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BACKGROUND Despite being the most common intraocular malignancy among adults, choroidal melanoma is a rare cancer type, even more so when accompanied by lung cancer. We report a patient with synchronous choroid melanoma and lung cancer treated with carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT). CASE SUMMARY A 41-year-old woman was transferred to our center with a diagnosis of choroidal melanoma in her right eye. During the examination, we found a right lung tumor that was histologically diagnosed as lung cancer. The patient was treated with CIRT for both malignant neoplasms. The CIRT dose was 70 photon equivalent doses (GyE) in five fractions for the right eye choroidal melanoma and 72 GyE in 16 fractions for the right lung cancer. At 3 mo after CIRT, the choroidal melanoma completely disappeared, as did the right lung cancer 7 mo after; the patient was in complete remission. CONCLUSION CIRT may be an effective treatment for double primary lung cancer and choroid melanoma.

BACKGROUND Radical cystectomy is considered the first choice for the treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer. However, for some patients who have lost the indications for surgery, external beam radiotherapy is a non-invasive and effective treatment. CASE SUMMARY A 76-year-old patient with bladder cancer who had serious comorbidities and could not tolerate surgery or chemotherapy came to the Wuwei Heavy Ion Center. He received carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) with a whole-bladder dose of 44 GyE and tumor boost of 20 GyE. When he finished CIRT, his bladder cancer-related hematuria completely disappeared, and computed tomography examination showed that the tumor had obviously decreased in size. At the 3-mo follow-up, the tumor disappeared, and there were no acute or late adverse events. CIRT was well tolerated in this patient. CONCLUSION CIRT may allow for avoiding resection and was well tolerated with curative outcomes.

Currently, the influence of elevated atmospheric CO

With the warming up and continuous development of machine learning, especially deep learning, the research on visual question answering field has made significant progress, with important theoretical research significance and practical application value. Therefore, it is necessary to summarize the current research and provide some reference for researchers in this field. This article conducted a detailed and in-depth analysis and summarized of relevant research and typical methods of visual question answering field. First, relevant background knowledge about VQA(Visual Question Answering) was introduced. Secondly, the issues and challenges of visual question answering were discussed, and at the same time, some promising discussion on the particular methodologies was given. Thirdly, the key sub-problems affecting visual question answering were summarized and analyzed. Then, the current commonly used data sets and evaluation indicators were summarized. Next, in view of the popular algorithms and models in VQA research, comparison of the algorithms and models was summarized and listed. Finally, the future development trend and conclusion of visual question answering were prospected.

Nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (n-damo), catalyzed by bacteria closely related to Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera, links the global carbon and nitrogen cycles. Currently, the contribution of n-damo in controlling methane emissions and nitrogen removal, and the key regulatory factors of this process in Chinese paddy fields are poorly known. Here, soil samples from 20 paddy fields located in different climate zones across China were collected to examine the n-damo activity and bacterial communities. The n-damo activity and bacterial abundance varied from 1.05 to 5.97 nmol CH

Paddy fields are one of the most important methane sources, which have great impacts on climate change. The nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation, by NC10 phylum bacteria-稻田是温室气体甲烷的重要排放源之一,对全球气候变化具有重要影响。由隶属于NC10门的

Four simple dough preparation methods were proposed to imitate the rheological behaviors of traditional hand-made doughs and the underlying mechanism was concomitantly elucidated. It indicated the hand-made doughs, including the conventional hand-made dough (CHD), bidirectional pressed dough (BPD), bidirectional rolled dough (BRD), unidirectional pressed dough (UPD), and unidirectional rolled dough (URD), showed weaker mechanical resistance than the mixer-made dough did. Compared with UPD and BRD, BPD and URD had better tensile resistance and deformation recovery. CLSM analysis showed that these two doughs also possessed smaller lacunarity (7.22-7.24 × 10

Rheological properties and chemical interactions of doughs prepared at different temperatures were evaluated. The results showed that the rigidity of pretreated doughs was enhanced, and the processing performance of doughs was weakened. Preheating resulted in the polymerization of gluten through the conversion of sulfhydryl groups to disulfide bonds. The noncovalent interaction of dough played a dominant role and further led to the production of glutenin macropolymers (55.77 mg/g). CLSM images verified that preheating promoted the formation of the coarse and scattered gluten network, while preheating at 80 °C led to a higher gluten area percentage (40.27 %) and lower lacunarity (6.74 × 10

