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1. Indirectly cooled secondary-particle production target at J-PARC Hadron Experimental Facility

Author: Masayoshi Saito, Keizo Agari, Hironobu Akiyama, Kazuya Aoki, Erina Hirose, Masaharu Ieiri, Yohji Katoh, Yusuke Komatsu, Ruri Kurasaki, Michifumi Minakawa, Yuhei Morino, Fumimasa Muto, Yoshinori Sato, Shinya Sawada, Hitoshi Takahashi, Toshiyuki Takahashi, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Akihisa Toyoda, Hiroaki Watanabe, and Yutaka Yamanoi
Subjects: Nuclear and particle physics. Atomic energy. Radioactivity, QC770-798
Abstract: The Hadron Experimental Facility at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex is used for various nuclear and elementary particle physics experiments that use secondary particle beams. The secondary-particle production target is a key element for the generation of particles such as kaons and pions. To increase beam power, a new target was developed and installed. The target, which is made of gold and indirectly cooled with water, was designed so that the maximum stresses do not exceed the allowable stresses determined based on the pressure vessel standard. 95 kW is considered to be the maximum power of the primary proton beam for a 5.2-s beam duration. The new target was stably operated up to a power of 65 kW. In addition, beam position estimation based on multipoint temperature measurements of the target was demonstrated.
Published: 2022
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2. Development of a New Production Target at the J-PARC Hadron Experimental Facility

Author: Kazuya Aoki, S. Sawada, Yuhei Morino, Keizo Agari, Hironobu Akiyama, Yoshinori Sato, Erina Hirose, Hitoshi Takahashi, Y. Katoh, Yutaka Yamanoi, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Michifumi Minakawa, Ruri Kurasaki, Hiroaki Watanabe, Masaharu Ieiri, and Akihisa Toyoda
Subjects: Stress (mechanics), Materials science, Nuclear engineering, Hadron, J-PARC, Cooling efficiency, Beam (structure), Block (data storage), Power (physics)
Abstract: We have developed a new production target at the J-PARC Hadron Experimental Facility. The target is made of gold and is indirectly cooled by water through a copper block. Although this cooling structure is the same as that of the current production target, the cooling efficiency is improved by doubling the copper cooling block. We performed an elastic-plastic analysis for thermal-stress evaluation of the new target, using the tensile-test results of bulk gold. For each type of stress, we compared the results of the analysis to the allowable stress. It turns out that the new target is capable of a primary-proton beam power up to 90 kW for a 5.52-s repetition cycle. In this paper, the design and preparation of the new target are presented.
Published: 2020
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3. Development of Lambertson Magnet and Septum Magnets for Splitting 30-GeV Proton Beam in Hadron Experimental Facility at J-PARC

Author: Yuhei Morino, Yutaka Yamanoi, Michifumi Minakawa, Erina Hirose, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Kazuya Aoki, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Y. Katoh, Keizo Agari, Yoshinori Sato, Akihisa Toyoda, Yoshihisa Shirakabe, Hiroaki Watanabe, Kyoichiro Ozawa, Hitoshi Takahashi, S. Sawada, R. Iwasaki, Masaharu Ieiri, Y. Fukao, and Ryotaro Muto
Subjects: Physics, Proton, Superconducting magnet, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Magnetic field, Nuclear physics, Beamline, Dipole magnet, Magnet, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Accelerator Physics, J-PARC, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Beam (structure)
Abstract: We developed a Lambertson magnet and two septum magnets as the splitting devices for the new beamline at the Hadron Experimental Facility in J-PARC. This new beamline, now under construction, is called high-p/COMET beamline, and the experiments using 30- and 8-GeV proton beams are planned. The required functions of the splitting devices are as follows: to split a small fraction (around 10−4) of the 30-GeV proton beam into the high-p/COMET beamline (30-GeV mode) and to bend all of the 8-GeV proton beam into the high-p/COMET beamline (8-GeV mode). These two requirements are met by adjusting the vertical beam position at the entrance of the Lambertson magnet. In 30-GeV mode, the Lambertson magnet is used to scrape the beam halo of the proton beam and bend the beam into the high-p/COMET beamline. The beam loss at the Lambertson magnet is inevitable; thus, the magnet must be resistant to the radiation and heat caused by the beam loss. The magnet is composed of nonorganic materials only and equipped with two water pipes to remove the heat induced by the beam loss. The branched beam is bent further by two septum magnets at the downstream of the Lambertson magnet. The construction and the magnetic field measurements of these devices were completed in March 2015, and the installation into the beamline is planned for the summer of year 2017.
Published: 2016
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4. Development of Large-Current Indirectly Cooled Radiation-Resistant Magnets

Author: S. Sawada, Akihiro Toyoda, Y. Katoh, Hiroyuki Noumi, Y. Saitoh, Erina Hirose, Hiroaki Watanabe, Yoshihisa Shirakabe, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Michifumi Minakawa, Yoichi Sato, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Minoru Takasaki, Keizo Agari, Ryotaro Muto, K. Yahata, Y. Satoh, Masaharu Ieiri, Hitoshi Takahashi, Megumi Naruki, and Yutaka Yamanoi
Subjects: Materials science, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Busbar, Mechanical engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, 01 natural sciences, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Electromagnetic coil, Electrical equipment, Magnet, 0103 physical sciences, Water cooling, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Current (fluid), 010306 general physics, Electrical conductor, Casing
Abstract: This paper reports developments of indirectly cooled radiation-resistant magnet coils, which can be loaded with 2000-A dc. This current capacity is required for the most upstream magnets of a new high-momentum beam line to be constructed in the future extension of the J-PARC hadron experimental facility. Indirectly cooled coils using solid-conductor-type mineral insulation cables (MICs) and stainless-steel water pipes were adopted to achieve high radiation hardness. MICs were sandwiched by independent cooling water pipes and stacked in a casing, and the entire coil assembly was filled with solder. However, the maximum load applied to the indirectly cooled MIC coils was limited to 1000-A dc, mainly owing to a heat problem at the end parts of the coils. In pursuit of the required current capability, we have carried out load tests using a test sample of the end parts, which consists of MIC current leads and a copper bus bar connecting the MIC conductors, instead of a whole MIC coil. By improving the structure of the end parts, we have succeeded to operate the test piece stably with 2000-A dc in a vacuum.
Published: 2016
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5. Electrostatic separators in the hadron experimental facility at J-PARC

Author: Keizo Agari, Erina Hirose, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Akihisa Toyoda, Minoru Takasaki, Megumi Naruki, Y. Katoh, Hitoshi Takahashi, Hiroaki Watanabe, Yoshihisa Shirakabe, Masaharu Ieiri, Yutaka Yamanoi, Ryotaro Muto, Michifumi Minakawa, S. Sawada, Yoshinori Sato, and Hiroyuki Noumi
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Wien filter, Hadron, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, Pion, Beamline, Electric field, Physics::Accelerator Physics, J-PARC, Atomic physics, Instrumentation, Beam (structure)
Abstract: An electrostatic separator is one of the key elements of a secondary beam line at the Hadron experimental hall of J-PARC. It generates a transverse electric field along the beam axis to separate particles of the same momentum by their mass differences. Two beam lines for charged secondary particles, K1.8 and K1.1BR, are constructed, to provide kaon beams with less contamination of pions. Three experimental areas, K1.8, K1.8BR and K1.1BR are available for nuclear and particle physics experiments. Two 6-m-separators and a 2-m-separator of a Wien filter type are installed for the K1.8 and the K1.1BR beam lines.
Published: 2013
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6. Indirectly Cooled Radiation-Resistant Magnets for Hadron Target Station at J-PARC

