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Abstract With the global land use/land cover (LULC) and climate change, the ecological resilience (ER) in typical Karst areas has become the focus of attention. Its future development trend and its spatial response to natural and anthropogenic factors are crucial for understanding the changes of ecologically fragile areas to human behavior. However, there is still a lack of relevant quantitative research. The study systematically analyzed the characteristics of LULC changes in Southwest China with typical Karst over the past 20 years. Drawing on the landscape ecology research paradigm, a potential-elasticity-stability ER assessment model was constructed. Revealing the characteristics and heterogeneity of the spatial distribution, annual evolution, and development trend of ER in the past and under different scenarios of shared socioeconomic pathways and representative concentration pathways (SSP-RCP) in the future. In addition, the spatial econometric model was utilized to reveal the spatial effect response mechanism of ER, and adaptive development strategies were proposed to promote the sustainable development of Southwest China. The study found that : (1) In the past 20 years, the LULC in Southwest China showed an accelerated change trend, the ER decreased declined in general, and there was significant spatial heterogeneity, showing the spatial distribution pattern of “west is larger than east, south is larger than north, and reduction in the west was slower than that in the east.” (2) Under the same SSP scenario, with the increase of RCP emission concentration, the area of the lowest-resilience increased significantly, and the area of the highest-resilience decreased. (3) The woodland was the largest contributor to ER per unit area in the Southwest China, and grassland was the main LULC type, which had a prominent impact on the ER of the study area. (4) The average precipitation and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) were significant natural drivers of ER in the study area, and the economic growth, innovation, and optimization of industrial structure contributed to the ER of Southwest China. Overall, the integration of quantitative assessment and multi-scenario-based modeling not only provides new perspectives for understanding the pattern of change and response mechanisms, but also provides valuable references for other typical Karst regions around the world to achieve sustainable development.

Abstract Background The urban green infrastructure (GI) network is an important conduit for ecological flows and plays a crucial role in improving regional habitats, especially in karst areas that are highly ecologically fragile and sensitive. However, the existing research only focuses on the construction of GI network in karst mountain cities, and the evolution characteristics of its elements and driving mechanism are not clear, which is of great significance for guiding urban land use planning and comprehensively improving the quality of the ecological environment. In view of this, this study took Qianzhong urban agglomeration as the study area, based on multi-source data, and identified ecological sources through ecological resilience analysis. Considering the special geographic environment, the rock exposure rate factor was added to correct the resistance surface, and the minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) and gravity model were coupled to extract the GI network. The complex network topology characterization parameter was introduced to assess the spatial and temporal variations of ecological sources and corridors. Finally, the geographical detector was used to identify the dominant influencing factors and interactions of the spatial distribution of the GI network. Results The results showed that from 2000 to 2020, the condition of GI network elements in the study area presented a decreasing and then an increasing trend. The ecological sources or corridors in highly urbanized areas were critical for ecological flow transport and the overall structural stability of the GI network. The influence of natural factors on the spatial distribution of the GI network gradually weakened, and the influence of human factors continuously increased. The spatial distribution of the GI network was influenced by multiple factors, and the interaction between all the factors was enhanced, which gradually changed from the interaction of natural factors to the interaction of human factors during the study period. Conclusions The research results will provide scientific references for the construction of an ecologically safe environment and sustainable development of karst mountain cities.

The recent discovery of large oil and gas fields in the deep-water of the Senegal Basin has drawn global attention. Despite this, several exploration wells in this area fail, which can be primarily contributed to a lack of understanding of the basin's structures and hydrocarbon accumulation conditions. This study examines these characteristics utilizing gravity, seismic and drilling data, and finally makes a comparison with the Cote d’Ivoire Basin, a typical transform margin basin in the South Atlantic. The results suggest that the Senegal Basin, influenced by multiple transform faults and a weak Paleozoic basement, experienced three evolutionary stages: rifting, transitional, and drifting. Each stage contributed to the development of distinct depositional sequences - syn-rift sequences, sag sequences, and continental margin sequences, respectively. The Triassic - Early Jurassic rifting stage predominantly formed continental deposits, like fluvial, lacustrine, and deltaic deposits, in the syn-rift sequences. The Middle-Late Jurassic transitional stage, influenced by transform faults, witnessed the formation of marginal ridges or submarine uplift zones. These zones, in conjunction with landward high terrains, formed a restricted environment promoting the development of source rocks in the sag sequences. During the drifting stage, three types of reservoirs, namely platform carbonate rocks, deltas, and slope-floor fans were formed. Notably, large-scale hydrocarbon reservoirs have been found in the deltas and the slope-floor fans both in the Senegal Basin and the Cote d’Ivoire Basin. The Upper Jurassic - Aptian platforms exhibit thick carbonate rocks and organic reefs on their edges, suggesting substantial potential for hydrocarbon exploration in the Senegal Basin.

The consumption value seems to be insufficient to explain consumers' domestic electric vehicle purchase behaviour, especially in a highly competitive global environment. This study aims to investigate how consumer ethnocentrism and perceived interactivity influence consumption value and pro-environmental value, subsequently affecting attitude and intention. A total of 353 valid questionnaires were collected through convenience sampling in Xuzhou, China, and the partial least square (PLS) path modelling approach was performed to test the hypotheses. The results show that consumer ethnocentrism and perceived interactivity positively influence function value, emotional value, and social value; perceived interactivity also positively influences altruistic value, biospheric value, and collectivistic value. Function value, social value, and collectivistic value positively influence attitude; however, emotional value, altruistic value and biospheric value did not find a correlation with attitude. Furthermore, attitude positively influences intention to adopt domestic electric vehicles. Finally, the theoretical and practical implications, as well as limitations were discussed accordingly.

The MS6.8 earthquake occurred in Luding County, Ganzi Prefecture, Sichuan Province, China at 12:52 p.m. on Sept. 5, 2022, is preliminarily analyzed in terms of regional tectonics, historical earthquakes, sequence characteristics and focal mechanism solutions. The results show that: 1) The magnitude difference ΔM between the main shock and the maximum aftershock, the energy ratio ER of the main shock to the aftershocks, the p-value and the estimated Mmax-value indicate that the MS6.8 Luding earthquake sequence can be divided into the main shock-aftershock type (MAT). 2) The spatial distribution of the aftershocks, their corresponding b-value and expected maximum magnitude are obviously segmented, which reflect the complexity of the seismogenic tectonics. 3) According to the focal mechanisms obtained from the HASH program, the geometry distribution of the sequence, and the relationship between the sequence and the nearby faults, it can be inferred that the Moxi fault segment of the Xianshuihe fault zone is the seismogenic tectonics of the MS6.8 Luding earthquake sequence.

