17 results on '"Yu-Yun Gao"'
Search Results
2. The anti-inflammatory effect of lutein in broilers is mediated by regulating Toll-like receptor 4/myeloid-differentiation-factor 88 signaling pathway
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Zhi-Xin Lin, Min Zhang, Rui Yang, Yao Min, Ping-Ting Guo, Jing Zhang, Chang-Kang Wang, Ling Jin, and Yu-Yun Gao
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lutein ,TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway ,yellow-feathered broilers ,intestinal health ,cytokines ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
ABSTRACT: The anti-inflammatory role of lutein has been widely recognized, however, the underlying mechanism is still not fully elucidated. Hence, the effects of lutein on the intestinal health and growth performance of broilers and the action of mechanism were investigated. 288 male yellow-feathered broilers (1-day old) were randomly allocated to 3 treatment groups with 8 replicates of 12 birds each, and the control group was fed a broken rice-soybean basal diet, while the test groups were fed a basal diet added with 20 mg/kg and 40 mg/kg of lutein (LU20, LU40), respectively. The feeding trial lasted for 21 d. The results showed that 40 mg/kg lutein supplementation tended to increase ADFI (P = 0.10) and ADG (P = 0.08) of broilers. Moreover, the addition of lutein caused a decreasing trend of gene expression and concentration of proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β (P = 0.08, P = 0.10, respectively) and IL-6 (P = 0.06, P = 0.06, respectively) and also tended to decrease the gene expression of TLR4 (P = 0.09) and MyD88 (P = 0.07) while increasing gene expression and concentration of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10 (P < 0.05) in the jejunum mucosa of broilers. Additionally, lutein supplementation increased the jejunal villi height of broilers (P < 0.05) and reduced villi damage. The experiment in vitro showed that lutein treatment reduced the gene expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and IFN-γ in chicken intestinal epithelial cells (P < 0.05). However, this effect was diminished after knock-down of TLR4 or MyD88 genes using RNAi technology. In conclusion, lutein can inhibit the expression and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines in the jejunum mucosa and promote intestinal development of broilers, and the anti-inflammatory effect may be achieved by regulating TLR4/MyD88 signaling pathway.
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- 2023
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3. Effects of bacitracin zinc, potassium diformate and lauric acid on duodenal digestive functions, intestinal morphology and caecal microflora of broilers
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Ying Lin, Shi-Zhong Hu, Yang Sun, Ling Jin, Chang-Kang Wang, and Yu-Yun Gao
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broiler ,enzyme activity ,organic acids ,intestinal health ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
This study investigated the effects of bacitracin zinc, potassium diformate and lauric acid on duodenal digestive functions, intestinal morphology and caecal microflora of broilers. A total of 240 male broilers were randomly allotted to four treatments consisting of five replicates with 12 birds per replicate. The dietary treatments were CON group (basal diet), ANT group (basal diet + 40 mg/kg bacitracin zinc), KDF group (basal diet + 1 000 mg/kg potassium diformate), and LA group (basal diet + 500 mg/kg lauric acid). The results showed that the chymotrypsin activity was significantly enhanced on days 21 and 42 in KDF group compared with CON group (P < 0.05), but there were no effects on the activities of trypsin and amylase (P > 0.05). No differences in digestive enzyme activities were found between ANT and LA groups (P > 0.05). Compared with CON group, the villus length and the villus-to-crypt ratio were significantly increased on days 21 and 42, and the crypt depth was significantly decreased in ANT, KDF and LA groups (P < 0.05). Compared with CON group, the supplementation of LA increased the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium on day 21 and the relative abundance of Bacillus on day 42 in caecum, while the supplementation of KDF increased the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium and decreased the relative abundance of Dorea on day 42 in caecum (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the supplementation of KDF enhanced the chymotrypsin activity. Dietary KDF and LA maintained the intestinal morphology by improving the villus length and the villus-to-crypt ratio and decreasing the crypt depth, and regulated the caecal microflora.