Author: Hitoshi Takahashi, Keizo Agari, M. Saijyo, Akio Kiyomichi, Yoshihisa Shirakabe, Ryotaro Muto, Yutaka Yamanoi, Michifumi Minakawa, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Hiroaki Watanabe, Minoru Takasaki, Y. Saitoh, Erina Hirose, Hiroyuki Noumi, K. Ogata, Megumi Naruki, S. Sawada, Akihiro Toyoda, Masami Iio, Masaharu Ieiri, K. Katoh, Yoichi Sato, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Y. Katoh, and K. Yahata
Subjects: Materials science, Nuclear engineering, Superconducting magnet, Condensed Matter Physics, Linear particle accelerator, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Electromagnetic coil, Magnet, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Vacuum chamber, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Quadrupole magnet, Beam (structure), Electronic circuit
Abstract: The target station in the hadron experimental facility at J-PARC consists of a production target and a huge vacuum chamber in which several secondary-beam-line magnets can work. This vacuum chamber system aims to remove the vacuum beam pipe from the magnet gap, because the cooling of the beam pipe is the most serious problem in the high intensity beam facility. We have developed indirectly cooled radiation-resistant magnets for the hadron target station. Their coils are made of solid-conductor type mineral-insulation cables and stainless-steel water pipes. They have the great advantages that electric circuits can be completely independent of water pass. The mechanical strength and the insulation performance of the coil are significantly improved also because the insulation water pipes can be avoided from the water pass. A C-type sector dipole and a figure-8-type quadrupole magnet have been fabricated by using indirectly cooled radiation-resistant magnet technology, and installed in the vacuum chamber. We have succeeded to operate them in vacuum stably with the current of DC 1000 A by improving the end structure of the MIC coils and increasing their emissivity. These magnets have been used for the real beam operation without any serious problems.
Published: 2010
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7. Radiation-Resistant Magnets for Hadron Experimental Hall of J-PARC

Author: Yoshihiro Suzuki, T. Ozawa, Ryotaro Muto, Y. Katoh, Minoru Takasaki, S. Sawada, Akihiro Toyoda, Megumi Naruki, Hiroyuki Noumi, M. Saijyo, Hiroaki Watanabe, T. Birumachi, Y. Saitoh, K. Yahata, Erina Hirose, Michifumi Minakawa, Keizo Agari, Yutaka Yamanoi, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Masami Iio, Akio Kiyomichi, K. Kato, Masaharu Ieiri, Hiroyuki Satoh, Hitoshi Takahashi, and Yoichi Sato
Subjects: Physics, Electromagnet, Proton Synchrotron, Particle accelerator, Condensed Matter Physics, Synchrotron, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, Magnet, Physics::Accelerator Physics, J-PARC, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nuclear Experiment, Particle beam, Beam (structure)
Abstract: More than 50 radiation-resistant electromagnets were constructed for the primary proton and the secondary particle beam lines of the Hadron Experimental Hall of Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). The main radiation-resistant technologies we employed were the Polyimide-resin Insulation conductor for magnets at the relatively low radiation exposure and the Mineral Insulation Cable for magnets at the seriously high radiation environment. The remote handling and maintenance scheme of radiation-resistant magnets for seriously high radiation environment was developed also based on the Chimney magnet technology and applied to magnets near the production target in the Hadron Hall. On January 27th 2009, the first proton beam was successfully introduced to the Hadron Hall from the main accelerator of J-PARC, i.e. 50 GeV Proton Synchrotron. On February 10th, the secondary particles were extracted to the experimental area of the Hadron Hall through the secondary particle beam line. No serious problem happened on magnets of both primary proton and the secondary particle beam lines until the end of the beam operation scheduled on February 26th .
Published: 2010
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8. Adsorption Behavior of Radionuclides on Ion-Exchange Resin from Cooling Water for the K2K Target and Magnetic Horns

Author: Yutaka Yamanoi, Masayuki Hagiwara, Norikazu Kinoshita, Kazuyoshi Masumoto, Kotaro Bessho, Akihiro Toyoda, and Hiroshi Matsumura
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Radionuclide, Chemistry, 020209 energy, Radiochemistry, T2K experiment, 02 engineering and technology, Condensed Matter Physics, Ion, 020303 mechanical engineering & transports, Adsorption, 0203 mechanical engineering, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, K2K experiment, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Water cooling, Nuclide, Ion-exchange resin
Abstract: The beam power in a new project of a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment from Tokai to Kamioka (the T2K experiment) will be approximately 100 times higher than that in a substantial long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment from the High EnergyAccelerator Research Organization (KEK) to Kamioka (the K2K experiment). In the T2K experiment, radionuclides at serious activity levels will be produced in a target, magnetic horns, and partially dissolved into the cooling water. Radionuclides at serious activity levels will also be produced in the cooling water. Therefore, we measured the total activity and distribution of 7 Be, 22 Na, 54 Mn, 57 Co, 60 Co, 88 Y, 101g Rh, 102m Rh, and 110m Ag collected on a demineralizer in the K2K water cooling system, in order to consider reducing both exposure to personnel from the demineralizer and radioactivity released by draining the cooling water at regular intervals in the T2K experiment. The total activity of the individual nuclides was estimated to range from 0.9 MBq to 0.7 GBq at the end of the 2-yr K2K operation. When the results are projected to the T2K experiment, 70 GBq of 7 Be and 6 GBq of 22 Na are particularly high, and shielding from the radiation must be provided for the entire water system. Half of the demineralizer was saturated with the Al, Cu, and Ag ions dissolved from the target and magnetic horns. When the entire column is saturated with the ions, all high activity of 22 Na located at the bottom of the demineralizer will be released into the cooling water immediately. Although 88 Y, 101g Rh, and 102m Rh cannot be collected completely because of weak retention by hydrolysis and/or association with colloid, a reduction in the surface area of the Ag metal is possible for new magnetic horns and will result in a decrease of the activities in the cooling water.
Published: 2009
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9. Electrostatic separator for K1.8 beam line at J-PARC

Author: Kazuhiro Tanaka, Akihisa Toyoda, Keizo Agari, Erina Hirose, Masaharu Ieiri, Y. Katoh, Hiroaki Watanabe, Hitoshi Takahashi, Michifumi Minakawa, Yoshinori Sato, Yutaka Yamanoi, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Minoru Takasaki, and Hiroyuki Noumi
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, High intensity, Separator (oil production), Particle accelerator, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Beamline, law, Electric field, Electrode, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Beam direction, J-PARC, Atomic physics, Instrumentation
Abstract: The new electrostatic (ES) separator to select and deliver 1–2 GeV/c kaon beams is made for the secondary beam line at the high intensity proton accelerator facility. The ES separator will generate a 75 kV/cm electrostatic field between parallel electrodes of 10 cm gap and 6 m in length along the beam direction. The K − /π − ratio of the line is expected to have a larger value than 1. It is designed so as to be radiation-proof and to lower spark rate comparing with the present separators.
Published: 2008
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10. Shield Penetrating Water Cooled Bus Ducts for Radiation Resistant Magnets at J-PARC

Author: Hitoshi Takahashi, Yoshinori Sato, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Akihisa Toyoda, Masaharu Ieiri, Keizo Agari, Yoshihiro Suzuki, M. Saijyo, Y. Katoh, K. Katoh, Yutaka Yamanoi, Minoru Takasaki, N. Saitoh, Michifumi Minakawa, Hiroaki Watanabe, Erina Hirose, and Hiroyuki Noumi
Subjects: Materials science, business.industry, Nuclear engineering, Shields, Particle accelerator, Superconducting magnet, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Beamline, law, Shield, Electromagnetic shielding, J-PARC, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Radiation protection, business
Abstract: The high intensity proton accelerator facility J-PARC is now in its final stage of construction. Soon intense primary proton beams will be slowly extracted to an experimental hall (HD-hall) and transported to a production target. Since the radiation level around the target will be very high, the beam line tunnel needs to be surrounded by 2.5 m-5 m thick concrete shields in the HD-hall. Radiation resistant magnets for handling high intensity beams are buried inside these thick concrete shields. This structure, however, brought us a problem of leading electric power lines to the magnets. For a solution to this problem, we have developed water cooled bus ducts penetrating radiation shield. These bus ducts enable us to connect the power supplies placed outside the shields to the magnets in the shortest power line length without any deterioration of protection ability of radiation shielding. The maximum power capacity of the bus duct is over 5000 A. The bus ducts plays an important part in our radiation resistant magnet system.
Published: 2008
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11. Development of Indirect-Cooling Radiation-Resistant Magnets