Abstract Objective To investigate the value of differential diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and non-hepatocellular carcinoma (non-HCC) based on CT and MR multiphase radiomics combined with different machine learning models and compare the diagnostic efficacy between different radiomics models. Background Primary liver cancer is one of the most common clinical malignancies, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common subtype of primary liver cancer, accounting for approximately 90% of cases. A clear diagnosis of HCC is important for the individualized treatment of patients with HCC. However, more sophisticated diagnostic modalities need to be explored. Methods This retrospective study included 211 patients with liver lesions: 97 HCC and 124 non-hepatocellular carcinoma (non-HCC) who underwent CT and MRI. Imaging data were used to obtain imaging features of lesions and radiomics regions of interest (ROI). The extracted imaging features were combined to construct different radiomics models. The clinical data and imaging features were then combined with radiomics features to construct the combined models. Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-nearest Neighbor (KNN), RandomForest (RF), eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost), Light Gradient Boosting Machine (LightGBM), Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) six machine learning models were used for training. Five-fold cross-validation was used to train the models, and ROC curves were used to analyze the diagnostic efficacy of each model and calculate the accuracy rate. Model training and efficacy test were performed as before. Results Statistical analysis showed that some clinical data (gender and concomitant cirrhosis) and imaging features (presence of envelope, marked enhancement in the arterial phase, rapid contouring in the portal phase, uniform density/signal and concomitant steatosis) were statistical differences (P

Abstract Diet, serving as a vital source of nutrients, exerts a profound influence on human health and disease progression. Recently, dietary interventions have emerged as promising adjunctive treatment strategies not only for cancer but also for neurodegenerative diseases, autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and metabolic disorders. These interventions have demonstrated substantial potential in modulating metabolism, disease trajectory, and therapeutic responses. Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of malignant progression, and a deeper understanding of this phenomenon in tumors and its effects on immune regulation is a significant challenge that impedes cancer eradication. Dietary intake, as a key environmental factor, can influence tumor metabolism. Emerging evidence indicates that dietary interventions might affect the nutrient availability in tumors, thereby increasing the efficacy of cancer treatments. However, the intricate interplay between dietary interventions and the pathogenesis of cancer and other diseases is complex. Despite encouraging results, the mechanisms underlying diet-based therapeutic strategies remain largely unexplored, often resulting in underutilization in disease management. In this review, we aim to illuminate the potential effects of various dietary interventions, including calorie restriction, fasting-mimicking diet, ketogenic diet, protein restriction diet, high-salt diet, high-fat diet, and high-fiber diet, on cancer and the aforementioned diseases. We explore the multifaceted impacts of these dietary interventions, encompassing their immunomodulatory effects, other biological impacts, and underlying molecular mechanisms. This review offers valuable insights into the potential application of these dietary interventions as adjunctive therapies in disease management.

IntroductionSeasonal human coronavirus NL63 (HCoV-NL63) is a frequently encountered virus linked to mild upper respiratory infections. However, its potential to cause more severe or widespread disease remains an area of concern. This study aimed to investigate a rare localized epidemic of HCoV-NL63-induced respiratory infections among pediatric patients in Guilin, China, and to understand the viral subtype distribution and genetic characteristics.MethodsIn this study, 83 pediatric patients hospitalized with acute respiratory infections and positive for HCoV-NL63 were enrolled. Molecular analysis was conducted to identify the viral subgenotypes and to assess genetic variations in the receptor-binding domain of the spiking protein.ResultsAmong the 83 HCoV-NL63-positive children, three subgenotypes were identified: C4, C3, and B. Notably, 21 cases exhibited a previously unreported subtype, C4. Analysis of the C4 subtype revealed a unique amino acid mutation (I507L) in the receptor-binding domain of the spiking protein, which was also observed in the previously reported C3 genotype. This mutation may suggest potential increases in viral transmissibility and pathogenicity.DiscussionThe findings of this study highlight the rapid mutation dynamics of HCoV-NL63 and its potential for increased virulence and epidemic transmission. The presence of a unique mutation in the C4 subtype, shared with the C3 genotype, raises concerns about the virus’s evolving nature and its potential public health implications. This research contributes valuable insights into the understanding of HCoV-NL63’s epidemiology and pathogenesis, which is crucial for effective disease prevention and control strategies. Future studies are needed to further investigate the biological significance of the observed mutation and its potential impact on the virus’s transmissibility and pathogenicity.

Scientific planning of landscape ecological networks can promote the overall improvement of urban ecosystems, but the current basis on single index and simple landscape ecological network extraction is not enough to support sustainable urban development. Comprehensively understanding the mechanism of landscape ecosystem operation, this study firstly constructed an urban landscape ecological health (LEH) assessment model integrating pattern, process, and function. Taking Harbin central city as the study area, conducting a LEH practical assessment to provide a scientific basis for its landscape ecological network planning. Secondly, the principal component analysis (PCA), minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model, and hydrological analysis were applied to extract the landscape ecological network. Finally, introducing complex network theory to optimize the network and determine key ecological nodes. The results indicated that (1) The LEH index of Harbin central city decreased from 0.481 to 0.446 from 2011 to 2020, with significant spatial differentiation. (2) 50 source landscapes and 8 sink landscapes were identified, with fewer ecological corridors, 50 source-type ecological nodes and 28 weak-type ecological nodes were selected. (3) Based on the LDF strategy of complex network theory, there were 14 additional ecological corridors, the connectivity and resilience of the landscape ecological network were greatly enhanced, and eight key ecological nodes were identified. (4) The plan presented a spatial pattern consisting of “three rings, four pieces, eight cores, and multiple corridors”, which can maintain the sustainable development of the urban ecosystem. In addition, this study aims to propose a more scientific and efficient landscape ecological network planning framework to provide new ideas for the ecological construction of the central city areas, which are the most profoundly urbanized in the world.

