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The present study investigated the effects of the ultrasound (US), a noninvasive technique, on ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) following cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). The animals used in the present study were randomized into five groups (n=8 per group) as follows: i) The CPR group, where the rats underwent 6 min of untreated ventricular fibrillation (VF) followed by CPR and defibrillation; ii) the US group, in which the treatment was identical to the CPR group with the exception that rats were exposed to US treatment 24 h prior to CPR; iii) the MLA group, in which the treatment was identical to the US group with the exception that the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) antagonist MLA (4 mg/kg) was administered 30 min prior to US and VF respectively; iv) the GTS group, in which the treatment was identical to the CPR group with the exception that the α7nAChR agonist GTS-21 (4 mg/kg) was injected 30 min prior to VF; and v) the SHAM group, in which the rats were exposed to surgical preparation without CPR and US application. At 1 day prior to CPR, the US treatment was administered to the left kidney by US pulses (contrast general mode with 9 MHz) with a bursting mechanical index of 0.72 for 2 min. Following treatment of the left kidney, the right kidney was exposed to identical US treatment for an additional 2 min. The results demonstrated that US preconditioning decreased the number of defibrillations required and shortened the duration of CPR. US also suppressed tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 levels following resuscitation (P

In this study, a novel algorithm based on the linear canonical transform (LCT) is proposed for parameters estimation of a quadratic frequency modulated (QFM) signal. First, a new kind of generalised LCT (GLCT) is defined and the GLCT of the QFM signal will generate an impulse. The third-order phase coefficient of the QFM signal can be estimated in accordance to the position information of such impulse. After compensating off the third-order phase coefficient, the QFM signal can be approximated to linear frequency modulated (LFM) signal and the second-order, first-order phase coefficient and the amplitude can be estimated by algorithms for estimating the LFM signal. The proposed algorithm does not suffer a heavy computational burden because it only requires one dimensionality maximisation and the LCT has fast numerical algorithm as well. Moreover, the proposed algorithm has accurate estimation and low signal to noise ratio (SNR) threshold. Meanwhile, high-output SNR of the proposed algorithm can be gotten with a small number of sampling points. Comparisons with existing algorithms verify that the proposed algorithm has a good performance in the aspects of computational complexity, accuracy and output SNR in some cases.

With the rapid development of the offset linear canonical transform (OLCT) in the fields of optics and signal processing, it is necessary to consider the nonuniform sampling associated with the OLCT. Nowadays, the analysis and applications of the nonuniform sampling for deterministic signals in the OLCT domain have been well published and studied. However, none of the results about the reconstruction of nonuniform sampling for random signals in the OLCT domain have been proposed until now. In this paper, the nonuniform sampling and reconstruction of random signals in the OLCT domain are investigated. Firstly, a brief introduction to the fundamental knowledge of the OLCT and some special nonuniform sampling models are given. Then, the reconstruction theorems for random signals from nonuniform samples in the OLCT domain have been derived for different nonuniform sampling models. Finally, the simulation results are given to verify the accuracy of theoretical results.

Non-Fourier analysis is introduced in thermal shock problems of wet shift clutch friction of heavy vehicles. The limited nature of clutch's heat propagation velocity is considered on conditions of extreme heat transfer. The non-Fourier heat conduction equation of friction in the binding process is established. Through the structural simulation analysis of transient thermal of friction, obtain the non-Fourier temperature field distribution of friction during the combination, as well as the radial and axial temperature profile. The affect of different relaxation time impact on non-Fourier heat conduction process of friction and heat delay is analyzed.

The internet of things (IoT) technology has great potential in obtaining, analyzing, processing, controlling and feeding back the information of entity properties (location, status, behavior, characteristic, etc.), which will play an active role in promoting the development of smart grid. In this paper, we apply the IoT technology in the smart grid field. A kind of system architecture of smart grid is built according to the IoT system architecture. The system architecture of smart grid is divided into three layers -- the perception layer, the communication layer and the application layer. The application of IoT technology in every layer of the system architecture of the smart grid is analyzed and discussed in detail. Finally, the application prospect and problems which should be solved are forecast. It is found that the IoT technology will make smart grid more efficient, more intelligent, more secure and more convenient.

LTE femtocell is very popular in communication fields. The size and the cost of LTE femto BS should be paid more attention. Here, we designed a low cost MIMO RF transceiver for LTE femto base station, which also has small size. After the analyses of the transmitter and receiver requirements, we put forward block level RF parameters. In the paper, the RF transceiver was separated into many sub-modules; each one was separately designed and realized successfully. The final results demonstrate that the fully integrated RF transceiver not only has small size but also met the requirements of LTE femto BS. The approach of design and implementation could be pushed into the commercial use.

