equation for methane dissolution in water. The dissolution modeling of methane bubbles in the mid-to-shallow depth of seawater was revised based on the current results.

Published
2020

21. Dissolution Process Observation of Methane Bubbles in the Deep Ocean Simulator Facility

Author

Uchida, Tsutomu, Nagamine, Ike, Yabe, Itsuka, Fukumaki, Tatsunori, Oyama, Ai, Yoza, Brandon, Tenma, Norio, Masutani, Stephen M., Uchida, Tsutomu, Nagamine, Ike, Yabe, Itsuka, Fukumaki, Tatsunori, Oyama, Ai, Yoza, Brandon, Tenma, Norio, and Masutani, Stephen M.

Abstract

To investigate the temperature dependency of the methane bubble dissolution rate, buoyant single methane bubbles were held stationary in a countercurrent water flow at a pressure of 6.9 MPa and temperatures ranging from 288 K to 303 K. The 1 to 3 mm diameter bubbles were analyzed by observation through the pressure chamber viewport using a bi-telecentric CCD camera. The dissolution rate in artificial seawater was approximately two times smaller than that in pure water. Furthermore, it was observed that the methane bubble dissolution rate increased with temperature, suggesting that bubble dissolution is a thermal activation process (the activation energy is estimated to be 9.0 kJ/mol). The results were different from the expected values calculated using the governing equation for methane dissolution in water. The dissolution modeling of methane bubbles in the mid-to-shallow depth of seawater was revised based on the current results.

Published
2020

27. The first complete mitochondrial genome sequence of the korean endemic catfish Silurus microdorsalis (Actinopteri, Siluriformes, Siluridae)

Author

Park, Chang Eon, primary, Park, Yeong-Jun, additional, Kim, Min-Chul, additional, Park, Min-Kyu, additional, Jung, YeonGyun, additional, Choi, Seung-Dae, additional, Jo, YoungJae, additional, Kang, Gi-Ung, additional, Kim, Min-Ji, additional, Li, Qing X., additional, Yoza, Brandon A., additional, Kim, Kgu-Hwan, additional, Park, Hee Cheon, additional, and Shin, Jae-Ho, additional

Published
2019
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48. Aerolization During Boron Nanoparticle Multi-Component Fuel Group Burning Studies

Author

NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC, Smith, Joseph P, Montgomery, Michael T, Masutani, Stephen M, Yoza, Brandon A, Kurasaki, Ryan, Kinoshita, Christopher, Coffin, Richard B, NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC, Smith, Joseph P, Montgomery, Michael T, Masutani, Stephen M, Yoza, Brandon A, Kurasaki, Ryan, Kinoshita, Christopher, and Coffin, Richard B

Abstract

A complement to the development of new fuels to meet future energy demands of the U.S. Navy is the enhancement of energy density of existing fuels, thus increasing system payloads, ranges, and/or performance. Addition of energetic solid phase materials, such as boron, magnesium, or aluminum, to liquid hydrocarbon-based fuels can potentially increase energy density. Previous studies investigating the effect of energetic metal addition to liquid hydrocarbon-based fuels have produced mixed results. Boron has excellent potential as a liquid fuel additive due to its high volumetric and gravimetric heating value. Boron carbide (B4C) is widely available due to its commercial application as an abrasive. Boron particles were first tested as fuel additives in the 1950s to 1970s during rocket development and found to significantly increase fuel energy density but boron slurry combustion has problems with ignition, flame stability, and burnout. Recent advances in nanotechnology may allow for high-volume production of boron nanoparticles coated with catalysts and organics to enhance and control combustion, promote suspension and dispersion in fuel, and inhibit premature oxidation. Controlled studies on the effect of boron nanoparticle addition on fuel aerosol droplet size during group burning experiments were conducted by the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL Code 6114) and the Hawaii Natural Energy Institute (HNEI) at the University of Hawaii (UH) from 2009 to 2011. These studies were performed using a benchtop fuel burner assembly system with a Phase-Doppler-Particle Analyzer (PDPA) to investigate the effect of specific nanoparticle addition (boron, CeO2-coated boron, and CeO2) on aerosol droplet size and velocity in a JP-5 carrier fuel. Results of this study showed little to no effect of boron nanoparticle addition (2.5% weight loading) on aerosol droplet size and velocity distribution fields in the wet, or no flame, condition. Results did suggest an effect of b, The original document contains color images. Prepared in cooperation with University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI.