Abstract Background Echovirus 30 is prone to cause hand-foot-and-mouth disease in infants and children. However, molecular epidemiologic information on the spread of E30 in southwestern China remains limited. In this study, we determined and analyzed the whole genomic sequences of E30 strains isolated from the stools of patients with hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Yunnan Province, China, in 2019. Methods E30 isolates were obtained from fecal samples of HFMD patients. The whole genomes were sequenced by segmented PCR and analyzed for phylogeny, mutation and recombination. MEGA and DNAStar were used to align the present isolates with the reference strains. The VP1 sequence of the isolates were analyzed for selection pressure using datamonkey server. Results The complete genome sequences of four E30 were obtained from this virus isolation. Significant homologous recombination signals in the P2-3’UTR region were found in all four isolates with other serotypes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the four E30 isolates belonged to lineage H. Comparison of the VP1 sequences of these four isolates with other E30 reference strains using three selection pressure analysis models FUBAR, FEL, and MEME, revealed a positive selection site at 133rd position. Conclusions This study extends the whole genome sequence of E30 in GenBank, in which mutations and recombinations have driven the evolution of E30 and further improved and enriched the genetic characteristics of E30, providing fundamental data for the prevention and control of diseases caused by E30. Furthermore, we demonstrated the value of continuous and extensive surveillance of enterovirus serotypes other than the major HFMD-causing viruses.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the most common metabolic disease of the liver, characterized by hepatic steatosis in more than 5% of hepatocytes. However, despite the recent approval of the first drug, resmetirom, for the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis, decades of target exploration and hundreds of clinical trials have failed, highlighting the urgent need to find new druggable targets for the discovery of innovative drug candidates against MASLD. Here, we found that glutathione S-transferase alpha 1 (GSTA1) expression was negatively associated with lipid droplet accumulation in vitro and in vivo. Overexpression of GSTA1 significantly attenuated oleic acid-induced steatosis in hepatocytes or high-fat diet-induced steatosis in the mouse liver. The hepatoprotective and anti-inflammatory drug bicyclol also attenuated steatosis by upregulating GSTA1 expression. A detailed mechanism showed that GSTA1 directly interacts with fatty acid binding protein 1 (FABP1) and facilitates the degradation of FABP1, thereby inhibiting intracellular triglyceride synthesis by impeding the uptake and transportation of free fatty acids. Conclusion: GSTA1 may be a good target for the discovery of innovative drug candidates as GSTA1 stabilizers or enhancers against MASLD.

Objective To statistically analyze the re-entry test and blood re-donation of HBV, HCV, TP and HIV single-reagent reactive blood donors in Hohhot from 2019 to 2021, so as to demonstrate the rationality, feasibility and necessity of the re-entry strategy of voluntary blood donors in Hohhot, and provide theoretical support for further standardizing of the reentry of blood donors. Methods A total of 225 samples of blood donors who applied for re-entry in Hohhot from 2019 to 2021 were collected, and HBV, HCV and HIV were tested by two reagent serological tests and nucleic acid tests. TP anti-TP was detected by two reagent serological methods. The test results were all non-reactive and met the requirements of re-entry. The blood donation status of blood donors after re-entry was followed up and analyzed. Results Among the 225 cases detected for HBV, HCV, TP and HIV from 2019 to 2021 in Hohhot, 178 were qualified for the returning, with a re-entry rate of 79.11%, and 75 donated blood again, with a after re-entry re-donation rate of 42.13%. Conclusion The strategy of returning for HBV, HCV, TP and HIV single reagent reactive blood donors in Hohhot is effective, and has positive significance for safeguarding the rights and interests of blood donors and alleviating regional blood supply shortages.

Abstract This study aimed to explore the mediating and moderating effects of resilience and perseverance on pilots’ self-efficacy and capability of handling special situations. Using cluster sampling, 251 pilots’ self-efficacy, special flight situation handling capability, resilience and perseverance were assessed using standardized scales. Pilots with high self-efficacy can improve their resilience to enhance their capability to handle special situations. An analysis was performed that included perseverance in the mediation model, and results showed that the influence of self-efficacy on special situation handling through resilience was moderated by perseverance. The relations between self-efficacy and special flight situation handling capability present a moderated mediation model. A pilot’s capability of handling special situations, ensuring flight safety and combat capability may be enhanced by improving their self-efficacy, resilience, and perseverance.

The Garzê–Yushu fault is a large active NW-trending strike-slip fault on the Tibetan Plateau, along which strong earthquakes have frequently occurred historically. Together with the Xianshuihe fault, the Garzê–Yushu fault constitutes the northern boundary of the Sichuan–Yunnan block, and it is also the boundary between the Bayan Har and Qiangtang blocks. The Abuduo fault is a near E–W-trending fault on the southern side of the Garzê–Yushu fault. Through remote sensing image interpretation and field seismic geological investigations, this study found a series of left-lateral displacement landforms and well-preserved seismic surface rupture zones along the Abuduo fault, extending over a distance of approximately 65 km from Abuduo through Yushu and Qinghai to Selikou Village. According to the geological and geomorphological evidence, the Abuduo fault is considered a left-lateral strike-slip fault with Holocene activity, which has tectonic conditions suitable for breeding and generating strong earthquakes. Additionally, the eastward extension of the Abuduo fault is likely to intersect the Garzê–Yushu fault and thereby decompose its horizontal sliding deformation.

Background We assessed the impact of pre‐ and postprocedural plasma corin levels on the recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after catheter ablation (CA). Methods and Results This prospective, single‐center, observational study included patients undergoing their first CA of AF. Corin was measured before and 1 day after CA. The primary end point was recurrent AF between 3 and 12 months after ablation. From April 2019 through May 2021, we analyzed 616 patients with AF (59.09% men) with a mean age of 62.86±9.42 years. Overall, 153 patients (24.84%) experienced recurrent AF. In the recurrence group, the pre‐ and postprocedure corin concentrations were 539.14 (329.24–702.08) and 607.37 (364.50–753.80) pg/mL, respectively, which were significantly higher than the nonrecurrence group's respective concentrations of 369.05 (186.36–489.28) and 489.12 (315.66–629.05) pg/mL (both P494.85 pg/mL predicted AF recurrence at 1 year. An increase of 1 SD in corin concentrations before CA (264.94 pg/mL) increased the risk of recurrent AF by 54.3% after adjusting for confounding variables (hazard ratio, 1.465 [95% CI, 1.282–1.655]; P

ABSTRACTBackground The COVID-19 pandemic is a serious threat to people's lives and mental health. As a key worker providing psychological assistance services, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between social support and vicarious posttraumatic growth of psychological hotline counselors during COVID-19 and its mechanism.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 241 psychological hotline counselors. Path analysis was conducted through structural equation modeling.Results The direct path from social support to vicarious posttraumatic growth of psychological hotline counselors was not significant, but the indirect path between them was significant. Social support can influence vicarious posttraumatic growth of psychological hotline counselors through the mediating effects of resilience and cognitive reappraisal as well as the chain mediating effects of these two factors.Conclusions Social support does not directly stimulate vicarious posttraumatic growth in psychological hotline counselors, but social support can influence counselors' vicarious posttraumatic growth through the role of resilience, cognitive reappraisal, and the chain-mediated effects of psychological resilience and cognitive reappraisal. This encourages hotline counselors to be intentional about applying resources to balance the effects of trauma work on them as they face their clinical work.