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- 2022
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4. Effects of lutein on jejunal mucosal barrier function and inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide-challenged yellow-feather broilers
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Mei-Yan Wang, Yao Zhang, Yu-Xin Tong, Ping-Ting Guo, Jing Zhang, Chang-Kang Wang, and Yu-Yun Gao
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lutein ,lipopolysaccharide ,mucosal barrier ,inflammatory response ,broiler ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
ABSTRACT: Broilers are frequently exposed to various immunological stresses, which lead to intestinal damage, weakened immunity, and even growth retardation. Lutein, as a kind of carotenoid, possesses antioxidant and immunomodulatory functions. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effects of lutein on jejunal mucosal barrier function and inflammatory responses of yellow-feather broilers challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). A total of two hundred eight-eight 1-day-old yellow-feather broilers were randomly allocated to 3 groups with 8 replicate cages containing 12 birds each. Birds were fed broken-rice-soybean basal diet containing 0, 20 and 40 mg/kg lutein (CON, LU20 and LU40) for 26 d. On days 21, 23, and 25 of the trial, broilers were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (1 mg/kg body weight). The results showed that, compared with CON group, LU40 supplementations significantly increased the average daily gain (ADG) of broilers at 1 to 21 and 22 to 26 d of age (P < 0.05), significantly decreased the ratio of feed to gain (F/G) of broilers at 22 to 26 d of age (P < 0.05). LU20 and LU40 supplementations increased goblet cell density in jejunum of broilers under LPS challenge, and LU20 supplementation elevated the villus area (P < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy of jejunal mucosa revealed significant villi damage, while transmission electron microscopy demonstrated severe enterocyte damage and loss of cellular integrity in CON group. In particular, mitochondria were morphologically altered, appearing irregular or swollen. Apical junctional complexes between adjacent enterocytes were obviously shorter and saccular in CON group. LU20 and LU40 supplementations increased the mRNA expressions of Occludin, Claudin-1, and ZO-1 in the jejunal mucosa of broilers under LPS challenge (P < 0.05), restrained TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway activation in the jejunal mucosa, decreased the mRNA expressions of IL-1β and IL-6, and strengthened the mRNA expressions of IL-4 and IL-10 (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the protein expressions of p38 and JNK in LU40 group were lower than CON group (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that 40 mg/kg lutein supplementation improved LPS-induced jejunal mucosal barrier function and tamed inflammation of yellow-feather broilers.
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- 2022
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5. Encapsulated blends of essential oils and organic acids improved performance, intestinal morphology, cecal microflora, and jejunal enzyme activity of broilers
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Yu-Yun Gao, Xing-Li Zhang, Li-Hui Xu, Hui Peng, Chang-Kang Wang, and Ying-Zuo Bi
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essential oils ,organic acids ,encapsulation ,growth ,microflora ,secretory iga ,broilers ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
This study investigated effects of encapsulated blends of essential oils (EO) and organic acids (OA) on performance, intestinal morphology, cecal microflora, and jejunal mucosal enzyme activity and secretory IgA (s-IgA) level of broilers. Three hundred one-day-old male broilers were divided into 5 treatments with 5 replicates each. Control group received basal diet. Three additional groups received basal diets supplemented with 150, 200, or 250 mg/kg encapsulated blends of EO and OA. Antibiotic group received basal diet supplemented with 30 mg/kg bacitracin zinc. On days 21 and 70 of trial, 2 broilers from each replicate were weighed, and then blood, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and cecum samples were collected. Results showed that broilers fed blends of EO and OA had greater average daily gain (ADG) (linear, P = 0.043) and gain-to-feed ratio (G : F) (linear, P = 0.052) at day 21 compared to broilers fed the control diet. Blends of EO and OA reduced cecal Escherichia coli and Salmonella level of 21- and 70-day-old broilers (linear, P < 0.01). Jejunum villus height-to-crypt depth ratio (VCR) of 21-day-old broilers was elevated by blends of EO and OA (linear, P = 0.041) compared to control. Blends of EO and OA promoted chymotrypsin activity at day 21 (quadratic, P = 0.014), jejunal mucosal s-IgA content at day 70 (linear, P = 0.012), α-amylase activity at day 70 (quadratic, P = 0.043), and chymotrypsin activity at day 70 (quadratic, P = 0.037). Compared to control, antibiotic group increased ADG at day 21 (P = 0.039), decreased cecal Salmonella level at day 21 (P = 0.018), enhanced jejunum VCR at day 21 (P = 0.049), and elevated jejunal mucosal s-IgA content at day 21 (P = 0.016). It can be stated that EO and OA blends enhanced performance, increased jejunal s-IgA level and enzyme activity, improved intestinal morphology, and balanced intestinal microflora of broilers.
