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1. UltraEdit: Instruction-based Fine-Grained Image Editing at Scale

Author

Zhao, Haozhe, Ma, Xiaojian, Chen, Liang, Si, Shuzheng, Wu, Rujie, An, Kaikai, Yu, Peiyu, Zhang, Minjia, Li, Qing, and Chang, Baobao

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

This paper presents UltraEdit, a large-scale (approximately 4 million editing samples), automatically generated dataset for instruction-based image editing. Our key idea is to address the drawbacks in existing image editing datasets like InstructPix2Pix and MagicBrush, and provide a systematic approach to producing massive and high-quality image editing samples. UltraEdit offers several distinct advantages: 1) It features a broader range of editing instructions by leveraging the creativity of large language models (LLMs) alongside in-context editing examples from human raters; 2) Its data sources are based on real images, including photographs and artworks, which provide greater diversity and reduced bias compared to datasets solely generated by text-to-image models; 3) It also supports region-based editing, enhanced by high-quality, automatically produced region annotations. Our experiments show that canonical diffusion-based editing baselines trained on UltraEdit set new records on MagicBrush and Emu-Edit benchmarks. Our analysis further confirms the crucial role of real image anchors and region-based editing data. The dataset, code, and models can be found in https://ultra-editing.github.io., Comment: 32 pages, 14 figures

Published
2024

2. Flow Priors for Linear Inverse Problems via Iterative Corrupted Trajectory Matching

Author

Zhang, Yasi, Yu, Peiyu, Zhu, Yaxuan, Chang, Yingshan, Gao, Feng, Wu, Ying Nian, and Leong, Oscar

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Generative models based on flow matching have attracted significant attention for their simplicity and superior performance in high-resolution image synthesis. By leveraging the instantaneous change-of-variables formula, one can directly compute image likelihoods from a learned flow, making them enticing candidates as priors for downstream tasks such as inverse problems. In particular, a natural approach would be to incorporate such image probabilities in a maximum-a-posteriori (MAP) estimation problem. A major obstacle, however, lies in the slow computation of the log-likelihood, as it requires backpropagating through an ODE solver, which can be prohibitively slow for high-dimensional problems. In this work, we propose an iterative algorithm to approximate the MAP estimator efficiently to solve a variety of linear inverse problems. Our algorithm is mathematically justified by the observation that the MAP objective can be approximated by a sum of $N$ ``local MAP'' objectives, where $N$ is the number of function evaluations. By leveraging Tweedie's formula, we show that we can perform gradient steps to sequentially optimize these objectives. We validate our approach for various linear inverse problems, such as super-resolution, deblurring, inpainting, and compressed sensing, and demonstrate that we can outperform other methods based on flow matching., Comment: Accepted to NeurIPS 2024

Published
2024

3. Latent Energy-Based Odyssey: Black-Box Optimization via Expanded Exploration in the Energy-Based Latent Space

Author

Yu, Peiyu, Zhang, Dinghuai, He, Hengzhi, Ma, Xiaojian, Miao, Ruiyao, Lu, Yifan, Zhang, Yasi, Kong, Deqian, Gao, Ruiqi, Xie, Jianwen, Cheng, Guang, and Wu, Ying Nian

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Statistics - Applications
Abstract

Offline Black-Box Optimization (BBO) aims at optimizing a black-box function using the knowledge from a pre-collected offline dataset of function values and corresponding input designs. However, the high-dimensional and highly-multimodal input design space of black-box function pose inherent challenges for most existing methods that model and operate directly upon input designs. These issues include but are not limited to high sample complexity, which relates to inaccurate approximation of black-box function; and insufficient coverage and exploration of input design modes, which leads to suboptimal proposal of new input designs. In this work, we consider finding a latent space that serves as a compressed yet accurate representation of the design-value joint space, enabling effective latent exploration of high-value input design modes. To this end, we formulate an learnable energy-based latent space, and propose Noise-intensified Telescoping density-Ratio Estimation (NTRE) scheme for variational learning of an accurate latent space model without costly Markov Chain Monte Carlo. The optimization process is then exploration of high-value designs guided by the learned energy-based model in the latent space, formulated as gradient-based sampling from a latent-variable-parameterized inverse model. We show that our particular parameterization encourages expanded exploration around high-value design modes, motivated by inversion thinking of a fundamental result of conditional covariance matrix typically used for variance reduction. We observe that our method, backed by an accurately learned informative latent space and an expanding-exploration model design, yields significant improvements over strong previous methods on both synthetic and real world datasets such as the design-bench suite.

Published
2024

4. Watermarking Generative Tabular Data

Author

He, Hengzhi, Yu, Peiyu, Ren, Junpeng, Wu, Ying Nian, and Cheng, Guang

Subjects
Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Statistics - Applications
Abstract

In this paper, we introduce a simple yet effective tabular data watermarking mechanism with statistical guarantees. We show theoretically that the proposed watermark can be effectively detected, while faithfully preserving the data fidelity, and also demonstrates appealing robustness against additive noise attack. The general idea is to achieve the watermarking through a strategic embedding based on simple data binning. Specifically, it divides the feature's value range into finely segmented intervals and embeds watermarks into selected ``green list" intervals. To detect the watermarks, we develop a principled statistical hypothesis-testing framework with minimal assumptions: it remains valid as long as the underlying data distribution has a continuous density function. The watermarking efficacy is demonstrated through rigorous theoretical analysis and empirical validation, highlighting its utility in enhancing the security of synthetic and real-world datasets.

Published
2024

5. Object-Conditioned Energy-Based Attention Map Alignment in Text-to-Image Diffusion Models

Author

Zhang, Yasi, Yu, Peiyu, and Wu, Ying Nian

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Abstract

Text-to-image diffusion models have shown great success in generating high-quality text-guided images. Yet, these models may still fail to semantically align generated images with the provided text prompts, leading to problems like incorrect attribute binding and/or catastrophic object neglect. Given the pervasive object-oriented structure underlying text prompts, we introduce a novel object-conditioned Energy-Based Attention Map Alignment (EBAMA) method to address the aforementioned problems. We show that an object-centric attribute binding loss naturally emerges by approximately maximizing the log-likelihood of a $z$-parameterized energy-based model with the help of the negative sampling technique. We further propose an object-centric intensity regularizer to prevent excessive shifts of objects attention towards their attributes. Extensive qualitative and quantitative experiments, including human evaluation, on several challenging benchmarks demonstrate the superior performance of our method over previous strong counterparts. With better aligned attention maps, our approach shows great promise in further enhancing the text-controlled image editing ability of diffusion models., Comment: Accepted to ECCV 2024

Published
2024

6. Object-Conditioned Energy-Based Attention Map Alignment in Text-to-Image Diffusion Models

Author

Zhang, Yasi, Yu, Peiyu, Wu, Ying Nian, Goos, Gerhard, Series Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Leonardis, Aleš, editor, Ricci, Elisa, editor, Roth, Stefan, editor, Russakovsky, Olga, editor, Sattler, Torsten, editor, and Varol, Gül, editor

Published
2025
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7. Learning Concept-Based Causal Transition and Symbolic Reasoning for Visual Planning

Author

Qian, Yilue, Yu, Peiyu, Wu, Ying Nian, Su, Yao, Wang, Wei, and Fan, Lifeng

Subjects
Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Visual planning simulates how humans make decisions to achieve desired goals in the form of searching for visual causal transitions between an initial visual state and a final visual goal state. It has become increasingly important in egocentric vision with its advantages in guiding agents to perform daily tasks in complex environments. In this paper, we propose an interpretable and generalizable visual planning framework consisting of i) a novel Substitution-based Concept Learner (SCL) that abstracts visual inputs into disentangled concept representations, ii) symbol abstraction and reasoning that performs task planning via the self-learned symbols, and iii) a Visual Causal Transition model (ViCT) that grounds visual causal transitions to semantically similar real-world actions. Given an initial state, we perform goal-conditioned visual planning with a symbolic reasoning method fueled by the learned representations and causal transitions to reach the goal state. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed model, we collect a large-scale visual planning dataset based on AI2-THOR, dubbed as CCTP. Extensive experiments on this challenging dataset demonstrate the superior performance of our method in visual task planning. Empirically, we show that our framework can generalize to unseen task trajectories, unseen object categories, and real-world data. Further details of this work are provided at https://fqyqc.github.io/ConTranPlan/.