Candidatus Methanoperedens-like archaea, which can use multiple electron acceptors (nitrate, iron, manganese, and sulfate) for anaerobic methane oxidation, could play an important role in reducing methane emissions from freshwater wetlands. Currently, very little is known about the distribution and community composition of Methanoperedens-like archaea in freshwater wetlands, particularly based on their alpha subunit of methyl-coenzyme M reductase (mcrA) genes. Here, the community composition, diversity, and abundance of Methanoperedens-like archaea were investigated in a freshwater wetland through high-throughput sequencing and quantitative PCR on their mcrA genes. A large number of Methanoperedens-like mcrA gene sequences (119,250) were recovered, and a total of 31 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were generated based on 95% sequence similarity cut-off. The majority of Methanoperedens-like sequences can be grouped into three distinct clusters that were closely associated with the known Methanoperedens species which can couple anaerobic methane oxidation to nitrate or iron reduction. The community composition of Methanoperedens-like archaea differed significantly among different sampling sites, and their mcrA gene abundance was 1.49 × 10

Background Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is among the most common types of pain in adults. Currently, injections and analgesic and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are often provided for patients with CLBP. However, their effectiveness remains questionable, and the safest approach to CLBP remains debated. Meditation-based therapies constitute an alternative treatment with high potential for widespread availability. We evaluated the applicability of meditation-based therapies for CLBP management. Methods We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy of meditation-based therapies for CLBP management. The primary outcomes were pain intensity, quality of life, and pain-related disability; the secondary outcomes were the experienced distress or anxiety and pain bothersomeness in the patients. The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched for studies published from the databases’ inception dates until July 2021, without language restrictions. Results We reviewed 12 randomized controlled trials with 1,153 patients. In 10 trials, meditation-based therapies significantly reduced the CLBP pain intensity compared with nonmeditation therapies (standardized mean difference [SMD] −0.27, 95% confidence interval [CI] = −0.43 to −0.12, P = 0.0006). In seven trials, meditation-based therapies also significantly reduced CLBP bothersomeness compared with nonmeditation therapies (SMD −0.21, 95% CI = −0.34 to −0.08, P = 0.002). In three trials, meditation-based therapies significantly improved patient quality of life compared with nonmeditation therapies (SMD 0.27, 95% CI = 0.17 to 0.37, P Conclusions In conclusion, meditation-based therapies constitute a safe and effective alternative approach to CLBP management.

Transition-metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been regarded as one of the most intriguing electrocatalysts because of its low cost and diversity in functional organic groups and metal centers. Different from the common strategies of tuning the ratio of metal centers in multivariate MOFs, here, ultralow-content Fe2O3 is decorated on the surface of monometallic Ni-MOF-74 based on the fast "phenol-iron (Fe)" surface reaction between Fe2+ and the surface hydroxyl group in Ni-MOF-74. Benefiting from this flexible method, the Fe loading can be finely modulated and thus a series of Fe-decorated Ni-MOF-74 with different Fe contents are prepared. The optimized 0.6 wt % Fe2O3@Ni-MOF-74 with the Fe loading of 0.6 wt % only needs the overpotential of 264 mV to deliver 10 mA cm-2, which obviously outperforms Fe-free Ni-MOF-74 (323 mV) and other Fe2O3@Ni-MOF-74 and is even superior to the commercial IrO2 benchmark (300 mV). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results disclose that Fe decoration can obviously modulate the electronic structure of Ni center in Ni-MOF-74, thereby resulting in enhanced oxygen evolution reaction activity. This work opens up a new avenue to fabricate excellent MOF-based electrocatalysts for direct utilization in an electrocatalytic process.