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- 2019
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6. Selection of housekeeping genes for quantitative gene expression analysis in yellow-feathered broilers
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Jie Zhang, Yu-Yun Gao, Yi-Qiang Huang, Qian Fan, Xin-Tao Lu, and Chang-Kang Wang
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yellow-feathered broilers ,housekeeping genes ,rt-pcr ,liver ,jejunum ,Animal culture ,SF1-1100 - Abstract
The aim of this study was designed to select housekeeping genes for quantitative gene expression analysis in yellow-feathered broilers. Twelve 3-week-old chickens were randomly selected from 60 yellow-feathered broilers. Then, 12 chickens were killed; the liver and jejunum samples were collected. The gene expression of housekeeping genes (β-actin, ACTB; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, GAPDH; hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase 1, HPRT1; ribosomal protein L13, RPL13; TATA box binding protein, TBP; hydroxymethylbilane synthase, HMBS) were determined using quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Furthermore, the expression stabilities of housekeeping genes were analysed using geNorm, Normfinder and BestKeeper programs. The result showed that RPL13 is the most proper gene in liver, GADPH is the most proper gene in jejunum, and HMBS is the most proper gene in all tissues. In conclusion, this result provides the integrated reported evaluation of housekeeping genes for use in expression studies in yellow-feathered broilers. These findings further emphasise the need to accurately validate candidate housekeeping genes in the study before use in gene expression studies using RT-PCR.
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- 2018
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7. Effects of Dietary Fiber and Grit on Performance, Gastrointestinal Tract Development, Lipometabolism, and Grit Retention of Goslings
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Ling JIN, Yu-yun GAO, Hui YE, Wen-ce WANG, Zhen-ping LIN, Hui-yong YANG, Song-bo HUANG, and Lin YANG
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dietary fiber ,grit ,performance ,gastrointestinal tract ,goslings ,Agriculture (General) ,S1-972 - Abstract
This study investigated effects of dietary fibre and grit on growth performance, gastrointestinal tract (GIT) development, serum indexes and grit retention of Sichuan white goslings in China. The experiment was a 3×2 factorial design consisting of dietary crude fibre (CF) at 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0% levels by adding grass meal and with or without grit supplementation. A total of 7201-d-old male goslings were randomly allocated into 36 pens of 20 goslings/pen (n=6 pens/treatment). At 21 d of age, GIT, blood samples and grit in gizzards were collected. Body weight (BW), empty BW (without GIT), average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were affected by CF levels and the medium (4.0%) had the highest value. Adding grit improved BW, empty BW, ADG and ADFI. CF affected relative weight or length of proventriculus, gizzard and duodenum. Increasing CF levels decreased jejunum villus height and affected caecal crypt depth and villus height to crypt depth ratio. Higher CF levels decreased serum triglyceride. Adding grit increased relative weight of abdominal fat. Grit addition increased grit weight in gizzard and the ratio of grit in 0.45-1 and 1-2 mm while decreasing the ratio of grit
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- 2014
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8. Effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge on antioxidant capability of broiler chickens