PURPOSE To evaluate the efficiency of recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV)-mediated CD151 gene delivery in promoting neovascularization and improving blood perfusion in the skeletal muscle of the rat hind-limb ischemia model. METHODS CD151 was constructed into the rAAV vector. Twelve Wistar rats were randomly divided into 2 groups of 6 rats each and then intramuscularly injected with rAAV-CD151 or rAAV-GFP, respectively, in one hind limb. Two weeks after gene delivery, the femoral arteries in the treated limbs were excised to establish the model of hind-limb ischemia. Expression of the transgene product CD151 was confirmed by Western blot and the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The skin temperature, angiographic score, and capillary density of the hind limb were measured to assess blood perfusion and neovascularization 6 weeks after transfection. RESULTS Compared to the group transfected with GFP, the CD151 group showed a 63% higher angiographic score (p

To investigate the prevalence rate of childhood asthma in 2010 in urban Baotou, China, as well as the characteristics of attacks and the status of diagnosis and treatment of childhood asthma.More than 10 000 children (0-14 years) were selected from 3 secondary schools, 3 primary schools, 6 kindergartens, and 4 community vaccination sites in urban Baotou by cluster random sampling between September 2009 and August 2010. A standardized preliminary questionnaire was used for screening out suspected cases, which were then confirmed or excluded by a clinician; the confirmed cases underwent further questionnaire survey. Double entry and validation was adopted for all data using Epi-Info software, and analysis was performed using SPSS 13.0.A total of 11 323 children were surveyed. Asthma was diagnosed in 127 cases (including 121 children with typical asthma and 6 children with cough variant asthma), with a prevalence rate of 1.12%. The prevalence rate of asthma in male children was significantly higher than that in female children (1.51% vs 0.72%; P0.01). The prevalence rate of asthma in 2010 was significantly increased compared with that in 1990 (0.55%) and 2000 (0.88%) (P0.05). Systemic glucocorticoid use decreased significantly from 60.2% in 2000 to 25.9% in 2010 (P0.01); inhaled corticosteroid use increased significantly from 13.6% in 2000 to 85.8% in 2010 (P0.01); antibiotic use decreased from 98.1% in 2000 to 66.9% in 2010 (P0.01). The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that family history of allergy, allergic rhinitis, chronic cough, and recurrent respiratory tract infection were independent risk factors for childhood asthma.The prevalence rate of childhood asthma in urban Baotou shows an increasing trend. Inhaled corticosteroids have been widely used.

Accumulating evidence suggests that Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) may be important in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and coronary vasospasm. In the present study, we investigated whether ROCK activity is increased in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. Twenty-one patients with ACS (12 males, mean age 58.0±8.0 years) and 20 control subjects (10 males, mean age 55.0±6.0 years) were enrolled. Blood samples were obtained and demographics were recorded. Peripheral leukocyte ROCK activity was determined by the ratio of phospho-myosin‑binding subunit (P-MBS) on myosin light-chain phosphatase to total MBS. Compared with the control subjects, ROCK activity was significantly increased in ACS patients (0.69±0.07 vs. 0.45±0.04, P0.001). There was no apparent correlation between the lipid levels (total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein) and ROCK activity (r=0.17, P0.05; r=0.08, P0.05; respectively). However, ROCK activity correlated with mean arterial pressure (r=0.58; P0.01). ROCK activity is increased in ACS patients indicating that this may be a novel serological marker of ACS.

Along with the development of VLSI, CMOS image sensor has displayed a strong development trend. The text simply introduces the development course and work principle of CMOS image sensor. It gives the comparison of CCD and CMOS image sensor .The main factors and key technology of CMOS image sensor have been analyzed, And the future of CMOS image sensors is foretold.

Over-expression of CD151 gene in tumor tissues may be associated with metastasis and poor prognosis of cancer, but the mechanism is unknown. This study was designed to determine the effects of CD151 gene on migration of human tongue squamous carcinoma cell line Tca8113.Functional fragment of CD151 gene was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and inserted into plasmid adeno-associated virus (pAAV) vector in sense direction and antisense direction to construct rAAV-CD151 and rAAV-antiCD151, the virus titers were determined by dot blot. Two weeks after transfection, protein level of CD151 in Tca8113 cells was detected by Western blot, the effect of CD151 on migration of Tca8113 cells was detected by Transwell chambers.Titer of rAAV-CD151 was 2x10(11) pfu/ml, titer of rAAV-antiCD151 was 1x10(11) pfu/ml. Transfection of rAAV-CD151 increased expression of CD151 in Tca8113 cells by 108% of control cells, while transfection of rAAV-antiCD151 decreased expression of CD151 in Tca8113 cells by 79% of control cells. Migrated cells count was significantly higher in rAAV-CD151-transfected cells (93.6+/-11.6), and lower in rAAV-antiCD151-transfected cells (24.0+/-4.4) than in untransfected and rAAV-GFP-transfected cells (53.0+/-6.6 and 46.0+/-7.0, P0.05).It is an important molecular mechanism of tumor metastasis that over-expression of CD151 promotes migration of tumor cells. rAAV-antiCD151, a novel therapeutic tool, can specifically reduce the expression of CD151, and inhibit migration of tumor cells.

The ambiguity function (AF) as an important tool for time-frequency analysis, has widely been used in radar signal processing, sonar technology and so on. It does well in analysing chirp signals. However, it fails in estimating the cubic phase (CP) signal, which is required in many applications. As the generalisation of the Fourier transform (FT), the linear canonical transform (LCT) has received much attention, and has found many applications in filter design, pattern recognition, optics and so on. In this study, the authors define a new kind of AF - the AF based on the LCT (LCTAF), which is proposed to estimate the CP signal. Some important properties of LCTAF are discussed, such as symmetry and conjugation property, shifting property and Moyal formula. The relationships between the LCTAF and other time-frequency analysis distributions are derived, including the classical AF, the Wigner distribution function (WDF) based on LCT, the short-FT and the wavelet transform. The linear canonical AF (LCAF) is another kind of AF. The authors also discuss its relation with AF and WDF and give some new properties of the LCAF. At last, the LCTAF is applied for estimating the CP signal. The simulation indicates that the LCTAF is useful and effective.