The influences of wheat globulin on dough and noodle quality under alkali or salt conditionwere investigated, and the protein interactions were revealed. Results indicated that dough viscoelasticity, noodle hardness, springiness and extensibility of samples with globulin added were remarkably increased under alkali condition. However, the corresponding enhancement was less significant under salt condition. In dough system, added globulin decreased the protein surface hydrophobicity by 38.71%, implying the enhancement of hydrophobic interactions. Under salt and alkali conditions, added globulin further increased the β-sheets structure by 1.68% and 3.17%, respectively, indicating the enhancement of hydrogen bonds interaction. In addition, disulfide bonds interactions between globulin and gluten have also been demonstrated induced by alkali. The results were accountable for protein network polymerization observed in micro-structures. This paper provides new insights into the structural properties of wheat globulin, and demonstrates the excellent potential to improve noodle processing quality under alkali condition significantly.

Nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (n-damo) catalyzed by Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera (M. oxyfera)-like bacteria is a new pathway for the regulation of methane emissions from paddy fields. Elevated atmospheric CO

A modified sodium bentonite geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) designed for acid-and-alkaline resistance was evaluated for its potential application in the containment of bauxite residue leachate. A modified fluid loss test was employed to quickly evaluate the hydraulic conductivity (k) of the GCL using distilled water, tap water, and four bauxite liquors (BLs, leachate from bauxite residue reservoirs). The effects of swelling capacity of bentonite, prehydration, hydraulic gradient (i), ionic strength (I), and relative abundance of monovalent and multivalent cations (RMD) on the hydraulic conductivity of the GCL were analyzed. The results indicated that the BLs significantly decreased free swell index of the bentonite. As compared to increasing i, prehydration obviously enhanced hydraulic performance of the GCL. The four BLs increased k of the GCL by a factor of 4-12 relative to the tap water permeation condition, and the resultant k exceeded upper limit of 5.0 × 10

This paper presents results of investigation of hydraulic conductivity of soil-bentonite backfill (referred as SB backfill) and sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP)-amended soil-bentonite backfill (referred as SHMP-SB backfill) exposed to lead-impacted groundwater. Lead nitrate (Pb(NO3)2) solutions with various concentrations were tested as permeant liquids for the flexible wall permeameter hydraulic conductivity tests. Series of laboratory experiments were conducted to assess slump height of the backfills, free swell index of conventional bentonite with and without SHMP-amendment, and hydraulic conductivity of the backfills in tap water and Pb(NO3)2 solutions. The results showed that the moisture contents corresponding to the target slump were 38% and 32% for SB and SHMP-SB backfills, respectively. The free swelling index of conventional bentonite in the 50–60 mM Pb(NO3)2 solutions was enhanced with SHMP amendment. The hydraulic conductivity of SB and SHMP-SB backfills increased with increasing concentration of Pb(NO3)2 solutions as expected. The hydraulic conductivity of SHMP-SB backfill was below the commonly accepted value (10−9 m/s) regardless of the type of permeant liquid, whereas hydraulic conductivity of SB backfill was higher than 10−9 m/s in the Pb(NO3)2 solutions with concentrations of 50 and 500 mM.

Soil-bentonite cutoff walls, consisting of excavated in situ soil and bentonite as backfills, are used extensively as vertical barriers for groundwater pollution control. Sand mixed with high-quality natural sodium bentonite (NaB) is commonly used as a research object to investigate the hydraulic and compression properties of soil-bentonite backfills. However, pure sand could rarely be found in real conditions, and natural NaB may not be available readily in some countries such as China, India, and Turkey. This paper presents a comprehensive laboratory investigation on the compressibility and hydraulic conductivity (k) of soil-bentonite backfills created by simulated in situ soil and low-quality sodium activated calcium bentonite (SACaB). The simulated in situ soils are prepared using sand-natural clay mixtures with sand to natural clay mass ratios ranging from 0.5 to 6.0, and the bentonite content (BC) in the base mixture ranges from 0 to 15%. The result indicates that BC dominates the compression index (Cc) of the backfill, and a unique relationship between void ratio at effective vertical compression stress of 1 kPa and compression index is proposed for various types of soil-bentonite backfills. An increase in either BC or clay size fraction (CF) in simulated in situ contributes to reducing k, but the impact of CF in simulated in situ soil on k tends to be insignificant for backfill with BC higher than 6%. A new characteristic parameter based on the concept of void ratio of bentonite (eb), named apparent void ratio of clay size fraction (eC), is developed for predicting soil-bentonite backfills created by in situ soils and bentonites with various contents.