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YU-YUN GAO, LI-ZHEN CHEN, JIE ZHANG, QIAN FAN, LI-HUI XU, YI-QIANG HUANG, and CHANG-KANG WANG
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General Veterinary ,Animal Science and Zoology - Abstract
This study was designed to investigate the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge on antioxidant capability (superoxide dismutase, SOD; catalase, CAT; glutathione peroxidase, GPX; and reduced glutathione to oxidized glutathione, GSH/GSSG) and induce the model of immunological stress in broiler chickens. Day-old, yellowfeathered broilers (140) were randomly assigned to 2 treatments with 7 replicates of 10 chicks each. At day 21, 23, 25 and 27, chicks were injected with LPS and blood samples were collected after 24 h. Chicks (2) from each replicate were killed, and liver and jejunum samples were collected. The activities and gene expression of SOD, CAT, and GPX, were determined. The results showed that LPS challenge reduced serum SOD at day 22 and 26, serum CAT at day 24, 26, and 28, and serum GPX at day 26. LPS challenge decreased liver SOD, liver GPX, liver GSH/GSSG ratio at day 26 and 28. LPS challenge also decreased jejunum SOD at day 26, and jejunum CAT, GPX and GSH/GSSG ratio at day 26 and 28.The expressions of liver CAT, liver GPX1, and jejunum SOD1 were down regulated at day 26. The expressions of jejunum CAT, and jejunum GPX1 were down regulated at day 26. Meanwhile, LPS reduced the expression of liver SOD1 at day 22 and the expression of jejunum GPX1 at day 28. In conclusion, three times of LPS challenge could result in serious oxidative damage and induce immune stress model.
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- 2018
9. Selection of housekeeping genes for quantitative gene expression analysis in yellow-feathered broilers
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Qian Fan, Chang-Kang Wang, Xin-Tao Lu, Zhang Jie, Yu-Yun Gao, and Yi-Qiang Huang
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0301 basic medicine ,Genetics ,animal structures ,rt-pcr ,housekeeping genes ,food and beverages ,Biology ,yellow-feathered broilers ,liver ,law.invention ,Housekeeping gene ,03 medical and health sciences ,030104 developmental biology ,Real-time polymerase chain reaction ,law ,Gene expression ,Animal Science and Zoology ,lcsh:Animal culture ,jejunum ,Gene ,Polymerase chain reaction ,Selection (genetic algorithm) ,lcsh:SF1-1100 - Abstract
The aim of this study was designed to select housekeeping genes for quantitative gene expression analysis in yellow-feathered broilers. Twelve 3-week-old chickens were randomly selected from 60 yellow-feathered broilers. Then, 12 chickens were killed; the liver and jejunum samples were collected. The gene expression of housekeeping genes (β-actin, ACTB; glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, GAPDH; hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase 1, HPRT1; ribosomal protein L13, RPL13; TATA box binding protein, TBP; hydroxymethylbilane synthase, HMBS) were determined using quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Furthermore, the expression stabilities of housekeeping genes were analysed using geNorm, Normfinder and BestKeeper programs. The result showed that RPL13 is the most proper gene in liver, GADPH is the most proper gene in jejunum, and HMBS is the most proper gene in all tissues. In conclusion, this result provides the integrated reported evaluation of housekeeping genes for use in expression studies in yellow-feathered broilers. These findings further emphasise the need to accurately validate candidate housekeeping genes in the study before use in gene expression studies using RT-PCR.
