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Bio-ethanol reforming for hydrogen production, using renewable raw materials and adopting mature and efficient chemical processes, is an important source of green hydrogen supply to achieve the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. Bio-ethanol is a widely used substitute for fossil fuels. With the continuous progress of cellulosic ethanol technology in recent years, bio-ethanol will gradually break through the constraints of starch-based raw material supply. Based on the industrialization achievements of hydrogen production and bio-ethanol, bio-ethanol reforming can realize a rapid linkage with the existing hydrogen energy industry. However, the existence of a carboncarbon signal bond in ethanol poses new challenges to the development of hydrogen production catalysts, and production technology for the palladium membrane reactor has been significantly improved, creating an opportunity for the miniaturization of equipment and on-line application of bio-ethanol reforming. Bio-ethanol can be supplied through gas stations, and online hydrogen production can avoid the potential safety hazards of hydrogen storage and transportation. Bio-ethanol reforming for online hydrogen production is expected to achieve a seamless replacement of fuel vehicles in the process of industrialization, which has broad market prospects and great strategic significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to solve the problem of energy management in Intelligent City, the energy management platform of the Internet of things is applied. the method of the energy consumption measurement data access to the energy management platform of the Internet of things is studied. According to the different communication protocols used by the energy management subsystem, the access methods of OPC technology, Web Service and open database connectivity and front-end communication are discussed. The results show that the intelligent city energy management system based on the Internet of things can meet the needs of the "intelligent city" construction. The system integrates the isolated energy information and realizes the energy consumption measurement. It lays the foundation for the diagnosis and energy saving evaluation of urban energy consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethanol plays an important role in the national economy, and is widely used in the raw materials of food, medicine, and the chemical industry. In recent years, with the challenge facing the world's energy security, more and more attention has been devoted to the conversion of biomass into fuel ethanol. Ethanol is considered to be a renewable and clean fuel, which can be an alternative to fossil fuels. So far, compared with other ethanol production methods, the fermentation method to produce ethanol has so many advantages, such as green environmental protection and low cost, that attracts lots of researchers' attention. There are many influence factors in the fermentation process, which make the fermentation process so complicated that it is hard to be controlled. The variation of the ethanol concentration with different fermentation times is directly related to the fermentation results. How to get higher ethanol concentration by a fermentation method has become the hot and difficult issue of the fermentation field. The research of ethanol fermentation kinetic is beneficial for understanding the fermentation process. It provides a theoretical basis for the amplification and optimization of fermentation industry. A bacteria growth dynamics model based on a Logistic equation can better describe the cell growth and inhibition; however, because the parameters and the integral constant of the model equation have no obvious biological significance, its application is limited. To establish a practical product kinetic model of ethanol fermentation, in this article, a reparameterized Logistic model was applied to correlate the ethanol concentration and time in the fermentation process, which was obtained by the analogy of the yeast growth. That is, an explicit function of ethanol concentration is given, which can combine biology and chemical engineering. As there was no yeast concentration in the model, the model was simplified so much and the parameters of it have an immediate physical interpretation that can be conveniently applied in industry. Through the research on glucose and corn starch as the raw material for ethanol fermentation, we studied the variation of ethanol concentration, total sugar concentration with time under the condition of different substrate quality, and the ratio of material to water. Then the experimental data were correlated by the reparameterized Logistic model in ethanol fermentation with glucose and corn starch. The model parameters and the consistency were good between the model and the experiments, the degree of fitting R2, was greater than 0.97. The results showed that the model can be used to represent the kinetics behavior of ethanol concentration in fermentation, which has the potential to predict ethanol concentration in industrial fermentation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A recent bioinformatics analysis identified long non-coding RNA antisense 1 ADAMTS9-AS1 as an independent prognostic marker in several tumors, including prostate cancer and bladder cancer. Nevertheless, the prognostic value and functional role of ADAMTS9-AS1 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain elusive. Here, we first found that the expression of ADAMTS9-AS1 was significantly upregulated in NSCLC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues using quantitative real time PCR analysis. Clinically, we observed that ADAMTS9-AS1 expression was associated with TNM stage, lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis in NSCLC patients. By performing loss-of-function assay in A549 and 95D cells, our in vitro experiments further showed that knockdown of ADAMTS9-AS1 remarkedly suppressed cell proliferation, caused cell cycle G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis, and inhibited cell migration and invasion in NSCLC cells using CCK-8, colony formation, flow cytometry and transwell assays. Moreover, we found that ADAMTS9-AS1 knockdown downregulated the expression of CDK4, N-cadherin, Vimentin, but upregulated the expression of Bad and E-cadherin. In summary, our results revealed that ADAMTS9-AS1 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of patients with NSCLC.

Guangxi COFCO innovates its annual 200 000 ton cassava ethanol production in recent years. To evaluate the energy input/output of the production process, we used the domestic life cycle model. The calculation results show that the net energy value was 9.56 MJ/L ethanol. Energy input for ethanol production was 51.3% of the total. 61.5% of energy input for ethanol production was used for steam input in ethanol distillation. Energy produced from by-product was 5.03 MJ/L ethanol. Hence, efficient use of raw materials is an important measure to improve the energy efficiency in Guangxi COFCO and energy compensation from byproducts has key impact on the net energy saving.

For energy security, air pollution concerns, coupled with the desire to sustain the agricultural sector and revitalize the rural economy, many countries have applied ethanol as oxygenate or fuel to supplement or replace gasoline in transportation sector. Because of abundant feedstock resources and effective reduction of green-house-gas emissions, the cellulosic ethanol has attracted great attention. With a couple of pioneers beginning to produce this biofuel from biomass in commercial quantities around the world, it is necessary to solve engineering problems and complete the economic assessment in 2015-2016, gradually enter the commercialization stage. To avoid "competing for food with humans and competing for land with food", the 1st generation fuel ethanol will gradually transit to the 2nd generation cellulosic ethanol. Based on the overview of cellulosic ethanol industrialization from domestic and abroad in recent years, the main engineering application problems encountered in pretreatment, enzymes and enzymatic hydrolysis, pentose/hexose co-fermentation strains and processes, equipment were discussed from chemical engineering and biotechnology perspective. The development direction of cellulosic ethanol technology in China was addressed.