The wide size range and high tendency to agglomerate of in-situ TiB2 particles in reinforced Al matrix composites introduce great difficulties in their size characterization. In order to use a nanoparticle size analyzer (NSA) to obtain the precise size distribution of TiB2 particles, a controlled size characterization process has been explored. First, the extraction and drying processes for TiB2 particles were optimized. In the extraction process, alternated applications of magnetic stirring and normal ultrasound treatments were proven to accelerate the dissolution of the Al matrix in HCl solution. Furthermore, freeze-drying was found to minimize the agglomeration tendency among TiB2 particles, facilitating the acquisition of pure powders. Such powders were quantitatively made into an initial TiB2 suspension. Second, the chemical and physical dispersion technologies involved in initial TiB2 suspension were put into focus. Chemically, adding PEI (M.W. 10000) at a ratio of mPEI/mTiB2 = 1/30 into the initial suspension can greatly improve the degree of TiB2 dispersion. Physically, the optimum duration for high-energy ultrasound application to achieve TiB2 dispersion was 10 min. Overall, the corresponding underlying dispersion mechanisms were discussed in detail. With the combination of these chemical and physical dispersion specifications for TiB2 suspension, the bimodal size distribution of TiB2 was able to be characterized by NSA for the first time, and its number-average diameter was 111 ± 6 nm, which was reduced by 59.8% over the initial suspension. Indeed, the small-sized and large-sized peaks of the TiB2 particles characterized by NSA mostly match the results obtained from transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively.

BackgroundAcute stress reaction (ASR) following a stressful event is associated with stress-related mental disorders. However, no studies have investigated the relationships between ASR symptom clusters. The present study aimed to provide a fine-grained understanding of the complex relationships among symptom clusters and identify the central symptom clusters of ASR using network analysis.MethodsThe Acute Stress Reaction Scale (ASRS) was used to investigate the network structure of ASR in 1792 Chinese male military college students who were about to participate in an important physical fitness test. We calculated the weights of the edges connecting different symptom clusters and the central indices of 25 symptom clusters in the final network.ResultsThere were five strongest edges with significantly higher weights than most other edge weights, including the edges between “Less communication” and “Isolated from others.” The symptom clusters of “Somatic symptoms,” “Hypoprosexia,” and “Anxiety” were found to be the central nodes with the highest expected influences (primary centrality index).ConclusionThe present study explored the network structure of ASR, revealed complex connections between symptom clusters, and identified central clusters. These findings have important clinical implications, and it is suggested that the three central symptom clusters may be potential targets for effective interventions for ASR.

Designing efficient bio-inspired vision systems remains a challenge. Here, the authors report a bio-inspired striate visual cortex with binocular and orientation selective receptive field based on self-powered memristor to enable machine vision with brisk edge and corner detection in the future applications.

Abstract Building a bridge between properties and structures has always been the key focus of any materials research. Nowadays, energy storage materials, especially lithium‐ion batteries, are crucial both in daily life and for the research community. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover the functionality origin of battery performances to improve and design better material systems. Functionality originates from local symmetry and field. Local symmetry can be described by four fundamental degrees of freedom: lattice, charge, orbital, and spin. On the basis of this, detailed descriptions of the battery's properties in terms of lattice, charge, orbital, and spin are presented from the perspective of frontier transmission electron microscopy in this review. Besides, frontier in situ methods are introduced to record the dynamic structural evolution process during the battery cycle. Future discussion from the perspectives of both materials and characterizations is provided at the end of this review.

Background: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is the second most common cause of stroke and accounts for approximately 15–20% of all new stroke cases. Hematoma expansion is a potentially important therapeutic target that is amenable to treatment and independently predict outcome. Hyperglycemia is frequent in ICH patients, and affects cerebrovascular function, increasing the risk of cerebral vascular rupture. We recruited 170 ICH patients to explore the high risk factors of mortality and the association between hyperglycemia and early hematoma expansion. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 170 patients with ICH who were grouped by survival and blood glucose level, death group (35 cases) and survival group (135 cases); 77 cases in the hyperglycemic group and 93 cases in the normoglycemic group. Recorded parameters, such as age, gender, past medical history, blood glucose, serum calcium, hematoma volume, and hematoma expansion. Group comparison used t-test, rank sum test and Fisher exact test. After these, logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were performed. Results: Among 170 ICH subjects(130 males and 40 females)，35 died and 77 exhibited hyperglycaemia. Compared with the survival group, the death group presented with higher Original Intracerebral Hemorrhage Scale (OICH) score, greater blood glucose, larger hemorrhage volume and lower Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score. The occurrence of hematoma expansion and massive hemorrhage volume in the hyperglycemic group were higher than in the normoglycemic group(P

Abstract Targeting nucleotide metabolism can not only inhibit tumor initiation and progression but also exert serious side effects. With in-depth studies of nucleotide metabolism, our understanding of nucleotide metabolism in tumors has revealed their non-proliferative effects on immune escape, indicating the potential effectiveness of nucleotide antimetabolites for enhancing immunotherapy. A growing body of evidence now supports the concept that targeting nucleotide metabolism can increase the antitumor immune response by (1) activating host immune systems via maintaining the concentrations of several important metabolites, such as adenosine and ATP, (2) promoting immunogenicity caused by increased mutability and genomic instability by disrupting the purine and pyrimidine pool, and (3) releasing nucleoside analogs via microbes to regulate immunity. Therapeutic approaches targeting nucleotide metabolism combined with immunotherapy have achieved exciting success in preclinical animal models. Here, we review how dysregulated nucleotide metabolism can promote tumor growth and interact with the host immune system, and we provide future insights into targeting nucleotide metabolism for immunotherapeutic treatment of various malignancies.

In this study, a total number of 1,026 Chinese adolescents were surveyed using the cohesion sub-scale of the Family Environment Scale, the Self-control Scale, the Parental Monitoring Questionnaire, and the revised Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire to explore the effects of family cohesion on adolescents’ engagement in school bullying and the mechanisms of self-control and parental monitoring in the relationship between them. The results showed that: (1) family cohesion, self-control, and parental monitoring were significantly and negatively related to school bullying; (2) family cohesion directly influenced school bullying and also indirectly influenced school bullying through a mediating effect – self-control; (3) parental monitoring played a moderating role in the path of self-control affecting school bullying. Therefore, to reduce the occurrence of school bullying, it is necessary to strengthen the self-control ability of adolescents and improve the family cohesion environment and maintain a moderate level of parental monitoring. The results of this study revealed the effect of family cohesion on adolescents’ engagement in school bullying and its mechanism of action, which can provide a theoretical basis for preventing and reducing the occurrence of school bullying incidents.

Development of real-time sensing capability in artificial vision system requires an integration that allow sensing, computation, and storage, whilst remain energy efficient and compact. Here, the authors mimic the lobula giant movement detector to achieve this objective via light-mediated threshold switching memristor.