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- 2017
10. Effects of Dietary Fiber and Grit on Performance, Gastrointestinal Tract Development, Lipometabolism, and Grit Retention of Goslings
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Hui-yong Yang, Hui Ye, Yu-yun Gao, Ling Jin, W.C. Wang, Zhenping Lin, Lin Yang, and Song-bo Huang
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Agriculture (General) ,Plant Science ,Biology ,Biochemistry ,S1-972 ,Jejunum ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Animal science ,Food Animals ,medicine ,Grit ,Gizzard ,grit ,Gastrointestinal tract ,Meal ,Ecology ,Triglyceride ,goslings ,Proventriculus ,Factorial experiment ,Anatomy ,dietary fiber ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Animal Science and Zoology ,gastrointestinal tract ,Agronomy and Crop Science ,performance ,Food Science - Abstract
This study investigated effects of dietary fibre and grit on growth performance, gastrointestinal tract (GIT) development, serum indexes and grit retention of Sichuan white goslings in China. The experiment was a 3×2 factorial design consisting of dietary crude fibre (CF) at 2.0, 4.0 and 6.0% levels by adding grass meal and with or without grit supplementation. A total of 7201-d-old male goslings were randomly allocated into 36 pens of 20 goslings/pen (n=6 pens/treatment). At 21 d of age, GIT, blood samples and grit in gizzards were collected. Body weight (BW), empty BW (without GIT), average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) were affected by CF levels and the medium (4.0%) had the highest value. Adding grit improved BW, empty BW, ADG and ADFI. CF affected relative weight or length of proventriculus, gizzard and duodenum. Increasing CF levels decreased jejunum villus height and affected caecal crypt depth and villus height to crypt depth ratio. Higher CF levels decreased serum triglyceride. Adding grit increased relative weight of abdominal fat. Grit addition increased grit weight in gizzard and the ratio of grit in 0.45-1 and 1-2 mm while decreasing the ratio of grit
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- 2014
11. Lycopene reduces the negative effects induced by lipopolysaccharide in breeding hens
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Jingyun Ma, J Zhu, L Su, Baoli Sun, D Shu, Jianmin Zhang, Y Bi, Yu-Yun Gao, and Qingmei Xie
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Lipopolysaccharides ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Lipopolysaccharide ,Thymus Gland ,Biology ,Antioxidants ,Random Allocation ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Bursa of Fabricius ,Lycopene ,High-density lipoprotein ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,Blood urea nitrogen ,Meal ,Cholesterol ,General Medicine ,Glutathione ,Animal Feed ,Carotenoids ,Diet ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Dietary Supplements ,Female ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Chickens ,Blood Chemical Analysis ,Spleen ,Food Science - Abstract
This study assessed the effects of lycopene on the antioxidant capacity, biochemical parameters, and immune organ index of breeding hens following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. The study had a 2 × 2 factorial design. Healthy Xing-hua breeding hens (720) were divided into groups with 6 replicates per group and 30 hens per replicate. Hens were fed on a rice-soya bean basal meal supplemented with different levels of lycopene (0, 20, 40, or 80 mg/kg diet). On d 35, two hens from each replicate were injected subcutaneously with 1 mg/kg body weight of either LPS or sterile saline (control group). Blood samples were collected at 0, 6, and 24 h post-injection. At 24 h post-injection, hens were sacrificed and the thymus, spleen, and bursa of Fabricius were removed. The results revealed that LPS significantly decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLC), triidothyronine (T3), reduced glutathione to oxidised glutathione ratio (GSH/GSSG), thymus and bursal indexes, and increased low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC). Lycopene supplementation significantly increased HDLC, T3, GSH/GSSG, and immune organ index, and decreased total cholesterol, LDLC, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). The interaction effects of lycopene and LPS were significant on BUN and T3. Lycopene supplementation affected inflammatory immune response based on increased immune organ index of breeding hens by relieving the LPS-induced stress.
