155 results on '"Yu-Ting Hsu"'
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2. Mitochondrial injury induced by a Salmonella genotoxin triggers the proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype
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Han-Yi Chen, Wan-Chen Hsieh, Yu-Chieh Liu, Huei-Ying Li, Po-Yo Liu, Yu-Ting Hsu, Shao-Chun Hsu, An-Chi Luo, Wei-Chen Kuo, Yi-Jhen Huang, Gan-Guang Liou, Meng-Yun Lin, Chun-Jung Ko, Hsing-Chen Tsai, and Shu-Jung Chang
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Science - Abstract
Abstract Bacterial genotoxins damage host cells by targeting their chromosomal DNA. In the present study, we demonstrate that a genotoxin of Salmonella Typhi, typhoid toxin, triggers the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) by damaging mitochondrial DNA. The actions of typhoid toxin disrupt mitochondrial DNA integrity, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and disturbance of redox homeostasis. Consequently, it facilitates the release of damaged mitochondrial DNA into the cytosol, activating type I interferon via the cGAS-STING pathway. We also reveal that the GCN2-mediated integrated stress response plays a role in the upregulation of inflammatory components depending on the STING signaling axis. These SASP factors can propagate the senescence effect on T cells, leading to senescence in these cells. These findings provide insights into how a bacterial genotoxin targets mitochondria to trigger a proinflammatory SASP, highlighting a potential therapeutic target for an anti-toxin intervention.
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- 2024
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3. A Clinical Breathomics Dataset
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Ping-Hung Kuo, Yue-Chen Jhong, Tien-Chueh Kuo, Yu-Ting Hsu, Ching-Hua Kuo, and Yufeng Jane Tseng
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Science - Abstract
Abstract This study entailed a comprehensive GC‒MS analysis conducted on 121 patient samples to generate a clinical breathomics dataset. Breath molecules, indicative of diverse conditions such as psychological and pathological states and the microbiome, were of particular interest due to their non-invasive nature. The highlighted noninvasive approach for detecting these breath molecules significantly enhances diagnostic and monitoring capacities. This dataset cataloged volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from the breath of individuals with asthma, bronchiectasis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Uniform and consistent sample collection protocols were strictly adhered to during the accumulation of this extensive dataset, ensuring its reliability. It encapsulates extensive human clinical breath molecule data pertinent to three specific diseases. This consequential clinical breathomics dataset is a crucial resource for researchers and clinicians in identifying and exploring important compounds within the patient’s breath, thereby augmenting future diagnostic and therapeutic initiatives.
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- 2024
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4. In vitro ruminal fermentation and cow-to-mouse fecal transplantations verify the inter-relationship of microbiome and metabolome biomarkers: potential to promote health in dairy cows
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Jui-Chun Hsieh, Shih-Te Chuang, Yu-Ting Hsu, Shang-Tse Ho, Kuan-Yi Li, Shih-Hsuan Chou, and Ming-Ju Chen
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Ruminococcus flavefaciens ,Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum ,metabolites ,biomarkers ,dairy cows ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
IntroductionThere are differences in the gut microbiome and metabolome when the host undergoes different physical or pathological conditions. However, the inter-relationship of microbiome and metabolome biomarkers to potentially promote the health of dairy cows needs to be studied. Further, the development of next-generation probiotics for dairy cattle health promotion has not been demonstrated.ObjectiveIn the present study, we identified the microbiome and metabolome biomarkers associated with healthy cows.MethodsWe analyzed the relationships of the ruminal microorganism profile and metabolites between healthy and mastitis lactating dairy cows. The roles of bacterial biomarker were further verified by in vitro fermentation and cow-to-mouse fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).ResultsTwo species, Ruminococcus flavefaciens and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum, and six rumen metabolites were positively correlated with healthy cows by Spearman’s correlation analysis. Through in vitro ruminal fermentation, inoculating R. flavefaciens and B. longum subsp. longum showed the upregulation of the levels of putrescine, xanthurenic acid, and pyridoxal in the mastitis ruminal fluid, which confirmed the inter-relationships between these microbiota and metabolites associated with healthy cows. Further, we verified the role of R. flavefaciens and B. longum subsp. longum in promoting health by FMT. The administration of R. flavefaciens and B. longum subsp. longum reduced the death rate and recovered the bodyweight loss of germ-free mice caused by FMT mastitis feces.DiscussionWe provided evidence that the bacterial biomarkers alter downstream metabolites. This could indirectly indicate that the two bacterial biomarkers have the potential to be used as next-generation probiotics for dairy cattle, although it needs more evidence to support our hypothesis. Two species, R. flavefaciens and B. longum subsp. longum, with three metabolites, putrescine, xanthurenic acid, and pyridoxal, identified in the ruminal fluid, may point to a new health-promoting and disease-preventing approach for dairy cattle.
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- 2023
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5. The successful rehabilitation of a 75-year-old female with debilitating long COVID: A case report
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Wan-Ling Hsu, Yi-Wei Chang, Yi-Shiung Horng, Yu-Ting Hsu, and Pao-Sheng Wu
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COVID-19 ,Pulmonary rehabilitation ,Outcome ,Psychological functions ,Quality of life ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
A 75-year-old previously healthy female became severely ill, functionally dependent, and required long-term home oxygen therapy, after recovery from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) with acute respiratory failure and extensive pulmonary fibrosis. After two months of respiratory muscle training and a comprehensive cardiopulmonary rehabilitation program, her dyspnea, physical performance, pulmonary function parameters, and activities of daily living rapidly improved. This Case highlights the importance of a timely active rehabilitation program for COVID-19 survivors experiencing the long-term effects of coronavirus (long COVID).
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- 2022
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6. Autonomic nervous system dysregulation in response to postural change in patients with pectus excavatum in Taiwan: a pilot study
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Yu-Ting Hsu, Yeung-Leung Cheng, Yi-Wei Chang, Chou-Chin Lan, Yao-Kuang Wu, and Mei-Chen Yang
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Autonomic nervous system ,Pectus excavatum ,Postural change ,Nuss surgery ,Surgery ,RD1-811 ,Anesthesiology ,RD78.3-87.3 - Abstract
Abstract Background Pectus excavatum (PE) negatively impacts psychological function, but its effect on autonomic nervous system (ANS) function has not been investigated. We evaluated ANS function following postural changes in patients with PE. Methods The participants were 14 healthy men (control group) and 20 men with PE (study group). Psychological function was assessed using the visual analog scale for pain, Brief Symptom Rating Scale-5, and Beck Depression Inventory-II. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). ANS regulation in response to postural change was measured in the supine position and immediately after sitting. All measurements were compared between the control and study groups at baseline and between the study groups before and after Nuss surgery. Results At baseline, upon postural change, symptomatic activity increased in the control group (50.3–67.4%, p = 0.035) but not in the study group (55.0–54.9%, p = 0.654); parasympathetic activity decreased in the control group (49.7–32.6%, p = 0.035) but not in the study group (45.1–45.1%, p = 0.654); and overall ANS regulation increased in the control group (1.02–2.08, p = 0.030) but not in the study group (1.22–1.22, p = 0.322). In response to postural change after Nuss surgery in the study group, sympathetic activity increased (48.7–70.2%, p = 0.005), parasympathetic activity decreased (51.3–29.8%, p = 0.005), and overall ANS regulation increased (0.95–2.36, p = 0.012). Conclusion ANS function in response to postural change is dysregulated in patients with PE, which improved after Nuss surgery. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT03346876, November 15, 2017, retrospectively registered, https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S0007KGI&selectaction=Edit&uid=U0003JZU&ts=2&cx=cstxeg
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- 2022
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7. Computer-Aided Simulation on the Impact of the Combination of High-Rise Building Wall and Roof Green Coverage Ratio on Urban Microclimate
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Ying-Ming Su and Yu-Ting Hsu
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urban microclimate ,high-rise building ,vertical greening ,green coverage ratio ,Engineering machinery, tools, and implements ,TA213-215 - Abstract
Environmental issues related to global warming and urbanization are becoming more serious. Many studies have shown that urban vertical planting can effectively reduce ambient temperature. However, the impact of different vertical planting combinations on urban microclimate has rarely been studied in Taiwan. Thus, in this study, the impact of different proportions of green walls and green roofs on the environment is explored. Referring to 6 times 6 high-rise buildings of 90 m in the ideal city. FLUENT was used to simulate the average climatic conditions of the Taipei Station in the past ten years’ summer. Since the actual building has openings that cannot reach 100% vertical plant coverage, the coverage is calculated based on the proportion of the green coverage area to the area of bare walls and roof decks. We had four options, including case 1 without greening, case 2 (green wall 25% + green roof 75%), case 3 (50% green wall + 50% green roof), and case 4 (75% green wall + 25% green roof). The research results show that at the height of the pedestrian layer (1.5 m), the wind speed of urban streets is reduced due to the obstruction of surrounding buildings. The installation of wall greening slows down the wind speed and reduces the ambient temperature, which is better than roof greening. In the urban canopy (90.5 m), as the Z-axis height increases, the higher the green roof ratio, the higher the wind speed. To improve the overall urban wind below 100% of the total greening balance of walls and roofs, it is recommended that wall greening be 50–75% and roof greening be 25–50%.