Author: Megumi Naruki, Yoshinori Sato, Akihisa Toyoda, Keizo Agari, Y. Katoh, S. Sawada, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Hitoshi Takahashi, Ryotaro Muto, Masaharu Ieiri, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Michifumi Minakawa, Yutaka Yamanoi, M. Saijo, Y. Saitoh, Erina Hirose, Hiroyuki Noumi, Hiroaki Watanabe, K. Yahata, Minoru Takasaki, Masami Iio, and K. Katoh
Subjects: Materials science, Nuclear engineering, Superconducting magnet, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Beamline, Magnet, Water cooling, Emissivity, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Vacuum chamber, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Beam (structure), Electronic circuit
Abstract: In a high-intensity proton beam facility, beam line elements downstream of a production target are exposed to a huge amount of radiation and heat. Beam pipes are closer to the beam than the magnet poles and more difficult to cool sufficiently without tritium production. Therefore, the magnets are placed in a large vacuum chamber, instead of using vacuum pipes located within the pole gaps. We have adopted indirect-cooling mineral-insulation-cable (MIC) coils for these magnets. They have a great advantage that the mechanical strength and the insulation performance can be significantly improved by avoiding the use of ceramic insulation pipes, because electric circuits are completely separated from water passages. We have made coils using 1000-A-class solid-conductor MICs and stainless-steel pipes, and tested magnet operation in vacuum. By improving the structure of end parts of MICs and increasing their emissivity, we have successfully fed the current of DC 1000 A to the solid-conductor MIC coils in vacuum.
Published: 2008
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12. Magnet Operation in Vacuum for High Radiation Environment Near Production Target

Author: Masaharu Ieiri, Y. Katoh, Hiroyuki Noumi, M. Saijo, Akihisa Toyoda, Y. Saitoh, Erina Hirose, Keizo Agari, Yoshikazu Yamada, K. Katoh, Yoshinori Sato, Hitoshi Takahashi, Yutaka Yamanoi, Hiroaki Watanabe, K. Yahata, Minoru Takasaki, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Michifumi Minakawa, and Yoshihiro Suzuki
Subjects: Materials science, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Ultra-high vacuum, Superconducting magnet, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Optics, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Beamline, Dipole magnet, Thermocouple, Magnet, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Vacuum chamber, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Beam (structure)
Abstract: In a high-intensity proton beam facility, beam line elements downstream of a production target are exposed to a huge amount of radiation and heat. A water-cooled beam collimator must be located between the target and the magnets, and the iron yokes of the magnets also have to be cooled by water. Moreover, beam pipes are closer to the beam than the magnet poles and more difficult to cool sufficiently without tritium production. Therefore, the magnets are placed in a large vacuum chamber, instead of using vacuum pipes located within the pole gaps. In order to reduce the residual radiation dose during maintenance, the chamber lid and feedthroughs are 4 meter above the beam line, and radiation-shielding blocks are also stacked in the chamber. We have tested magnet operation in vacuum using a dipole magnet with mineral-insulation-cable (MIC) coils and a nickel-coated yoke. A magnet with 2500-A-class hollow-conductor MIC coils has worked successfully with the current of DC 3000 A. The stability of operation in vacuum was confirmed by measuring the temperature with thermocouples and the magnetic field with a NMR probe. We have also succeeded in operating a 1000-A-class solid-conductor MIC coil in vacuum
Published: 2006
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13. Radiation-Resistant Magnets for the J-PARC

Author: Yoshikazu Yamada, Y. Katoh, Minoru Takasaki, Yutaka Yamanoi, Yoshinori Sato, K. Kato, Masaharu Ieiri, T. Birumachi, S. Tsukada, Y. Saitoh, Hiroyuki Noumi, Keizo Agari, Erina Hirose, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Hitoshi Takahashi, Akihisa Toyoda, Michifumi Minakawa, T. Watanabe, K. Yahata, Yoshihiro Suzuki, and T. Ozawa
Subjects: Materials science, Particle accelerator, Superconducting magnet, Copper conductor, engineering.material, Condensed Matter Physics, Synchrotron, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Nuclear magnetic resonance, law, Magnet, engineering, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Composite material, Layer (electronics), Excitation, Polyimide
Abstract: Several species of radiation-resistant magnets were developed for J-PARC, a Japanese brand-new high-intensity accelerator complex, whose maximum beam power reaches 1 MW. The first development was polyimide insulation magnets. The ordinal epoxy resin was replaced by polyimide resin in order to improve its radiation lifetime up to $4 \times 10^8$ Gy. Most accelerator magnets of J-PARC were assembled with polyimide insulation coils. Peripherals of polyimide insulation magnets, such as insulation water tubes, water valves, water gaskets, etc., were replaced also by ones made of inorganic materials. The second development was mineral insulation magnets. Magnet excitation coils were made of “Mineral Insulation Cable (MIC).” The copper conductor of MIC was surrounded by a thin MgO insulation layer, and the MgO layer was covered by a copper sheath. Several sizes of MIC cross section were developed for large and small magnets with various maximum currents from 1000 to 3000 A. Peripherals of magnets assembled with MIC coils were also made of completely inorganic materials. These MIC magnets were used at the downstream part of beam loss points such as the secondary particle production target of Hadron Experimental Facility. The R&D stories of the radiation-resistant magnets, including the present status of the magnet operation, are briefly summarized.
Published: 2006
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14. The Beam-Handling Magnet System for the J-PARC Neutrino Beam Line

Author: N. Saitoh, M. Saijyo, Minoru Takasaki, Erina Hirose, Yoshikazu Yamada, Yoshinori Sato, Hiroyuki Noumi, H. Tanaka, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Hiroaki Watanabe, Y. Katoh, Michifumi Minakawa, K. Kato, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Hitoshi Takahashi, Masaharu Ieiri, Akihisa Toyoda, Yutaka Yamanoi, and Keizo Agari
Subjects: Physics, business.industry, Superconducting magnet, Condensed Matter Physics, Line (electrical engineering), Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Nuclear physics, Optics, Beamline, Magnet, Water cooling, Physics::Accelerator Physics, J-PARC, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Neutrino oscillation, business, Beam (structure)
Abstract: The facility of the long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment using the J-PARC's 50 GeV-0.75 MW proton beam is now under way. The primary proton beam line consists of three sections, i.e. the first preparation (PP) section with normal conducting magnets, the second arc (ARC) section with superconducting magnets and the third final focus (FF) section with normal conducting magnets. In the PP section, we have to clean the primary proton beam extracted from the 50 GeV-PS and transport halo-less pure beam only to the ARC section. In the FF section the magnets have to be placed very close to the pion production target and horns. Therefore the normal conducting magnets have to work in the very high radioactive environment. The R&D works on the radiation resistant magnets for handling a high-intensity proton beam have already been continued at KEK as reported in . Another important point regarding high-intensity beam handling is to realize easy maintenance of the beam line. Any magnet experiencing trouble can be easily removed from beam line and repaired remotely. For this purpose, we developed new tools for the magnet maintenance. These are automatic sling apparatus, quick alignment and installation guide, and the quick disconnect devices of cooling water and electric power. In this paper, we will report the beam line maintenance scheme developed for the neutrino beam line, as well as the design of normal conducting magnet sections
Published: 2006
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15. Secondary beam production in the nuclear and particle physics facility in J-PARC

