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Commitment is crucial in a marriage to ensure that the relationship can endure and thrive. This includes mixedorientation marriages where one partner is a bisexual male, and the other is a heterosexual spouse. In a conservative country like Malaysia, socio-cultural and religious influences undoubtedly exert significant pressure and affect the ability and commitment of bisexual husbands to remain in their marriages, often necessitating the concealment of their sexual identity from their partners. This study aims to identify the factors influencing the commitment levels of bisexual husbands to their marital relationships. Using a qualitative research approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with 15 bisexual husbands who are currently married. The findings revealed that love for their wives, caring for their children, hope for change, internal religious motivation, upholding family honor, and avoiding social stigma are key elements contributing to maintaining commitment in their marriages. The insights gained from this study are expected to guide the development of interventions, support programs, and more effective counseling, as well as the formulation of more inclusive and supportive policies for this group within the context of marriage. Additionally, this study aims to raise societal awareness about the challenges faced by bisexual males in maintaining their marriages, thereby helping to reduce stigma and discrimination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Growing oil palm among the indigenous peoples in Peninsular Malaysia is not uncommon. While individuals' success either economically or academically are lauded and ought to be nurtured and supported, previous study by Wirth believes that collective success is the key not only in elevating the socioeconomic status but also serves as a mean to retain them as a cohesive unit culturally and socially. This study aims in promoting a model for collective development in the form of cooperative in oil palm cultivation of the indigenous peoples. Through simple random sampling and snowball techniques, a total of fifteen small-scale oil palm farmers from an indigenous village in the state of Pahang were interviewed periodically during the months of June till September, 2020. The results of the study found that these indigenous oil palm farmers faced both social and economic issues between the household members as well as within the indigenous community arising from inequalities of income level. At the macro level, a competent cooperative will attain far greater achievements and more beneficial to the indigenous community than a few successful farmers due to the concept of inclusiveness and sustainability. It is hope that the cooperative model can be replicated in other indigenous communities and effectively raise the overall living standard of the indigenous community in Peninsular Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leadership style is a necessity in building organizational strength, especially in leading employee commitment towards and achieving the goals to be achieved together. Effective leadership style is the pulse in the organization to achieve an organizational goal while increasing employee commitment to the organization. This study focuses on women police leaders with their natural feminine qualities, can act as agents of change in reducing issues, conflicts and problems related to society and the state. A quantitative approach using the research question method has been used and 221 respondents of the study consisting of low-ranking IPD Putrajaya police officers have been selected as respondents of the study. The data were analyzed and presented by descriptive statistics and inference statistics. The results of the study found that there are four dimensions of leadership style in police officers in IPD Putrajaya that become the core of the success and success of an organization. This study also shows that the four dimensions namely democratic leadership style, transformation style, laissez-faire style and autocratic style are important and need to be balanced to achieve the success of an organization. However, the average respondent agreed that female police officers in IPD Putrajaya are more inclined towards the transformation leadership style. Therefore, through this transformative leadership it is hoped that it will be able to bring the Royal Malaysia Police to the level of world class policing management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, many countries have implemented the vaccination program to combat the spread of virus in order to return to a normal life after the quarantine period. The success of vaccination has shown the decrease in infection and death besides the practice of physical distancing. This article will discuss the category of people who have doubt, confidence and their view towards The National COVID-19 Immunisation Programme (NIP) in Malaysia. A quantitative survey was made through an online survey using Google Form. The recruitment of the survey participants was based on a convenience sampling method. This survey was conducted on Malaysian citizens of age from 18 to 57 years old and analysed using One-way ANOVA method. In this research, a number of 363 people answered the survey. There was a significant difference in the categories of occupation, education and age regarding confidence, doubt and view towards NIP. Research findings found that occupation, education and age were seemed to justify the decision made by the respondents either to accept or decline the vaccination at national level. Overall, the aspects of occupation, education and age should receive attention in the future in public health program implementation so that these categories can obtain much clearer information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

E-sports is gaining attention and becoming a career choice for today's youth. Involvement in e-sports indeed has various positive or negative impacts on the youth involved. Therefore, this study focuses on the impact received by UKM students through e-sports. A quantitative approach was used to obtain data and research information. The method of using a questionnaire through the Google Form platform and analysing the data using SPSS software is the main data collection method of the study. A total of 40 respondents answered the questionnaire. The results of the study found that there is a factor of wanting to strengthen friendships and establish social relationships, gain new experiences and also deep interests and gain new acquaintances as the main reason for them being involved in e-sports. Among the positive impacts received is having decision-making skills while the negative impacts include not having a stable sleep time, not being able to manage time properly and stress and depression due to not achieving their goals of engaging in the field of e-sports. In conclusion, there are many factors that encourage UKM students to get involved in e-sports. However, the main finding of this study is the positive and negative impact on their behaviour when