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- 2023
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8. Assessment of the binding interactions of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein variants
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Deepa Raghu, Pamela Hamill, Arpitha Banaji, Amy McLaren, and Yu-Ting Hsu
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Surface plasmon resonance ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Monoclonal antibody ,RBD ,ACE2 ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus 2 is a major global health issue and is driving the need for new therapeutics. The surface spike protein, which plays a central role in virus infection, is currently the target for vaccines and neutralizing treatments. The emergence of novel variants with multiple mutations in the spike protein may reduce the effectiveness of neutralizing antibodies by altering the binding activity of the protein with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). To understand the impact of spike protein mutations on the binding interactions required for virus infection and the effectiveness of neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies, the binding activities of the original spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD) sequence and the reported spike protein variants were investigated using surface plasmon resonance. In addition, the interactions of the ACE2 receptor, an anti-spike mAb (mAb1), a neutralizing mAb (mAb2), the original spike RBD sequence, and mutants D614G, N501Y, N439K, Y453F, and E484K were assessed. Compared to the original RBD, the Y453F and N501Y mutants displayed a significant increase in ACE2 binding affinity, whereas D614G had a substantial reduction in binding affinity. All mAb-RBD mutant proteins displayed a reduction in binding affinities relative to the original RBD, except for the E484K-mAb1 interaction. The potential neutralizing capability of mAb1 and mAb2 was investigated. Accordingly, mAb1 failed to inhibit the ACE2-RBD interaction while mAb2 inhibited the ACE2-RBD interactions for all RBD mutants, except mutant E484K, which only displayed partial blocking.
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- 2022
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9. Typhoid toxin sorting and exocytic transport from Salmonella Typhi-infected cells
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Shu-Jung Chang, Yu-Ting Hsu, Yun Chen, Yen-Yi Lin, Maria Lara-Tejero, and Jorge E Galan
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typhoid fever ,vesicle transport ,exocytosis ,bacterial pathogenesis ,bacterial toxins ,intracellular pathogens ,Medicine ,Science ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Typhoid toxin is an essential virulence factor for Salmonella Typhi, the cause of typhoid fever in humans. This toxin has an unusual biology in that it is produced by Salmonella Typhi only when located within host cells. Once synthesized, the toxin is secreted to the lumen of the Salmonella-containing vacuole from where it is transported to the extracellular space by vesicle carrier intermediates. Here, we report the identification of the typhoid toxin sorting receptor and components of the cellular machinery that packages the toxin into vesicle carriers, and exports it to the extracellular space. We found that the cation-independent mannose-6-phosphate receptor serves as typhoid toxin sorting receptor and that the coat protein COPII and the GTPase Sar1 mediate its packaging into vesicle carriers. Formation of the typhoid toxin carriers requires the specific environment of the Salmonella Typhi-containing vacuole, which is determined by the activities of specific effectors of its type III protein secretion systems. We also found that Rab11B and its interacting protein Rip11 control the intracellular transport of the typhoid toxin carriers, and the SNARE proteins VAMP7, SNAP23, and Syntaxin 4 their fusion to the plasma membrane. Typhoid toxin’s cooption of specific cellular machinery for its transport to the extracellular space illustrates the remarkable adaptation of an exotoxin to exert its function in the context of an intracellular pathogen.
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- 2022
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10. Exploring trip characteristics of bike-sharing system uses: Effects of land-use patterns and pricing scheme change
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Yi-Hsuan Wu, Lei Kang, Yu-Ting Hsu, and Po-Chieh Wang
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Transportation engineering ,TA1001-1280 - Abstract
Facing the rapidly growing popularity of bike-sharing systems worldwide, this study explores the trip characteristics of using public bikes at the level of zonal Origin-Destination (O-D) pairs, particularly with respect to the effect of pricing scheme change. Based on the transaction records of Youbike, a bike-sharing system in Taipei, Taiwan, which contain data before and after an increase of the rental fee (as the cancellation of a free-usage period for the first 30-minute), the associated demand-side responses are studied in the context of multivariate analysis. Two regression models are developed thereupon to investigate the effect of the change on the O-D demand associated various land-use patterns. A multiple linear regression model is developed for direct before-after analysis on the variation of zonal O-D demand. A finite mixture model is further constructed, which identifies three usage groups with different levels of sensitivity toward the price change. Both models suggest that the pricing scheme change have greater impact on short-distance trips and O-D pairs where alternative transit services are provided; these affected trips can be generally related to frequent users. Such research findings enable better understanding of the usage pattern of bike-sharing systems, which can benefit the associated planning and operation. They also imply the trade-off between the perspective of encouraging greener mobility and other managerial principles regarding public transportation and government subsidy. Keywords: Bike sharing system, Pricing scheme, Land use pattern, User-pays principle, Before-after analysis
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- 2019
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11. Enterobius vermicularis infection: prevalence and risk factors among preschool children in kindergarten in the capital area, Republic of the Marshall Islands
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Chia-Kwung Fan, Ting-Wu Chuang, Ying-Chieh Huang, Ai-Wen Yin, Chia-Mei Chou, Yu-Ting Hsu, Ramson Kios, Shao-Lun Hsu, Ying-Ting Wang, Mai-Szu Wu, Jia-Wei Lin, Kennar Briand, and Chia-Ying Tu
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Enterobius vermicularis ,Preschool children ,Majuro City ,Republic of Marshall Islands ,Infectious and parasitic diseases ,RC109-216 - Abstract
Abstract Background Enterobius vermicularis (pinworm) is one of the most common human parasitic helminths, and children are the most susceptible group. Some behavioral and environmental factors may facilitate pinworm infection. In the Republic of the Marshall Islands (RMI), the status of pinworm infections among children remains unknown. Methods In Majuro City, there are 14 kindergartens with a total of 635 preschool children (PSC) whose age range of 5~6 years. The present investigation attempted to determine the pinworm prevalence and associated risk factors as well as investigate whether eggs contaminated the clothes of PSC or the ground and tables in classrooms of 14 kindergartens. Informed consent form and a self-administered questionnaire were given to parents prior to pinworm screening. Perianal specimens were collected by an adhesive scotch tape method, and clothing of belly and hip sites and the ground and tables of the classrooms were inspected using a cellophane tape method to detect any eggs contamination. Results In total, 392 PSC (5.28 ± 0.56 yrs. old) participated in this project. The overall prevalence of pinworm infection was 22.4% (88/392). Boys (24.5%) had higher prevalence than girls (20.31%) (p = 0.32). PSC aged > 5 years (32.77%) showed a significantly higher prevalence than those aged ≤5 years (17.95%) (p = 0.01). A univariate analysis indicated that PSC who lived in urban areas (22.95%) had a higher prevalence than those who lived in rural areas (20.69%) (p = 0.69). The employment status of the parents showed no association with the pinworm infection rate (p > 0.05). A logistic regression analysis indicated that “having an older sister” produced a higher risk of acquiring pinworm infection for PSC compared to those who did not have an older sister (OR = 2.02; 95%CI = 1.05~3.88; p = 0.04). No significant association between various other risk factors and pinworm infection was found (p > 0.05). Also, no eggs contamination was found on the clothes of the belly and hip sites or on the ground and tables in the 14 kindergartens. Conclusions Mass screening and treatment of infected PSC are important measures in pinworm control in the RMI.