Author: A. Ichikawa, J. Imazato, K. Nishikawa, Y. Hayato, T. Nakadaira, Erina Hirose, S. Ueda, Michifumi Minakawa, Hiroyuki Noumi, Yoshinori Sato, Yoshihiro Suzuki, T. Ooyabu, Hitoshi Takahashi, Keizo Agari, Yutaka Yamanoi, and Takashi Kobayashi
Subjects: Physics, Accelerator physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Proton, Nuclear Theory, Particle accelerator, Particle detector, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, law, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, General Materials Science, J-PARC, Neutrino, Nuclear Experiment, Beam (structure)
Abstract: At the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), the world highest intensity secondary beams of kaons, pions, anti-protons, muons, and neutrinos will be produced by irradiating a target with the 50 GeV primary proton beam of 0.75 MW. Utilizing such high intensity secondary beams, various unique and interesting experimental studies in nuclear and particle physics can be carried out. We will describe the current R&D status of the target systems to be constructed in the Nuclear and Particle Physics Experimental Hall (NP-Hall) and the neutrino beam line of J-PARC. Some experimental studies proposed there will be also introduced.
Published: 2005
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16. GPS survey in long baseline neutrino-oscillation measurement

Author: Kenzo Nakamura, K. Nishikawa, T. Inagaki, E. Kusano, Michifumi Minakawa, M. Kohama, Yutaka Yamanoi, M. Kurodai, Makoto Sakuda, Masaharu Ieiri, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Hiroyuki Noumi, Minoru Takasaki, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Takehisa Hasegawa, Y. Katoh, and Tomoyuki Maruyama
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Beam diameter, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Magnetic horn, Nuclear Energy and Engineering, Neutrino detector, law, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Focal length, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Beam (structure)
Abstract: We made a series of surveys to obtain neutrino beam line direction toward SuperKamiokande (SK) at a distance of 250 km for the long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment at KEK. We found that the beam line is directed to SK within 0.03 mr and 0.09 mr (in sigma) in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. During beam operation, we monitored the muon distribution from secondary pions produced at the target and collected by a magnetic horn system. We found that the horn system functions like a lens of a point-to-parallel optics with magnification of approximately -100 and the focal length of 2.3 m. Namely, a small displacement of the primary beam position at the target is magnified about a factor -100 at the muon centroid, while the centroid position is almost stable against a change of the incident angle of the primary beam. Therefore, the muon centroid can be a useful monitor of the neutrino beam direction. We could determine the muon centroid within 6 mm and 12 mm in horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. This means that the neutrino beam direction could be controlled within 0.03 mr and 0.06 mr (in sigma) in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively. We confirmed the beam direction with the neutrino distribution reconstructed at the near detector in KEK.
Published: 2004
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17. Development of Radiation Resistant Magnets for JHF/J-PARC

Author: Michifumi Minakawa, Hitoshi Takahashi, K. Yahata, Yutaka Yamanoi, Yoshikazu Yamada, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Norio Saito, Akihiro Toyoda, Hiroyuki Noumi, Y. Katoh, K. Kato, Masaharu Ieiri, Minoru Takasaki, Y. Saitoh, Erina Hirose, Kazuhiro Tanaka, H. Tanaka, S. Tsukuda, Yoichi Sato, T. Birumachi, and Keizo Agari
Subjects: Physics, Proton Synchrotron, Particle accelerator, Superconducting magnet, Condensed Matter Physics, Synchrotron, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, Magnet, Physics::Accelerator Physics, J-PARC, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Particle physics experiments, Nuclear Experiment, Quadrupole magnet
Abstract: A series of the R&D works on the radiation resistant magnets for the Japan Hadron Facility (JHF) project has been continued at the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK). The JHF is a high-energy part of the Japanese high intensity Particle Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), which is Japanese next-generation high-intensity accelerator project. The main JHF accelerator is the 50 GeV proton synchrotron and will provide high intensity 15/spl mu/A proton beam for various nuclear and particle physics experiments. This time, the actual sized completely-inorganic radiation-resistant quadrupole magnet, designed for the 50 GeV proton beam transportation, was manufactured successfully by using mineral insulation magnet cable (MIC). The assembling procedure and the test results are presented in this issue.
Published: 2004
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18. Development and operational experience of magnetic horn system for T2K experiment

Author: Yoshikazu Yamada, L. Bartoszek, T. Ishii, T. Maruyama, Hitoshi Kobayashi, Ken Sakashita, M. Tzanov, T. Tsukamoto, Z. Butcher, Yuichi Oyama, Koji Nakamura, A. Missert, Yutaka Yamanoi, Hiroshi Yamaoka, T. Kobayashi, K. Nakayoshi, K. Nishikawa, T. Hasegawa, M. Tada, A. K. Ichikawa, Hiroshi Matsumoto, S. Koike, Yoshihiro Suzuki, E. D. Zimmerman, Yuki Fujii, Tetsuro Sekiguchi, K. Koseki, S. J. Coleman, Masayuki Hagiwara, T. Nakadaira, M. Shibata, Kenji Hayashi, Kasuke Takahashi, Kotaro Bessho, J. Spitz, Taku Ishida, and Hidetoshi Kubo
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Proton, business.industry, T2K experiment, FOS: Physical sciences, Oscillation phenomenon, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Power (physics), law.invention, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), Magnetic horn, Optics, Beamline, law, J-PARC, business, Instrumentation, Beam (structure)
Abstract: A magnetic horn system to be operated at a pulsed current of 320 kA and to survive high-power proton beam operation at 750 kW was developed for the T2K experiment. The first set of T2K magnetic horns was operated for over 12 million pulses during the four years of operation from 2010 to 2013, under a maximum beam power of 230 kW, and $6.63\times10^{20}$ protons were exposed to the production target. No significant damage was observed throughout this period. This successful operation of the T2K magnetic horns led to the discovery of the $\nu_{\mu}\rightarrow\nu_e$ oscillation phenomenon in 2013 by the T2K experiment. In this paper, details of the design, construction, and operation experience of the T2K magnetic horns are described., Comment: 22 pages, 40 figures, also submitted to Nuclear Instrument and Methods in Physics Research, A
Published: 2015

19. Development of radiation-resistant magnets for JHF project

Author: E. Kusano, T. Birumachi, Michifumi Minakawa, Y. Saitoh, Yutaka Yamanoi, K. Katoh, Masaharu Ieiri, Keizo Agari, Kazuhiro Tanaka, S. Tsukada, Hiroyuki Noumi, Minoru Takasaki, Yoshihiro Suzuki, H. Tanaka, Yoichi Sato, Y. Katoh, and K. Yahata
Subjects: Physics, Radiation resistant, High intensity, Proton Synchrotron, Particle accelerator, Superconducting magnet, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, High energy accelerator, Magnet, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: As a part of the Japan Hadron Facility (JHF) Project, R&D on radiation-resistant magnets is being carried out at the High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK). JHF is the Japanese next-generation high-intensity accelerator project, which will provide 1-MW proton beams of 3 GeV and 50 GeV for various fields of science.
Published: 2002
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20. Large horn magnets at the KEK neutrino beam line. II