BackgroundIn this study, we investigated the prediction and prognostic value of SDF-1 for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) following standard radical surgery.MethodsA total of 303 TNBC patients were included in this study. The NAC regimen was weekly paclitaxel plus carboplatin (PC) for all patients. SDF-1 and CXCR4 expression were measured at baseline and surgery via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunohistochemistry (IHC), respectively. Correlations between variables and treatment response were studied, and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was implemented for prognostic evaluation.ResultsOf the 303 patients, 103 (34.0%) experienced pathological complete response (pCR) after completion of NAC. Serum SDF-1 expression before NAC was significantly correlated with the abundance of TILs. A higher pCR rate was more likely to be observed in patients with lower serum SDF-1 levels before NAC (P=0.001, OR=0.997, 95% CI: 0.996-0.999) and higher levels of TILs (P=0.005). In the multivariate survival model for nonpCR patients, serum SDF-1 expression at surgery served as an independent prognostic value for survival (high level, HR=1.980, 95% CI: 1.170-3.350, low level was used as a reference; P=0.011). Additionally, the predictive and prognostic value of serum SDF-1 expression was significant in patients with high abundance of TILs but not in patients with low abundance of TILs.ConclusionsThis study contributes to the clarification of the value of serum SDF-1 to predict pCR and survival for TNBC patients who underwent NAC. This new serum marker, together with TILs, might help identify clinical subtypes of TNBC with different treatment responses and survival and play an important role in tailoring and modifying the NAC strategy for advanced TNBCs in the future.

Policies to promote the usage of energy-saving vehicles (EVs), such as electric vehicles and hybrids, were introduced and implemented in many countries due to increasing awareness of the potential benefits of such vehicles on environmental and energy conservation. However, despite consumers’ claims of their concerns and positive attitudes toward environmental issues, those claims have not been translated into energy-saving vehicles’ purchasing behavior. Prior studies neglected the interrelationship between consumer ethnocentrism (CE), perceived value (PV), and consumer knowledge (CK) in influencing consumer behavior, including pro-environmental behavior. This study examines the relationship between CE, PV, CK, perceived usefulness (PU), perceived ease of use (PEU), attitude and intention to purchase domestic energy-saving vehicles. A total of 396 completed questionnaires were collected through convenience sampling in Xuzhou, China. The survey data were subjected to descriptive analysis and analysis of variance using SPSS. In addition, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were utilized for the hypotheses testing. The results revealed that CE positively influenced PV and CK; PV and CK positively influenced PU and PEU. CK positively influenced PV, while PU and PEU positively influenced attitude and intention, and PEU was shown to influence PU. Furthermore, attitude was shown to significantly influence intention to purchase domestic energy-saving vehicles. Lastly, the theoretical and practical implications of the outcomes were discussed, including the limitations of the research.

Emerging intelligent devices that can simulate an artificial intelligence vision system are of great interest for the development of modern information technology. Nociceptor is a crucial sensory neuron that recognizes harmful inputs and sends pain signals to the central nervous system to avoid injury; however, visual nociceptors, considered to be a key bionic function to protect eyesight based on optoelectronic devices, have yet to be developed. Herein this study, a three‐terminal flexible memory phototransistor (MPT) is first fabricated, which simulates the visual nociceptive behavior by adjusting light stimulation. The CsPbBr3 quantum‐dots (QDs)‐few‐layered black phosphorous nanosheets (FLBP NSs) heterojunction MPT demonstrates high responsivity of 7.2 × 103 AW−1 and high detectivity of 1.8 × 1013 Jones due to the high absorption coefficient of CsPbBr3 QDs materials and a high carrier transport property of FLBP NSs. Moreover, the proposed device can be used to emulate ultraviolet‐stimuli‐induced characteristics of visual nociceptors such as a threshold, no adaption, relaxation, allodynia, and hyperalgesia. It provides a new avenue for the realization of next‐generation neural‐integrated devices via its visual pain sense‐perception abilities.

The electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 on a Cu electrode has the potential to produce valuable chemicals such as hydrocarbons and oxygenated compounds. While the influence of electrolyte cation on the activity and selectivity of the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) on Cu has been widely observed, the specific mechanism through which cation species affect the CO2RR remains unclear and subject to debate. In this work, the CO2RR in the carbonate electrolytes containing different alkali metals (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+, and Cs+) was investigated at potentials from −0.1 to −1.1 V (vs. RHE) over a Cu electrode using electrochemical techniques. Charge transfer kinetics, adsorption of species, and mass transport were considered comprehensively during the analysis. It is found that several factors can play a role in the CO2RR, including hydrated cation adsorption, preferential hydrolysis, and interaction between the cation and adsorbed species, with the dominating factor determined by the external bias and cation species. Consequently, a coherent interpretation of the influence of electrolyte cations on the intrinsic kinetics of the CO2RR has been put forward. We envision that these insights will greatly contribute to the development of efficient catalytic systems and the optimization of catalytic conditions, thereby advancing progress toward commercial applications in this field.

The Wudaoliang–Changshagongma fault is one of the NW-trending faults located within the southern Bayan Har Block of the Tibetan Plateau in China. In this paper, we used high-resolution imagery and digital elevation model data to study the geomorphological and geological characteristics of the fault. Furthermore, the result also determined the fault trace and estimated the average horizontal slip rate of the fault since the late Quaternary to have been 2.6 ± 0.6 mm/a. This slip rate is approximately equivalent to that of the Awancang, Madoi–Garde, and Dari faults, which are also located within the block. Furthermore, the slip rates of these faults obtained by remote sensing and geological methods are consistent with GPS observations. It indicates that tectonic deformation within the block is continuous and diffuse. Using trenching study results and sedimentary radiocarbon dating, we identified four paleoearthquake events that occurred at 42,378–32,975, 33,935–20,663, 5052–4862, and after 673–628 cal BP, respectively. The recurrence intervals of large earthquakes on the faults within the block are much longer than those of the boundary faults, and the slip rates are also smaller, indicating that faults within the block play a regulatory role in the tectonic deformation of the Bayan Har Block.

Prior studies have focused on single-target anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the right inferior frontal gyrus (rIFG) or pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA) to improve response inhibition in healthy individuals. However, the results are contradictory and the effect of multitarget anodal stimulation over both brain regions has never been investigated. The present study aimed to investigate the behavioral and neurophysiological effects of different forms of anodal high-definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) on improving response inhibition, including HD-tDCS over the rIFG or pre-SMA and multitarget HD-tDCS over both areas. Ninety-two healthy participants were randomly assigned to receive single-session (20 min) anodal HD-tDCS over rIFG + pre-SMA, rIFG, pre-SMA, or sham stimulation. Before and immediately after tDCS intervention, participants completed a stop-signal task (SST) and a go/nogo task (GNG). Their cortical activity was recorded using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during the go/nogo task. The results showed multitarget stimulation produced a significant reduction in stop-signal reaction time (SSRT) relative to baseline. The pre-to-post SSRT change was not significant for rIFG, pre-SMA, or sham stimulation. Further analyses revealed multitarget HD-tDCS significantly decreased SSRT in both the high-performance and low-performance subgroups compared with the rIFG condition which decreased SSRT only in the low-performance subgroup. Only the multitarget condition significantly improved neural efficiency as indexed by lower △oxy-Hb after stimulation. In conclusion, the present study provides important preliminary evidence that multitarget HD-tDCS is a promising avenue to improve stimulation efficacy, establishing a more effective montage to enhance response inhibition relative to the commonly used single-target stimulation.