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- 2019
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12. Transcriptomic Analysis of Genes Associated with Oxidative Stress in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Patients with Nasal Polyps: Identifying Novel Genes Involved in Nasal Polyposis
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Yih-Jeng Tsai, Yu-Ting Hsu, Ming-Chieh Ma, Chun-Kuang Wu, Sheng-Dean Luo, and Wen-Bin Wu
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CRS ,CRSwNP ,lactoperoxidase ,oxidative stress ,ROS ,transcriptional profiling ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a complicated inflammatory disease, and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. While some reactive oxygen/nitrogen species-related gene products are reported to participate in CRSwNP, a systemic and full analysis of oxidative-stress-associated genes in CRSwNP has not been extensively studied. Therefore, this study sought to catalog the gene-expression patterns related to oxidative stress and antioxidant defense in control and CRSwNP patients. In total, 25 control and 25 CRSwNP patients were recruited. The distribution and expression of 4-hydroxynonenal and 3-nitrotyrosine as markers of oxidative stress—which is represented by lipid peroxidation and the protein nitration of tyrosine residues in CRSwNP nasal polyps (NPs)—were more apparently increased than those found in the control nasal mucosae, as determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The expression of 84 oxidative-stress-related genes in nasal mucosae and NP tissues was analyzed via real-time PCR, which showed that 19 genes and 4 genes were significantly up- and downregulated, respectively; among them, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) were notably upregulated, whereas lactoperoxidase (LPO), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) were highly downregulated. Changes in the mRNA and protein levels of these redox proteins were confirmed with a customized, real-time PCR array and RT-PCR analysis, as well as Western blotting and IHC assays. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis further suggested that LPO, MPO, SOD3, HO-1, and iNOS are possible endotype predictors of CRSwNP development. Collectively, we present an oxidative-stress-related gene profile of CRSwNP NP tissues, providing evidence that the systemic changes in oxidative stress and the antioxidative defense system, including novel iNOS, heme peroxidases, and other genes, are closely linked to CRSwNP pathology, development, and progression.
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- 2022
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13. Oxidative Stress-Induced Alterations of Cellular Localization and Expression of Aquaporin 1 Lead to Defected Water Transport upon Peritoneal Fibrosis
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Yu-Syuan Wei, Hui-Ping Cheng, Ching-Ho Wu, Yen-Chen Chang, Ruo-Wei Lin, Yu-Ting Hsu, Yi-Ting Chen, Shuei-Liong Lin, Su-Yi Tsai, Shinn-Chih Wu, and Pei-Shiue Tsai
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oxidative stress ,cytoskeleton ,aquaporin ,porcine ,peritoneal dialysis ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Being one of the renal replacement therapies, peritoneal dialysis (PD) maintains around 15% of end-stage kidney disease patients’ lives; however, complications such as peritoneal fibrosis and ultrafiltration failure during long-term PD compromise its application. Previously, we established a sodium hypochlorite (NaClO)-induced peritoneal fibrosis porcine model, which helped to bridge the rodent model toward pre-clinical human peritoneal fibrosis research. In this study, the peritoneal equilibration test (PET) was established to evaluate instant functional changes in the peritoneum in the pig model. Similar to observations from long-term PD patients, increasing small solutes transport and loss of sodium sieving were observed. Mechanistic investigation from both in vivo and in vitro data suggested that disruption of cytoskeleton induced by excessive reactive oxygen species defected intracellular transport of aquaporin 1, this likely resulted in the disappearance of sodium sieving upon PET. Functional interference of aquaporin 1 on free water transport would result in PD failure in patients.
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- 2022
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14. A Novel Semiautomatic Flesh Peeling and Seed Removing Mechanism for Dried Longan
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Cheng-Han Li, Yu-Ting Hsu, Chun-Hung Hsieh, and Ching-Wei Cheng
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dried longan ,lifting mechanism ,silicone soft plate ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
Longans, which are produced in tropical countries, are rich in nutrients and high in commercial value. To extend their shelf life, fresh longans are roasted to dry them out. For the convenience of cooking applications, the dried longan pulp is peeled and seeded beforehand. Presently, this is done manually; thus, this research aims to automate this process. A cutting tool with a serrated bending angle is used to cut the dried longan pulp, and then the longan is fixed by a lifting mechanism. The pulp is breached with a cutting tool and this breach is pushed up against a 6 mm hole in the silicone soft plate of the lifting mechanism to separate out the seed by squeezing. Commercially available dried longans are used in this experiment. The cutting surface width of the cutter designed in this study is 20 mm, and the serration bending angle is 30°. This cutter operates at a speed of 29 cm/s on dried longan pulp, attaining a success rate of 85%. The lifting mechanism also presented in this study fixes the dried longan and uses a squeezing motion to separate the flesh from the seed with a silicone soft plate. Here, a lifting speed of 28 mm/s achieves the highest rate of success at peeling, and the success rate of pulp-and-seed separation can reach 86.7%.
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- 2021
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15. On the Nitrogen Doping in Erbium and Nitrogen Codoped Magnesium Zinc Oxide Diode by Spray Pyrolysis
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Chun-An Chen, Yu-Ting Hsu, Wen-How Lan, Kai-Feng Huang, Kuo-Jen Chang, Mu-Chun Wang, and Chien-Jung Huang
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magnesium zinc oxide ,erbium ,nitrogen doping ,Crystallography ,QD901-999 - Abstract
Diodes with an erbium and nitrogen codoped magnesium zinc oxide (MgZnO:Er,N) active layer were fabricated by spray pyrolysis on Si substrate with aqueous solutions including magnesium nitrate, zinc acetate, erbium acetate, ammonium acetate, and indium nitrate precursors. Diodes with different nitrogen content in their precursor were prepared and their properties were investigated. With scanning electron microscopy, film surface with mixed hexagonal flakes and tiny blocks was characterized for all samples. Certain morphologies varied for samples with different N contents. In the photoluminescence analyses, the intensity of the oxygen-related defects peak increased with the increasing of nitrogen content. The diodes were fabricated with an Au and In deposition on the top and backside. The diode current−voltage as well as capacitance−voltage characteristics were examined. An ununiformed n-type concentration distribution with high concentration near the interface in the MgZnO:Er,N layer was characterized for all samples. Diodes with high nitrogen content exhibit reduced breakdown voltage and higher interface concentration characteristics. Under reversed bias conditions with an injection current of 50 mA, a light spectrum with two distinct green emissions around wavelengths 532 and 553 nm was observed. A small spectrum variation was characterized for diodes prepared from different nitrogen content. The diode luminescence characteristics were examined and the diode prepared from N/Zn=1 in the precursor showed an optimal injection current-to-luminescence property. The current and luminescence properties of the diode were characterized and discussed.