Published
2023

8. Learning Energy-Based Prior Model with Diffusion-Amortized MCMC

Author

Yu, Peiyu, Zhu, Yaxuan, Xie, Sirui, Ma, Xiaojian, Gao, Ruiqi, Zhu, Song-Chun, and Wu, Ying Nian

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

Latent space Energy-Based Models (EBMs), also known as energy-based priors, have drawn growing interests in the field of generative modeling due to its flexibility in the formulation and strong modeling power of the latent space. However, the common practice of learning latent space EBMs with non-convergent short-run MCMC for prior and posterior sampling is hindering the model from further progress; the degenerate MCMC sampling quality in practice often leads to degraded generation quality and instability in training, especially with highly multi-modal and/or high-dimensional target distributions. To remedy this sampling issue, in this paper we introduce a simple but effective diffusion-based amortization method for long-run MCMC sampling and develop a novel learning algorithm for the latent space EBM based on it. We provide theoretical evidence that the learned amortization of MCMC is a valid long-run MCMC sampler. Experiments on several image modeling benchmark datasets demonstrate the superior performance of our method compared with strong counterparts, Comment: NeurIPS 2023

Published
2023

9. Latent Diffusion Energy-Based Model for Interpretable Text Modeling

Author

Yu, Peiyu, Xie, Sirui, Ma, Xiaojian, Jia, Baoxiong, Pang, Bo, Gao, Ruiqi, Zhu, Yixin, Zhu, Song-Chun, and Wu, Ying Nian

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Computation and Language
Abstract

Latent space Energy-Based Models (EBMs), also known as energy-based priors, have drawn growing interests in generative modeling. Fueled by its flexibility in the formulation and strong modeling power of the latent space, recent works built upon it have made interesting attempts aiming at the interpretability of text modeling. However, latent space EBMs also inherit some flaws from EBMs in data space; the degenerate MCMC sampling quality in practice can lead to poor generation quality and instability in training, especially on data with complex latent structures. Inspired by the recent efforts that leverage diffusion recovery likelihood learning as a cure for the sampling issue, we introduce a novel symbiosis between the diffusion models and latent space EBMs in a variational learning framework, coined as the latent diffusion energy-based model. We develop a geometric clustering-based regularization jointly with the information bottleneck to further improve the quality of the learned latent space. Experiments on several challenging tasks demonstrate the superior performance of our model on interpretable text modeling over strong counterparts., Comment: ICML 2022

Published
2022

10. Unsupervised Foreground Extraction via Deep Region Competition

Author

Yu, Peiyu, Xie, Sirui, Ma, Xiaojian, Zhu, Yixin, Wu, Ying Nian, and Zhu, Song-Chun

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

We present Deep Region Competition (DRC), an algorithm designed to extract foreground objects from images in a fully unsupervised manner. Foreground extraction can be viewed as a special case of generic image segmentation that focuses on identifying and disentangling objects from the background. In this work, we rethink the foreground extraction by reconciling energy-based prior with generative image modeling in the form of Mixture of Experts (MoE), where we further introduce the learned pixel re-assignment as the essential inductive bias to capture the regularities of background regions. With this modeling, the foreground-background partition can be naturally found through Expectation-Maximization (EM). We show that the proposed method effectively exploits the interaction between the mixture components during the partitioning process, which closely connects to region competition, a seminal approach for generic image segmentation. Experiments demonstrate that DRC exhibits more competitive performances on complex real-world data and challenging multi-object scenes compared with prior methods. Moreover, we show empirically that DRC can potentially generalize to novel foreground objects even from categories unseen during training., Comment: NeurIPS 2021

Published
2021

11. HALMA: Humanlike Abstraction Learning Meets Affordance in Rapid Problem Solving

Author

Xie, Sirui, Ma, Xiaojian, Yu, Peiyu, Zhu, Yixin, Wu, Ying Nian, and Zhu, Song-Chun

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

Humans learn compositional and causal abstraction, \ie, knowledge, in response to the structure of naturalistic tasks. When presented with a problem-solving task involving some objects, toddlers would first interact with these objects to reckon what they are and what can be done with them. Leveraging these concepts, they could understand the internal structure of this task, without seeing all of the problem instances. Remarkably, they further build cognitively executable strategies to \emph{rapidly} solve novel problems. To empower a learning agent with similar capability, we argue there shall be three levels of generalization in how an agent represents its knowledge: perceptual, conceptual, and algorithmic. In this paper, we devise the very first systematic benchmark that offers joint evaluation covering all three levels. This benchmark is centered around a novel task domain, HALMA, for visual concept development and rapid problem-solving. Uniquely, HALMA has a minimum yet complete concept space, upon which we introduce a novel paradigm to rigorously diagnose and dissect learning agents' capability in understanding and generalizing complex and structural concepts. We conduct extensive experiments on reinforcement learning agents with various inductive biases and carefully report their proficiency and weakness.

Published
2021

12. P$^2$GNet: Pose-Guided Point Cloud Generating Networks for 6-DoF Object Pose Estimation

Author

Yu, Peiyu, Rao, Yongming, Lu, Jiwen, and Zhou, Jie

Subjects
Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Computer Science - Robotics
Abstract

Humans are able to perform fast and accurate object pose estimation even under severe occlusion by exploiting learned object model priors from everyday life. However, most recently proposed pose estimation algorithms neglect to utilize the information of object models, often end up with limited accuracy, and tend to fall short in cluttered scenes. In this paper, we present a novel learning-based model, \underline{P}ose-Guided \underline{P}oint Cloud \underline{G}enerating Networks for 6D Object Pose Estimation (P$^2$GNet), designed to effectively exploit object model priors to facilitate 6D object pose estimation. We achieve this with an end-to-end estimation-by-generation workflow that combines the appearance information from the RGB-D image and the structure knowledge from object point cloud to enable accurate and robust pose estimation. Experiments on two commonly used benchmarks for 6D pose estimation, YCB-Video dataset and LineMOD dataset, demonstrate that P$^2$GNet outperforms the state-of-the-art method by a large margin and shows marked robustness towards heavy occlusion, while achieving real-time inference., Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures

Published
2019

13. Exoskeleton-covered soft finger with vision-based proprioception and tactile sensing

Author

She, Yu, Liu, Sandra Q., Yu, Peiyu, and Adelson, Edward

Subjects
Computer Science - Robotics, Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Image and Video Processing
Abstract

Soft robots offer significant advantages in adaptability, safety, and dexterity compared to conventional rigid-body robots. However, it is challenging to equip soft robots with accurate proprioception and tactile sensing due to their high flexibility and elasticity. In this work, we describe the development of a vision-based proprioceptive and tactile sensor for soft robots called GelFlex, which is inspired by previous GelSight sensing techniques. More specifically, we develop a novel exoskeleton-covered soft finger with embedded cameras and deep learning methods that enable high-resolution proprioceptive sensing and rich tactile sensing. To do so, we design features along the axial direction of the finger, which enable high-resolution proprioceptive sensing, and incorporate a reflective ink coating on the surface of the finger to enable rich tactile sensing. We design a highly underactuated exoskeleton with a tendon-driven mechanism to actuate the finger. Finally, we assemble 2 of the fingers together to form a robotic gripper and successfully perform a bar stock classification task, which requires both shape and tactile information. We train neural networks for proprioception and shape (box versus cylinder) classification using data from the embedded sensors. The proprioception CNN had over 99\% accuracy on our testing set (all six joint angles were within 1 degree of error) and had an average accumulative distance error of 0.77 mm during live testing, which is better than human finger proprioception. These proposed techniques offer soft robots the high-level ability to simultaneously perceive their proprioceptive state and peripheral environment, providing potential solutions for soft robots to solve everyday manipulation tasks. We believe the methods developed in this work can be widely applied to different designs and applications., Comment: Accepted to ICRA2020

Published
2019

15. Cellulose-based hydrogels and aerogels for hemostatic applications

Author

Levin, David (Biosystems Engineering), Xing, Malcolm (Mechanical Engineering), Zhong, Wen, Yu, Peiyu, Levin, David (Biosystems Engineering), Xing, Malcolm (Mechanical Engineering), Zhong, Wen, and Yu, Peiyu

