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In this paper, all Lie bialgebra structures on the derivation Lie algebra W over a rank d ≥ 3 quantum torus associated to q are considered, where q is a d × d matrix with all the entries being roots of unity. They are shown to be triangular coboundary. As a byproduct, it is also proved that the first cohomology group H1 (W, W ⊗ W) is trivial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bamboo and wood are widely used as food contact materials (FCMs). Fungicides are often applied during the manufacture of these products to prevent mildew; thus, monitoring for fungicide residues is essential because of the possible risks to food safety. However, it is not clear whether residual fungicides in treated bamboo and wood products migrate into food to cause harm to humans, and there is an absence of procedures for these analyses. In this study, the simultaneous determination of fungicides was validated in bamboo and wood FCMs by high-performance liquid chromatography–triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS). The analytes were extracted with methanol or 1:1 methanol/acetonitrile and purified using 25 mg primary secondary amine adsorbent with 2.5 mg graphitized carbon black or 25 mg PSA with 25 mg octadecylsilane (C18). The recoveries for wood and bamboo FCMs were from 60.0% to 100.7% and 70.0% to 97.5%, respectively. The intra-day precision of wood and bamboo FCMs were from 0.1% to 5.3% and 0.1 to 3.0%, and the inter-day precision from 0.3% to 8.5% and 1.2% to 7.8%, respectively. The limits of detection ranged from 0.11 to 15.38 for wood and 0.25–6.19 μg kg−1 for bamboo. This method provides a reference for the determination of fungicides in bamboo and wood FCMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a simple, controllable and mass-produced microcrack technique for stretchable strain sensors is presented. Specifically, the conductive layer (hydroxylated MWCNTs) and the flexible substrate (Ecoflex) of fiber strain flexible sensors are modified based on proton irradiation defect engineering. The evolution of defects in sensitive materials and the density of microcracks in flexible substrates are controlled by controlling the irradiation fluence during the irradiation process. In particular, when the irradiation fluence is 1 × 1014 p cm−2, the gauge factor (GF) of the fiber strain sensor is as high as 1274.8, and the response time and recovery time are reduced by 49.4% and 45.1%, respectively. At the same time, the microcracked structure does not fracture easily under a large strain, the maximum strain being 800%. In addition, fiber strain flexible sensors can also be used to detect biomechanical signals in different scenarios. This simple and efficient microcrack technique opens up a new prospect for the fabrication of high-performance stretchable strain sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, Lie bialgebra structures of the derivation Lie algebra over quantum torus were determined. In this paper, we use the general method of quantization by a Drinfel'd twist to quantize these algebras with their Lie bialgebra structures and present the explicit formulae. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study 2-local superderivations on the Lie superalgebra of Block type S(q), which is an infinite dimensional Lie superalgebra with an outer derivation. We prove that all 2-local superderivations on S(q) are superderivations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within the ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics (UrQMD) model, the effect of initial density fluctuations on cumulants of the net-proton multiplicity distribution in Au + Au Collisions at s N N = 7.7 GeV was investigated by varying the minimum distance d min between two nucleons in the initialization. It was found that the initial density fluctuations increased with the decrease of d min from 1.6 fm to 1.0 fm, and the influence of d min on the magnitude of the net-proton number fluctuation in a narrow pseudorapidity window ( Δ η ≤ 4) was negligible even if it indeed affected the density evolution during the collision. At a broad pseudorapidity window ( Δ η ≥ 4), the cumulant ratios were enlarged when the initial density fluctuations were increased with the smaller value of d min , and this enhancement was comparable to that observed in the presence of the nuclear mean-field potential. Moreover, the enhanced cumulants were more evident in collisions with a larger impact parameter. The present work demonstrates that the fingerprint of the initial density fluctuations on the cumulants in a broad pseudorapidity window is clearly visible, while it is not obvious as the pseudorapidity window becomes narrow. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a previous paper by the authors, we obtain the first example of a finitely freely generated simple Z -graded Lie conformal algebra of linear growth that cannot be embedded into any general Lie conformal algebra. In this paper, we obtain, as a byproduct, another class of such Lie conformal algebras by classifying Z -graded simple Lie conformal algebras G = ⊕ i = − 1 ∞ G i satisfying the following, (1) G 0 ≅ Vir , the Virasoro conformal algebra; (2) Each G i for i ≥ − 1 is a Vir-module of rank one. These algebras include some Lie conformal algebras of Block type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let W (Γ) be a class of not-finitely graded Lie algebras related to generalized Virasoro algebras with basis { L α , i , C   |   α ∈ Γ ,   i ∈ Z + } , which satisfies relations [ L α , i , L β , j ] = (β - α) L α + β , i + j + (j - i) L α + β , i + j + 1 + δ α + β , 0 δ i + j , 0 α 3 - α 12 C and [ C , L α , i ] = 0. In this paper, W (Γ) -modules of the intermediate series satisfying some conditions are constructed and classified. We also obtain modules of the intermediate series over the related Lie superalgebra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the structures of dual Lie bialgebras of twisted Schrödinger-Virasoro type are investigated. By studying the maximal good subspaces, we determine the dual Lie coalgebras of the twisted Schrödinger-Virasoro algebras. Then based on this, we construct the dual Lie bialgebra structures of this type. As by-products, four new infinite dimensional Lie algebras are obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The density ( ρ ) and kinematic viscosity ( v ) in the scope of T  = (298.15 to 323.15) K were systemically studied for 1,4-butanediol (BDO) (1) + dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) binary mixture with various compositions at atmospheric pressure. From the ρ and v values, the dynamic viscosity ( η ) were also obtained. According to the above experimental values, viscosity deviation (∆ η ), excess molar volume ( V m E ), partial molar volumes ( V 1 ¯ and V 2 ¯ ), apparent molar volume ( V φ ,1 and V φ ,2 ) and isostatic pressing thermal expansion ( α p ) were determined. The ρ , V m E and ∆ η values were fitted by using Jouyban-Acree model, Eyring equation, and Redlich-Kister equation, respectively. Additionally, the intermolecular interplay was analyzed using FTIR, NMR, and UV–vis spectra, which suggested the formation of hydrogen bonds between the hydroxyl H atoms in BDO and the O atoms in DMSO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let be the Lie algebra of Block type with basis {Li,j | i,j ∈ ℤ} and relations [Li,j, Lk,l] = ((j + 1)k - (l + 1)i)Li+k,j+l. Since is ℤ2-graded, it is natural to study ℤ2-graded modules over . In this paper, ℤ2-graded -modules of the intermediate series are classified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For any complex parameters a, b, let be the Lie algebra with basis {Li,Hi | i ∈ ℤ} and relations [Li,Lj]=(j-i)Li+j, [Li,Hj]=(a+j+bi)Hi+j and [Hi,Hj]=0. In this paper, we construct the conformal algebra for some a, b and its conformal module of rank one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) with its low cost, excellent electrochemical stability and large specific surface area is expected to replace noble metals such as platinum as a new type of high-efficiency electrocatalyst. Since it is very difficult to effectively improve the catalytic performance only from intrinsic materials, we used the 60Co γ-ray as the irradiation source to modify thin layer MoS2 nanosheets (MoS2 NSs), and explore the irradiation effect and the mechanism of catalytic performance improvement. The structure–activity relationship was investigated in depth by characterizing the morphology and structure of MoS2 NSs before and after γ-ray irradiation, combined with the changes in HER performance. The results show that the irradiation-induced defects are dominated by sulfur (S) vacancies, which can efficiently regulate the intrinsic electronic structure of MoS2 NSs. The introduction of defects increases the number of active sites on the surface of nanosheets and improves the reaction kinetics, optimizing the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance. When