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- 2020
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16. Myeloid-derived macrophages and secreted HSP90α induce pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma development
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Chia-Chi Chen, Li-Li Chen, Chung-Pin Li, Yu-Ting Hsu, Shih-Sheng Jiang, Chi-Shuan Fan, Kee Voon Chua, Sheng-Xiang Huang, Yi-Ming Shyr, Li-Tzong Chen, and Tze-Sing Huang
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ehsp90α ,k-ras transgenic mice ,macrophage ,pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ,tissue microenvironment ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
We detected a significant elevation of serum HSP90α levels in pancreatitis patients and even more in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) patients. However, there was no significant difference in the serum HSP90α levels between patients with early-stage and late-stage PDAC. To study whether elevation of serum HSP90α levels occurred early during PDAC development, we used LSL-KrasG12D/Pdx1-Cre transgenic mice as a studying model. Elevated serum HSP90α levels were detected before PDAC formation and an extracellular HSP90α (eHSP90α) inhibitor effectively prevented PDAC development. Both serum HSP90α level and pancreatic lesion were suppressed when the mice were administered a CD11b-antagonizing antibody, suggesting that CD11b+-myeloid cells were associated with eHSP90α levels and pancreatic carcinogenesis. Consistently, in CD11b-DTR-EGFP transgenic mouse model with CD11b+-myeloid cells depletion, serum HSP90α levels were suppressed and Panc-02 cell grafts failed to develop tumors. Macrophages and granulocytes are two common tissue-infiltrating CD11b+-myeloid cells. Duplex in situ hybridization assays suggested that macrophages were predominant HSP90α-expressing CD11b+-myeloid cells during PDAC development. Immunohistochemical and immunohistofluorescent staining results revealed that HSP90α-expressing cells included not only macrophages but also pancreatic ductal epithelial (PDE) cells. Cell culture studies also indicated that eHSP90α could be produced by macrophages and macrophage-stimulated PDE cells. Macrophages not only secreted significant amount of HSP90α, but also secreted interleukin-6 and interleukin-8 to induce a JAK2−STAT3 signaling axis in PDE cells, stimulating them to express and secrete HSP90α. eHSP90α further promoted cellular epithelial-mesenchymal transition, migration, and invasion in PDE cells. Besides myeloid cells, eHSP90α can be potentially taken as a target to suppress PDAC pathogenesis.
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- 2018
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17. Investigation of the proton relay system operative in human cystosolic aminopeptidase P.
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Hui-Chuan Chang, Camy C-H Kung, Tzu-Ting Chang, Shu-Chuan Jao, Yu-Ting Hsu, and Wen-Shan Li
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Aminopeptidase P, a metalloprotease, targets Xaa-Proline peptides for cleavage [1-4]. There are two forms of human AMPP, a membrane-bound form (hmAMPP) and a soluble cytosolic form (hcAMPP)[5]. Similar to the angiotensin-I-converting enzyme, AMPP plays an important role in the catabolism of inflammatory and vasoactive peptides, known as kinins. The plasma kinin, bradykinin, was used as the substrate to conduct enzymatic activity analyses and to determine the Michaelis constant (Km) of 174 μM and the catalytic rate constant (kcat) of 10.8 s-1 for hcAMPP. Significant differences were observed in the activities of Y527F and R535A hcAMPP mutants, which displayed a 6-fold and 13.5-fold for decrease in turnover rate, respectively. Guanidine hydrochloride restored the activity of R535A hcAMPP, increasing the kcat/Km 20-fold, yet it had no impact on the activities of the wild-type or Y527F mutant hcAMPPs. Activity restoration by guanidine derivatives followed the order guanidine hydrochloride >> methyl-guanidine > amino-guanidine > N-ethyl-guanidine. Overall, the results indicate the participation of R535 in the hydrogen bond network that forms a proton relay system. The quaternary structure of hcAMPP was determined by using analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC). The results show that alanine replacement of Arg535 destabilizes the hcAMPP dimer and that guanidine hydrochloride restores the native monomer-dimer equilibrium. It is proposed that Arg535 plays an important role in hcAMMP catalysis and in stabilization of the catalytically active dimeric state.
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- 2018
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18. Nanoparticulated Honokiol Mitigates Cisplatin-Induced Chronic Kidney Injury by Maintaining Mitochondria Antioxidant Capacity and Reducing Caspase 3-Associated Cellular Apoptosis
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Hung-Ting Liu, Tse-En Wang, Yu-Ting Hsu, Chi-Chung Chou, Kai-Hung Huang, Cheng-Chih Hsu, Hong-Jen Liang, Hui-Wen Chang, Tzong-Huei Lee, and Pei-Shiue Tsai
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honokiol ,cisplatin ,kidney injury ,oxidative stress ,apoptosis ,nanotechnology ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
Cisplatin is a potent anti-cancer drug, however, its accompanied organ-toxicity hampers its clinical applications. Cisplatin-associated kidney injury is known to result from its accumulation in the renal tubule with excessive generation of reactive oxygen species. In this study, we encapsulated honokiol, a natural lipophilic polyphenol constituent extracted from Magnolia officinalis into nano-sized liposomes (nanosome honokiol) and examined the in vivo countering effects on cisplatin-induced renal injury. We observed that 5 mg/kg body weight. nanosome honokiol was the lowest effective dosage to efficiently restore renal functions of cisplatin-treated animals. The improvement is likely due the maintenance of cellular localization of cytochrome c and thus preserves mitochondria integrity and their redox activity, which as a consequence, reduced cellular oxidative stress and caspase 3-associated apoptosis. These improvements at the cellular level are later reflected on the observed reduction of kidney inflammation and fibrosis. In agreement with our earlier in vitro study showing protective effects of honokiol on kidney cell lines, we demonstrated further in the current study, that nanosuspension-formulated honokiol provides protective effects against cisplatin-induced chronic kidney damages in vivo. Our findings not only benefit cisplatin-receiving patients with reduced renal side effects, but also provide potential alternative and synergic solutions to improve clinical safety and efficacy of cisplatin treatment on cancer patients.
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- 2019
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19. Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma on the mouth floor presenting with Sjögren's syndrome and giant cell tumor of spinal tendon
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Yu-Ting Hsu and Po-Han Chiu
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Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Published
- 2014
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20. Thickness Study of Er-Doped Magnesium Zinc Oxide Diode by Spray Pyrolysis
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Yu-Ting Hsu, Che-Chi Lee, Wen-How Lan, Kai-Feng Huang, Kuo-Jen Chang, Jia-Ching Lin, Shao-Yi Lee, Wen-Jen Lin, Mu-Chun Wang, and Chien-Jung Huang
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thickness ,magnesium zinc oxide ,erbium ,diode ,Crystallography ,QD901-999 - Abstract
Erbium-doped magnesium zinc oxides were prepared through spray pyrolysis deposition at 450 °C with an aqueous solution containing magnesium nitrate, zinc acetate, erbium acetate, and indium nitrate precursors. Diodes with different erbium-doped magnesium zinc oxide thicknesses were fabricated. The effect of erbium-doped magnesium zinc oxide was investigated. The crystalline structure and surface morphology were analyzed using X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The films exhibited a zinc oxide structure, with (002), (101), and (102) planes and tiny rods in a mixed hexagonal flakes surface morphology. With the photoluminescence analyses, defect states were identified. The diodes were fabricated via a metallization process in which the top contact was Au and the bottom contact was In. The current⁻voltage characteristics of these diodes were characterized. The structure resistance increased with the increase in erbium-doped magnesium zinc oxide thickness. With a reverse bias in excess of 8 V, the light spectrum, with two distinct green light emissions at wavelengths of 532 nm and 553 nm, was observed. The light intensity that resulted when using a different operation current of the diodes was investigated. The diode with an erbium-doped magnesium zinc oxide thickness of 230 nm shows high light intensity with an operational current of 80 mA. The emission spectrum with different injection currents for the diodes was characterized and the mechanism is discussed.
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- 2018
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21. Dual phosphorescent emissions from conformers of iridium complex rotors.
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Yu-Ting Hsu, Bhagani, Chandni, Aguilar, Juan A., Fox, Mark A., Yufit, Dmitry, Davidson, Ross J., and Beeby, Andrew
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- *
LIGANDS (Chemistry) , *IRIDIUM , *ROTORS , *METALS , *PHOSPHORESCENCE , *TEMPERATURE - Abstract
The chiral iridium rotors Ir(ppy)2(pyX)Cl (X = C≡C-SiR3, R = alkyl) remarkably contain two distinct rotational conformers in the ground (S0) and excited (T1) states that can be detected by NMR and emission measurements respectively at variable temperatures. The observed phosphorescent emissions, vibronic (involving L = ppy) and broad (L = pyX), arise from different triplet ligand to metal charge transfers from the two rotational conformers at distinct ³MLCT excited states. Both conformers exist in these Ir(ppy)2(pyX)Cl rotors due to the electron-withdrawing, conjugated substituent X. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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22. Study about Law Multi-Issue Automatic Negotiation Method Based on Artificial Intelligence and Multiagent Evolutionary Algorithm.