Abstract

Hemostasis is an important issue in-clinic treatments for acute wounds. Existing hemostatic materials may not fully meet the demands in emergency situations in terms of hospitals and battlefields which calls for the development of cost-effective hemostatic materials for clinical applications. Cellulose as a natural polymer is abundant in nature and has been widely used in different applications, like food, cosmetics, and hemostatic applications. Cellulose-based materials can absorb water from blood upon contact with wounds, which helps to stop bleeding. In this work, cellulose-based aerogels and hydrogels were prepared and their potential applications as hemostatic materials were explored. Aerogels with ultra-high porosity and large surface area can absorb water from blood and form barriers in the trauma site to stop bleeding. In this thesis, an aerogel with lightweight, injectability, antibacterial ability, water-induced shape memory behavior, and excellent compressibility was developed from carboxymethylated nanocellulose fibers (NCFs), alginate and zinc chloride. The obtained NCFs-alginate aerogels have dual networks which are the physical network of NCFs formed by freeze-drying and physical crosslinking between alginate and zinc ions. Here, zinc chloride endowed the aerogels with the antibacterial ability to prevent infection and reduce the probability of complications due to microorganisms. The NCFs-alginate aerogels with high water absorption can absorb water when contacting blood to stop bleeding. Meanwhile, in the presence of NCFs and alginate, the aerogels can promote wound healing quickly. Besides, injectability and rapid water-induced shape recovery ability (4s) allowed the NCFs-alginate aerogels to be used for penetrating wounds. Carboxymethylated cellulose (CMC) is an important derivation of cellulose and has been widely used in biomedical applications. A facile and environmentally friendly method for preparing self-healing hydrogels using CMC, polyviny

Published
2022

16. Exoskeleton-covered soft finger with vision-based proprioception and tactile sensing

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, She, Yu, Liu, Sandra Q., Yu, Peiyu, Adelson, Edward, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, She, Yu, Liu, Sandra Q., Yu, Peiyu, and Adelson, Edward

Abstract

© 2020 IEEE. Soft robots offer significant advantages in adaptability, safety, and dexterity compared to conventional rigid-body robots. However, it is challenging to equip soft robots with accurate proprioception and tactile sensing due to their high flexibility and elasticity. In this work, we describe the development of a vision-based proprioceptive and tactile sensor for soft robots called GelFlex, which is inspired by previous GelSight sensing techniques. More specifically, we develop a novel exoskeleton-covered soft finger with embedded cameras and deep learning methods that enable high-resolution proprioceptive sensing and rich tactile sensing. To do so, we design features along the axial direction of the finger, which enable high-resolution proprioceptive sensing, and incorporate a reflective ink coating on the surface of the finger to enable rich tactile sensing. We design a highly underactuated exoskeleton with a tendon-driven mechanism to actuate the finger. Finally, we assemble 2 of the fingers together to form a robotic gripper and successfully perform a bar stock classification task, which requires both shape and tactile information. We train neural networks for proprioception and shape (box versus cylinder) classification using data from the embedded sensors. The proprioception CNN had over 99% accuracy on our testing set (all six joint angles were within 1° of error) and had an average accumulative distance error of 0.77 mm during live testing, which is better than human finger proprioception. These proposed techniques offer soft robots the high-level ability to simultaneously perceive their proprioceptive state and peripheral environment, providing potential solutions for soft robots to solve everyday manipulation tasks. We believe the methods developed in this work can be widely applied to different designs and applications.

Published
2021

19. Macroplea Samouelle 1819

Author

Lou, Qiaozhe, Yu, Peiyu, and Liang, Hongbin

Subjects
Coleoptera, Insecta, Arthropoda, Chrysomelidae, Macroplea, Animalia, Biodiversity, Taxonomy
Abstract

Genus Macroplea Samouelle, 1819 Macroplea Samouelle, 1819: 211 (Type species Donacia zosterae Fabricius, 1801). Apelma Billberg, 1820: 57 (Type species Donacia zosterae Fabricius, 1801). Haemonia Dejean, 1821: 114 (Type species Donacia zosterae Fabricius, 1801). Diagnosis. Dorsum and legs yellow or brown (Figs 1, 3, 24, 26, 50���53); vertex with dense pubescence (Figs 6, 29, 50���53); antenna long, extending beyond middle of elytron (Figs 1���4, 50, 52, 53), or short, not extending beyond middle of elytron (Figs 24���27); pronotum with setae at anterior angles (Figs 5, 28, 56���59); pronotum with distinct anterior and posterior beads (Figs 5, 28, 56���59); punctures along elytral striae arranged more or less in paired rows (Figs 1, 3, 50���53), or in single rows (Figs 24, 26); elytron with or without spine at outer apical angle (Figs 12, 35, 64���67); metafemur slender, without tooth (Figs 1���4, 24��� 27, 50���53); profemur with a short linearly arranged brush of setae basally on posterior surface (Figs 16, 36); metatarsus with markedly reduced pubescence, fifth tarsomere elongate, at least as long as basal three combined (Figs 10, 39, 68, 70, 71); endophallus with two ELDs fused, enclosing MEG, without pELD (Figs 21, 22, 47���49, 74, 75, 77, 78, 81���83). Distribution. Europe, northern Africa (Algeria), Middle Asia, Siberia, Far East, China and Japan. Distribution in China: Heilongjiang, Hebei, Tianjin, Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang, Jiangsu, Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou (Fig. 85). Host plants. Ranunculus L. (Ranunculaceae), Carex L. (Cyperaceae), Brasenia Schreb. (Cabombaceae), Potamogeton L. (Potamogetonaceae), Myriophyllum L. (Haloragaceae), Ruppia L. (Zosteraceae), Zostera L. (Zosteraceae), Sparganium L. (Sparganiaceae) (Bieńkowski & Orlova-Bieńkowskaja, 2004), Vallisneria L. (Hydrocharitaceae), Ottelia Pers. (Hydrocharitaceae) and Hippuris L. (Hippuridaceae) (recorded in this paper). Biology. Macroplea is a fully aquatic genus. They live in lentic or lotic water. Both M. appendiculata and M. mutica live in brackish as well as fresh water (Borowiec, 1984; K��lsch et al., 2006; Saari, 2007; Mende et al., 2010). According to Mende et al. (2010: 101), immobility (cannot swim or fly) is believed to be a specific feature of M. mutica. However, three specimens of M. japana examined in this study were collected by light trap. Remarks. Identification of species of Macroplea is difficult, despite the genus being less speciose. Many workers have used external morphology, male genitalia, ecological features, and molecular data to delimit species of this genus (Freude et al., 1966; Daccordi & Ruffo, 1978; Mohr, 1985; Beenen & Winkelman, 1989; Hayashi & Shiyake, 2001; K��lsch et al., 2006). We have followed many of these workers to enhance the reliability of the key. Species of Macroplea can be separated from those of Neohaemonia Sz��kessy in new world by the following characters: 1) vertex with dense pubescence (with a glabrous patch in Neohaemonia); 2) pronotum with setae at anterior angles (such setae absent in Neohaemonia); 3) pronotum with distinct anterior and posterior beads (such beads absent in Neohaemonia); 4) profemur with a short linearly arranged brush of setae basally on posterior surface (such brush of setae absent in Neohaemonia); 5) endophallus without pELD (pELD present in Neohaemonia)., Published as part of Lou, Qiaozhe, Yu, Peiyu & Liang, Hongbin, 2011, Two new species of Macroplea Samouelle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Donaciinae) from China, with a key to all known species, pp. 1-21 in Zootaxa 3003 on page 2, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278456, {"references":["Samouelle, G. (1819) The entomologist's useful compendium; or an introduction to the knowledge of British Insects. Thomas Boys, London, 496 pp.","Fabricius, J. C. (1801) Systema eleutheratorum secundum ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Tomus II. Bibliopoli Academici Novi, Kiliae, 687 pp. (in Latin).","Billberg, G. J. (1820) Enumeratio Insectorum in Museo Gust. Joh. Billberg. Typis Gadelianis, Stockholm, 138 pp. (in Latin)","Dejean, P. F. M. A. (1821) Catalogue des colleopteres de la collection de M. Le Baron Dejean. Crevot, Paris, 136 pp. (in French).","Bienkowski, A. O. & Orlova-Bienkowskaja, M. J. (2004) Morphology, systematics and host plants of Palaearctic Donaciinae larvae. In: Jolivet, P., Santiago-Blay, J. A. & Schmitt, M. (Eds.), New Developments in the Biology of Chrysomelidae. SBP Academic Publishing, Netherlands, pp. 481 - 502.","Borowiec, F. (1984) Zoogeographical study on Donaciinae of the world (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae). Polskie Pismo Entomologiczne, 53, 433 - 518.","Kolsch, G., Bistrom, O. & Pedersen, B. V. (2006) Species delimitation in the leaf beetle genus Macroplea (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) based on mitochondrial DNA, and phylogeographic considerations. Insect Systematics & Evolutio n, 37, 467 - 479.","Saari, S. (2007) Meriuposkuoriaisen, Macroplea pubipennis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), levinneisyys ja elinympaistovaatimukset Espoonlahdessa. University of Helsinki, Finland, 51 pp. (in Finnish).","Mende, M., Bistrom, O., Meichssner, E. & Kolsch, G. (2010) The aquatic leaf beetle Macroplea mutica (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Europe: Population structure, postglacial colonization and the signature of passive dispersal. European Journal of Entomology, 107, 101 - 113.","Freude, H., Harde, K. W. & Lohse, G. A. (1966) Unterfamilie: Donaciinae. In: Die Kafer Mitteleuropas, Vol 9. Phytophaga (Cerambycidae, Chrysomelidae). Goecke & Evers, Krefeld, pp. 100 - 109 (in German).","Daccordi, M. & Ruffo, S. (1978) Sulla presenza del genere Macroplea Samouelle in Italia. Bollettino dell'Associazione Romana di Entomologia, 33, 56 - 65 (in Italian).","Mohr, K. H. (1985) Beitrage zur Insektenfauna der DDR: Coleoptera-Chrysomelidae: Donaciinae, Orsodacninae, Criocerinae, Clythrinae. Beitrage zur Entomologie, 35, 219 - 262 (in German).","Beenen, R. & Winkelman, J. K. (1989) Aantekeningen over Chrysomelidae in Nederland (Coleoptera). Entomologische Berichten, Amsterdam, 49, 5, 69 - 71 (in Dutch).","Hayashi, M. & Shiyake, S. (2001) The identity and distribution of Macroplea japana (Jacoby) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Donaciinae). Bulletin of the Osaka Museum of Natural History, 55, 15 - 22."]}