The elevated atmospheric CO

Medical Genetics bridges basic research and clinical studies. It is one of the important basic courses for medical students. To cultivate students' self-regulated learning ability and improve the teaching quality of Medical Genetics, a presentation-assimilation-discussion (PAD) class mode is adopted in the teaching process. In the teaching setup, we gave students the proceedings and time guarantee for self-regulated learning, and guided the students through teaching, discussion and homework for their independent learning. The resulting evaluation of "Self-Regulated Learning Scale for College Students" shows that the students' learning motivation and learning strategy are enhanced compared with those before the implementation of PAD teaching, the total score of the evaluation is significantly increased, the students' self-regulated learning ability is improved, and satisfactory teaching results are achieved. We conclude that PAD class could contribute to students' self-regulated learning.医学遗传学是一门衔接基础和临床的桥梁学科,是医学专业学生必须掌握的重要基础课程之一。为了培养学生的自主学习能力,提高医学遗传学的教学质量,在医学遗传学教学中采用对分课堂教学模式。在教学设置中,给予学生自主学习的流程和时间保障,并在讲授、讨论和作业等环节,积极引导学生自主学习。大学生自主学习量表测评显示,学生在学习动机和学习策略方面较教学实施前均有增强,测评总分明显增加,自主学习能力得到提升,取得满意的教学效果。.

This study investigated the potential use of sodium hexametaposphate (SHMP) as an amendment in calcium bentonite (Ca-bentonite) and sand/Ca-bentonite backfill to enhance retention of two heavy metals, lead (Pb) and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)), commonly encountered in contaminated groundwater by conducting batch equilibrium experiments. The pH of the equilibrated bentonites and backfills was also measured. The results showed that the SHMP amendment and the presence of source chemicals lowered the equilibrium pH of the bentonites and backfills. All the tested bentonites and backfills exhibited nonlinear retention behavior of Pb and Cr(VI) which was well described by Langmuir and Freundlich models. SHMP amendment increased the Pb retention capacity of the bentonite and backfill by a factor of 1.45 and 1.72 respectively, whilst it helped little on improving Cr(VI) retention capacity of the bentonite and backfill. Moreover, the percent retention (PR) and partition coefficient (Kp) were found to increase first and then decrease with the initial metal concentrations, and the peak PS or Kp occurred at initial concentration of 874 mg/L for Pb retention on all tested bentonites and backfills, whilst 1 and 48 mg/L for Cr(VI) retention on the tested bentonites and backfills respectively. Based on the variations of PR and Kp with initial metal concentration, the enhanced retention of Pb on bentonite and backfill with SHMP amendment was pronounced when the initial Pb concentration was higher than the threshold value of 1642 mg/L. However, the bentonite, even though amended with SHMP, is not an ideal barrier material for Cr(VI) retention.

This study aims to investigate workability and microstructural characteristics of sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP)-treated calcium bentonite (Ca-bentonite) as a potential material for soil–bentonite slurry trench cutoff walls. First, a series of Marsh viscosity, filtrate loss, density, and pH experiments are performed on bentonite – tap water slurries containing Ca-bentonite amended with 0%–8% SHMP dosages. Subsequently, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and zeta potential tests are conducted to explore microstructural characteristics that control the mechanisms of SHMP treatment. The results indicate that the workability of the slurry is significantly improved with SHMP addition. The SEM, XRD, and zeta potential analyses show that SHMP-amended Ca-bentonite possesses a more dispersed structure and higher negative zeta potential relative to the unamended Ca-bentonite. The mechanisms of SHMP amendment are identified to be exchange of bivalent calcium cations in Ca-bentonite by monovalent sodium cations in the SHMP, sorption of the SHMP anions that give the clay system a steric stabilization and increased negative surface charge density, and sequestration of the bivalent calcium cations on the Ca-bentonite. Overall, the SHMP treatment is effective in making the Ca-bentonite slurry amenable for use in the soil–bentonite slurry trench wall construction.