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Yu-Ting Hsu and Cheng-Yong Liu
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- 2021
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23. Multi-Modal Human-Aware Image Caption System for Intelligent Service Robotics Applications.
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Ren C. Luo, Yu-Ting Hsu, and Huan-Jun Ye
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- 2019
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24. CNN Based Reliable Classification of Household Chores Objects for Service Robotics Applications.
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Ren C. Luo, Hsien-Chang Lin, and Yu-Ting Hsu
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- 2019
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25. Visual Image Caption Generation for Service Robotics and Industrial Applications.
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Ren C. Luo, Yu-Ting Hsu, Yu-Cheng Wen, and Huan-Jun Ye
- Published
- 2019
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26. Optimizing the selection and scheduling of multi-class projects using a Stackelberg framework.
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Mohammad Miralinaghi, Sania Esmaeilzadeh Seilabi, Sikai Chen, Yu-Ting Hsu, and Samuel Labi
- Published
- 2020
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27. Vehicular Ad-Hoc Network with a Multi-Hop Transmission Protocol.
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Tang-Hsien Chang, Yu-Ting Hsu, and Kuan-Te Wu
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- 2018
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28. Stability of single-cell dimension reduction after data shuffling.
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Yu Ting Hsu and Jia-Ming Chang
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- 2021
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29. Detecting and Preventing DDoS Attacks in SDN-Based Data Center Networks.
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Po-Ching Lin, Yu-Ting Hsu, and Ren-Hung Hwang
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- 2017
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30. Tuning Emission Lifetimes of Ir(C^N)2(acac) Complexes with Oligo(phenyleneethynylene) Groups
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Ross Davidson, Yu-Ting Hsu, Mark A. Fox, Juan A. Aguilar, Dmitry Yufit, and Andrew Beeby
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Inorganic Chemistry ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry - Abstract
Emissive compounds with long emission lifetimes (μs to ms) in the visible region are of interest for a range of applications, from oxygen sensing to cellular imaging. The emission behavior of Ir(ppy)2(acac) complexes (where ppy is the 2-phenylpyridyl chelate and acac is the acetylacetonate chelate) with an oligo(para-phenyleneethynylene) (OPE3) motif containing three para-rings and two ethynyl bridges attached to acac or ppy is examined here due to the accessibility of the long-lived OPE3 triplet states. Nine Ir(ppy)2(acac) complexes with OPE3 units are synthesized where the OPE3 motif is at the acac moiety (aOPE3), incorporated in the ppy chelate (pOPE3) or attached to ppy via a durylene link (dOPE3). The aOPE3 and dOPE3 complexes contain OPE3 units that are decoupled from the Ir(ppy)2(acac) core by adopting perpendicular ring–ring orientations, whereas the pOPE3 complexes have OPE3 integrated into the ppy ligand to maximize electronic coupling with the Ir(ppy)2(acac) core. While the conjugated pOPE3 complexes show emission lifetimes of 0.69–32.8 μs similar to the lifetimes of 1.00–23.1 μs for the non-OPE3 Ir(ppy)2(acac) complexes synthesized here, the decoupled aOPE3 and dOPE3 complexes reveal long emission lifetimes of 50–625 μs. The long lifetimes found in aOPE3 and dOPE3 complexes are due to intramolecular reversible electronic energy transfer (REET) where the long-lived triplet-state metal to ligand charge transfer (3MLCT) states exchange via REET with the even longer-lived triplet-state localized OPE3 states. The proposed REET process is supported by changes observed in excitation wavelength-dependent and time-dependent emission spectra from aOPE3 and dOPE3 complexes, whereas emission spectra from pOPE3 complexes remain independent of the excitation wavelength and time due to the well-established 3MLCT states of many Ir(ppy)2(acac) complexes. The long lifetimes, visible emission maxima (524–526 nm), and photoluminescent quantum yields of 0.44–0.60 for the dOPE3 complexes indicate the possibility of utilizing such compounds in oxygen-sensing and cellular imaging applications.
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- 2023
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31. Research on Features of Pedestrians Using Smartphones at Transit Stations Based on Social Force Model
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Chung-Wei Shen, Mei-Neng Mao, Yu-Ting Hsu, and Mohammad Miralinaghi
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Mechanical Engineering ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
The smartphone has become nearly indispensable in people’s daily lives. Prevalent smartphone usage can be observed on various occasions, even during walking. However, pedestrians’ perception of their surroundings may decline because they are absorbed by using the smartphone. The behavior of pedestrians using smartphones while walking at transit stations can be viewed as disturbance to pedestrian flows, thereby reducing the efficiency of station operation or even creating safety problems. This study seeks to describe such behavioral features mathematically and provide relevant implications for transit station design. Based on the social force model, the parameters reflecting the effect of smartphone usage on the perceived driving and repulsive forces are added and calibrated. By extracting trajectory data from the videos filmed in the field, the genetic algorithm is employed for the calibration process to minimize the gaps between the actual and projected trajectories. Two sets of parameter settings, for pedestrians with and without using smartphones, are determined and further applied to microscopic pedestrian simulation for a transfer station of the metro system in Taipei, Taiwan. The results indicate that pedestrians using smartphones are more prone to being affected by other pedestrians, revealing that their velocities are relatively unstable, while they need longer relaxation time to attain their desired walking statuses. The simulation results also visualize the potential bottlenecks in the station, where smartphone users may become obstacles to other pedestrians and increase the congestion level, highlighting the importance of incorporating the behavior modeling of pedestrians using smartphones into transit station design.
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- 2022
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32. Divergent Approach for Tris-Heteroleptic Cyclometalated Iridium Complexes Using Triisopropylsilylethynyl-Substituted Synthons
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Robert M. Edkins, Yu-Ting Hsu, Mark A. Fox, Dmitry Yufit, Andrew Beeby, and Ross J. Davidson
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Inorganic Chemistry ,Organic Chemistry ,QD ,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry - Abstract
Bis-heteroleptic cyclometalated iridium complexes of the form Ir(La)2(acac), where La is a substituted 2-phenylpyridine derivative and acac is an acetylacetonato ligand, are a useful class of luminescent organometallic complexes for a range of applications. Related tris-heteroleptic complexes of the form Ir(La)(Lb)(acac) offer the potential advantage of greater functionality through the use of two different cyclometalated ligands but are, in general, more difficult to obtain. We report the synthesis of divergent bis- and tris-heteroleptic triisopropylsilylethynyl-substituted intermediate complexes that can be diversified using a "chemistry-on-the-complex" approach. We demonstrate the methodology through one-pot deprotection and Sonogashira cross-coupling of the intermediate complexes with para-R-aryliodides (R = H, SMe, and CN). The photophysical and electrochemical behaviors of the resultant bis- and tris-heteroleptic complexes are compared, and it is shown that the tris-heteroleptic complexes exhibit subtly different emission and redox properties to the bis-heteroleptic complexes, such as further red-shifted emission maxima and lower extinction coefficients, which can be attributed to the reduced symmetry. It is demonstrated, supported by DFT and time-dependent DFT calculations, that the charge-transfer character of the emission can be altered via variation of the terminal substituent; the introduction of an electron-withdrawing cyano group in the terminal position leads to a significant red shift, while the introduction of an SMe group can substantially increase the emission quantum yield. Most notably, this convenient synthetic approach reduces the need to perform the often challenging isolation of tris-heteroleptic complexes to a single divergent intermediate, which will simplify access to families of complexes of the form Ir(La)(Lb)(acac).