Published
2011
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20. Macroplea japana Jacoby 1885

Author

Lou, Qiaozhe, Yu, Peiyu, and Liang, Hongbin

Subjects
Coleoptera, Insecta, Arthropoda, Chrysomelidae, Macroplea, Animalia, Biodiversity, Macroplea japana, Taxonomy
Abstract

Macroplea japana (Jacoby, 1885). (Figs 52, 54���56, 60, 64, 68, 72���75) Specimens examined. Total 40 specimens: 1 specimen, ���Jiangsu, Wuxi, 1951. III. 30, Kailing Xia coll.���; 1 specimen, same locality with dating ��� 1951. IX. 10 ���; 5 specimens, same locality with dating ��� 1951. XII. 7 ���; 6 specimens, same locality with dating ��� 1952. II. 4 ���; 24 specimens, same locality with dating ��� 1952. III. 20 ���; 2 specimens, ���Hebei, Tanghai, 2000.V���VI, by light trap���; 1 male, ���Department of Plant Protection, Beijing Agricultural University. Logosun Mountain, Wuchang Town, by light trap. Ruihua Jin coll., 1959. VIII. 28 ���. Distribution. China (Heilongjiang, Hebei, Jiangsu, Hubei), Japan, East Siberia. Host plant. Unknown. Biology. The two adults of M. japana from Hebei and one adult from Hubei were collected by light trap, indicating possibility of flight in this species. Light trap records were also found for Neohaemonia species (Askevold, 1988: 373). Remarks. K��lsch et al. (2006) recorded M. japana in Heilongjiang, China. M. japana was treated as a subspecies of M. mutica by workers like Dubieshko (1973) and Kimoto & Takizawa (1994). However, Hayashi & Shiyake (2001) revived its species status after studying the holotype. In 2006, Medvedev described M. skomorokhovi from Primorskii Territory (Russian Far East). Based on the original description, it differs from M. japana in having round elytral apical sutural angle (see Medvedev, 2006: Fig. 5) (angulate or protruding in M. japana). However, in a recent personal communication, Dr. Medvedev has informed us that his illustration is not accurate: the sutural angle of M. skomorokhovi is, in fact, angulate. After comparing the types, Dr. Medvedev has opined that M. skomorokhovi is a junior synonym of M. japana, and he will correct the error through a publication later. ., Published as part of Lou, Qiaozhe, Yu, Peiyu & Liang, Hongbin, 2011, Two new species of Macroplea Samouelle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Donaciinae) from China, with a key to all known species, pp. 1-21 in Zootaxa 3003 on pages 15-16, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278456, {"references":["Jacoby, M. (1885) Descriptions of the phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan, obtained by Mr. George Lewis during his second journey, from February 1880 to September 1881. Part I. Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society of London, 1885, 190 - 211.","Askevold, I. S. (1988) The genus Neohaemonia Szekessy in North America (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Donaciinae): systematics, reconstructed phylogeny, and geographic history. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 113, 360 - 430.","Kolsch, G., Bistrom, O. & Pedersen, B. V. (2006) Species delimitation in the leaf beetle genus Macroplea (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) based on mitochondrial DNA, and phylogeographic considerations. Insect Systematics & Evolutio n, 37, 467 - 479.","Dubieshko, L. N. (1973) Listoedy primorskogo griebta na Baikale. In: Fauna i ekologia nasekomyh Vostocnoj Sibiri i Dalnego Vostoka, Irkuck. pp. 152 - 154 (in Russia).","Kimoto, S. & Takizawa, H. (1994) Leaf Beetles (Chrysomelidae) of Japan. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, 539 pp. (in Japanese).","Hayashi, M. & Shiyake, S. (2001) The identity and distribution of Macroplea japana (Jacoby) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Donaciinae). Bulletin of the Osaka Museum of Natural History, 55, 15 - 22.","Medvedev, L. N. (2006) Contribution to the knowledge of the leaf beetles (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) of Russia. Entomological Review, 86, 457 - 459."]}

Published
2011
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21. Macroplea mutica Fabricius 1792

Author

Lou, Qiaozhe, Yu, Peiyu, and Liang, Hongbin

Subjects
Coleoptera, Insecta, Arthropoda, Chrysomelidae, Macroplea, Animalia, Macroplea mutica, Biodiversity, Taxonomy
Abstract

