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The study aims to probe the roles of learning desire and persistence in influencing Gen Z learners' continuance intention of using YouTube for learning in digital learning context. Building upon prior research, a research framework with 10 hypotheses was proposed and empirically tested by using Partial Least Squares Structure Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to analyze the data collected from 361 Gen Z learners. The empirical study results reveal that learners' perceived hedonic value has significantly positive effect on both learning desire and persistence. Also, learners' perceived utilitarian value has significantly positive effect on both learning desire and persistence. Learning desire is found to have positive impact on persistence. Furthermore, both learning desire and persistence have significantly positive effect on satisfaction, with learning desire exerting a greater influence. Moreover, both learning desire and learning satisfaction positively affect learners' continuance learning intention. The validated framework and findings can serve as the reference for educators and online learning platforms in designing courses and formulating teaching strategies in the context of leveraging YouTube for digital learning, so as to enhance learners' continuance learning intention.

Abstract Developing devices with a wide-temperature range persistent photoconductivity (PPC) and ultra-low power consumption remains a significant challenge for optical synaptic devices used in neuromorphic computing. By harnessing the PPC properties in materials, it can achieve optical storage and neuromorphic computing, surpassing the von Neuman architecture-based systems. However, previous research implemented PPC required additional gate voltages and low temperatures, which need additional energy consumption and PPC cannot be achieved across a wide temperature range. Here, we fabricated a simple heterojunctions using zinc(II)-meso-tetraphenyl porphyrin (ZnTPP) and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). By leveraging the strong binding energy at the heterojunction interface and the unique band structure, the heterojunction achieved PPC over an exceptionally wide temperature range (77 K-400 K). Remarkably, it demonstrated nonvolatile storage for up to 2×104 s, without additional gate voltage. The minimum energy consumption for each synaptic event is as low as 6.5 aJ. Furthermore, we successfully demonstrate the feasibility to manufacture a flexible wafer-scale array utilizing this heterojunction. We applied it to autonomous driving under extreme temperatures and achieved as a high impressive accuracy rate as 94.5%. This tunable and stable wide-temperature PPC capability holds promise for ultra-low-power neuromorphic computing.

Abstract To study the clinical characteristics of macula off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) with peripheral causative breaks and concomitant macular hole (RRD+MH). This is a bi-center study. Consecutive eyes of macula off RRD with or without macular hole (MH) were collected. Eyes in these two groups were compared with best corrected visual acuity in logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (logMAR BCVA), the presence of choroidal detachment (CD), proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) and the extent of RRD. In the group of RRD+MH, regression analysis was used to evaluate the correlation of clinical factors and final logMar BCVA. In addition, optical coherence tomography was performed both pre-and post-operatively if possible. There were 40 eyes in the RRD+MH group and 80 eyes in the control group. Eyes with RRD+MH had worse initial and final logMar BCVA (p

Housing is the major way for Hangzhou residents to access public primary and secondary education resources. The implementation of educational equalization policies will impact housing prices, especially school district housing prices. This paper focuses on the synchronous enrollment policy, which requires both public and private schools to enroll students simultaneously, thus changing the enrollment strategies for students and parents. Using the 2019 implementation of the synchronous enrollment policy in Hangzhou primary schools as a natural experiment, the difference-in-differences and quantile regression models were employed to estimate the capitalization of this policy and its heterogeneity. The results indicate that the policy leads to an appreciation of school district housing prices, with a stronger effect on the housing prices of elite public school districts. To achieve educational equalization, the government must formulate supporting policies to ensure internal balance in public schools and simultaneously create sufficient high-quality educational resources.

A simple, mild and efficient method was proposed to construct fused tricyclic skeletons based on Mannich reaction. This work not only develops a new method to construct the tricyclic skeletons effectively, but also provides a new insight into the fused tricyclic skeletons containing flexible ring, which will greatly contribute to the research and development of the tricyclic energetic compounds. The relationship of structure-activity was studied by weak interactions calculation, single crystal structures analysis, electrostatic potentials calculation. The experimental and theoretical investigations suggest that the fused tricyclic skeleton containing flexible ring possesses better thermal stability and can be derivatized more easily compared with the similar aromatic fused tricyclic skeleton. Besides, the energetic derivates based on the fused tricyclic skeleton containing flexible ring possess good comprehensive properties: 2 (D ​= ​7726 ​m ​s−1, p ​= ​22.7 ​GPa) and 4 (D ​= ​8151 ​m ​s−1, p ​= ​26.3 ​GPa). All these results suggest that the fused tricyclic skeleton containing flexible ring is an ideal candidate to construct energetic compounds.