Author: K. Nishikawa, T. Inagaki, Tomoyuki Maruyama, H. Nuomi, Minoru Takasaki, Y. Kato, Yutaka Yamanoi, Masaharu Ieiri, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Yoshihiro Suzuki, E. Kusano, Michifumi Minakawa, and M. Kohama
Subjects: Physics, Proton Synchrotron, Superconducting magnet, Condensed Matter Physics, Synchrotron, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Magnetic field, Nuclear physics, law, Horn (acoustic), Magnet, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation
Abstract: For pt.I see Yamanoi et al., Proc. on Magnet Technology, p.711 (1997) We report on the status of the latest operation of the horn magnets. Our two types of large horn magnets were installed in the neutrino beam line at the KEK-12 GeV Proton Synchrotron (KEK-PS) and have been operated since March 1999. These two focusing magnets were designed to be excited at pulsed-high currents of up to 250 kA. One of the special characters of our horn magnet is a built-in pion-production target at the most upstream part of the inner conductor. This configuration enable us to increase the neutrino flux as high as possible with low-energy primary protons from the KEK-PS. Our horns have a coaxial-shape structure with a large diameter, i.e. a large volume of the magnetic field, in order to collect as many pions as possible. We estimate that the neutrino flux is enhanced by a factor of 14 by using this horn system. Both horns have been excited over 10/sup 6/ times at pulsed currents of 175 kA-250 kA. Some beginning problems were found in the peripheral apparatus of the horn magnets, and the built-in production target was found have a fatal mechanical damage. In the spring run, the performance of our horn magnet system was almost sufficient as a pion focusing device for a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment.
Published: 2000
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21. Subthreshold antiproton production in pA, dA and αA reactions

Author: Kazuhiro Tanaka, K. Kimura, H. Ochiishi, Yutaka Yamanoi, J. Chiba, D. Ashery, Tomofumi Nagae, Y. Yoshimura, K. Yasuda, H. Ito, J. Murata, T. Murakami, S. Sawada, Yu. T. Kiselev, S. Kouda, Toshiharu Suzuki, T. Shibata, Michiko Sekimoto, Y. Nakai, Y. Sugaya, Masaharu Numajiri, Kazumasa Miyano, Masaharu Nomachi, and M.K. Vlasov
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Subthreshold conduction, Nuclear Theory, chemistry.chemical_element, Nuclear physics, Momentum, Deuterium, chemistry, Orders of magnitude (time), Antiproton, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon, Helium
Abstract: An enormous enhancement of antiproton production in deuteron- and α-induced reactions has been observed in the subthreshold energy region between 2 and 5 GeV/nucleon. Antiprotons produced at 5.1° with a momentum range of between 1.0 and 2.5 GeV/ c were measured by a beam-line spectrometer and identified by the time-of-flight method. The production cross sections in the deuteron- and α-induced reactions at an incident energy of 3.5 GeV/nucleon were 2 and 3 orders of magnitude larger than those in proton-induced reaction at the same energy. The enhancement in light-ion reactions could not be explained by the internal motion in the projectile and target nuclei. The target-mass dependence (C, Al, Cu and Pb) of the cross sections has also been studied. Further, the cross sections of π and K productions were measured.
Published: 1998
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22. Precision positioning of SuperKamiokande with GPS for a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment

Author: Yutaka Yamanoi, Hiroyoshi Kasa, M. Kurodai, Masaharu Ieiri, Y. Katoh, K. Nakamura, K. Nishikawa, Kazuhiro Tanaka, K. Yoshimura, Minoru Takasaki, Hitoshi Ishii, Hiroyuki Noumi, Yoshihiro Suzuki, and Michifumi Minakawa
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, business.industry, Coordinate system, Triangulation (social science), Geodetic datum, Geodesy, Ellipsoid, Nuclear physics, Neutrino detector, Line (geometry), Global Positioning System, Detectors and Experimental Techniques, business, Neutrino oscillation, Instrumentation
Abstract: A positioning of the neutrino detector SuperKamiokande (SK) was made for a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment planned at KEK. For positioning, Global Positioning System (GPS) was employed. It has been demonstrated that GPS is of practical use for measuring the positions of SK and KEK, being 250 km distance from each other, to a better resolution. The geodetic coordinates at the SK center were obtained to be Lat. 36°25′32.5862″ N., Long. 137°18′37.1241″ E., H. 371.839 m in the global ellipsoidal coordinate system, WGS-84. The obtained coordinates are based on the coordinates given at a triangulation point at the KEK site. The present work will be fed back for constructing the neutrino beam line.
Published: 1997
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23. Conducting Pulsed Target

Author: Koji Yoshimura, Yutaka Yamanoi, B. Autin, and Peter Sievers
Subjects: Pulse power supply, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Engineering, Optics, Conceptual design, business.industry, Electrical engineering, business, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract: Conducting pulsed target scheme has been studied as an alternative targetry solution used for a dedicated high-intense and bright muon source (PRISM). We made a conceptual design and have developed a pulse power supply and a mercury loop to be used for the proof-of-principle test.
Published: 2005
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24. Neutron beam line at the KEK 12-GeV PS

Author: F. Nakayama, S. Sawada, Y.D. Kim, Y. Katoh, M. Kawabata, Kazuhiro Tanaka, M Ishii, Yutaka Yamanoi, S. Ishimoto, H. Ogami, A. Ogawa, Y. Mizuno, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Hiroyuki Noumi, Michael A. Kovash, T. Sasaki, Masaharu Ieiri, J. Trice, T. Iwata, Keisuke Tamura, Michifumi Minakawa, T.-A. Shibata, N. Horikawa, Minoru Takasaki, and Takehisa Hasegawa
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Nuclear Theory, chemistry.chemical_element, Neutron radiation, Synchrotron, law.invention, Nuclear physics, chemistry, Deuterium, law, Neutron flux, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutron, Beryllium, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Beam (structure), Line (formation)
Abstract: A neutron beam line has been constructed at the KEK-proton synchrotron. Neutrons have been produced by the disintegration reactions of deuterons in a 6 cm thick beryllium target. Deuteron beams of 2–6 GeV have provided neutron beams of 1–3 GeV. The neutron flux increases with the deuteron energy. The typical beam intensities obtained were 1 × 108, 2 × 108, and 3 × 108 neutrons per 1011 deuterons of 2, 4, and 6 GeV, respectively. The neutron-momentum width, Δpp, was measured to be (4 ± 1) % in sigma at 1 GeV.
Published: 1996
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25. Development of radiation-resistant magnet coils for high-intensity beam lines. II. Completely inorganic insulated coils

Author: K. Kato, K. Yahata, N. Sinozuka, Minoru Takasaki, K.H. Tanaka, S. Tsukada, K. Iwanaga, Y. Saito, Yutaka Yamanoi, and S. Ito
Subjects: Materials science, Electromagnet, Copper conductor, engineering.material, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Mineral-insulated copper-clad cable, Electromagnetic coil, law, Magnet, visual_art, engineering, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Fiber, Ceramic, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Composite material, Beam (structure)
Abstract: For pt. I see IEEE Trans. Magn., vo1.30, p.2511, (1994). We report here on R/D work concerning two types of radiation-resistant magnet coils, which were insulated using completely inorganic materials. Regarding the first coil, the electric insulator employed was a alumina long fiber and a ceramic binder. A new combination of adhesive agent, inorganic filler and alumina long fiber was found, which enabled us to form a strong insulation layer which does not peel off from a copper conductor. The magnet coil for 2000 A excitation current was produced using this insulation method. The second coil is a mineral insulated cable (MIG) with a 3000 A excitation current. This 3000 A-class MIC has been manufactured as a short sample, and was tested concerning its electric insulation both before and after bending.
Published: 1996
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26. Ionization chamber as a p, d and α beam intensity monitor