Macroplea mutica (Fabricius, 1792). (Figs 53, 59, 63, 67, 71, 79���84) Specimens examined. Total 80 specimens: 1 male, ���Balitai, Tianjin City, China, 8.V. 1956 ���; 1 male, same locality with dating ��� 10.V. 1956 ���; 1 male and 1 female, same locality with dating ��� 30.IV. 1957, Jiajun Tang collector���; 1 female, same locality with dating ��� 30.IV. 1957 ���; 1 male, same locality with dating ��� 10.IV. 1958 ���; 1 male, ���Tschita ��t�� 192, leg. V.J. Tomachov, Mus��e Heude���; 31 males and 31 females, ��� Mongolia, Bulgan Teshig, Hargal Nuur, Potamogetonaceae, N49.92762, E102.72817���/ ��� 1058 m, 2010.7. 10 D, Liang H.B., Shi C.M., Institute of Zoology, Chinese Acad. Sci.���; 11 specimens in cocoons preserved in alcohol, ��� Mongolia, Arkhangay, Ogii Nuur, Sparganiaceae, N47.76197, E102.81206���/ ��� 1338 m, 2010.7. 2 D, Liang H.B., Shi C.M., Institute of Zoology, Chinese Acad. Sci.���. Distribution. China (Heilongjiang, Tianjin), Japan, Siberia, Mongolia, Middle Asia, Europe. Host plants. Brasenia Schreb. (Cabombaceae), Potamogeton L. (Potamogetonaceae), Ruppia L. (Zosteraceae) and Zostera L. (Zosteraceae) (Bieńkowski & Orlova-Bieńkowskaja, 2004). Sparganiaceae are also host plants of M. mutica according to our observation. Biology. The corresponding author (Liang) recently collected specimens of M. mutica in large numbers from Hargal Nuur and Ogii Nuur of Mongolia. In Ogii Nuur lake, the adults were still in Coocon on the roots of Sparganiaceae on July 2, 2010. However, in Hargal Nuur, many adults were observed walking slowly on the leaves of Potamogetonaceae on July 10, 2010. Immobility (cannot swim or fly) is believed to be the specific feature of M. mutica by Mende et al. (2010: 101). Remarks. K��lsch et al. (2006), and Mende et al. (2010) recorded M. mutica from Daqing, Heilongjiang, China. Hori (2006) recorded one female specimen in Japan., Published as part of Lou, Qiaozhe, Yu, Peiyu & Liang, Hongbin, 2011, Two new species of Macroplea Samouelle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Donaciinae) from China, with a key to all known species, pp. 1-21 in Zootaxa 3003 on page 17, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278456, {"references":["Fabricius, J. C. (1792) Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, adjectis, synonimis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Tomus I. Pars II. Proft, C. G., Hafniae, 538 pp. (in Latin).","Bienkowski, A. O. & Orlova-Bienkowskaja, M. J. (2004) Morphology, systematics and host plants of Palaearctic Donaciinae larvae. In: Jolivet, P., Santiago-Blay, J. A. & Schmitt, M. (Eds.), New Developments in the Biology of Chrysomelidae. SBP Academic Publishing, Netherlands, pp. 481 - 502.","Mende, M., Bistrom, O., Meichssner, E. & Kolsch, G. (2010) The aquatic leaf beetle Macroplea mutica (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Europe: Population structure, postglacial colonization and the signature of passive dispersal. European Journal of Entomology, 107, 101 - 113.","Kolsch, G., Bistrom, O. & Pedersen, B. V. (2006) Species delimitation in the leaf beetle genus Macroplea (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) based on mitochondrial DNA, and phylogeographic considerations. Insect Systematics & Evolutio n, 37, 467 - 479.","Hori, S. (2006) New record of Macroplea mutica (Fabricius) from Japan (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae). Gekkan-mushi, 422, 10 - 12 (in Japanese)."]}

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2011
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22. Macroplea appendiculata Panzer 1794

Author

Lou, Qiaozhe, Yu, Peiyu, and Liang, Hongbin

Subjects
Coleoptera, Macroplea appendiculata, Insecta, Arthropoda, Chrysomelidae, Macroplea, Animalia, Biodiversity, Taxonomy
Abstract

Macroplea appendiculata (Panzer, 1794). (Figs 50, 58, 62, 66, 70, 76���78, 90) Specimens examined. Total 37 specimens: 21 males and 11 females, ��� China, Xinjiang, Altay, Fuyun County, a branch of Ertix River, 47.02459��N, 89.75198��E ���/ ��� 1332 m, 2009.7. 11, day, Zhiliang Wang coll. Institute of Zoology���/ ���Adult host plant: Potamogeton oxyphyllus ���; 1 female, ���Alsace, I. Maquin ded.���, ��� Macroplea appendiculata Panz. M. Daccordi, det. 1986 ���; 1 female, ���Boh. Heyn VODŇANY ���; 2 females, no collecting data, ��� Haemonia appendiculata Panz. ���. Distribution. China (Xinjiang), Siberia, Middle Asia, Europe, northern Africa (Algeria). Host plants. Ranunculus L. (Ranunculaceae), Carex L. (Cyperaceae), Potamogeton L. (Potamogetonaceae), Myriophyllum L. (Haloragaceae) and Sparganium L. (Sparganiaceae) (Bieńkowski & Orlova-Bieńkowskaja, 2004). Potamogeton oxyphyllus Miq. is now recorded as adult host plant, as observed by the collector of this species, Zhiliang Wang. Remarks. This is the first report of M. appendiculata from China (Xinjiang). Specimens were collected from upper stream of Ertix River (Fig. 90). In general, M. appendiculata differs from M. mutica by its longer spine at elytral outer apical angle, and second metatarsomere longer than first (Medvedev, 2006). However, these characters were found to be highly variable. A few specimens of M. appendiculata from Xinjiang have relatively shorter spine, similar to those of M. mutica, and most specimens of M. mutica from Mongolia have second metatarsomere longer than first. Endophallic structures of the two species illustrated here are also similar (Figs 77, 78, 81���83). However, the shape of median lobe of aedeagus was found to be diagnostic and highly reliable in separating these two species. The median lobe of aedeagus is relatively robust with a denticle at apex in M. appendiculata (Figs 77, 78), while the same in M. mutica is relatively slender and gradually narrowed towards apex (Figs 79, 80) (also see Daccordi & Ruffo, 1978: Figs 2���5; Beenen & Winkelman, 1989: Figs 1���4; Medvedev, 2006: Figs 7, 8)., Published as part of Lou, Qiaozhe, Yu, Peiyu & Liang, Hongbin, 2011, Two new species of Macroplea Samouelle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Donaciinae) from China, with a key to all known species, pp. 1-21 in Zootaxa 3003 on page 12, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278456, {"references":["Panzer, G. W. F. (1794) Fauna Insectorum Germanicae initia oder Deutschlands Insecten. Heft 24. Felsecker, Norimbergae, 24 pp. (in German).","Bienkowski, A. O. & Orlova-Bienkowskaja, M. J. (2004) Morphology, systematics and host plants of Palaearctic Donaciinae larvae. In: Jolivet, P., Santiago-Blay, J. A. & Schmitt, M. (Eds.), New Developments in the Biology of Chrysomelidae. SBP Academic Publishing, Netherlands, pp. 481 - 502.","Medvedev, L. N. (2006) Contribution to the knowledge of the leaf beetles (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) of Russia. Entomological Review, 86, 457 - 459.","Daccordi, M. & Ruffo, S. (1978) Sulla presenza del genere Macroplea Samouelle in Italia. Bollettino dell'Associazione Romana di Entomologia, 33, 56 - 65 (in Italian).","Beenen, R. & Winkelman, J. K. (1989) Aantekeningen over Chrysomelidae in Nederland (Coleoptera). Entomologische Berichten, Amsterdam, 49, 5, 69 - 71 (in Dutch)."]}

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2011
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23. Macroplea huaxiensis Lou & Liang, sp. nov

Author

Lou, Qiaozhe, Yu, Peiyu, and Liang, Hongbin

Subjects
Coleoptera, Insecta, Arthropoda, Chrysomelidae, Macroplea, Animalia, Biodiversity, Macroplea huaxiensis, Taxonomy
Abstract