Coastal wetlands are critical in the global carbon budget while vulnerable to plant invasion. Spartina alterniflora (S. alterniflora), a typical invasive plant species, has rapidly expanded in China’s coastal area since 1979, which disturbed the carbon cycle of the coastal wetland ecosystems. However, until now, the effect and underlying mechanisms of S. alterniflora invasion on methanotrophs are poorly known in coastal wetlands. Here, a large-scale investigation of the activity, abundance and community structure of methanotrophs was conducted in seven wetlands under both native (dominated by Phragmites australis, Kandelia candel or Avicennia marina) and invasive plants (dominated by S. alterniflora) across the southeast coast of China. Compared with the native community, S. alterniflora invasion led to a significant (p

The elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (eCO2) has a great impact on soil microbial communities and their functions; however, how the activity and communities of methanotrophs respond to eCO2 in paddy ecosystem is poorly known. Here, we examined the effects of a 4-year exposure to eCO2 (EC; ambient + 200 ppm) in open top chambers on the potential activity, abundance and community composition of methanotrophs in paddy fields in Nanjing City, China. The potential activity was measured in a slurry incubation under aerobic condition, and the community composition and abundance of methanotrophs were analyzed through Illumina Miseq sequencing and quantitative PCR of pmoA genes. The results demonstrated that EC significantly increased (p

Nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (n-damo) catalyzed by Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera (M. oxyfera)-like bacteria is a new pathway for the regulation of methane emissions from paddy fields. Elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations (e[CO2]) can indirectly affect the structure and function of microbial communities. However, the response of M. oxyfera-like bacteria to e[CO2] is currently unknown. Here, we investigated the effect of e[CO2] (ambient CO2 + 200 ppm) on community composition, abundance, and activity of M. oxyfera-like bacteria at different depths (0–5, 5–10, and 10–20 cm) in paddy fields across multiple rice growth stages (tillering, jointing, and flowering). High-throughput sequencing showed that e[CO2] had no significant effect on the community composition of M. oxyfera-like bacteria. However, quantitative PCR suggested that the 16S rRNA gene abundance of M. oxyfera-like bacteria increased significantly in soil under e[CO2], particularly at the tillering stage. Furthermore, 13CH4 tracer experiments showed potential n-damo activity of 0.31–8.91 nmol CO2 g−1 (dry soil) d−1. E[CO2] significantly stimulated n-damo activity, especially at the jointing and flowering stages. The n-damo activity and abundance of M. oxyfera-like bacteria increased by an average of 90.9% and 50.0%, respectively, under e[CO2]. Correlation analysis showed that the increase in soil dissolved organic carbon content caused by e[CO2] had significant effects on the activity and abundance of M. oxyfera-like bacteria. Overall, this study provides the first evidence for a positive response of M. oxyfera-like bacteria to e[CO2], which may help reduce methane emissions from paddy fields under future climate change conditions.

Thermo-active engineering projects have been extensively constructed with the rapid increase in energy consumption, which poses high requirements on the design of thermal insulation materials. The present study investigated the thermal conduction behaviors of kaolin clay mixed with shredded tires with different particle gradations. The thermal conductivity of compacted kaolin-shredded tire mixtures was measured using a thermal needle probe to evaluate the combined effects of shredded tire mixing ratio and mean particle size. Based on the experimental data, an empirical model was developed to describe thermal conductivity behavior of the mixtures. The results showed that thermal conductivity of kaolin-shredded tire mixtures decreased with increasing shredded tire mixing ratio, and a maximum reduction in thermal conductivity (Δk = 66.14%) was detected in the sample with 50% volumetric ratio of shredded tire with mean particle size D50 of 0.20. The heat conduction mode of the mixtures changed from ‘shredded tire-matrix’ to ‘kaolin-matrix’ with an increase in particle size of shredded tires, corresponding to the lower thermal conductivity measured in the sample with a relatively smaller size of shredded tire. Linear increasing trends were found in the plot of percentage difference in thermal conductivity Δk versus shredded tire mixing ratio Rs, and the slope values exhibited a power function relation with the mean particle size of shredded tires. The developed thermal conductivity model of kaolin-shredded tire mixtures perfectly captured the trends in the testing data, with an absolute percentage error δ of less than 3% and root mean square error RMSE value of 0.0087 W/m·K. This empirical model may be extended to other compacted clay-shredded tire mixtures by adjusting/introducing calculation parameters.