The marine shale of southern China is characterized by old sedimentary formations, multiple tectonic activities, and poor preservation conditions. The fracture system in this shale reservoir is extraordinarily complex, greatly adding to difficulties for shale gas exploration and development. Based on field surveys, drilling cores, seismic data interpretation, and experimental tests, we try to characterize the developmental characteristics of shale fractures at different scales and delineate the stages of fractures in the Cen’gong block. The results show that the Cen’gong block is a saddle-shaped structure formed by the northeast-oriented Banxi anticline and the southwest-oriented Lannigan anticline. There are four types of core fractures developed in the study area, namely, pyrite-filled fractures, fibrous veins, subvertical fractures, and slip fractures, and the forming time of these fractures are later in turn based on the intersecting relationships and analysis of filling minerals. The fracture rose diagram and the paleomagnetic orientation experiments indicate that the fracture direction is mainly NNE and partly NW, consistent with the direction of faults identified in the seismic data. Quantitative statistics have been conducted for fracture aperture, length, and density distribution. The fracture abundance has a close relationship with buried depth and regional faults in the study area.

Constrained by the hukou system and market mechanisms, Chinese rural migrants normally live in dormitories and urban villages (villages-in-the-city or chengzhongcun ) quite distinct from the dwellings of more privileged social groups yet they are often located quite close together. This pattern may be described as a hukou -based yet market-driven form of residential segregation. This paper addresses an extreme level of segregation in China’s newest urban developments. By examining six key development zones in the Pearl River Delta (PRD), this paper argues that besides hukou and the market, urban planning contextualized in state-market engagement and socialist features is a crucial factor creating extreme residential segregation in these zones. This paper also argues that two planning instruments—large-scale land use zoning and the provision of public housing to migrants—play a significant role in creating segregation. The extreme segregation created by the state’s dominant planning practices in new urban developments demonstrates a transformation of China’s prevalent market-driven segregation.

Both apparent stress and b value can reveal stress changes in the crust. As the stress increases，the apparent stress increases and the b value decreases. Therefore，the stress variation could result in a negative correlation between apparent stress and b value so that the variation of crustal tectonic stress can be investigated according to this negative correlation. In present study，on the basis of apparent stresses for earthquakes （3.0≤ML≤3.6）and earthquakes （2.0≤ML≤4.3）occurring in the aftershock region of the 2019 MS6.0 Changning earthquake from January 2000 to December 2019，we analyzed the temporal evolutions of the apparent stress and b value. It was found that from February 2013 to March 2017，the apparent stress showed a rising trend lasting for about 4 years. Within the two years before the earthquake，the apparent stress remained at a higher level. During the period when the apparent stress was increasing，b value was decreasing. When the apparent stress maintained at a higher level，b value maintained at a lower level with no distinct change. That is，before the Changning MS6.0 earthquake occurred，the apparent stress in the rupture zone increased，while the b value decreased. It indicates that there is an obvious increase of the tectonic stress in the fracture zone before the MS6.0 Changning earthquake，which has important implications for the understanding of earthquake gestation process and earthquake prediction.

The specific capacity of P2-type sodium-ion battery cathode is limited because full extraction of Na ions leads to structural degradation. Here authors report pillar-beam structured material to overcome this issue by using K pillar ions to uphold the transition metal layers upon extraction of Na ions.

We processed MODIS data received from ground receiving stations into the spatial range of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (China) and the eastern margin of the plateau, and then 283 K was set as the threshold value to remove the area covered by clouds. The monthly background field was calculated based on 17 years’ data, then we obtained the spatial Brightness Temperature anomaly of the current month by deducting the background field. Furthermore, the Brightness Temperature anomaly curves for secondary tectonic blocks in the plateau were calculated. The data indicated that since June 2020, the Brightness Temperature radiation within the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau began to increase abnormally, starting from the western part of the study area and expanding eastward to cover the entire plateau. In January 2021, such an anomaly was seen again, extending to the Sichuan-Yunnan Block in the easternmost part of the study area in april. With the ongoing anomaly, a series of moderate and strong earthquakes occurred in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, and finally, on 22 May 2021, the M7.4 earthquake struck the Madoi County. Moreover, according to the internal Brightness Temperature time series curves of the different secondary tectonic blocks, the Brightness Temperature has increased simultaneously since the beginning of 2020. A twofold standard deviation was found in the middle-east segment of the Bayanhar Block and the Qiangtang Block in October 2020, and an almost twofold standard deviation was found in March, while a twofold standard deviation was found in the Sichuan-Yunnan Block in april 2021. The occurrence of earthquakes in the plateau before the Madoi earthquake coincided with an upward trend of the time series curve. The spatial anomaly of Brightness Temperature over the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau disappeared and the Brightness Temperature time series curve dropped drastically after the Madoi earthquake. The development of spatial anomaly of Brightness Temperature and the time series curve both coincide with the occurrence of earthquakes and are consistent with the generation of tectonic stress in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Our study showed that thermal infrared Brightness Temperature radiation reasonably reflects regional stress development and enables the detection of anomalies prior to moderate and strong earthquakes.

Abstract Background The associations between socioeconomic statuses and survival outcomes of breast cancer remain unclear. No model has included both histological and socioeconomic factors to predict the survival of breast cancer. This study was designed to develop nomograms to predict breast cancer–specific survival (BCSS) and overall survival (OS) with consideration of socioeconomic factors for breast cancer patients. Materials and methods We included a total of 207 749 female patients, diagnosed with malignant breast cancer between 2007 and 2012 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. BCSS and OS were evaluated with Gray's test and log‐rank tests, respectively. Marital statuses, insurance statuses, residence, median household income, poverty rate, unemployment rate, and education level were included as socioeconomic factors in univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Clinicopathological factors and socioeconomic factors were integrated to construct nomograms. Calibration plots and concordance indexes (C‐indexes) were used to evaluate the accuracy and discrimination of the models. Results Four and three socioeconomic factors were involved in constructing the nomograms for 3‐, 5‐, and 7‐year BCSS and OS, respectively. The C‐indexes of the final nomograms were higher than those of the TNM staging system for predicting BCSS (0.835 vs 0.782; P