Macroplea huaxiensis Lou & Liang, sp. nov. (Figs 1–23, 86, 87) Type locality. Huaxi District, Guizhou Province, China, 26.43578°N, 106.65092°E, 1100 m. Types. Holotype: male, “ CHINA, Guizhou Provin., Guiyang City, Huaxi Distr. Huaxi river. 26.43578°N, 106.65092°E ”/ “ 1100 m, 2009. X. 16 D. Ye Liu & Hongliang Shi coll. Institute of Zoology, Chinese Acad. Sci.”/ “ Macroplea huaxiensis NEW SPECIES, HOLOTYPE, designated by Lou and Liang, 2011 ” [red label]. Paratypes (total 18 specimens): 11 males and 3 females, one pair deposited in the Osaka Museum of Natural History, “ CHINA, Guizhou Provin., Guiyang City, Huaxi Distr., Huaxi river. 26.43578°N, 106.65092°E ”/ “ 1100 m, 2009. X. 16 D. Larval host plants: Vallisneria natans and Ottelia acuminata. Ye Liu & Hongliang Shi coll. Institute of Zoology, Chinese Acad. Sci.”/ “ Macroplea huaxiensis NEW SPECIES, PARATYPE, designated by Lou and Liang, 2011 ” [yellow label]; 2 males and 2 females, “ CHINA, Guizhou Provin., Guiyang City, Huaxi Distr., Huaxi river. 26.43578°N, 106.65092°E ”/ “ 1100 m, 2008. I.06 D. Larval host plants: Vallisneria natans and Ottelia acuminata. Ye Liu coll. Institute of Zoology, Chinese Acad. Sci.”/ “ Macroplea huaxiensis NEW SPECIES, PARATYPE, designated by Lou and Liang, 2011 ” [yellow label]. Diagnosis. Pronotum and elytra glabrous (Figs 5, 8); ventral surface covered with dense flat pubescence, mixed with sparse long individually distinguishable setae (Figs 14, 16, 17, 19); antenna long, extending beyond middle of elytron (Figs 1–4); fourth antennomere about 1.4 times as long as third (Fig. 13); mentum with dense pubescence (Fig. 11); pronotum wrinkled, with three longitudinal black stripes on disc, coarsely punctate near apical and basal margins (Figs 5, 14); hypomeron with a small triangular supracoxal pubescent patch (Fig. 14); elytral apex truncate, with triangular spine at outer apical angle, sutural apex angulated (Fig. 12); punctures along striae arranged in paired rows (Figs 1, 3, 8); first metatarsomere longer than second (Fig. 10). Description. Size. Male: BL = 5.1–5.4 mm, BW = 1.9–2.1 mm; female: BL = 5.4–6.4 mm, BW = 1.9–2.8 mm. Color. Head and antenna black (Figs 1–4); mouth parts brown to dark brown; pronotum yellow with three black stripes and black punctures (Fig. 5); scutellum black; elytra yellow with punctures along striae black and elytral suture brown (Figs 1, 3); underside black (Figs 2, 4); legs yellow, apices of femora, tibiae and tarsomeres black (Figs 1–4). Head. Eyes prominent, supraocular furrow distinct (Fig. 6); vertex with distinct tubercles along medial groove, with dense, flat, individually indistinguishable pubescence extending over tubercles (Figs 6, 7); transverse carina behind antennal base as high as vertex, covered with long yellow setae (Fig. 6); frontoclypeus with long yellowish setae (Figs 6, 7); anteclypeus exposed or enclosed; labrum broad, apical margin slightly protruding, with a row of punctures at base and a few punctures at lateral sides; mentum with dense long setae, apex emarginated (Fig. 11); apical labial palpomere flattened, short, broad; labial and maxillary palpi with setae restricted to mesal surface; antenna long, extending beyond middle of elytron (Figs 1–4); scape (antennomere 1) with mesal surface flat, smooth, glabrous, rest of scape and antennomeres 2–11 with dense, flat pubescence, most setae individually indistinguishable (Figs 6, 13); length ratio of scape and antennomeres 2–4 equals 31: 16: 19: 26. Thorax. Pronotum (Figs 5, 14) quadrate, PL/PW = 0.99 (0.92–1.03); pronotal angles projecting, each bearing a seta (two or three setae at a single angle in a few specimens); apex slightly wider than base; apical margin convex; basal margin flat; anterolateral tubercles protruded distinctly; lateral margin gradually narrowing backwards from anterolateral tubercle; lateral margin narrowed in middle; no ridge or carina anterior to basal angle; disc slightly shiny, glabrous, with fine transverse wrinkles and fine punctures outside median groove, with scattered coarse punctures near apical and basal margins; median groove deep, wide, with fine transverse wrinkles and fine punctures at bottom; longitudinal black stripes long, exceeding anterior and posterior transverse grooves. Hypomeron (Fig. 14) with wrinkles and a small triangular supracoxal pubescent patch. Prosternum (Fig. 14) covered with dense flat pubescence, mixed with sparse long individually distinguishable setae, prosternum slightly convex in central area before procoxae. Scutellum (Fig. 5) triangular, with sharp apex. Elytra. EL/EW = 1.85 (1.64–1.94), widest near middle, narrowed backwards; apex truncate with triangular spine at outer angle (Figs 1, 3, 12); spine slightly longer than its width at base; punctures along striae relatively fine, arranged in paired rows; surface of intervals shiny, alternating intervals 2, 4, 6, 8 wider and convex (Figs 1, 3, 8), elytral suture convex with shallow transverse wrinkles; sutural apex with obtuse angulation (Fig. 12); epipleuron as wide as outermost interval, convex, extending over spine at outer angle (Fig. 4); groove at shoulder shallow, basal depression shallow, medial depression inconspicuous (Figs 1, 3). Abdomen. Sterna with dense, flat pubescence, mixed with sparse long individually distinguishable setae (Figs 17, 19). Legs. Profemur with a short linearly arranged brush of setae basally on posterior surface (Fig. 16); pro- and meso-tibial spurs short, inconspicuous, metatibia slightly curved in both sex (Figs 9, 15); metatarsus (Fig. 10) with markedly reduced pubescence, fifth tarsomere elongate, 1.2–1.4 times as long as basal three combined, first tarsomere longer than second, second longer than third, third tarsomere cylindrical, slightly bilobed in dorsal view; tarsal claw simple, elongate, with a small tooth at base. Male genitalia. Median lobe of aedeagus stout, slightly truncate at apex in dorsal view (Fig. 21); cap of tegmen slender, more sclerotized at apical half, with several long setae at apex (Fig. 23); endophallus with apex of MEG turned dorsal, two ELDs fused, enclosing MEG, PDS paired, with apex broadly expanded in dorsal view, without pELD (Figs 21, 22). Sexual dimorphism. Male generally smaller than female (Figs 1–4); apical abdominal sternum with a medial depression of variable depth in male (Fig. 17), such a depression is absent in female (Fig. 19); hind margin of pygidium slightly rounded in male (Fig. 18), truncate in female (Fig. 20). Distribution. China (Guizhou) (Fig. 85). Host plants. Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara and Ottelia acuminata (Gagnep.) Dandy (both Hydrocharitaceae) are recorded as larval host plants, with the former being the major host. Biology. The type locality of this new species is a clean river running at a moderate speed while harbouring a variety of aquatic vegetation (Fig. 87). We observed larvae and cocoons (with larvae, pupae or adults inside) adhering to the roots of host plant (Fig. 86). In the laboratory, adults were never observed flying, although they can walk slowly out of water for a long time (more than two hours). Etymology. The species name huaxiensis refers to the type locality, Huaxi river. Remarks. This new species was wrongly identified as M. japana by Zhang et al. (2010). It resembles M. japana in many characters (see the key), among which three black stripes on pronotal disc (Figs 5, 56) and a triangular supracoxal pubescent patch on hypomeron (Figs 14, 54) are shared only by these two species in Macroplea. However, M. huaxiensis can be easily separated from M. japana by the characters listed in the key. Other characters useful in separating these two species are the following: mentum is densely pubescent in M. huaxiensis (Fig. 11), while the same is sparsely pubescent in M. japana; ventral surface is mixed with sparse long individually distinguishable setae in the former (Figs 14, 16, 17, 19), while such setae are absent in M. japana; prosternum in middle part before procoxae is slightly convex in M. huaxiensis (Fig. 14), however the same is distinctly convex in M. japana (Fig. 54); elytral apex is truncate in M. huaxiensis (Fig. 12), and the same is emarginate in M. japana (Fig. 64); base of metatarsal claw with a small tooth in M. huaxiensis (Fig. 10), but such a tooth is absent in M. japana (Fig. 68); tip of median lobe of aedeagus is slightly truncate in M. huaxiensis (Fig. 21), while the same is more acute in M. japana (Fig. 73); endophallus with ELD robust and apex of PDS broadly expanded in dorsal view in the former (Fig. 21), however the same are much more slender in M. japana (Fig. 75). The densely pubescent mentum (Fig. 11) in M. huaxiensis is unique as the same is glabrous or sparsely pubescent in all other members of the genus. Densely pubescent mentum is a feature of Neohaemonia species distributed in the new world (Askevold, 1988: 403).