The global stockpiles of by-product lignin are increasing rapidly with the growing demand on wood-based industry and biomass energy, creating a potential threat to environmental safety without proper disposal. The presented study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of utilizing biomass-based by-product lignin to suppress the shrinkage of silt expected as filling material in engineering construction. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the variations in geometry size, mass loss Δm, moisture content w, and unconfined compressive strength qu of the treated samples exposed to the artificial dry condition. The effects of additive dosage and curing time on shrinkage behaviors of lignin treated silt were analyzed. The roles of matric suction on qu and soil microstructure were discussed to understand the mechanism leading to the soil shrinkage. The test results demonstrated that the addition of lignin effectively suppressed shrinkage of compacted silt subjected to dry curing. Both linear shrinkage rate es and volumetric shrinkage rate ev increased with an increase in lignin dosage, indicating excessive addition of lignin produced a negative impact on the shrinkage resistance. The values of es and ev of lignin treated samples were controlled within 1.0% and 3.0%, respectively. As compared to quicklime, lignin exhibited slightly inferior performance of suppressing shrinkage, while it promoted the water-holding capacity of the treated silt. The matric suction resulted from moisture loss was beneficial for strength improvement and also accelerated the process of soil shrinkage. The shrinkage characteristics of lignin treated silt mainly depended on the combined functions of lignin cementation and matric suction. Additional research is recommended to quantitatively evaluate the matric suction variation of lignin treated soils in dry environment. The outcomes of this study are invaluable in facilitating sustainable soil treatment in engineering construction and providing a viable answer to the cleaner production of biomass-based business.

The elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration is well known to have an important effect on soil nutrient cycling. Ammonia oxidation, mediated by ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), is the rate-limiting step in soil nitrification, which controls the availability of two key soil nutrients (ammonium and nitrate) for crops. Until now, how the AOA and AOB communities in paddy soils respond to elevated CO2 remains largely unknown. Here, we examined the communities of AOA and AOB and nitrification potential at both surface (0–5 cm) and subsurface (5–10 cm) soil layers of paddy fields under three different CO2 treatments, including CK (ambient CO2 concentration), LT (CK + 160 ppm of CO2) and HT (CK + 200 ppm of CO2). The elevated CO2 was found to have a greater impact on the community structure of AOB than that of AOA in surface soils as revealed by high-throughput sequencing of their amoA genes. However, no obvious variation of AOA or AOB communities was observed in subsurface soils among different CO2 treatments. The abundance of AOA and AOB, and nitrification potential were significantly increased in surface soils under elevated CO2. The variation of AOB abundance correlated well with the variation of nitrification potential. The soil water content and dissolved organic carbon content had important impacts on the dynamic of AOB communities and nitrification potential. Overall, our results showed different responses of AOA and AOB communities to elevated CO2 in paddy ecosystems, and AOB were more sensitive to the rising CO2 concentration.

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in groundwater impose serious health problems for human society. This study investigates the potential of using calcium (Ca) bentonite amended with sodium hexametaphosphate (SHMP) as a backfill constituent material in the soil-bentonite slurry trench wall to envelop the Cr(VI) impacted groundwater. The hydraulic conductivity ( K ) and consolidation of backfill comprising of 80 wt% sand and 20 wt% SHMP-amended Ca-bentonite were determined via flexible-wall permeameter tests and oedometer tests , respectively. Microstructure characterizations of the amended bentonites before and after contamination were also explored. The results indicated that when the permeated liquid changed from tap water to Cr(VI) solution, the tested specimens exhibited a 1.0 to 1.2-fold variation in short-term K, with all K values fall in range of 2.1 × 10−10 to 2.5 × 10−10 m/s. This mild variation may be attributed to terminate the tests without achieving chemical equilibrium. On the other hand, the Cr(VI) solution had insignificant effect on consolidation of the amended backfill, which is attributed to the dominated incompressible sand matrix skeleton in the backfill that withstood the consolidation pressure and shield the negative effects of the contaminated solution. The microstructure images revealed that the Cr(VI) resulted in relatively strong interlink between particles. Overall, the SHMP-amended bentonite is promising for enhancing Cr(VI) containment performance of the soil-bentonite slurry trench wall backfills.