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In order to investigate the influence of the backspace on the ballistic performance of the bullet-proof fabric, Twaron® ballistic impact models with different backspaces were established by using the finite element method, and the models were verified. The deformation degree and strain energy absorption of clay for different models were analyzed and compared, and the evolutions of strain energy absorption of fabric layers were analyzed to explore the mechanism. The finite element results show that the clay with the largest backspace has the least deformation and the least energy absorption, while the fabric has the most energy absorption. It is found that the bullet-proof fabric with a backspace has the better performance. In the range of 0-8 mm, the larger the backspace, the better the bullet-proof performance. That is attributed to the fact that the fabric with the backspace has less reaction force and smaller fabric tension, thus it is not easier to be damaged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The co‐insertion of dual ions can often offer enhanced electrochemical performance for the aqueous zinc batteries. Although the insertion of non‐metallic ions has been achieved in aqueous zinc batteries, the co‐insertion chemistry of non‐metallic cations is still a challenge. Here, a reversible H+/NH4+ co‐insertion/extraction mechanism was developed in an aqueous Zn/MnO2 battery system. The synergistic effect between the dual cations endows the aqueous batteries with the fast kinetics of ion diffusion and the reversible structure evolution of MnO2. As a result, the Zn/MnO2 battery displays excellent rate capability and cycling performance. This work will pave the way toward the design of aqueous rechargeable batteries with non‐metallic ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metallic zinc is a promising anode candidate of aqueous zinc‐ion batteries owing to its high theoretical capacity and low redox potential. However, Zn anodes usually suffer from dendrite and side reactions, which will degrade their cycle stability and reversibility. Herein, we developed an in situ spontaneously reducing/assembling strategy to assemble a ultrathin and uniform MXene layer on the surface of Zn anodes. The MXene layer endows the Zn anode with a lower Zn nucleation energy barrier and a more uniformly distributed electric field through the favorable charge redistribution effect in comparison with pure Zn. Therefore, MXene‐integrated Zn anode exhibits obviously low voltage hysteresis and excellent cycling stability with dendrite‐free behaviors, ensuring the high capacity retention and low polarization potential in zinc‐ion batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electrochemical performance of vanadium‐oxide‐based cathodes in aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (ZIBs) depends on their degree of crystallinity and composite state with carbon materials. An in situ electrochemical induction strategy was developed to fabricate a metal–organic‐framework‐derived composite of amorphous V2O5 and carbon materials (a‐V2O5@C) for the first time, where V2O5 is in an amorphous state and uniformly distributed in the carbon framework. The amorphous structure endows V2O5 with more isotropic Zn2+ diffusion routes and active sites, resulting in fast Zn2+ transport and high specific capacity. The porous carbon framework provides a continuous electron transport pathway and ion diffusion channels. As a result, the a‐V2O5@C composites display extraordinary electrochemical performance. This work will pave the way toward design of ZIB cathodes with superior rate performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The co-insertion of dual ions can often offer enhanced electrochemical performance for the aqueous zinc batteries. Although the insertion of non-metallic ions has been achieved in aqueous zinc batteries, the co-insertion chemistry of non-metallic cations is still a challenge. Here, a reversible H + /NH 4 + co-insertion/extraction mechanism was developed in an aqueous Zn/MnO 2 battery system. The synergistic effect between the dual cations endows the aqueous batteries with the fast kinetics of ion diffusion and the reversible structure evolution of MnO 2 . As a result, the Zn/MnO 2 battery displays excellent rate capability and cycling performance. This work will pave the way toward the design of aqueous rechargeable batteries with non-metallic ions., (© 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)

The electrochemical performance of vanadium-oxide-based cathodes in aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) depends on their degree of crystallinity and composite state with carbon materials. An in situ electrochemical induction strategy was developed to fabricate a metal-organic-framework-derived composite of amorphous V 2 O 5 and carbon materials (a-V 2 O 5 @C) for the first time, where V 2 O 5 is in an amorphous state and uniformly distributed in the carbon framework. The amorphous structure endows V 2 O 5 with more isotropic Zn 2+ diffusion routes and active sites, resulting in fast Zn 2+ transport and high specific capacity. The porous carbon framework provides a continuous electron transport pathway and ion diffusion channels. As a result, the a-V 2 O 5 @C composites display extraordinary electrochemical performance. This work will pave the way toward design of ZIB cathodes with superior rate performance., (© 2020 Wiley-VCH GmbH.)