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- 2014
12. Effects of lycopene supplementation in both maternal and offspring diets on growth performance, antioxidant capacity and biochemical parameters in chicks
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Wence Wang, Jingyun Ma, Cuiying Chen, Yan Bi, Xiufen Zhang, Feng Chen, Yu-Yun Gao, Qingmei Xie, and Baoli Sun
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,animal structures ,Offspring ,Biology ,Antioxidants ,Jejunum ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Lycopene ,Animal science ,Food Animals ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Animals ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Cholesterol ,Glutathione peroxidase ,Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ,Glutathione ,Malondialdehyde ,Animal Feed ,Carotenoids ,Diet ,Endocrinology ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Dietary Supplements ,embryonic structures ,Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ,Female ,Animal Science and Zoology ,Chickens ,Lipoprotein - Abstract
This study investigated the effects of different supplementation ways of lycopene during pre-hatch (from the diet of hens) and post-hatch (from the diet of progeny) on production performance, antioxidant capacity and biochemical parameters in chicks. In total, 360 hens were fed diets supplemented with 0 (control group) or 40 mg lycopene/kg diet. From 28 to 34 days after the start of supplementation (30 weeks old), 650 qualified eggs were collected to artificial incubation. In this trial, 2 × 2 factorial designs were used. Male chicks hatched from hens fed with 0 or 40 mg lycopene/kg diet were fed a diet containing either 0 or 40 mg lycopene/kg diet. The results showed that, relative to control, in ovo-deposited lycopene significantly increased chick birth body weight, improved liver total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione to oxidized glutathione ratio (GSH: GSSG), and significantly declined liver malondialdehyde (MDA) level and increased liver lycopene content during 0-14 days after hatching. On days 14 after hatching, dietary lycopene in diet began to take over gradually. Both supplementation ways of lycopene increased immune organ index, serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, villus length and villus/crypt in duodenum, jejunum and ileum. Data in this study suggested lycopene supplementation could improve antioxidant capacity and immune function, and regulate lipid metabolism in chicks.
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- 2014
13. Deformation Monitoring Data De-Noising Processing Based on Wavelet Packet
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Fa Peng Gao, Yan Mei Yang, Yu Yun Gao, and Ze Gen Wang
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Discrete wavelet transform ,Wavelet ,Second-generation wavelet transform ,Stationary wavelet transform ,Speech recognition ,Entropy (information theory) ,Wavelet transform ,Cascade algorithm ,Data_CODINGANDINFORMATIONTHEORY ,General Medicine ,Algorithm ,Mathematics ,Wavelet packet decomposition - Abstract
Wavelet packet coefficients carrying real signals have large amplitude but are in minority, while those carrying noise has lower amplitude but is of large number. In this case, the Basic principle of de-noising wavelet packet is to process signals carrying noise. A suitable threshold is chosen in different decomposition level. Wavelet packet coefficient of less than this threshold is set to equal zero, while wavelet packet coefficients of greater than this threshold is reserved and reconstructed into de-noising signals. MSE, SNR, PSNR are regarded as the standards of de-noising evaluation, some mathematical methods such as Shannon entropy, norm entropy, logarithm energy entropy, threshold entropy, Stein Unbiased Risk Estimate entropy are adopted to measure whether the wavelet packet basis is optimal , minimum Entropy function D value is the best base. Selecting threshold and threshold quantitative is the key to wavelet packet de-noising. And selection of threshold value abides standards such as Sqtwolog, Rigrsure, Heursure, Manimaxi, or Birge-massart. Wavelet packet de-noising method has been applied to tunnel vault sink and landslide monitoring data de-noising processing, which manifests itself being a more elaborate, flexible method compared to wavelet de-noising, since wavelet packet de-noising can even subdivided the low-frequency part and the high-frequency part of upper layer, thus entertains a more precise local analysis capabilities.