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- 2022
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33. Analysis of waiting time perception of bus passengers provided with mobile service
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Yu-Ting Hsu, Po-Chieh Wang, and Chia-Wei Hsu
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050210 logistics & transportation ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,Perspective (graphical) ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Aerospace Engineering ,Transportation ,02 engineering and technology ,Boredom ,Management Science and Operations Research ,Transport engineering ,Perception ,0502 economics and business ,Psychological level ,medicine ,Business, Management and Accounting (miscellaneous) ,Survey data collection ,Train ,021108 energy ,Real-time data ,medicine.symptom ,Mobile service ,Civil and Structural Engineering ,media_common - Abstract
Smartphones and relevant mobile service have greatly influenced people’s daily lives, and intense smartphone users can be commonly seen at transit stops/stations, playing with their smartphones while waiting for buses/trains. This research presents a holistic perspective for analyzing the effects of smartphone usage on transit passengers, which also considers the effects at a psychological level. Such effects may be manifested as the reduction of perceived waiting time at stops/stations against the negative emotionality induced by long waiting, such as boredom and tediousness, so as to result in improved travel experience. An on-site survey is designed and implemented over the bus system in Taipei, Taiwan, to collect the revealed responses of bus passengers in regard to waiting time perception and smartphone usage, particularly for travel-irrelevant mobile service. The survey data are modeled and analyzed in both numerical and verbal representation of perceived waiting time by using a multiple linear regression model and a cumulative proportional odds logistic model, respectively. A finite mixture model is further employed to investigate the potential heterogeneity of waiting time perception related to using smartphones for travel-irrelevant mobile service. The analysis results highlight that travel-irrelevant smartphone usage may lead to the reduction of perceived waiting, and the effect can be more significant for young passengers and those without receiving bus arrival information, especially when waiting time is prolonged. Such findings can contribute to the comprehensive consideration of passenger behavior in transit system planning and associated information/service provision strategies.
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- 2021
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34. Mandibular advancement devices shorten desaturation duration in patients at high risk for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome during intravenous propofol sedation in the decubitus position
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Chien-Kun Ting, Wei Nung Teng, Chi Chang, Yu-Ting Hsu, and Mei-Yung Tsou
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Adult ,Male ,animal structures ,Supine position ,Respiratory rate ,medicine.drug_class ,Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ,Sedation ,Taiwan ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Recumbent Position ,medicine ,Humans ,Anesthesia ,Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee ,Propofol ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ,business.industry ,Occlusal Splints ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Airway obstruction ,medicine.disease ,Obstructive sleep apnea ,Oxygen Saturation ,030220 oncology & carcinogenesis ,Sedative ,Breathing ,Female ,Patient Safety ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Anesthetics, Intravenous - Abstract
Background The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of a mandibular advancement device (MAD) for increasing patient safety during sedated total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip replacement (THR). Methods Forty patients undergoing TKA or THR surgery in the supine or lateral recumbent positions under spinal anesthesia were enrolled. Sedation and oxygenation were administered. The MAD (Sweet Sleep Anti-Snoring Device®) was then placed after 15 min of observation. SpO2, PetCO2, blood pressure, and respiratory rate were recorded. Results Sedated patients in the decubitus position had higher saturation nadirs, shorter desaturation durations, shorter airway obstruction durations, and fewer rescue events than those in the supine position. In patients at a high risk of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), desaturation duration, obstruction duration, apnea duration, desaturation duration, and rescue events were significantly lower after MAD placement. However, the saturation nadir did not improve after MAD placement. Conclusion The MAD may shorten the duration of desaturation events during spontaneous breathing sedative procedures in the lateral recumbent position but not in the supine position. Breathing patterns did not change from nasal breathing to oral breathing or vice versa between pre- and post-placement of the MAD. Sedation score evaluation affects breathing pattern changes from oral breathing to nasal breathing and vice versa.
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- 2021
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35. Divergent Approach for
- Author
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Robert M, Edkins, Yu-Ting, Hsu, Mark A, Fox, Dmitry, Yufit, Andrew, Beeby, and Ross J, Davidson
- Published
- 2022
36. Rough-Set Based Association Rules toward Performance of High-Friction Road Markings
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Yu-Min Su, Jieh-Haur Chen, Jiun-Yao Cheng, Yu-Ting Hsu, and Ming-Cheng Huang
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Transportation ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Published
- 2022
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37. Author response: Typhoid toxin sorting and exocytic transport from Salmonella Typhi-infected cells
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Shu-Jung Chang, Yu-Ting Hsu, Yun Chen, Yen-Yi Lin, Maria Lara-Tejero, and Jorge E Galan
- Published
- 2022
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38. Optimizing the selection and scheduling of multi-class projects using a Stackelberg framework
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Samuel Labi, Sania E. Seilabi, Yu-Ting Hsu, Mohammad Miralinaghi, and Sikai Chen
- Subjects
050210 logistics & transportation ,Schedule ,021103 operations research ,Information Systems and Management ,General Computer Science ,Operations research ,Computer science ,media_common.quotation_subject ,05 social sciences ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Time horizon ,02 engineering and technology ,Schedule (project management) ,Management Science and Operations Research ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering ,Scheduling (computing) ,Interdependence ,Traffic congestion ,Modeling and Simulation ,0502 economics and business ,Stackelberg competition ,Budget constraint ,media_common - Abstract
One of the major causes of non-recurrent traffic congestion in urban areas is the implementation of transport infrastructure projects on city roads. The seeming ubiquity of work zones in cities causes road user frustration and safety hazards, and public relations problems for the transport agency. For this reason, transport agencies seek strategic ways to not only select urban projects but also schedule them in a manner that minimizes the effort associated with these functions. In other words, they seek to exploit the synergies between the tasks of project selection and project scheduling while duly accommodating the project interdependencies. This study introduces a general framework that simultaneously and optimally selects and schedules urban road projects subject to budgetary constraints over a given planning horizon. The project classes considered in this study are lane addition, new road construction, and road maintenance. Through a mimicry of the classic Stackelberg leader-follower game, this problem is formulated herein as a bi-level program. In the upper level, the leader (transport agency decision-makers) determines an optimal set of projects from a larger pool of candidate projects and decides an optimal schedule for their implementation. In the lower level, the followers (road users) seek to minimize their travel delays based on the two decisions made by the leader in the upper level. The numerical experiments show that if the decision-makers do not consider the peri-implementation capacity reduction, the resulting set of selected projects and their construction schedule can lead to significant travel delay cost for the road users.
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- 2020
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39. Exploring the effects of passive transit signal priority design on bus rapid transit operation: a microsimulation-based optimization approach
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Ying-Chuan Ni, Yu-Ting Hsu, Hsien-Hao Lo, and Hung-Jen Huang
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Capacity assessment ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Public transport ,Genetic algorithm ,Real-time computing ,SIGNAL (programming language) ,Microsimulation ,Transportation ,business ,Transit (satellite) ,Bus rapid transit - Abstract
The Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) system can be a cost-effective alternative to foster public transportation. However, the delay in signalized intersections is critical to the stable progression of BRT o...
- Published
- 2020
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40. Exploring Intercity Trip Patterns of Railway Systems on National Holidays Using Deep Auto-Encoder
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Wen-Yu Lee, Chian-Shan Suen, Ying-Chuan Ni, Ming-Hsuan Wu, and Yu-Ting Hsu
- Subjects
Transport engineering ,050210 logistics & transportation ,Railway system ,Computer science ,Mechanical Engineering ,0502 economics and business ,05 social sciences ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,020201 artificial intelligence & image processing ,02 engineering and technology ,Autoencoder ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
Intercity railway system operation on national holidays can be challenging because of possible surging demand. This study proposes an analysis framework to investigate railway system ridership data on national holidays, seeking to attain better understanding of relevant intercity trip patterns, so as to enable enhanced preparation and response before and during national holidays. The ridership data are analyzed in the form of Origin–Destination (O-D) tables and regarded as pictures of N × N pixels, where N is the number of the considered stations/cities in a railway system. The framework primarily adopts a deep auto-encoder to process these pictures to reduce data dimensions and abstracting key features within these pictorial data. Based on the abstracted features, k-means clustering is then conducted to categorize the O-D tables with similar trip patterns into the same group. Further, a discrete outcome model based on logistic regression is developed on the clustering results to enhance the interpretation of the trip pattern in each group and identify the significant holiday-related characteristics and external factors that can affect the trip pattern generation. The ridership data of Taiwan Railways Administration associated with 38 national holidays from January 2014 to August 2018 are analyzed. The analysis results highlight insightful interpretation in relation to clustered trip patterns and relevant trip characterization relative to various national holidays. The proposed framework and developed discrete outcome model are also validated, showing 85% correct assignments of O-D tables to the groups of relevant trip patterns.