the irradiation dose is too large, we reveal that the oxygen atoms passivate the S vacancies in the MoS2 NSs and cause the concentration of S vacancies to decrease, resulting in the reduction of electrocatalytic performance. It is concluded that the appropriate irradiation dose is the key factor to improve the HER performance of MoS2 NSs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, electron irradiation as a novel and simple method was used to fabricate wearable strain sensors with high comprehensive performance. Hydroxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (hydroxylated MWCNTs) were uniformly adsorbed on ecoflex etched by hydrofluoric acid (HF). After electron irradiation, a large number of defects and functional groups were successfully introduced into the hydroxylated MWCNTs/ecoflex, leading to a flexible strain sensor with high comprehensive performance such as ultra-low detection limit, fast response, and wide sensing range. Compared with the unirradiated sensors, the irradiated sensors have an ultra-low detection limit of 0.01% and a wide strain range (the maximum strain of 800%), the maximum gauge factor is increased by 344%, and the response time and recovery time are reduced by 50% and 89.2% respectively. The sensors can be used for monitoring the weak physiological movements and large-scale human movements, which has great potential in health monitoring. The electron irradiation as an activate method can provide a way for mass fabrication of flexible sensors with high comprehensive performance such as ultra-low detection limit and wide sensing range. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we obtain a class of Z -graded conformal algebras which is induced by Heisenberg-Virasoro conformal algebra. More precisely, we classify Z -graded conformal algebras L = ⊕ i = − 1 ∞ L i satisfying the following conditions, (C1) L 0 is the Heisenberg-Virasoro conformal algebra; (C2) Each L i for i ∈ Z ≥ − 1 ⁎ is an L 0 -module of rank one; (C3) [ X − 1 λ X i ] ≠ 0 for i ≥ 0 , where X i is any one of C [ ∂ ] -generators of L i for i ∈ Z ≥ − 1. Further, we prove that all finite nontrivial irreducible modules of these algebras under some special conditions are free of rank one as a C [ ∂ ] -module. The conformal derivations of this class of graded Lie conformal algebras are also determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we realize Verma modules and the vector-coherent-state (VCS) representations of the orthosymplectic Lie superalgebra osp(2|2n) as differential operators with vector coefficients. We also characterize simple sub-representations of VCS representations as kernels of some finite number of differential operators. The singular vectors of the atypical representation of osp(2|2n) are explicitly given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Let G be a filtered Lie conformal algebra whose associated graded conformal algebra is isomorphic to that of general conformal algebra . In this paper, we prove that or (the associated graded conformal algebra of ), by making use of some results on the second cohomology groups of the conformal algebra with coefficients in its module of rank 1, where is the semi-direct sum of the Virasoro conformal algebra Vir with its module . Furthermore, we prove that does not have a nontrivial representation on a finite -module, this provides an example of a finitely freely generated simple Lie conformal algebra of linear growth that cannot be embedded into the general conformal algebra for any N. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Lie bialgebra structures on Lie algebras of generalized Weyl type are studied. They are shown to be triangular coboundary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we use the quantization technique by a Drinfel'd twist to quantize the Lie superalgebra of Witt type, whose Lie super-bialgebra structures were recently determined by Yue and Zhu, and we obtain a new class of non-commutative and non-cocommutative Hopf superalgebras. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The density (ρ), viscosity (η) and surface tension (γ) of 1, 3-propanediamine (1, 3-PDA) and tetraethylene glycol (T 4 EG) binary mixtures at different temperatures (T = 293.15–318.15 K) were measured. Based on the density data, the excess molar volume (V m E ), partial molar volume (V ¯ m , i), the excess Gibbs free energy (∆G ⁎E ) and thermal expansion coefficient (α p) of binary mixtures were calculated. Viscosity values (η) can be used to analyze the friction between fluids, and can be used in the design and application of chemical process equipment. Surface tension (γ) can be used to analyze intermolecular forces. The results were fitted to the Redli-Kister (RK) equation. The excess properties were analyzed from interaction at T 4 EG (1) + 1, 3-PDA (2) binary mixtures. According to the Gaussian calculation, the hydrogen bonding with 1.2 Å −3.0 Å bond length occurred in binary mixtures attributed to the positive dissociation energy of the binary mixtures. The results were further confirmed by FTIR and UV–vis and fluorescence spectra, the hydrogen bonds interaction mode was described as following: ⋯HOC 2 H 4 OC 2 H 4 OC 2 H 4 OC 2 H 4 OH⋯N(H 2)C 3 H 6 (H 2)N⋯. • Densities and excess volumes for the T 4 EG (1) + 1, 3-PDA (2) binary system. • Viscosities and viscosity deviation for the T 4 EG (1) + 1, 3-PDA (2) binary system. • surface tension and surface tension deviation for the T 4 EG (1) + 1, 3-PDA (2) binary system. • Intermolecular interaction analyzed as·HOC 2 H 4 OC 2 H 4 OC 2 H 4 OC 2 H 4 OH···N(H 2)C 3 H 6 (H 2)N···. • This work enriches the thermodynamic database, but also provides the reference for its application in chemical industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dynamic viscosity (v), density (ρ), and surface tension (γ) of the 1,3-propanediol (1,3-PDO) (1) + 1,2-propanediamine (1,2-PDA) (2) binary system with different ratios were studied at the temperature range of 293.15 to 318.15 K and atmospheric pressure. After that, the corresponding v iscosity (η) values were calculated from the experimental v and ρ values. From these basic data, viscosity deviation (∆η), surface tension deviation (∆ γ), excess molar volume (V m E ), apparent molar volume (V φ,1 and V φ,2), partial molar volume (V 1 ¯ and V 2 ¯), and isostatic thermal expansion coefficient (α p) were calculated. The V m E , ∆η , and ∆γ values were used to assess the standard deviations (σ) by using the Redlich-Kister (R-K) equation. In addition, combined with FTIR, UV–Vis, FLS, and 1H NMR technologies, the interaction analysis between 1,3-PDO and 1,2-PDA concluded that the intermolecular hydrogen bonding in the system existed as the possible form of -O-H···N-. • Densities and excess volumes for the 1,3-PDO (1) + 1,2-PDA (2) binary system • Viscosities and viscosity deviation for the 1,3-PDO (1) + 1,2-PDA (2) binary system • Surface tension and surface tension deviation for the 1,3-PDO (1) + 1,2-PDA (2) binary system • Intermolecular interaction analyzed as -O-H⋯N- [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• ·A quick way to check errors. • ·To obtain more accurate partial molar volume values • ·To fit with the Redlich-Kister polynomialmolar volume [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the past two decades, a large number of organic sulfur compounds such as CS 2 have been released into the atmosphere, which has caused some impacts on the environment. At present, most of the industrial treatment methods of CS 2 have a series of problems, such as high energy consumption, the use of catalysts and additional treatment of by-products, which are not advisable from the economic point of view. Therefore, in this work, a method of efficient and rapid storage of CS 2 by EDAs + EGs ionic liquid systems at room temperature and pressure without catalyst were proposed. At the same time, the change trend of temperature and conductivity of EDAs + EGs systems during CS 2 storage were determined. Secondly, in order to realize the resource utilization of CS 2 SM, the mechanism of EDAs + EGs system storage CS 2 and the properties of CS 2 SM were further studied by NMR, FTIR, XPS, XRD and other modern spectral techniques. The results showed that white precipitate with high melting point (127–224 °C) and high thermal stability were formed after CS 2 is stored in the systems. These white precipitates had a similar chemical structure ([+H 3 NR 1 NH 3 +−SC(=S)OR 2 (R 3)O(S =)CS−] n), which were named as carbon disulfide storage material (CS 2 SM). Furthermore, CS 2 SMs were used as raw materials to one-step synthesize nano-metal sulfides (MSs) with excellent photocatalytic activity in the reduction of CO 2. This provides a new method for the rapid storage and utilization of CS 2 , and it also has important practical significance for reducing CS 2 emissions and realizing effective utilization of CS 2. This efficient, green and universally applicable CS 2 capture method is of great significance to reduce its hazards and obtain valuable