Abstract Background The goal of this study was to review relevant case-control studies to determine the association of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) gene polymorphisms and coronary artery disease (CAD) susceptibility. Methods Using appropriate keywords, we identified relevant studies using PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, CNKI, VANFUN, and VIP. Key pertinent sources in the literature were also reviewed, and all articles published through April 2019 were considered for inclusion. Based on eligible studies, we performed a meta-analysis of association between 308G/A, 238G/A, 857C/T, 863C/A and 1031 T/C polymorphisms in TNF-α and risk of CAD. Results We found 25 studies that were consistent with this meta-analysis, including 7697 patients in the CAD group and 9655 control patients. TNF-α 308G/A locus A showed no significant association with CAD susceptibility by the five models in the analysis of the overall population, European, African, South Asian, and North Asian patients. TNF-α 863C/A locus A and 1031 T/C locus C exhibited no significant association with CAD susceptibility. TNF-α 238G/A locus A had no significant association with CAD susceptibility in the overall population. However, TNF-α 238G/A locus A showed significant association with higher CAD susceptibility in the subgroup of Europeans and north Asians. TNF-α 857C/T locus T had no significant association with CAD susceptibility in the analysis of the overall population and Europeans. In the north Asian population, TNF-α 857C/T locus T was associated with lower CAD susceptibility by the heterozygote model. Conclusion TNF-α 308G/A, 857C/T, 863C/A, and 1031 T/C has no significant association with CAD susceptibility. TNF-α 238G/A locus A has significant association with CAD susceptibility in Europeans and north Asians, but has no significant association in the overall population. Studies with a larger sample size are required to confirm the association between TNF-α 238G/A and CAD susceptibility.

Background: Metastatic regional lymph nodes (LN) is a strong predictor of worse long-term outcome. Therefore, different LN staging systems have been proposed in recent years. In this study, we proposed a modified lymph node ratio (mLNR) as a new lymph node staging system and then compared the prognostic performance of mLNR with American Joint Committee on Cancer N stage, lymph node ratio (LNR) and log odds of metastatic lymph nodes in breast cancer patients. Methods: Breast cancer patients who underwent surgery between 2004 and 2012 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database. Restricted cubic spline functions were calculated to characterize the association between variables and the risk of death. The Cox proportional hazards models were constructed to assess the predictive ability of different lymph node staging systems using the Akaike’s Information Criterion (AIC) and Harrell’s concordance index (C-index). Results: A total of 264,096 breast cancer patients were enrolled and 187,785 (71.1%) patients had a limited number of LNs harvested. In the limited LN harvest cohort, the prognostic performance of LNR decreased and mLNR could greatly solve this problem. In addition, among the entire cohort, mLNR modeled as a continuous value had the best predictive ability (AIC: 922021.9 and C-index: 0.727) than other lymph node staging systems. Conclusions: The predictive ability of LNR is restricted by a limited LN harvest. However, mLNR shows superiority to LNR and other lymph node staging systems especially in a limited LN harvest cohort, making mLNR the most powerful lymph node staging systems.

Natural biomaterials are potential candidates for the next generation of green electronics due to their biocompatibility and biodegradability. On the other hand, the application of biocomposite systems in information storage, photoelectrochemical sensing, and biomedicine has further promoted the progress of environmentally benign bioelectronics. Here, we mainly review recent progress in the development of biocomposites in data storage, focusing on the application of biocomposites in resistive random-access memory (RRAM) and field effect transistors (FET) with their device structure, working mechanism, flexibility, transient characteristics. Specifically, we discuss the application of biocomposite-based non-volatile memories for simulating biological synapse. Finally, the application prospect and development potential of biocomposites are presented.

Vesicular transport proteins are related to many human diseases, and they threaten human health when they undergo pathological changes. Protein function prediction has been one of the most in-depth topics in bioinformatics. In this work, we developed a useful tool to identify vesicular transport proteins. Our strategy is to extract transition probability composition, autocovariance transformation and other information from the position-specific scoring matrix as feature vectors. EditedNearesNeighbours (ENN) is used to address the imbalance of the data set, and the Max-Relevance-Max-Distance (MRMD) algorithm is adopted to reduce the dimension of the feature vector. We used 5-fold cross-validation and independent test sets to evaluate our model. On the test set, VTP-Identifier presented a higher performance compared with GRU. The accuracy, Matthew’s correlation coefficient (MCC) and area under the ROC curve (AUC) were 83.6%, 0.531 and 0.873, respectively.

Antioxidant proteins can not only balance the oxidative stress in the body, but are also an important component of antioxidant drugs. Accurate identification of antioxidant proteins is essential to help humans fight diseases and develop new drugs. In this paper, we developed a friendly method AOPM to identify antioxidant proteins. 188D and the Composition of k-spaced Amino Acid Pairs were adopted as the feature extraction method. In addition, the Max-Relevance-Max-Distance algorithm (MRMD) and random forest were the feature selection and classifier, respectively. We used 5-folds cross-validation and independent test dataset to evaluate our model. On the test dataset, AOPM presented a higher performance compared with the state-of-the-art methods. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, Matthew’s Correlation Coefficient and an Area Under the Curve reached 87.3, 94.2, 92.0%, 0.815 and 0.972, respectively. In addition, AOPM still has excellent performance in predicting the catalytic enzymes of antioxidant drugs. This work proved the feasibility of virtual drug screening based on sequence information and provided new ideas and solutions for drug development.

Since December 2019, the COVID-19 pandemic has quickly spread across the world. The traditional understanding of the relationship between wealth and the spread of contagious diseases is that similar to many precedent epidemics, the pandemic spread easily in poor neighborhoods in many countries. The environmental and socioeconomic implications of the COVID-19 pandemic are still poorly understood, thus this paper examines the relationship between neighborhood characteristics and the spread of the pandemic through a case study of Shenzhen, a Chinese megacity with many low-income rural migrants. The major finding is that wealthier and larger neighborhoods in Shenzhen were more likely to be infected in the first wave of the pandemic in 2020. This spread pattern is likely to result from China’s strict control to prevent the pandemic, human mobility, and demographic characteristics such as income. This finding reveals a new phenomenon that contrasts with the traditional understanding of the influence of wealth on the spread of epidemics. This paper enriches the understanding of the role of neighborhoods in the spread of the pandemic, and it has important public policy implications.