BackgroundFibromyalgia (FM) is a syndrome characterized by chronic and widespread musculoskeletal pain. A number of studies have implied a potential association between gut microbiota and FM. However, the casual association between gut microbiota and FM remains unknown.MethodMendelian randomization (MR) study was conducted using the summary statistics of genetic variants from the genome-wide association study (GWAS). Inverse variance weighted (IVW), combined with MR-Egger and weighted median were used to investigate the causal association between 119 gut microbiota genera and FM. Sensitivity analyses were performed on the MR results, including heterogeneity test, leave-one-out test and pleiotropy test.ResultsA total of 1,295 single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) were selected as instrumental variables (IVs), with no significant heterogeneity and pleiotropy according to the sensitivity analyses. Five gut microbiota genera were found to have significant casual association with FM. Coprococcus2 (OR = 2.317, p-value = 0.005, 95% CI: 1.289–4.167), Eggerthella (OR = 1.897, p-value = 0.001, 95% CI: 1.313–2.741) and Lactobacillus (OR = 1.576, p-value =0.020, 95% CI: 1.073–2.315) can increase the risk of FM. FamillyXIIIUCG001 (OR = 0.528, p-value = 0.038, 95% CI: 0.289–0.964) and Olsenella (OR = 0.747, p-value = 0.050, 95% CI: 0.557–1.000) can decrease the risk of FM.ConclusionThis MR study found that gut microbiota is casually associated with FM. New insights into the mechanisms of FM mediated by gut microbiota are provided.

Recent discoveries of Earth-sized planets transiting nearby M dwarfs have made it possible to characterize the atmospheres of terrestrial planets via follow-up spectroscopic observations. However, the number of such planets receiving low insolation is still small, limiting our ability to understand the diversity of the atmospheric composition and climates of temperate terrestrial planets. We report the discovery of an Earth-sized planet transiting the nearby (12 pc) inactive M3.0 dwarf Gliese 12 (TOI-6251) with an orbital period ( P _orb ) of 12.76 days. The planet, Gliese 12 b, was initially identified as a candidate with an ambiguous P _orb from TESS data. We confirmed the transit signal and P _orb using ground-based photometry with MuSCAT2 and MuSCAT3, and validated the planetary nature of the signal using high-resolution images from Gemini/NIRI and Keck/NIRC2 as well as radial velocity (RV) measurements from the InfraRed Doppler instrument on the Subaru 8.2 m telescope and from CARMENES on the CAHA 3.5 m telescope. X-ray observations with XMM-Newton showed the host star is inactive, with an X-ray-to-bolometric luminosity ratio of $\mathrm{log}{L}_{{\rm{X}}}/{L}_{\mathrm{bol}}\approx -5.7$ . Joint analysis of the light curves and RV measurements revealed that Gliese 12 b has a radius of 0.96 ± 0.05 R _⊕ , a 3 σ mass upper limit of 3.9 M _⊕ , and an equilibrium temperature of 315 ± 6 K assuming zero albedo. The transmission spectroscopy metric (TSM) value of Gliese 12 b is close to the TSM values of the TRAPPIST-1 planets, adding Gliese 12 b to the small list of potentially terrestrial, temperate planets amenable to atmospheric characterization with JWST.

Background/aimsTo investigate the specific effects of s odium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) on cardiac energy metabolism.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted in eight databases. The retrieved studies were screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and relevant information was extracted according to the purpose of the study. Two researchers independently screened the studies, extracted information, and assessed article quality.ResultsThe results of the 34 included studies (including 10 clinical and 24 animal studies) showed that SGLT2i inhibited cardiac glucose uptake and glycolysis, but promoted fatty acid (FA) metabolism in most disease states. SGLT2i upregulated ketone metabolism, improved the structure and functions of myocardial mitochondria, alleviated oxidative stress of cardiomyocytes in all literatures. SGLT2i increased cardiac glucose oxidation in diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiac FA metabolism in heart failure (HF). However, the regulatory effects of SGLT2i on cardiac FA metabolism in DM and cardiac glucose oxidation in HF varied with disease types, stages, and intervention duration of SGLT2i.ConclusionSGLT2i improved the efficiency of cardiac energy production by regulating FA, glucose and ketone metabolism, improving mitochondria structure and functions, and decreasing oxidative stress of cardiomyocytes under pathological conditions. Thus, SGLT2i is deemed to exert a benign regulatory effect on cardiac metabolic disorders in various diseases.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/, PROSPERO (CRD42023484295).