chemicals. Image 1 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide (2D MoS2) has great application prospects in the field of optoelectronic devices. Defect engineering is an effective way to regulate the electronic and optical properties of 2D MoS2. However, defect controlling on 2D materials remains a major challenge. Fluorine, as the most electronegative element, may cause many interesting phenomena after doping in 2D materials. So far, there have been no reports on the effect of fluoride ion (F− ion) irradiation on 2D material properties. In this paper, the monolayer MoS2 (ML-MoS2) synthesized by the chemical vapor deposition method was taken as the research object, and defects with controllable densities were produced by 30 keV F− ion irradiation, in which the defects were dominated by S vacancies. Based on Raman, photoluminescence, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, it is shown that the ion irradiation-induced defects significantly affect the optoelectronic properties of MoS2. We also observed the p-doping of ML-MoS2, which is attributed to the introduction of F− ions and the electron transfer from MoS2 to O2 at defect adsorption sites. This study reveals that 2D materials could be effectively doped or compensated using irradiation technology, potentially fabricating novel 2D electrical devices through defect engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we developed and validated a three-dimensional fluorescence method for the determination of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA-2Na) in pickles and canned mixed congee by forming a ternary fluorescent complex of zirconium-quercetin-EDTA. The complexation reaction conditions and fluorescence scanning parameters were optimized. During the fluorescent complexation reaction, reagent NH 3 and anhydrous ethanol were used to enhance the fluorescence intensity. The analysis of EDTA-2Na by fluorescence scanning was accomplished within 3 min. Under these conditions, satisfactory linearities were obtained (R2 ≥ 0.99) with limit of detection (LOD) of 0.19 µg mL-1. The recoveries were 79.8–113.2%, with relative standard deviations (RSD) below 9.7%. The relative error of fluorescence compared with HPLC-DAD detection was less than 13.5%, indicating that the results of both methods were consistent. Thus, a convenient and accurate method was established to analyze EDTA-2Na in pickles and canned mixed congee, providing a new option to rapidly monitor EDTA-2Na in foods for ensuring food safety. [Display omitted] • A new and rapid 3D fluorescence method was developed for analyzing EDTA-2Na. • Zirconium-quercetin-EDTA complexation and fluorescence scanning were optimized. • 3D fluorescence results were validated by HPLC. • The method was applied to different pickles and canned mixed congee samples. • The method provides support for monitoring the use of EDTA-2Na in foods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The density (ρ) and kinematic viscosity (v) data of polyethylene glycol 300 (PEG) + N, N-Dimethylformamide (DMF) binary mixture were determined under atmospheric pressure and six temperatures of T = (293.15–318.15) K. From these experimental results, the thermodynamic parameters like excess molar volume (VmE), apparent molar volume (Vφ,1 and Vφ,2) and partial molar volume ( V 1 ‾ and V 2 ‾ ), viscosity deviation (Δη) and excess Gibbs activation free energy (ΔG*E) were systemically counted, in which the standard deviation between the experimental and calculated data was estimated by fitting the Redlich-Kister formula. The intermolecular interaction of DMF with PEG was analysed by FTIR and UV-vis spectral technologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The density (ρ) and dynamic v iscosity (v) data of the N , N ‑dimethylformamide (DMF) + triethylene glycol (TEG) binary mixtures were measured in the entire mole fraction at five equidistant temperatures from (293.15 to 318.15) K under atmospheric pressure. On the basis of ρ and v data, he apparent molar volume (V φ ,1 and V φ ,2), partial molar volume (V 1 ¯ and V 2 ¯), excess molar volume (V m E ), viscosity deviation (Δ η), and excess volume expansivity rate (α E ) values were calculated. In the whole molar fraction range, all the V m E values were negative and presented the minimum values at x 1 ≈ 0.43. To explore intermolecular interaction between DMF and TEG, pure DMF, pure TEG and their mixtures were characterized by FTIR, UV–Vis, and 1H NMR technologies. The consequences suggested that hydrogen bond