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2011
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24. Macroplea ranina Lou & Yu, sp. nov

Author

Lou, Qiaozhe, Yu, Peiyu, and Liang, Hongbin

Subjects
Coleoptera, Macroplea ranina, Insecta, Arthropoda, Chrysomelidae, Macroplea, Animalia, Biodiversity, Taxonomy
Abstract

Macroplea ranina Lou & Yu, sp. nov. (Figs 24���49, 88, 89) Type locality. Zoig�� County, Sichuan Province, China, 33.58143�� N, 102.87080�� E, 3454 m. Types. Holotype: male, ��� CHINA, Sichuan Prov., Zoig�� County, Keji Prairie, 33.58143��N, 102.87080��E ���/ ��� 3454 m, 2007. VI. 25. Hongbin Liang coll. Institute of Zoology, Chinese Acad. Sci.���/ ��� Macroplea ranina sp. n., Holotype, designated by Lou & Yu, 2011 ��� [red label]. Paratypes (total 10 specimens): 1 male and 1 female, ��� CHINA, Sichuan Prov., Zoig�� County, Keji Prairie, frog stomach.���/ ��� 3454 m, 2005. V. 6. Jindong Zhang coll. Institute of Zoology Chinese Acad. Sci.���/ ��� Macroplea ranina sp. n., Paratype, designated by Lou & Yu, 2011 ��� [yellow label]; 2 males and 2 females, ��� CHINA, Sichuan Prov., Zoig�� County, Keji Prairie, 33.58143��N, 102.87080��E ���/ ��� 3454 m, 2007. VI. 25. Hongbin Liang coll. Institute of Zoology Chinese Acad. Sci.���/ ��� Macroplea ranina sp. n., Paratype, designated by Lou & Yu, 2011 ��� [yellow label]; 2 males (Osaka Museum of Natural History), ��� CHINA, Sichuan Prov., Zoig�� County, Keji Prairie, 33.58143��N, 102.87080��E ���/ ��� 3454 m, 2007. VI. 25. T. Sota coll.���/ ��� Macroplea ranina sp. n., Paratype, designated by Lou & Yu, 2011 ��� [yellow label]; 1 male and 1 female, ��� CHINA, Sichuan Prov., Zoig�� County, Keji Prairie, 33.58143�� N, 102.87080�� E 2007.VI, Jindong Zhang coll. Institute of Zoology Chinese Acad. Sci.���/ ��� Macroplea ranina sp. n., Paratype, designated by Lou & Yu, 2011 ��� [yellow label]. Diagnosis. Pronotum and elytra glabrous (Figs 28, 31); ventral surface covered with dense long individually distinguishable setae (Figs 32, 34); antenna short, not extending beyond middle of elytron (Figs 24���27); fourth antennomere about 1.3 times as long as third (Fig. 33); mentum with very sparse setae, not bilobed (Fig. 30); pronotum wrinkled, with deep, wide, black median groove and two deep depressions near apical margin, coarsely punctate near apical and basal margins (Figs 28, 32); hypomeron with an oblong supracoxal pubescent patch (Fig. 32); elytral apex nearly truncate, without spine at apical angles, only with obtuse angulation (Figs 24, 26, 35); punctures along striae not arranged in paired rows, intervals with subequal width (Figs 24, 26, 31); apical metatarsomere as long as basal three combined (Fig. 39). Description. Size. Male: BL = 5.4���6.9 mm. BW = 2.2���2.7 mm; female: BL = 6.9���8.5 mm. BW = 2.6���3.3 mm. Color. Head black; antenna dark brown or black (Figs 24, 26, 33); mouth parts dark brown; pronotum yellow with black median groove and black punctures (Fig. 28); scutellum black; elytra yellow with punctures along striae black and elytral suture brown (Figs 24, 26); underside black (Figs 25, 27); legs yellow, apices of femora, tibiae and tarsomeres brown (Figs 24���27). Head. Eyes prominent, supraocular furrow distinct (Fig. 29); vertex with distinct tubercles along medial groove, with dense long yellowish setae extending over tubercles (Figs 29, 32); transverse carina behind antennal base as high as vertex, covered with long yellow setae (Figs 29, 32); frontoclypeus covered with long yellow setae (Fig. 29); anteclypeus exposed or enclosed; labrum broad, with a row of punctures at base and a few punctures at lateral sides; mentum with very sparse setae, apical margin nearly straight (Fig. 30); apical labial palpomere flattened, short, broad; labial and maxillary palpi with setae restricted to mesal surface; antenna short, not extending beyond middle of elytron (Figs 24���27); scape (antennomere 1) with mesal surface flat, smooth, glabrous, rest of scape and antennomeres 2���11 with dense short individually distinguishable setae (Figs 29, 33); length ratio of scape and antennomeres 2���4 equals 43: 22: 25: 33. Thorax. Pronotum (Figs 28, 32) quadrate, PL/PW = 0.92 (0.87���0.95); pronotal angles projecting, each bearing a seta (two or three setae at a single angle in a few specimens); apex slightly wider than base; apical margin convex; basal margin flat; anterolateral tubercles protruded distinctly; lateral margin narrowed in middle; posterolateral tubercle small, extending to disc, forming a conic elevation; disc shiny, glabrous, with two wrinkled depressions deep near anterolateral tubercle, and shallow posteriorly; disc with scattered coarse punctures near apical and basal margins; median groove deep, wide, slightly wrinkled at bottom. Hypomeron (Fig. 32) with wrinkles and an oblong supracoxal pubescent patch. Prosternum (Fig. 32) covered with dense long yellow setae, prosternum slightly convex in central area before procoxae. Scutellum (Fig. 28) triangular, with sharp apex. Elytra. EL/EW = 1.78 (1.64���1.93), widest near middle, narrowed backwards; apex slightly emarginate with obtuse angulation at outer angle (Figs 24, 26, 35); punctures along striae relatively coarse, not arranged in paired rows; intervals nearly uniformly wide, convex, with irregular shallow transverse wrinkles, surface shiny (Figs 24, 26, 31), elytral suture convex, smooth (Fig. 31); sutural apex with obtuse angulation (Fig. 35); epipleuron as wide as or narrower than outermost interval, convex (Fig. 35); groove at shoulder shallow, basal depression shallow, medial depression inconspicuous (Figs 24, 26). Abdomen. Sterna with dense long yellow setae, individual seta distinguishable, surface with large punctures, interstices microreticulate (Figs 34, 40). Legs. Profemur with a short linearly arranged brush of setae basally on posterior surface (Fig. 36); pro- and meso-tibial spurs short, inconspicuous, metatibia slightly curved in both sex (Figs 37, 38); metatarsus (Fig. 39) with markedly reduced pubescence, apical tarsomere elongate, as long as basal three combined, first tarsomere longer than second, second longer than third, third tarsomere cylindrical, slightly bilobed in dorsal view, tarsal claws simple, elongate, with a small tooth at base. Male genitalia. Median lobe of aedeagus acute at apex (Figs 44, 45); cap of tegmen robust at middle, with several long setae at apex (Fig. 46); endophallus with apex of MEG turned dorsal, two ELDs fused, enclosing MEG, PDS also fused, cricoid in lateral view, without pELD (Figs 47���49). Sexual dimorphism. Male smaller than female (Figs 24���27); apical abdominal sternum with a shallow medial depression of variable depth in male (Fig. 40), while such a depression is absent in female (Fig. 42); hind margin of pygidium slightly rounded in male (Fig. 41) but the same is truncate in female (Fig. 43). Distribution. China (Sichuan) (Fig. 85). Host plant. Hippuris vulgaris L. (Hippuridaceae) (Larval host plant). Biology. The type specimens of this species collected by the corresponding author (Liang) and Teiji Sota were from two fresh ponds (Figs 88, 89) at Keji Prairie, Sichuan Province in 2007. A number of live cocoons were found adhering to the roots of Hippuris vulgaris L. (Hippuridaceae) in one pond, and live adults and empty cocoons were found in another pond where Ranunculus sp. (Ranunculaceae) was dominant. Etymology. The species is named after Ranidae, a family of frogs, from the stomach of which this new species was first collected. Remarks. The new species closely resembles Neohaemonia voronovae Medvedev, 1977 (type locality: Ogii Nuur, Arkhangay, Mongolia) in having shorter antenna not extending beyond the middle of elytron (Figs 24���27); pronotum with setae at anterior and posterior angles (Fig 28); pronotum with transverse elevation at anterior quarter (Figs 28, 32); elytral striae with single rows of punctures (Figs 24, 26, 31); and metatarsomeres having similar length ratio (Fig. 39). We have not examined the type of N. voronovae Medvedev. However, Dr. Medvedev kindly sent us habitus photographs of the type. According to the original description and comments and photographs from Dr. Medvedev, the new species differs from N. voronovae Medvedev in having angulation at elytral outer angle obtuse (Fig. 35) (with long and sharp spine in N. voronovae); pronotum with median groove deep and wide (Fig. 28) (median groove on pronotum shallow and narrow in N. voronovae); pronotum with lateral margin moderately narrowed in middle (Fig. 28) (strongly narrowed in the latter) and pronotum with coarse punctures black (Fig. 28) (punctures fulvous in N. voronovae). The new species differs from other Macroplea species by the following characters: antenna relatively short, not extending beyond middle of elytron (Figs 24���27); fifth metatarsomere as long as basal three combined (Fig. 39); punctures along elytral striae in single rows (Figs 24, 26, 31); underside with dense long individually distinguishable setae (Figs 32, 34) and hypomeron with an oblong supracoxal pubescent patch (Fig. 32). All the above characters, except the single rows of punctures along elytral striae, are attributed to species of Neohaemonia in the phylogenetic analysis by Askevold (1988). However M. ranina too shares these characters with Neohaemonia. Therefore, assignment of this new species in Macroplea has slightly expanded its generic limit. Apparently, N. voronovae Medvedev, 1977, too could be shifted to Macroplea. However, we hesitate to place N. voronovae in Macroplea pending examination of the type., Published as part of Lou, Qiaozhe, Yu, Peiyu & Liang, Hongbin, 2011, Two new species of Macroplea Samouelle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Donaciinae) from China, with a key to all known species, pp. 1-21 in Zootaxa 3003 on pages 7-12, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.278456, {"references":["Medvedev, L. N. (1977) Discovery of a representative of American genus Neohaemonia Szek. (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) in Mongolia. Doklady Akademii Nauk CCCP, 236, 448 - 490 (in Russian, translated into English in Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR, 236, 447 - 449).","Askevold, I. S. (1988) The genus Neohaemonia Szekessy in North America (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Donaciinae): systematics, reconstructed phylogeny, and geographic history. Transactions of the American Entomological Society, 113, 360 - 430."]}