Author: Y. Sugaya, K. Yasuda, Yutaka Yamanoi, Masaharu Numajiri, Kazuhiro Tanaka, H. Ochiishi, Y. Yoshimura, J. Chiba, and Yu. T. Kiselev
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Subthreshold conduction, Ionization chamber, Beam monitor, Atomic physics, Instrumentation, Beam (structure), Intensity (physics)
Abstract: An ionization chamber was studied as a low-intensity beam monitor and worked well for p, d and α beams in the intensity range from 2.0 × 10 6 to 1.4 × 10 12 particles per 1.5 second spill. The stability of response to beams was within 2% during 3 weeks of measurements of subthreshold p production.
Published: 1996
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27. Subthreshold antiproton productions in pA, dA and αA reactions

Author: Yu. T. Kiselev, Y. Sugaya, Masaharu Nomachi, Kazuhiro Tanaka, J. Chiba, Michiko Sekimoto, Y. Yoshimura, H. Ito, K. Kimura, S. Kouda, Y. Nakai, K. Yasuda, T. Murakami, Yutaka Yamanoi, M.K. Vlasov, S. Sawada, D. Ashery, H. Ochiishi, Kazumasa Miyano, Toshiharu Suzuki, and T. Nagae
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Range (particle radiation), Subthreshold conduction, Nuclear Theory, Proton Synchrotron, Ion, Nuclear physics, Antiproton, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Incident energy, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Heavy ion, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon
Abstract: In April 1994, 4 He ions were accelerated at the KEK proton synchrotron for the first time. Subthreshold antiproton productions with α beams in the incident energy range between 2.0 and 5.0 GeV/nucleon were measured for antiproton momenta between 1.0 and 2.5 GeV/c. The data are compared with the p production cross sections in pA and dA collisions measured previously by our group as well as those in heavy ion collisions.
Published: 1995
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28. Energy spectra and angular distribution of intermediate mass fragments emitted in reactions with Ep = 12 GeV (The first result of the KEK-12GeV-PS experiment; E288)

Author: Y. Sugaya, T.-A. Shibata, K. Yasuda, S. Morinobu, Y. J. Tanaka, Yutaka Yamanoi, H. Ochiishi, H. Ito, Kazuhiro Tanaka, H. Akiyoshi, K. Kimura, S. Kouda, H. Nakamura, and T. Murakami
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Angular distribution, Toroid, Isotropy, Proton Synchrotron, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear matter, Coincidence, Energy (signal processing), Spectral line
Abstract: The latest results of the first nuclear multifragmentation experiment, E288 [1], at the KEK 12 GeV Proton Synchrotron (KEK-PS) are presented. The energy spectra of intermediate mass fragments (IMFs) were measured inclusively from 30° to 150° with 20° step in the lab. system. Coincidence measurements with one extra IMF emitted toward 90° direction in the opposite hemisphere were performed at the same time. Characteristic sideward flow of IMFs toward 70° direction was found with the usual isotropic component. This isotropic component was trongly suppressed in the coincidence measurement. These facts may indicate the formation of unusually shaped nuclear matter such as an expanding toroid.
Published: 1995
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29. Measurements of the T2K neutrino beam properties using the INGRID on-axis near detector