between hydroxyl H atoms of TEG and O atoms of DMF was formed as follows: (CH 3) 2 N CH O⋯HO CH 2 CH 2 O CH 2 CH 2 O CH 2 CH 2 OH⋯O CH N(CH 3) 2. Highlights • Densities and excess volumes for the binary system of DMF + TEG were reported. • Viscosities and viscosity deviation for the binary system of DMF + TEG were reported. • Intermolecular interaction was discussed as CH 2 OH⋯O CH N(CH 3) 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Density ( ρ ), viscosity ( η ) and surface tension ( γ ) are always significant physicochemical properties for liquid mixtures. In this work, the ρ , η and γ data for the liquid mixture of tetraethylene glycol (T 4 EG) +  N , N -dimethylformamide (DMF) were systemically measured from 293.15 to 318.15 K with a step of 5 K and p  = 0.1 MPa. From these physicochemical properties, viscosity deviation ( ∆η ), excess molar volume ( V m E ), and surface tension deviation (∆ γ ) were calculated. Meanwhile, V m E , ∆η and ∆ γ of activation functions were fitted with Redlich-Kister (R-K) equation to evaluate the coefficients and standard deviations. The η values of the liquid mixtures were fitted with Grunberg and Nissan equation and three-body McAllister expression. UV–vis and FTIR spectra were measured to discuss the intermolecular interaction of T 4 EG with DMF, which indicated that there was hydrogen bonds interaction between hydroxyl hydrogen atoms in T 4 EG and oxygen atoms in DMF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the derivation algebra and the automorphism group of the twisted N=2 superconformal algebra are completely determined. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let L be a Lie algebra of Block type over ℂ with basis {Lα,i | α,i ∈ ℤ} and brackets [Lα,i,Lβ,j]=(β(i+1)-α(j+1)) Lα+β,i+j. In this paper, we first construct a formal distribution Lie algebra of L. Then we decide its conformal algebra B with ℂ[∂]-basis {Lα(w) | α ∈ ℤ} and λ-brackets [Lα(w)λ Lβ(w)]= (α∂+(α+β)λ) Lα+β(w). Finally, we give a classification of free intermediate series B-modules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The first cohomology group of generalized loop Virasoro algebras with coefficients in the tensor product of its adjoint module is shown to be trivial. The result is used to prove that Lie bialgebra structures on generalized loop Virasoro algebras are coboundary triangular. The authors generalize the results to generalized map Virasoro algebras. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global crystal basis or canonical basis plays an important role in the theory of the quantum groups and their representations. The tight monomials are the simplest elements in the canonical basis. Based on Lusztig and Xi''s work, the regions of tight monomials in quantized enveloping algebra of type A4 are determined in this paper. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

• To revise the calculation of partial molar volumes and the pure molar volume. • To present the revised Tables 9 and 15. • To recalculate the pure molar volumes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hierarchical nanoporous ε-MnO2 crystals were prepared through thermal decomposition of hydrothermally-synthesized MnCO3 precursors without any external templates or surfactants. Through reactant altering, cubes, nano-block aggregated microspheres and nanoparticle aggregated microspheres of ε-MnO2 could be selectively generated. After preparation of ε-MnO2, the filtrate containing triethylene glycol (TEG) and ethylene diamine (EDA) could be reused to synthesize the MnCO3 precursor. Since the thermal decomposition of the MnCO3 precursor not only led to formation of a hierarchical ε-MnO2 structure but also increased the specific surface area, the catalytic performance of the formed ε-MnO2 in the oxidation of formaldehyde (HCHO) was enhanced. The specific surface area of nanoparticle aggregated microspheres was 168.3 m2 g−1 in which HCHO conversion could remain above 96% over 72 h with 160 ppm HCHO and 84 000 mL g−1 h−1 of gas hourly space velocity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The density (ρ) and viscosity (η) of 1,2‑propylene glycol (PPD) + dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) mixtures were measured at atmospheric pressure from (293.15 to 318.15) K. Based on experimental data, viscosity deviations, excess molar volumes values, partial molar volumes, apparent molar volumes and excessive Gibbs free energy were calculated by Redlich-Kister equation, Jouyban-Acree model, the least square