Published
2014

49. Efficient ozonation of reverse osmosis concentrates from petroleum refinery wastewater using composite metal oxideloaded alumina.

Author

Yu Chen, Chun-Mao Chen, Yoza, Brandon A., Li, Qing X., Shao-Hui Guo, Ping Wang, Shi-Jie Dong, and Qing-Hong Wang

Subjects
OZONIZATION, REVERSE osmosis, METALLIC oxides, CATALYTIC activity, CHEMICAL oxygen demand
Abstract

Novel Mn-Fe-Mg- and Mn-Fe-Ce-loaded alumina (Mn-Fe-Mg/Al2O3 and Mn-Fe-Ce/Al2O3) were developed to catalytically ozonate reverse osmosis concentrates generated from petroleum refinery wastewaters (PRW-ROC). Highly dispersed 100-300-nm deposits of composite multivalent metal oxides of Mn (Mn2+, Mn3+, and Mn4+), Fe (Fe2+ and Fe3+) and Mg (Mg2+), or Ce (Ce4+) were achieved on Al2O3 supports. The developed Mn-Fe-Mg/Al2O3 and Mn-Fe-Ce/Al2O3 exhibited higher catalytic activity during the ozonation of PRW-ROC than Mn-Fe/Al2O3, Mn/Al2O3, Fe/Al2O3, and Al2O3. Chemical oxygen demand removal by Mn-Fe-Mg/Al2O3- or Mn- Fe-Ce/Al2O3-catalyzed ozonation increased by 23.9% and 23.2%, respectively, in comparison with single ozonation. Mn-Fe-Mg/Al2O3 and Mn-Fe-Ce/Al2O3 notably promoted .OH generation and .OH-mediated oxidation. This study demonstrated the potential use of composite metal oxide-loaded Al2O3 in advanced treatment of bio-recalcitrant wastewaters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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50. Comparison of Efficiencies and Mechanisms of Catalytic Ozonation of Recalcitrant Petroleum Refinery Wastewater by Ce, Mg, and Ce-Mg Oxides Loaded Al2O3.

Author

Chunmao Chen, Yu Chen, Yoza, Brandon A., Yuhao Du, Yuxian Wang, Li, Qing X., Lanping Yi, Shaohui Guo, and Qinghong Wang

Subjects
OZONIZATION of water, PETROLEUM refineries -- Waste, METALLIC oxides, HYDROXYL group, ALUMINUM oxide, CHEMICAL oxygen demand, CATALYSTS
Abstract

The use of catalytic ozonation processes (COPs) for the advanced treatment of recalcitrant petroleum refinery wastewater (RPRW) is rapidly expanding. In this study, magnesium (Mg), cerium (Ce), and Mg-Ce oxide-loaded alumina (Al2O3) were developed as cost efficient catalysts for ozonation treatment of RPRW, having performance metrics that meet new discharge standards. Interactions between the metal oxides and the Al2O3 support influence the catalytic properties, as well as the efficiency and mechanism. Mg-Ce/Al2O3 (Mg-Ce/Al2O3-COP) reduced the chemical oxygen demand by 4.7%, 4.1%, 6.0%, and 17.5% relative to Mg/Al2O3-COP, Ce/Al2O3-COP, Al2O3-COP, and single ozonation, respectively. The loaded composite metal oxides significantly increased the hydroxyl radical-mediated oxidation. Surface hydroxyl groups (-OHs) are the dominant catalytic active sites on Al2O3. These active surface -OHs along with the deposited metal oxides (Mg2+ and/or Ce4+) increased the catalytic activity. The Mg-Ce/Al2O3 catalyst can be economically produced, has high efficiency, and is stable under acidic and alkaline conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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