Published
2011
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25. Macroplea

Author

Lou, Qiaozhe, Yu, Peiyu, and Liang, Hongbin

Subjects
Coleoptera, Insecta, Arthropoda, Chrysomelidae, Macroplea, Animalia, Biodiversity, Taxonomy
Abstract

Key to species of Macroplea 1 Punctures along elytral striae coarse, not arranged in paired rows (Figs 24, 26, 31); antenna relatively short, not extending beyond middle of elytron (Figs 24–27); metatarsus with apical tarsomere as long as basal three combined (Fig. 39); hypomeron with an oblong supracoxal pubescent patch (Fig. 32); BL = 5.4–8.5 mm. China (Sichuan).............. M. ranina sp. nov. - Punctures along elytral striae fine, arranged more or less in paired rows (Figs 1, 3, 50–53); antenna relatively long, extending beyond middle of elytron (Figs 1–3, 50, 52, 53); metatarsus with apical tarsomere more than 1.2 times as long as basal three combined (Figs 10, 68, 70, 71); hypomeron with at most a small triangular supracoxal pubescent patch (Figs 14, 54)....... 2 2 Pronotum and elytron pubescent, with conspicuous dense long hairs (Figs 57, 61); elytron without spine at outer apical angle (Fig. 65); pronotum without black spots or stripes on disc (Fig. 57); BL: 5.0–8.6 mm. China (Heilongjiang, Ningxia, Gansu, Xinjiang (Aksu)); Finland........................................................ M. pubipennis (Reuter, 1875) - Pronotum and elytron glabrous or with very sparse short hairs (Figs 5, 8, 56, 58, 59, 60, 62, 63); elytron with spine at outer apical angle (Figs 12, 64, 66, 67); pronotum with black spots or stripes on disc (Figs 5, 56, 58, 59)........................ 3 3 Pronotum without coarse black punctures near apical and basal margin, medial longitudinal groove shallow, not black (Figs 58, 59); hypomeron without supracoxal pubescent patch; second metatarsomere longer than or equal to first (Figs 70, 71)...... 4 - Pronotum with coarse black punctures near apical and basal margin, medial longitudinal groove deep, black (Figs 5, 56); hypomeron with a small triangular supracoxal pubescent patch (Figs 14, 54); first metatarsomere much longer than second (Figs 10, 68)......................................................................................... 5 4 Median lobe of aedeagus relatively robust, apex with a denticle (Figs 77, 78); elytral outer apical spine generally long, with base narrow (Fig. 66); seond metatarsomere longer than first (Fig. 70); body relatively large, BL: 5.9–7.7 mm. China (Xinjiang (Altay)); Siberia; Middle Asia; Europe; Algeria..................................... M. appendiculata (Panzer, 1794) - Median lobe of aedeagus relatively slender, apex gradually narrowed (Figs 79, 80); elytral outer apical spine generally short, with base broad (Fig. 67); second metatarsomere equal to or slightly longer than first (Fig. 71); body relatively small, BL: 5.3–6.6 mm. China (Heilongjiang, Tianjin); Japan; Siberia; Mongolia; Middle Asia; Europe.... M. mutica (Fabricius, 1792) 5 Pronotum and elytron smooth, without wrinkles (Figs 56, 60); lateral outline of elytra nearly parallel (Fig. 52); vertical tubercles distinctly convex (Figs 54, 55); black stripes on pronotal disc short (Fig. 56); body relatively small, BL: 3.5–4.5 mm. China (Heilongjiang, Hebei, Jiangsu, Hubei); Japan; East Siberia............................ M. japana (Jacoby, 1885) - Pronotum and elytron with wrinkles (Figs 5, 8); lateral outline of elytra not parallel, widest near middle (Figs 1, 3); vertical tubercles less convex (Figs 6, 7); black stripes on pronotal disc long (Fig. 5); body relatively large, BL: 5.1–6.4 mm. China (Guizhou).......................................................................... M. huaxiensis sp. nov.

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2011
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27. New evidence on the phylogeny and biogeography of the Amphizoidae: Discovery of a new species from China (Coleoptera)

Author

Yu Peiyu and Nigel E. Stork

Subjects
Biogeography, Holotype, Zoology, Biology, biology.organism_classification, Zoogeography, Evolutionary biology, Phylogenetics, Insect Science, Taxonomy (biology), China, Amphizoa, Taxonomic key, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics
Abstract

A new species, Amphizoa sinica, is described from Chang bei shan in Northern China. A revised key is provided for this and the other four species of this monogeneric and enigmatic group. Phylo­ genetic and zoogeographic relationships are discussed.

Published
1991

29. Biological studies on Temnaspis nankinea (Pic) (Chrysomelidae: Megalopodinae)

Author

Yang Xingke and Yu Peiyu

Subjects
Megalopodinae, Old World, biology, Verbenaceae, Oleaceae, Botany, Euphorbiaceae, Adenostemma, Bignoniaceae, Pantropical, biology.organism_classification
Abstract

Megalopodinae is one of the primitive subfamilies of the Chrysomelidae. It belongs to the Eupoda group. There are about 350 known species in the world. They are pantropical species, except the two Asian genera, Temnaspis and Poecilomorpha, which are distributed beyond the tropics, especially P. cyanipennis (Kraatz) which is distributed far to Amur region in Siberia. The biology of this subfamily has been studied only in a few cases. The first report was given by Lacordaire 1846, Monros 1954 reported on Megalopus jacobyi, Yu et al., 1977 reported on Temnaspis nankinea (Pic) and Santo 1981 reported on Agathomerus sellatus. Jolivet 1988 gave a brief review on the biology of this subfamily and their host plants. He pointed out that the adults feed on dicotyledonous herbs or small shrubs; they cut off the tips of succulent shoots and feed on the sap; and the females lay their eggs inside the stem and pupate in the soil. Jolivet himself observed that Agathomerus feed on Adenostemma (Asteraceae). He mentioned that Oleaceae, Rosaceae, Cucurbitaceae, and Leg-uminoseae (Temnaspis, Clytraxeloma, Poecilomorpha) could be used as host plants in Asia, and Bignoniaceae (Mastotethus), Verbenaceae, Euphorbiaceae, and Amaranthaceae (other genera) in South America. Solanaceae seem to be the common choice in South America. He reported in 1977 that the known megalopods feed on Dicotyledons; moreover a tendency is also displayed in their preference to Solanaceae as their food plants for the Subfamily. He pointed out that the biology of the Old World species still lacks observation.

Published
1994

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