method and other formulas. Meanwhile, FTIR, UV–Vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to analyze the intermolecular interactions, which proved that the S O had a destructive effect on the hydrogen bond between OH and OH in PPD, and the S O also formed new hydrogen bond with OH, which expressed as (CH 3) 2 S O⋯HOCH 2 CH(CH 3)OH⋯O S (CH 3) 2. Highlights • Densities and viscosities for the binary system of PPT (1) + DMSO (2) were measured. • Excess properties for the binary system of PPT (1) + DMSO (2) were reported. • Excessive Gibbs free energy was calculated by Redlich-Kister equation. • Intermolecular interaction was deduced as (CH 3) 2 S O⋯HOCH 2 CH(CH 3)OH⋯O S (CH 3) 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In biomineralization, organisms have the abilities to produce biominerals with superior properties. One of the most attractive features of biominerals is the presence of the proteins consisting of different contents of amino acids in crystals. In the present work, L-phenylalanine (Phe) was used as an additive for the controllable crystallization of calcium carbonate (CaCO 3). The obtained CaCO 3 crystals were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), elemental analysis and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The experimental results suggest that single calcite crystals are formed at low Phe concentrations. High concentrations of Phe inhibit the nucleation and growth of calcite, and promote the formation of vaterite crystals with solid or hollow structures. The morphology and crystal form of CaCO 3 are also significantly affected by the flow rate of CO 2. After that, a possible mechanism (competition mechanism) action of Phe in the formation of CaCO 3 is proposed. Finally, the effects of temperature on the formation of vaterite were determined to explore the growth mechanism of hexagonal vaterite. The work of controlling the preparation of CaCO 3 crystals in the presence of Phe will help us to imitate and learn nature, and bring new insights into understanding bionics. Meanwhile, it provides a new method for the synthesis of CaCO 3 biomaterials with different crystal forms and morphologies. Unlabelled Image • Biomimetic synthesis of calcium carbonate the action of Phe • Bulk calcite is formed at low Phe concentrations • Solid or hollow vaterite microsphere is obtained at high Phe concentrations • The flow rate of CO 2 and temperature exhibit significant effects on CaCO 3 • A possible mechanism action of Phe in the formation of CaCO 3 is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• SiO 3 2− from coal gangue to prepare four nano-materials for CO 2 adsorption. • A high SiO 3 2− leaching rate of 77.69% from coal gangue. • Optimal preparing conditions for nano-materials by surface response analysis. • Four nanomaterials with high capability for recycle CO 2 capture with high selectivity. As one of the most important approaches to reduce CO 2 emission from various combustion processes, CO 2 adsorption capture is facing several many challenges, including high adsorbent cost, high energy cost, and low CO 2 selectivity. In this work, four novel silicate-based nanomaterials (SBNMs), including magnesium silicate (MgSiO 3), manganese silicate (MnSiO 3), copper silicate (CuSiO 3) and zirconium silicate (ZrSiO 4), were fabricated via hydrothermal method with SiO 3 2− extracted from coal gangue (CG) for the adsorption capture of CO 2. Under the optimum conditions, the SiO 3 2− extraction ratio from the CG reached to 77.69%. The extracted SiO 3 2− was used to synthesize SBNMs with high surface area and high thermal stability, which were characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms technologies. These as-obtained SBNMs exhibited CO 2 adsorption capability of (7.82–17.93) cm3/g at 25 °C under 1 atm, respectively. The CO 2 adsorption data were successfully fitted with Freundlich model, and the adsorption processes were obvious chemically favored, spontaneous and exothermic according to thermodynamic parameters, including Qst, Δ G ads , Δ H ads and Δ S ads. Significantly, all SBNMs showed a excellent cycle performance and strong selectivity toward CO 2 over N 2. The aim of this work is to provide a new method of utilization of coal gangue waste and a low-cost, and highly selective CO 2 adsorbents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Some parameters fixed resulting in some wrong results. • To obtain more accurate partial molar volume values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]