they engage in e-sports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oil palm farmers play an important role in ensuring oil palm cultivation can achieve sustainable agricultural practice. However, the best agricultural practices among oil palm farmers are yet to be known. This study aims to systematically review oil palm farmers' sustainable practices. The present study integrated multiple research designs and the review was based on the published standard, namely ROSES (Reporting Standards for Systematic Evidence Syntheses). This study used Web of Science (WoS) as the main database in searching for the required articles. Based on the thematic analysis, this review has 5 (five) main themes, the sustainable practices, namely 1) land management, 2) waste management, 3) advanced technology implementation, 4) economic empowerment, and 5) social inclusion. The findings offer some basics on how to integrate oil palm farmers' practices with scientific findings for the formation of the oil palm certification and policy besides providing some ideas on the role of the oil palm farmer in the sustainable development 2030 agenda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Socialization agents are the main factors that determine gay behaviours. However, which socialization agent is the most dominant is still a question mark in influencing gay sexual orientation. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to examine the dominant socialization agents in influencing gaysexual orientation. This study uses a qualitative study design using a phenomenological approach. A total of 10 informants were selected as the study sample using the snowball method. The data in this study were obtained by using in-depth interviews. The results of the study found that there are three main socialization agents that influence gay sexual orientation which are family, peers, and mass media. All of these socializing agents in turn create a self-concept of gay sexual orientation and ultimately form an inner self-awareness as a homosexual. In conclusion, socialization agents exert a direct influence on gay behaviours found in modern society today. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 has been declared a pandemic and social distancing as addressed by the World Health Organization (WHO) is one of the most effective public health measures to break infection chain. This article examines the reaction of the community and the community's compliance with the PKP implemented by the Malaysian government. This study was conducted when the PKP was in its third phase. Studies use quantitative approaches as the main method of using questionnaires distributed online using google form. A total of 959 respondents answered this questionnaire. The main finding is that most respondents reacted positively to the PKP. On the other hand, most respondents also expressed their allegiance to the PKP. However, one of the reasons for this compliance is due to the visibility of authorities located throughout the country. But it would be more success if all citizens adhere to the PKP because of self control to ensure that the COVID-19 infection chain is eliminated from the defense if it is arrested by the authorities. Overall, the public has taken to the PKP's direction and the government has further liberalized the PKP directive by introducing the Recovery Movement Order (PKPP) which emphasizes the self-control of members of the community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hedonism is a new culture that exists as a result of the rapid globalization process. The purpose of this study is to identify the factors and effects of this hedonism which easily absorbed in all ages especially children and adolescents. This study used quantitative approach by using a survey form and a total of 150 respondents consisting of selected students of Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia. The findings of the study were analyzed by making a percentage of the data obtained. Overall, the results of the study show that there are five main factors in the spread of hedonism, namely self, the influence of family institutions, peers groups, mass media and the environment. In addition, there are various implications from the spread of this culture that can interfere the welfare of society such as the prosperity and well-being of the country threatened, the increase in criminal cases, extravagance and luxury, increasingly lazy society and increase in the unemployment rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Palm oil has been recognized as large world trade of vegetable oil around the globe. The vast improvement of planting palm trees and the numbers of oil palm export shown that these agricultural has huge potential for the farmers. The Objective of this paper is to evaluate the wellbeing and quality of life among oil palm smallholders. Since this is a review paper, a secondary data through various past researches has been collected and the data were extracted, and thematic analysis was used to organize the data. There is no denying that oil palm smallholders have received many benefits through their participation in palm plantations. Their economic wellbeing concludes having enough enough salary and job opportunities whereas psychology wellbeing includes being diligence, enthusiasm, not giving up, confident and honesty in the work done. They are also willing to take a risk in their plantation activity. The ssocial wellbeing of smallholders is the provision of roads, bridges, community centers, health and education services and communication infrastructure. All these aspects of wellbeing will lead to the enhancement the quality of life among the smallholders. Although there are several type of researches that has been conducted on social benefits from oil plantation but the numbers of researches still not adequate. Therefore, more research on the wellbeing and quality of life of oil palm smallholders need to be conducted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malaysian government has introduceda commercial palm oil agriculture programme to enhance personal, family and at the same time increase national income. The programme aims to increase of smallholders not only with the economic growth of families and communities, but also promote the physical. The basic prerequisite about oil palm cultivation is good land for cultivation. Apart from access to farms which also pay an important role in facilitating farm management. The impact of the development will build more employment opportunities with good basic services, growth of various types of growth of various types of industry, housing, school facilities and other basic facilities. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to identify the challenges to improve the well-being of smallholder's palm oil communities in Malaysia. Discussions on the challenges to palm oil smallholders focus on land shortages, lack of access to credit and loans, lack of improved planting materials, lack of training and skills, lack of processing facilities, high fertilizer prices, technological expertise and soil fertility challenges. Meanwhile, discussions on community well-being focus on the economic, social and environmental aspects of smallholder palm oils. This discussion of challenges and well-being is also linked to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) for future planning of the palm oil smallholder community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 has been declared as a pandemic situation. It does not only affect the health of an infected individual indirectly, but also poses extinction in one's country if no quick and smart measure is taken to overcome it. Social distancing as publicly announced by World Health Organization (WHO) is one public health preventive measure that is effective in breaking the COVID-19 chain. Therefore, this article evaluates the reactions of society and their compliance of MCO implemented by Malaysian government. The research used quantitative approach as the main method that is by using a survey form which was distributed online using google form. A number of 959 respondents answered the survey. The main outcome is, the majority of respondents reacted positively towards MCO. In terms of compliance, majority show compliance to MCO. However, it was found that the reason of the compliance is because of the visibility of the authorities all over the country. It is better if all citizens of this country are compliant with MCO because of self internalization about the awareness on the importance of following MCO, which is to ensure the chain of COVID-19 is destructed as opposed to the concern of getting captured by the authorities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dealing with social problem issue in society is not a duty of enforcement agency only. But, the local communities itself has to play their role to ensure the area they live are clean from any form of social problems. Therefore, this article takes on a closer look towards the community responsibility as one of the informal social control in handling social issues. Indepth interview and non-opted observation have been used as a method in collecting data. Seven informants had been interviewed from those directly involved in the implementation of this informal social control. The results of the research depict that several informal social control that occur in this particular area such as gotong-royong, collaboration, spiritual, volunteer patrolling scheme (SRS), neighbourhood programming, sports and culture. The data indicate that gotong-royong is the most popular activity among the community. Gotongroyong activity are capable to spread pre-awareness in adolescent years in order to train and exposed them with the community. In conclusion, the prevention of bottom-up social problems directly from the community itself does not show a high impact but it is an initiative to prevent problems from the inside (community) level and not rely solely on formal social control. It is possible that if the community is given more power by the authorities then the locals will begin to see the community as a powerful social control agent. This is because, the reality of position and power is an important tool in controlling the behaviour of members of society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Illegal racing is not a new issue today. Many enforcement has been carried out but this issue still can not be solved. It is because of the existence of the beatting element in an illegal race which is attracting teenagers to stay engaged with the illegal racing activities. Therefore, this article aime to discuss on betting in illegal racing, apart of it, this article also want to discuss on factors that attract these teenagers join the illegal racing. A qualitative approach using indepth interview technique was used to obtain the data and information. The main findings are, several factors have contributed to the participant of informants in illegal racing such as peer pressure, busy parents and their passion towards racing and motorbike also. While in betting, there are several types of betting that involved in illegal racing such as money, motorbike and recognitation among groups. For the conclusion, the existing of enforcement did not well enough to combating the illegal racing activities in Malaysia. It is because, the racers itself having a very high spirits and passion in what they are doing although it illegal. Therefore, although they were get caught they still not repented but continuely involving with this inmoral activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses the benefits of involvement in e-sports for youths. It is well known that youths are the most involved in the e-sports industry worldwide. This large number of youth involvement is necessarily driven by a number of contributing factors such as hobby, peer pressure and the prize money itself. In addition, this article also focuses on the types of benefits that youths receive from their involvement in e-sports. A quantitative approach which is the method of questionnaire survey was used to obtain the data. Purposive sampling was used with specific features of respondents such as the youths around the age of 18-30, actively involved in e-sports and representing a club. A survey using google form was distributed to the youths at the Asia Pacific University and the National University of Malaysia Bangi campus. The study found that there is an internal factor such as the passion towards video games and external factors such as peer groups influence, parents' supports, prize money and career potential. On the other hand, the benefits they have gained are building a professional career, improved communication skills and other soft skills. Hence, it can be concluded that through e-sports these youths can improve their social skills. More importantly, they can do what they love, and get paid for their interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Issues related to misbehavior among football fans in Malaysia is not a new. Almost every fotball season, there are incidents of misbehavior involving football fans from various teams. Among the most frequent are verbal and physical. The FAM has imposed fines and penalties not only in the form of ringgit but also punishes teams playing in the empty stadium and playing in neutral stadium. However, the fans continue to commit a range of improper misbehavior. The objective of this article is to discuss the role of self regulation as a mechanism to prevent misbehavior among football fans. The study was quantitative and 600 respondents from football fans of Kelantan, Johor, Perak and Selangor were involved in the questionnaires. The main findings of the survey are most of respondents agree that each supporter needs to have internal control internally by focusing on the ownership of a high level of sportsmanship. By having a sportmanship it will lead the football fans to able controll their emotional, being professional and more disciplined while in the stadium. The involvement and collaboration between management and their fans should be intensified so that the fans can feel that they are part of their football. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]