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- 2020
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41. Low-Intensity Electrical Stimulation to Improve the Neurological Aspect of Weakness in Individuals with Chronic Anterior Cruciate Ligament Lesion
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Miao-Ju Hsu, Yi-Ming Huang, Li-Ling Chuang, Wen-Tzu Tang, Yu-Ting Hsu, and Ya-Ju Chang
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Adult ,Male ,030506 rehabilitation ,Weakness ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Article Subject ,Anterior cruciate ligament ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Stimulation ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,Quadriceps Muscle ,Lesion ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Physical medicine and rehabilitation ,medicine ,Humans ,Anterior Cruciate Ligament ,030222 orthopedics ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,business.industry ,Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries ,Motor Cortex ,General Medicine ,Evoked Potentials, Motor ,musculoskeletal system ,Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ,Electric Stimulation ,Intensity (physics) ,Transcranial magnetic stimulation ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Intracortical facilitation ,Facilitation ,Medicine ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,0305 other medical science ,business ,human activities ,Research Article - Abstract
Purpose. This study is aimed at investigating the effect of low-intensity electrical stimulation on the voluntary activation level (VA) and the cortical facilitation/inhibition of quadriceps in people with chronic anterior cruciate ligament lesion. Methods. Twenty former athletes with unilateral ACL deficiencies (ACL group) and 20 healthy subjects (healthy control group) participated in the study. The quadriceps VA level, motor-evoked potential (MEP), short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), and intracortical facilitation (ICF) elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation were tested before and after 30 minutes of low-intensity electrical stimulation (ES). Results. Before ES, the quadriceps VA in the ACL lesion legs of the ACL group was lower compared to the legs of the healthy control group (P<0.05). The MEP sizes in the ACL lesion legs and the healthy control were not significantly different. The ACL lesion legs showed lower SICI and higher ICF compared to the healthy control group (P<0.05). After ES, the quadriceps VA level increased and the SICI-ICF was modulated only in the ACL lesion legs (P<0.05) but not in the healthy controls. Conclusions. Low-intensity ES can normalize the modulation of intracortical inhibition and facilitation, thereby ameliorating the activation failure in individuals with ACL lesion.
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- 2020
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42. Administrative and Claims Data Help Predict Patient Mortality in Intensive Care Units by Logistic Regression: A Nationwide Database Study
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Yi Ting He, Yu Ting Hsu, Chien-Kun Ting, Mei Yung Tsou, Gau Jun Tang, and Christy Pu
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Article Subject ,Databases, Factual ,Patients ,Critical Illness ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Taiwan ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Logistic regression ,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,Sex Factors ,0302 clinical medicine ,law ,Intensive care ,medicine ,Humans ,Hospital Mortality ,030212 general & internal medicine ,APACHE ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Aged, 80 and over ,Mechanical ventilation ,General Immunology and Microbiology ,Receiver operating characteristic ,APACHE II ,business.industry ,Medical record ,Age Factors ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Respiration, Artificial ,Intensive care unit ,Intensive Care Units ,Logistic Models ,ROC Curve ,Emergency medicine ,Predictive power ,Medicine ,Female ,business ,Research Article - Abstract
Background. Increasing attention has been paid to the predictive power of different prognostic scoring systems for decades. In this study, we compared the abilities of three commonly used scoring systems to predict short-term and long-term mortalities, with the intention of building a better prediction model for critically ill patients. We used the data from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) in Taiwan, which included information on patient age, comorbidities, and presence of organ failure to build a new prediction model for short-term and long-term mortalities.Methods. We retrospectively collected the medical records of patients in the intensive care unit of a regional hospital in 2012 and linked them to the claims data from the NHIRD. The Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score, Elixhauser Comorbidity Index (ECI), and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) were compared for their predictive abilities. Multiple logistic regression tests were performed, and the results were presented as receiver operating characteristic curves and C-statistic.Results. The APACHE II score has the best predictive power for inhospital mortality (0.79;C−statistic=0.77−0.83) and 1-year mortality (0.77;C−statistic=0.74−0.79). The ECI and CCI alone have poorer predictive power and need to be combined with other variables to be comparable to the APACHE II score, as predictive tools. Using CCI together with age, sex, and whether or not the patient required mechanical ventilation is estimated to have a C-statistic of 0.773 (95% CI 0.744-0.803) for inhospital mortality, 0.782 (95% CI 0.76-0.81) for 30-day mortality, and 0.78 (95% CI 0.75-0.80) for 1-year mortality.Conclusions. We present a new prognostic model that combines CCI with age, sex, and mechanical ventilation status and can predict mortality, comparable to the APACHE II score.
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- 2020
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43. Modeling Non-Compensatory Strategies on Path Choice Decisions in a Complex Metro Network Considering Characteristics of Transfer Passengers and Trips
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Hsin-Cheng Shih, Yu-Ting Hsu, and Yung-Cheng Rex Lai
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History ,Polymers and Plastics ,Business and International Management ,Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering - Published
- 2022
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44. Autonomic Nervous System Dysregulation in Response To Postural Change in Patients with Pectus Excavatum in Taiwan: A Pilot Study
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Mei-Chen Yang, Chou-Chin Lan, Yeung-Leung Cheng, Yu-Ting Hsu, Yao-Kuang Wu, and Yi-Wei Chang
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Male ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Visual Analog Scale ,business.industry ,Taiwan ,Pilot Projects ,General Medicine ,Autonomic Nervous System ,medicine.disease ,Autonomic nervous system ,Pectus excavatum ,Funnel Chest ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Cardiology ,Humans ,Female ,Surgery ,In patient ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Background Pectus excavatum (PE) negatively impacts psychological function, but its effect on autonomic nervous system (ANS) function has not been investigated. We evaluated ANS function following postural changes in patients with PE. Methods The participants were 14 healthy men (control group) and 20 men with PE (study group). Psychological function was assessed using the visual analog scale for pain, Brief Symptom Rating Scale-5, and Beck Depression Inventory-II. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). ANS regulation in response to postural change was measured in the supine position and immediately after sitting. All measurements were compared between the control and study groups at baseline and between the study groups before and after Nuss surgery. Results At baseline, upon postural change, symptomatic activity increased in the control group (50.3–67.4%, p = 0.035) but not in the study group (55.0–54.9%, p = 0.654); parasympathetic activity decreased in the control group (49.7–32.6%, p = 0.035) but not in the study group (45.1–45.1%, p = 0.654); and overall ANS regulation increased in the control group (1.02–2.08, p = 0.030) but not in the study group (1.22–1.22, p = 0.322). In response to postural change after Nuss surgery in the study group, sympathetic activity increased (48.7–70.2%, p = 0.005), parasympathetic activity decreased (51.3–29.8%, p = 0.005), and overall ANS regulation increased (0.95–2.36, p = 0.012). Conclusion ANS function in response to postural change is dysregulated in patients with PE, which improved after Nuss surgery. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, ID: NCT03346876, November 15, 2017, retrospectively registered, https://register.clinicaltrials.gov/prs/app/action/SelectProtocol?sid=S0007KGI&selectaction=Edit&uid=U0003JZU&ts=2&cx=cstxeg
- Published
- 2021
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45. Assessment of the binding interactions of SARS-CoV-2 spike glycoprotein variants
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Arpitha Banaji, Pamela Hamill, Deepa Raghu, Yu-Ting Hsu, and Amy McLaren