Author: J. Marteau, Z. Williamson, P. F. Loverre, M. Iida, T. Ishii, M. M. Khabibullin, H. Kaji, J. Blocki, Andrew Marone, S. Dytman, H. Kubo, J. M. Roney, T. Ishida, J. Bouchez, Thorsten Lux, J. Zmuda, Frédéric Dufour, M. Gonin, G. P. Ward, Y. Kouzuma, L. Escudero, Kenichi Tanaka, Akitaka Ariga, R.P. Kurjata, S. W. Bentham, J. R. Wilson, C. Nielsen, M. Messina, I. T. Lim, Shigeki Aoki, S. Giffin, I. Z. Danko, Justin Albert, A. V. Waldron, P. A. Rodrigues, M. Besnier, J. Dobson, A. Minamino, N. Abgrall, Joshua Hignight, Yoshihiro Suzuki, K. Tashiro, Katsuyu Kasami, S. Tobayama, J. L. Stone, J. J. Walding, V. Galymov, K. Kowalik, J. Myslik, M. Malek, L. L. Kormos, S. Horikawa, Masashi Tanaka, Koji Nakamura, A. N. Khotjantsev, Y. Fujii, Suyong Choi, Alastair Grant, T. Golan, C. Hansen, Y. Totsuka, J. D. Perkin, M. Barbi, G. Mituka, V. Paolone, T. Maryon, K. Iyogi, Yutaka Yamanoi, M. M. Tanaka, W. Metcalf, W. Coleman, T. Wongjirad, F. Di Lodovico, André Rubbia, S. Takahashi, F. Bay, Hiroshi Yamaoka, A. Marchionni, T. Nobuhara, C. A. Chavez, J. Kisiel, T. Kikawa, A. C. Weber, M. J. Wilking, E. D. Zimmerman, Tomiyoshi Haruyama, Robert Henderson, K. Zaremba, Atsushi Takeda, M. Siyad, V. Pettinacci, M. Miura, Barry L. Nelson, Yu. G. Kudenko, T. Ozaki, E. Mazzucato, N. Kimura, L. Monfregola, J. Dumarchez, J. P.A.M. De André, Robert Wilson, K. Suzuki, D. Naples, Y. Takeuchi, Shinya Yamada, A. Robert, J. Steinmann, S. Di Luise, M. Ravonel, K. Nitta, Norio Higashi, K. Gilje, G. F. Pearce, R. A. Johnson, C. Giganti, H. S. Budd, Oleg Mineev, Alexander Finch, N. Grant, A. Izmaylov, A. Curioni, M. Taguchi, C. K. Jung, J. L. Raaf, Michal Dziewiecki, G. Jover-Manas, M. Ziembicki, G. Collazuol, Sy Suzuki, M. Murdoch, Minoru Otani, E. L. Mathie, K. Nishikawa, A. Carver, P. Paul, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, J. A. Nowak, D. Kielczewska, M. Batkiewicz, C. Ishihara, A. Dabrowska, Takahiro Okamura, J. Argyriades, D. Ruterbories, Mark Scott, Jan T. Sobczyk, P. de Perio, K. Laihem, A.K. Ghosh, J. Beucher, N. West, I. Kato, S. Yen, T. Yano, T. Dealtry, Michel Raymond, A. Missert, P. Guzowski, S. B. Boyd, M. Sorel, Takaaki Kajita, G. D. Lopez, Luigi Salvatore Esposito, N. Nagai, J. Zalipska, J. Lagoda, M. Iwasaki, T. Hara, F. Pierre, R. A. Wendell, G. Christodoulou, T. Lindner, O. Drapier, M. Bass, A. Suzuki, B. Hartfiel, Masashi Yokoyama, Y. Obayashi, C. Densham, K. Sasaki, F. Moreau, M. A. Ward, Vincenzo Berardi, E. Poplawska, K. Ueno, Hiroaki Aihara, P. N. Ratoff, P. T. Le, C. Bojechko, R. J. Smith, S. Manly, J. M. Levy, M. Zito, A. Konaka, S. Gomi, Yasuhiro Makida, M. Szeptycka, Leigh H. Whitehead, T. Kutter, A. K. Ichikawa, S. Roth, Federico Sanchez, K. Koseki, Tomoko Ariga, I. Kreslo, T. Sekiguchi, Kimihiro Okumura, A. Cazes, M. Ieva, N. Kulkarni, A. Hillairet, A. Cervera, K. Ieki, V. Palladino, Tsuyoshi Nakaya, J. Kubota, Masayuki Nakahata, Y. Uchida, J. Escallier, C. W. Walter, D. G. Brook-Roberge, H. Kakuno, C. Matsumura, D. Payne, R. Tacik, C. Hearty, A. Delbart, Tatsushi Nakamoto, M. A. George, K. Kaneyuki, Gavin Davies, J. Ilic, L. Ludovici, B. E. Berger, G. Vasseur, S. Murphy, D. Karlen, K. Hamano, T. Tsukamoto, Toru Ogitsu, K. Mavrokoridis, F. d. M. Blaszczyk, P. Kitching, G. Ganetis, Michael Anerella, R. Castillo, Yuichi Oyama, Scott Davis, D. Hansen, M. O. Wascko, R. P. Litchfield, E. Kearns, Masato Shiozawa, L. Zambelli, R. J. Wilkes, B. A. Popov, David Calvet, Hiroyuki Kawamuko, S. Koike, F. Retiere, C. Licciardi, S. J. Ives, S. Assylbekov, A. Haesler, C. A. Miller, Takayuki Tomaru, Biagio Rossi, Hiroyuki Sekiya, I. Taylor, T. Szeglowski, Soo-Bong Kim, B. Still, G. Wikström, S. Bhadra, B. Kirby, C. Strabel, Kendall Mahn, Kate Scholberg, E. Frank, Marco Laveder, M. Hartz, A. Ferrero, W. Toki, S. Nakayama, P. Mijakowski, A. Sarrat, S. Short, N. C. Hastings, U. Dore, A. Thorley, Henry W. Sobel, T. M. Raufer, M. D. Haigh, A. Gendotti, A. Korzenev, Joseph Muratore, P. Wanderer, J. J. Gomez-Cadenas, Yoshinari Hayato, C. Yanagisawa, Gareth J. Barker, Y. Shimizu, Dmitriy Beznosko, J. P. Coleman, Rhiju Das, B. Jamieson, Y. Kurimoto, Michael Litos, P. Gumplinger, C. Touramanis, Antonio Ereditato, N. Yershov, R. L. Helmer, Kevin Scott McFarland, Takashi Kobayashi, D. I. Scully, E. Radicioni, T. Maruyama, Marek Stodulski, T. Nakadaira, A. Yamamoto, F. Khanam, G.D. Barr, D. L. Wark, M. Y. Pac, K. P. Lee, A. Muir, Kodai Matsuoka, R. Terri, T. Hasegawa, S. Mine, A. D. Marino, A. Blondel, S. Sabouri, M. Fechner, Fred Gannaway, J. Marzec, N. J. Buchanan, A. Bravar, O. Araoka, Y. Yamada, K. Nakajima, M. Tada, Hirokatsu Ohhata, S. L. Cartwright, Y. Fukuda, D. Autiero, K. Connolly, T. Yamauchi, S. W. K. Emery, Yasuo Ajima, T. McLachlan, D. Terhorst, K. Abe, R. Sacco, A. Terashima, C. McGrew, C. Andreopoulos, M. L. Navin, H.A. Tanaka, Achim Stahl, N. Tanimoto, J. M. Poutissou, C. Bronner, T. C. Nicholls, Iain Alexander Bertram, J. Imber, S. Moriyama, P. Stamoulis, A. Gaudin, W. Qian, M. B. Smy, A. Zalewska, G. Kogan, J. Swierblewski, M. Shibata, G. De Rosa, H. Nishino, A. Hyndman, R. A. Owen, A. Badertscher, S. M. Oser, M. Macaire, Y. Seiya, J. Schwehr, Y. Takenaga, M. Goldhaber, T. Yuan, K. Mizouchi, Viktor Matveev, Paul Fraser Harrison, T. Okusawa, Jungsang Kim, S. Y. Suzuki, M. Ikeda, Ken Sakashita, Antonin Vacheret, W. R. Kropp, J. F. Martin, M. Tzanov, C. J. Metelko, R. Poutissou, P. Masliah, B. Morgan, A. Hatzikoutelis, J. Y. Kim, R. Sulej, K. K. Joo, T. Wachala, Yusuke Koshio, M. Mezzetto, A. Murakami, T. Nakai, Jing Wang, E. Rondio, P. Dinh Tran, N. McCauley, J. Kameda, P. Przewlocki, Lester D.R. Thompson, K. Hayashi, M. Vagins, B. Andrieu, J. Holeczek, M. Dziomba, Eiichi Hirose, M. Posiadala, M. G. Catanesi, V. Kravtsov, M. Day, A. Longhin, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, T2K, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Abgrall, Nicolas, Argyriades, Jeremy, Blondel, Alain, Bravar, Alessandro, Dufour, Fanny, Ferrero, Andréa, Haesler, Alexis, Korzenev, Alexander, Murphy, Sébastien, Ravonel Salzgeber, Melody, Wikstrom, Gustav, K., Abe, N., Abgrall, Y., Ajima, H., Aihara, J. B., Albert, C., Andreopoulo, B., Andrieu, M. D., Anerella, S., Aoki, O., Araoka, J., Argyriade, A., Ariga, T., Ariga, S., Assylbekov, D., Autiero, A., Badertscher, M., Barbi, G. J., Barker, G., Barr, M., Ba, M., Batkiewicz, F., Bay, S., Bentham, V., Berardi, B. E., Berger, I., Bertram, M., Besnier, J., Beucher, D., Beznosko, S., Bhadra, F. d. M., Blaszczyk, J., Blocki, A., Blondel, C., Bojechko, J., Bouchez, S. B., Boyd, A., Bravar, C., Bronner, D. G., Brook Roberge, N., Buchanan, H., Budd, D., Calvet, S. L., Cartwright, A., Carver, R., Castillo, M. G., Catanesi, A., Caze, A., Cervera, C., Chavez, S., Choi, G., Christodoulou, J., Coleman, G., Collazuol, W., Coleman, K., Connolly, A., Curioni, A., Dabrowska, I., Danko, R., Da, G. S., Davie, S., Davi, M., Day, DE ROSA, Gianfranca, J. P. A. M., de André, P., de Perio, T., Dealtry, A., Delbart, C., Densham, F., Di Lodovico, S., Di Luise, P., Dinh Tran, J., Dobson, U., Dore, O., Drapier, F., Dufour, J., Dumarchez, S., Dytman, M., Dziewiecki, M., Dziomba, S., Emery, A., Ereditato, J. E., Escallier, L., Escudero, L. S., Esposito, M., Fechner, A., Ferrero, A. J., Finch, E., Frank, Y., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, V., Galymov, G. L., Ganeti, F. C., Gannaway, A., Gaudin, A., Gendotti, M., George, S., Giffin, C., Giganti, K., Gilje, A. K., Ghosh, T., Golan, M., Goldhaber, J. J., Gomez Cadena, S., Gomi, M., Gonin, N., Grant, A., Grant, P., Gumplinger, P., Guzowski, A., Haesler, M. D., Haigh, K., Hamano, C., Hansen, D., Hansen, T., Hara, P. F., Harrison, B., Hartfiel, M., Hartz, T., Haruyama, T., Hasegawa, N. C., Hasting, A., Hatzikouteli, K., Hayashi, Y., Hayato, C., Hearty, R. L., Helmer, R., Henderson, N., Higashi, J., Hignight, A., Hillairet, E., Hirose, J., Holeczek, S., Horikawa, A., Hyndman, A. K., Ichikawa, K., Ieki, M., Ieva, M., Iida, M., Ikeda, J., Ilic, J., Imber, T., Ishida, C., Ishihara, T., Ishii, S. J., Ive, M., Iwasaki, K., Iyogi, A., Izmaylov, B., Jamieson, R. A., Johnson, K. K., Joo, G. V., Jover Mana, C. K., Jung, H., Kaji, T., Kajita, H., Kakuno, J., Kameda, K., Kaneyuki, D., Karlen, K., Kasami, I., Kato, H., Kawamuko, E., Kearn, M., Khabibullin, F., Khanam, A., Khotjantsev, D., Kielczewska, T., Kikawa, J., Kim, J. Y., Kim, S. B., Kim, N., Kimura, B., Kirby, J., Kisiel, P., Kitching, T., Kobayashi, G., Kogan, S., Koike, A., Konaka, L. L., Kormo, A., Korzenev, K., Koseki, Y., Koshio, Y., Kouzuma, K., Kowalik, V., Kravtsov, I., Kreslo, W., Kropp, H., Kubo, J., Kubota, Y., Kudenko, N., Kulkarni, Y., Kurimoto, R., Kurjata, T., Kutter, J., Lagoda, K., Laihem, M., Laveder, K. P., Lee, P. T., Le, J. M., Levy, C., Licciardi, I. T., Lim, T., Lindner, R. P., Litchfield, M., Lito, A., Longhin, G. D., Lopez, P. F., Loverre, L., Ludovici, T., Lux, M., Macaire, K., Mahn, Y., Makida, M., Malek, S., Manly, A., Marchionni, A. D., Marino, A. J., Marone, J., Marteau, J. F., Martin, T., Maruyama, T., Maryon, J., Marzec, P., Masliah, E. L., Mathie, C., Matsumura, K., Matsuoka, V., Matveev, K., Mavrokoridi, E., Mazzucato, N., Mccauley, K. S., Mcfarland, C., Mcgrew, T., Mclachlan, M., Messina, W., Metcalf, C., Metelko, M., Mezzetto, P., Mijakowski, C. A., Miller, A., Minamino, O., Mineev, S., Mine, A. D., Missert, G., Mituka, M., Miura, K., Mizouchi, L., Monfregola, F., Moreau, B., Morgan, S., Moriyama, A., Muir, A., Murakami, J. F., Muratore, M., Murdoch, S., Murphy, J., Myslik, N., Nagai, T., Nakadaira, M., Nakahata, T., Nakai, K., Nakajima, T., Nakamoto, K., Nakamura, S., Nakayama, T., Nakaya, D., Naple, M. L., Navin, B., Nelson, T. C., Nicholl, C., Nielsen, K., Nishikawa, H., Nishino, K., Nitta, T., Nobuhara, J. 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T., Sobczyk, H., Sobel, M., Sorel, A., Stahl, P., Stamouli, J., Steinmann, B., Still, J., Stone, M., Stodulski, C., Strabel, R., Sulej, A., Suzuki, K., Suzuki, S., Suzuki, S. Y., Suzuki, Y., Suzuki, J., Swierblewski, T., Szeglowski, M., Szeptycka, R., Tacik, M., Tada, M., Taguchi, S., Takahashi, A., Takeda, Y., Takenaga, Y., Takeuchi, K., Tanaka, H. A., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, M. M., Tanaka, N., Tanimoto, K., Tashiro, I., Taylor, A., Terashima, D., Terhorst, R., Terri, L. F., Thompson, A., Thorley, W., Toki, S., Tobayama, T., Tomaru, Y., Totsuka, C., Touramani, T., Tsukamoto, M., Tzanov, Y., Uchida, K., Ueno, A., Vacheret, M., Vagin, G., Vasseur, T., Wachala, J. J., Walding, A. V., Waldron, C. W., Walter, P. J., Wanderer, J., Wang, M. A., Ward, G. P., Ward, D., Wark, M. O., Wascko, A., Weber, R., Wendell, N., West, L. H., Whitehead, G., Wikström, R. J., Wilke, M. J., Wilking, Z., Williamson, J. R., Wilson, R. J., Wilson, T., Wongjirad, S., Yamada, Y., Yamada, A., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, Y., Yamanoi, H., Yamaoka, T., Yamauchi, C., Yanagisawa, T., Yano, S., Yen, N., Yershov, M., Yokoyama, T., Yuan, A., Zalewska, J., Zalipska, L., Zambelli, K., Zaremba, M., Ziembicki, E. D., Zimmerman, M., Zito, and J., Zmuda
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Neutrino oscillation, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, on-axis near detector, FOS: Physical sciences, ddc:500.2, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, neutrino oscillation, neutrino detector, wavelength shifting fiber, t2k, extruded scintillator, neutrino beam, Neutrino detector, Nuclear physics, Neutrino beam, 0103 physical sciences, Extruded scintillator, Muon neutrino, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Instrumentation, T2K, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Wavelength shifting fiber, T2K experiment, Física, Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det), Wavelength shiftingfiber, Measurements of neutrino speed, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Beam (structure), Lepton
Abstract: Precise measurement of neutrino beam direction and intensity was achieved based on a new concept with modularized neutrino detectors. INGRID (Interactive Neutrino GRID) is an on-axis near detector for the T2K long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. INGRID consists of 16 identical modules arranged in horizontal and vertical arrays around the beam center. The module has a sandwich structure of iron target plates and scintillator trackers. INGRID directly monitors the muon neutrino beam profile center and intensity using the number of observed neutrino events in each module. The neutrino beam direction is measured with accuracy better than 0.4 mrad from the measured profile center. The normalized event rate is measured with 4% precision., Comment: 32 pages, 27 figures, submitted to Nucl. Instr. and Meth. A
Published: 2012
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30. Primary proton beam line at the J-PARC hadron experimental facility