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- 2012
14. Supplementation of xanthophylls increased antioxidant capacity and decreased lipid peroxidation in hens and chicks
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Xiangbin Zhang, Jingyun Ma, Ji-Mei Zhu, Yingzuo Bi, Yu-Yun Gao, Ling Jin, Qingmei Xie, Baoli Sun, and Dingming Shu
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Male ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Xanthophylls ,Antioxidants ,Lipid peroxidation ,Superoxide dismutase ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Animal science ,Malondialdehyde ,Animals ,Intestinal Mucosa ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Glutathione Peroxidase ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,biology ,Glutathione Disulfide ,Hatching ,Superoxide Dismutase ,Glutathione peroxidase ,Glutathione ,Catalase ,Diet ,chemistry ,Liver ,Xanthophyll ,Dietary Supplements ,biology.protein ,Female ,Lipid Peroxidation ,Chickens - Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of xanthophyll supplementation on production performance, antioxidant capacity (measured by glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and reduced glutathione:oxidised glutathione ratio (GSH:GSSG)) and lipid peroxidation (measured by malondialdehyde (MDA)) in breeding hens and chicks. In Expt 1, 432 hens were fed diets supplemented with 0 (control group), 20 or 40 mg xanthophyll/kg diet. Blood samples were taken at 7, 14, 21, 28 and 35 d of the trial. Liver and jejunal mucosa were sampled at 35 d. Both xanthophyll groups improved serum SOD at 21 and 28 d, serum T-AOC at 21 d and liver T-AOC, and serum GSH:GSSG at 21, 28 and 35 d and liver GSH:GSSG. Xanthophylls also decreased serum MDA at 21 d in hens. Expt 2 was a 2 × 2 factorial design. Male chicks hatched from 0 or 40 mg in ovo xanthophyll/kg diet of hens were fed a diet containing either 0 or 40 mg xanthophyll/kg diet. Liver samples were collected at 0, 7, 14 and 21 d after hatching. Blood samples were also collected at 21 d. In ovo-deposited xanthophylls increased antioxidant capacity and decreased MDA in the liver mainly within 1 week after hatching. Maternal effects gradually vanished during 1–2 weeks after hatching. Dietary xanthophylls increased antioxidant capacity and decreased MDA in the liver and serum mainly from 2 weeks onwards. Data suggested that xanthophyll supplementation enhanced antioxidant capacity and reduced lipid peroxidation in different tissues of hens and chicks.
- Published
- 2012
15. Supplementation of xanthophylls decreased proinflammatory and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines in hens and chicks
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Yu-Yun Gao, Qing-Mei Xie, Ling Jin, Bao-Li Sun, Jun Ji, Feng Chen, Jing-Yun Ma, and Ying-Zuo Bi
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Male ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Xanthophylls ,Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ,digestive system ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Liver ,Dietary Supplements ,Intestine, Small ,Animals ,Cytokines ,Female ,Chickens - Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of xanthophylls (containing 40 % of lutein and 60 % of zeaxanthin) on proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, interferon (IFN)-γ and lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α factor (LITAF)) and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-4 and IL-10) expression of breeding hens and chicks. In Expt 1, a total of 432 hens were fed diets supplemented with 0 (as the control group), 20 or 40 mg/kg xanthophylls (six replicates per treatment). The liver, duodenum, jejunum and ileum were sampled at 35 d of the trial. The results showed that both levels of xanthophyll addition decreased IL-1β mRNA in the liver and jejunum, IL-6 mRNA in the liver, IFN-γ mRNA in the jejunum and LITAF mRNA in the liver compared to the control group. Expt 2 was a 2 × 2 factorial design. Male chicks hatched from 0 or 40 mg/kg xanthophyll diet of hens were fed a diet containing either 0 or 40 mg/kg xanthophylls. The liver, duodenum, jejunum and ileum were collected at 0, 7, 14 and 21 d after hatching. The results showed thatin ovoxanthophylls decreased proinflammatory cytokine expression (IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ and LITAF) in the liver, duodenum, jejunum and ileum and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine expression (IL-4 and IL-10) in the liver, jejunum and ileum mainly at 0–7 d after hatching.In ovoeffects gradually vanished and dietary effects began to work during 1–2 weeks after hatching. Dietary xanthophylls modulated proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and IFN-γ) in the liver, duodenum, jejunum and ileum and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) in the liver and jejunum mainly from 2 weeks onwards. In conclusion, xanthophylls could regulate proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression in different tissues of hens and chicks.