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Monoclonal antibody ,medicine.drug_class ,Mutant ,Pharmaceutical Science ,ACE2 ,Pharmacy ,medicine.disease_cause ,Virus ,Article ,Analytical Chemistry ,RBD ,Surface plasmon resonance ,Drug Discovery ,Electrochemistry ,medicine ,Receptor ,Spectroscopy ,Coronavirus ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,biology ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Molecular biology ,Enzyme ,chemistry ,biology.protein ,Antibody ,Glycoprotein - Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus 2 is a major global health issue and is driving the need for new therapeutics. The surface spike protein, which plays a central role in virus infection, is currently the target for vaccines and neutralizing treatments. The emergence of novel variants with multiple mutations in the spike protein may reduce the effectiveness of neutralizing antibodies by altering the binding activity of the protein with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). To understand the impact of spike protein mutations on the binding interactions required for virus infection and the effectiveness of neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb) therapies, the binding activities of the original spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD) sequence and the reported spike protein variants were investigated using surface plasmon resonance (SPR). In addition, the interactions of the ACE2 receptor, an anti-spike monoclonal antibody (mAb1), a neutralizing monoclonal antibody (mAb2), the original spike RBD sequence, and mutants D614G, N501Y, N439K, Y453F, and E484K were assessed. Compared to the original RBD, the Y453F and N501Y mutants displayed a significant increase in ACE2 binding affinity, whereas D614G had a substantial reduction in binding affinity. All mAb-RBD mutant proteins displayed a reduction in binding affinities relative to the original RBD, except for the E484K-mAb1 interaction. The potential neutralizing capability of mAb1 and mAb2 was investigated. Accordingly, mAb1 failed to inhibit the ACE2-RBD interaction and mAb2 inhibited the ACE2-RBD interactions for all RBD mutants, except mutant E484K, which only displayed partial blocking., Graphical abstract Image 1
- Published
- 2021
46. MgxAl-LDHs layered double hydroxides catalysts for boosting catalytic synthesis of biodiesel and conversion of by-product into valuable glycerol carbonate
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Yu-Ting Hsu, Jeffrey C.S. Wu, and Van-Huy Nguyen
- Subjects
inorganic chemicals ,Biodiesel ,General Chemical Engineering ,Layered double hydroxides ,02 engineering and technology ,General Chemistry ,Transesterification ,engineering.material ,010402 general chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Catalysis ,Reaction rate ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Adsorption ,chemistry ,Chemical engineering ,Glycerol ,engineering ,Carbonate ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
A series of layered double hydroxides (MgxAl-LDHs) catalysts is successfully prepared and effectively transesterificated triglycerides to produce biodiesel and glycerol carbonate, respectively. MgxAl-LDHs catalysts are synthesized by changing the Mg/Al ratio of the LDH hosts and fully characterized by several techniques, including XRD, N2 adsorption, SEM. The effects of ratios of Mg/Al catalyst, reaction temperature, catalyst dosage are thoroughly investigated to determine the optimal reaction conditions. A yield of biodiesel and glycerol carbonate could reach up to 87.5% and 93.4%, respectively, over Mg5Al-LDHs catalyst under batch condition. The transesterification glycerol for glycerol carbonate is successfully carried out in a stirring packed-bed reactor with MgxAl-LDHs coating on the spherical α-Al2O3 catalysts. Additionally, extra-particle mass transfer and intra-particle diffusion do not control the reaction rate. The yield of glycerol carbonate could reach up to 80.2% over Mg5Al-LDHs/α-Al2O3 catalyst.
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Models and a solution algorithm for planning transfer synchronization of bus timetables
- Author
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Kanticha Korsesthakarn, Yu-Ting Hsu, Hua-Yen Wu, and James C. Chu
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050210 logistics & transportation ,Mathematical optimization ,021103 operations research ,Linear programming ,Computer science ,InformationSystems_INFORMATIONSYSTEMSAPPLICATIONS ,05 social sciences ,0211 other engineering and technologies ,Novelty ,ComputerApplications_COMPUTERSINOTHERSYSTEMS ,Transportation ,02 engineering and technology ,ComputingMethodologies_ARTIFICIALINTELLIGENCE ,TheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITY ,Transfer (computing) ,0502 economics and business ,Synchronization (computer science) ,Business and International Management ,Integer programming ,MathematicsofComputing_DISCRETEMATHEMATICS ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
Mixed-integer linear programming models and a heuristic algorithm are proposed for the transfer synchronization planning of bus timetables. The most important novelty of the proposed methodology is that the bus timetables and passenger choices of travel paths are simultaneously optimized in the model. The possibilities of transfer synchronization are fully explored in the timetable optimization because passengers select their paths to the destination in response to the timetables. Hence, bus timetables can be planned with high precision, and bus timetabling can be improved.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Exploring trip characteristics of bike-sharing system uses: Effects of land-use patterns and pricing scheme change
- Author
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Yu-Ting Hsu, Po Chieh Wang, Yi Hsuan Wu, and Lei Kang
- Subjects
050210 logistics & transportation ,Computer science ,business.industry ,05 social sciences ,lcsh:TA1001-1280 ,Transportation ,Subsidy ,Regression analysis ,Context (language use) ,010501 environmental sciences ,Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law ,Environmental economics ,01 natural sciences ,Popularity ,Renting ,Public transport ,0502 economics and business ,Automotive Engineering ,TRIPS architecture ,lcsh:Transportation engineering ,business ,Database transaction ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,Civil and Structural Engineering - Abstract
Facing the rapidly growing popularity of bike-sharing systems worldwide, this study explores the trip characteristics of using public bikes at the level of zonal Origin-Destination (O-D) pairs, particularly with respect to the effect of pricing scheme change. Based on the transaction records of Youbike, a bike-sharing system in Taipei, Taiwan, which contain data before and after an increase of the rental fee (as the cancellation of a free-usage period for the first 30-minute), the associated demand-side responses are studied in the context of multivariate analysis. Two regression models are developed thereupon to investigate the effect of the change on the O-D demand associated various land-use patterns. A multiple linear regression model is developed for direct before-after analysis on the variation of zonal O-D demand. A finite mixture model is further constructed, which identifies three usage groups with different levels of sensitivity toward the price change. Both models suggest that the pricing scheme change have greater impact on short-distance trips and O-D pairs where alternative transit services are provided; these affected trips can be generally related to frequent users. Such research findings enable better understanding of the usage pattern of bike-sharing systems, which can benefit the associated planning and operation. They also imply the trade-off between the perspective of encouraging greener mobility and other managerial principles regarding public transportation and government subsidy. Keywords: Bike sharing system, Pricing scheme, Land use pattern, User-pays principle, Before-after analysis
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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49. Improved Dynamics of Thoracic Cage and Exercise Capacity after Nuss Repair for Pectus Excavatum
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Yu-Ting Hsu, I-Shiang Tzeng, Yeung-Leung Cheng, Yi-Wei Chang, Shu-Wei Yeh, and Mei-Chen Yang
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Adult ,Male ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Adolescent ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Nuss procedure ,Young Adult ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pectus excavatum ,medicine ,Humans ,Orthopedic Procedures ,Prospective Studies ,Expiration ,Prospective cohort study ,Rib cage ,Exercise Tolerance ,business.industry ,Rib Cage ,Recovery of Function ,Exercise capacity ,Circumference ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Treatment Outcome ,Inhalation ,030228 respiratory system ,Walk test ,Funnel Chest ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Background Pectus excavatum (PE) reduces the dynamics of the thoracic cage, with a negative impact on exercise capacity. We aimed to evaluate the effects of Nuss repair for PE on the dynamics of the thoracic cage and exercise capacity in adults. Methods This was a prospective observational study of 46 adults (mean age, 26.2 years) who underwent PE correction using the Nuss procedure between September 2016 and August 2017. Cirtometry was used to obtain measures of thoracic cage circumference at two levels (axillary level [AL] and xyphoid level [XL]), at the end points of inspiration and expiration. Circumference measures were obtained before surgery and at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery. Exercise capacity was also evaluated using the 6-minute walk test (6MWT). The association between the 6MWT data and cirtometry measures was evaluated using Pearson's correlation. Results The circumference at maximum inspiration increased from baseline to 3 months after surgery (p Conclusion Improved dynamics of the thoracic cage were achieved after Nuss repair for PE in adults. This increase in thoracic circumference at maximum inspiration was associated with an improvement in exercise capacity at 3 months after surgery.
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- 2019
- Full Text
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50. Location problems of vertical evacuation structures for dam-failure floods: Considering shelter-in-place and horizontal evacuation
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Min-Ci Sun, Katsuya Sakai, Albert Y. Chen, and Yu-Ting Hsu
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Geology ,Building and Construction ,Geotechnical Engineering and Engineering Geology ,Safety Research - Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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