Oil leakage incidentally occurs and leads to environmental disasters. Because of their porous and hydrophobic characteristics, graphene sponges are often studied as an oil adsorbent to repair oil spills at sea. Graphene materials are very expensive, and their biological toxicity has been given serious concerns; however, the easier preparation and eco-friendly, biomass-derived porous carbon materials can be used as an alternative to graphene materials. In this study, we prepared a porous carbon sponge (PCS) for oil and organic solvent removal by carbonizing white-rot fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium, a fast-growing microorganism for the production of lignin-degrading enzymes and the environmental remediation. P. chrysosporium fungus balls were converted into black PCS by carbonization at high temperatures, where PCS was light (density of 56 g/L), hydrophobic (contact angle of 115°) and porous. According to the results of BET and XPS analysis, the surface area of PCS was 14.43 m2/g, and the carbon in PCS is mainly sp2 carbon. PCS could adsorb pure oils and organic solvents within seconds. The adsorption capacities of PCS were 20.7 g/g for gasoline, 30.1 g/g for peanut oil, 27.7 g/g for toluene, 18.5 g/g for dodecane, 32.5 g/g for chloroform, 27.1 g/g for tetrahydrofuran, 23.7 g/g for acetone and 13.7 g/g for ethanol. According to the reusability study, there was no obvious capacity loss after recycling up to 10 cycles. Our results indicated that white-rot fungi could be adopted as a cheap carbon resource for oil and organic solvent removal.

While single-atom catalysis offers an efficient materials usage, the ambiguous interactions with supports poses a difficulty in understanding catalytic performances. Here, authors show an ensemble effect via synergy of Co adatoms and the S of MoS2 supports to boost hydrogen evolution activities.

Soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor activating protein receptor (SNARE) proteins are a large family of transmembrane proteins located in organelles and vesicles. The important roles of SNARE proteins include initiating the vesicle fusion process and activating and fusing proteins as they undergo exocytosis activity, and SNARE proteins are also vital for the transport regulation of membrane proteins and non-regulatory vesicles. Therefore, there is great significance in establishing a method to efficiently identify SNARE proteins. However, the identification accuracy of the existing methods such as SNARE CNN is not satisfied. In our study, we developed a method based on a support vector machine (SVM) that can effectively recognize SNARE proteins. We used the position-specific scoring matrix (PSSM) method to extract features of SNARE protein sequences, used the support vector machine recursive elimination correlation bias reduction (SVM-RFE-CBR) algorithm to rank the importance of features, and then screened out the optimal subset of feature data based on the sorted results. We input the feature data into the model when building the model, used 10-fold crossing validation for training, and tested model performance by using an independent dataset. In independent tests, the ability of our method to identify SNARE proteins achieved a sensitivity of 68%, specificity of 94%, accuracy of 92%, area under the curve (AUC) of 84%, and Matthew’s correlation coefficient (MCC) of 0.48. The results of the experiment show that the common evaluation indicators of our method are excellent, indicating that our method performs better than other existing classification methods in identifying SNARE proteins.

After decades of development, China’s urban renewal is facing the problems of inequality and intolerance, neglecting vulnerable groups and triggering gentrification. These problems are rarely quantified and draw limited public concerns. To promote an inclusive urban development, we proposed a framework for the inclusive evaluation of urban renewal spaces, thus increasing the understanding of inclusive urban renewal. An evaluation method based on the theory of inclusive development was proposed, and it includes two steps. First, the evaluation index system of inclusive development at the community scale was created, including 24 indicators from five aspects: cognitive well-being, vulnerable groups, affordable public service facilities, economic agency, and environmental factors. Second, a combination of the CRITIC-TOPSIS method and k-means algorithm was used to grade and classify the inclusive development of the community. In this study, multisource data were used to measure the inclusiveness of communities in the core area of Wuhan’s inner city. The results show that the renewed communities are more inclusive than the unrenewed communities; however, even in the more inclusive and renewed communities, a lack of protection for vulnerable groups and a certain level of gentrification still exists.

Abstract The Anninghe fault (ANHF) and the Zemuhe fault (ZMHF), located in the southeast of the Tibetan Plateau, have a high level of seismic hazard and are among the most active faults in China. This study performed the first measurements of soil gas CO2 at three sites across the ANHF and the ZMHF. The fault locking (FL) depth and extent of different segments of the ANHF and the ZMHF were inverted using the negative dislocation model based on global positioning system velocity data acquired during 2009–2015. Results showed that the degassing intensity of CO2 in the ZMHF is substantially higher than in the ANHF, which is spatially consistent with the degree of inverted FL. The inversion results revealed that the level of coupling, including the locking depth and extent, along the southern segment of the ANHF is markedly greater than in the northern segment of the ZMHF. Soil gas CO2 geochemistry yielded different spatially anomalous features, indicating that the faults have different properties and permeability. The intensive locking of the ANHF and ZMHF segments has reduced permeability through self‐sealing processes, which has restricted the escape of gas from the deep crust. Correspondingly, a creeping fault with a low level of coupling could maintain high permeability, which would be favorable for CO2 migration.

MXenes are a rapidly growing family of 2D materials. The composition, morphology, structure, surface chemistry, and structural configuration of MXenes directly affect their electrochemical performance. For example, when used as the source and drain electrodes in a transistor, MXenes provide increased chemically active interfaces, reduced ion diffusion length, and improved inplane carrier/charge transport kinetics, thus improving the storage performance of the transistor significantly. The work function and bandgap of MXenes can be controlled by tailoring their structure and surface functional groups. This makes MXenes as the first choice for several storage applications. Herein, the latest progress in the synthesis and properties of MXenes is summarized, and it is aimed to boost the motivation of researchers for developing novel MXenes and improving their applications. It emphasizes on the importance of MXenes in high‐density data storage applications, such as flash memories and memristors. The applications of MXenes in artificial synapses, neurons, and logic circuits are also discussed. A future roadmap is outlined for realizing the storage applications of MXenes.

Introduction: The population of young women who suffered from female pattern hair loss (FPHL) or female androgenic alopecia (AGA) is gradually increasing. Platelet-rich plasma is a novel and promising therapeutic method as a nonsurgical treatment for FPHL.Objective: To summarize different preparation methods of PRP and treatment regimes in FPHL, qualitatively evaluate the current observations, and quantitively analyze the efficacy of PRP in FPHL treatment.Methods: Six databases, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, LILACS, and CNKI, were searched with terms “platelet-rich plasma,” synonyms for AGA and FPHL. Meta-analysis was conducted with enrolled observational studies and randomized controlled trials separately.Results: We evaluated 636 studies and 12 trials from all searched databases. A total of 42 studies of 1,569 cases, including 776 female participants covering 16 randomized controlled trials and 26 observational trials, were included for qualitative synthesis study and systematic review. PRP showed positive efficacy in treating FPHL in hair density compared to the control groups with odds ratio (OR) 1.61, 95% CI 0.52–2.70, and compared to baseline with OR 1.11, 95% CI 0.86–1.37.Conclusion: PRP showed excellent efficiency as a novel therapy of FPHL through hair density evaluation. Further studies are needed to define standardized protocols, and large-scale randomized trials still need to be conducted to confirm its efficacy.