- Published
- 2012
16. Xanthophyll supplementation regulates carotenoid and retinoid metabolism in hens and chicks.
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Yu-Yun Gao, Jun Ji, Ling Jin, Bao-Li Sun, Li-Hui Xu, Chang-Kang Wang, and Ying-Zuo Bi
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RETINOIDS , *CAROTENOIDS , *XANTHOPHYLLS , *HENS , *CHICKS , *GENE expression , *PHYSIOLOGY , *POULTRY - Abstract
This study investigated the effects of xanthophylls (containing 40% lutein and 60% zeaxanthin; Juyuan Biochemical Co., Ltd., GuangZhou, China) on gene expression associated with carotenoid cleavage enzymes (β-carotene 15, 15'-monooxygenase, BCMO1; and β-carotene 9', 10'-dioxygenase, BCDO2) and retinoid metabolism (lecithin:retinol acyl transferase (LRAT) and STRA6) of breeding hens and chicks. In experiment 1, 432 hens were divided into 3 groups and fed diets supplemented with zero (as the control group), 20, or 40 mg/kg xanthophyll. The liver, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were sampled at d 35 of the trial. Results showed that 40 mg/kg xanthophyll supplementation increased BCDO2 mRNA in the liver, duodenum, and jejunum; LRAT mRNA in the jejunum; and STRA6 mRNA in the liver, while it decreased LRAT mRNA in the liver. Experiment 2 was a 2 x 2 factorial design. Male chicks hatched from a zero or 40 mg/kg xanthophyll diet of hens were fed a diet containing either zero or 40 mg/kg xanthophylls. The liver, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum were sampled at zero, 7, 14, and 21 d after hatching. Results showed that in ovo xanthophyll modulated carotenoid and retinoid metabolism mainly within one wk after hatching. The maternal effects gradually vanished and dietary effects began to work one to 2 wk after hatching. Dietary xanthophyll regulated carotenoid and retinoid metabolism mainly from 2 wk onward. The xanthophyll regulation of carotenoid and retinoid metabolism also revealed strong tissue specificity. In conclusion, xanthophyll supplementation could modulate carotenoid and retinoid metabolism in different tissues of hens and chicks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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17. Supplementation of xanthophylls decreased proinflammatory and increased anti-inflammatory cytokines in hens and chicks – CORRIGENDUM
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Qingmei Xie, Yingzuo Bi, Jingyun Ma, Feng Chen, Ling Jin, Baoli Sun, Jun Ji, and Yu-Yun Gao
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Lutein ,Nutrition and Dietetics ,medicine.medical_treatment ,digestive, oral, and skin physiology ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,Ileum ,Biology ,In ovo ,digestive system ,Proinflammatory cytokine ,Jejunum ,Zeaxanthin ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Cytokine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Duodenum - Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of xanthophylls (containing 40 % of lutein and 60 % of zeaxanthin) on proinflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, IL-6, interferon (IFN)-γ and lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-α factor (LITAF)) and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-4 and IL-10) expression of breeding hens and chicks. In Expt 1, a total of 432 hens were fed diets supplemented with 0 (as the control group), 20 or 40 mg/kg xanthophylls (six replicates per treatment). The liver, duodenum, jejunum and ileum were sampled at 35 d of the trial. The results showed that both levels of xanthophyll addition decreased IL-1β mRNA in the liver and jejunum, IL-6 mRNA in the liver, IFN-γ mRNA in the jejunum and LITAF mRNA in the liver compared to the control group. Expt 2 was a 2 × 2 factorial design. Male chicks hatched from 0 or 40 mg/kg xanthophyll diet of hens were fed a diet containing either 0 or 40 mg/kg xanthophylls. The liver, duodenum, jejunum and ileum were collected at 0, 7, 14 and 21 d after hatching. The results showed that in ovo xanthophylls decreased proinflammatory cytokine expression (IL-1β, IL-6, IFN-γ and LITAF) in the liver, duodenum, jejunum and ileum and increased anti-inflammatory cytokine expression (IL-4 and IL-10) in the liver, jejunum and ileum mainly at 0-7 d after hatching. In ovo effects gradually vanished and dietary effects began to work during 1-2 weeks after hatching. Dietary xanthophylls modulated proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and IFN-γ) in the liver, duodenum, jejunum and ileum and anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10) in the liver and jejunum mainly from 2 weeks onwards. In conclusion, xanthophylls could regulate proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokine expression in different tissues of hens and chicks.
- Published
- 2013
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