Author: Yutaka Yamanoi, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Hiroyuki Noumi, Yoshinori Sato, Yoshihisa Shirakabe, Yoji Katoh, Minoru Takasaki, Keizo Agari, Akihisa Toyoda, Michifumi Minakawa, Masami Iio, Megumi Naruki, Ryotaro Muto, Masaharu Ieiri, S. Sawada, Hiroaki Watanabe, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Hitoshi Takahashi, Akio Kiyomichi, and Erina Hirose
Subjects: Physics, Proton, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Particle accelerator, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Beamline, law, Antiproton, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, J-PARC, Particle physics experiments, Nuclear Experiment, Beam (structure)
Abstract: A brief description of the primary beam line at the hadron experimental facility at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) is presented. The facility has been constructed in Tokai, Japan, and the first beam was successfully introduced into the experimental hall in January 2009. The facility utilizes a high-intensity proton beam with an energy of 50 GeV and a power of 750 kW and provides various secondary beams such as pions, kaons, and antiprotons for nuclear and particle physics experiments. We have developed beam-line components with sufficient radiation hardness and heat resistance to handle the high-power proton beam.
Published: 2012
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31. Indication of electron neutrino appearance from an accelerator-produced off-axis muon neutrino beam

Author: S. Roth, J. Lagoda, M. Iwasaki, Paul Fraser Harrison, T. Okusawa, Jungsang Kim, S. Y. Suzuki, M. Ikeda, M. Bass, F. Pierre, R. A. Wendell, C. Bojechko, C. W. Walter, B. A. Popov, Vincenzo Berardi, P. T. Le, P. Mijakowski, C. Licciardi, Tomoko Ariga, J. Ilic, M. Ravonel, T. Maruyama, E. L. Mathie, V. Galymov, T. Ishii, M. A. George, I. Taylor, G. Vasseur, T. Nakadaira, Kazuhiro Suzuki, M. Ieva, Hirokatsu Ohhata, Y. Fukuda, D. Autiero, P. Paul, Kate Scholberg, M. M. Khabibullin, A. Yamamoto, Toru Ogitsu, F. Khanam, G.D. Barr, T. Maryon, Michel Raymond, P. Kitching, R. Tacik, M. Hartz, G. Christodoulou, S. B. Boyd, J. R. Wilson, K. K. Joo, T. Wachala, E. Frank, M. O. Wascko, C. A. Chavez, Marco Laveder, A. Ferrero, B. Hartfiel, A. C. Weber, E. Kearns, K. P. Lee, Justin Albert, N. Abgrall, M. Szeptycka, M. M. Tanaka, Leigh H. Whitehead, J. P.A.M. De André, E. Mazzucato, Sy Suzuki, Y. Obayashi, K. Mavrokoridis, G. F. Pearce, J. J. Walding, A. Suzuki, J. Myslik, N. Grant, André Rubbia, M. Murdoch, S. W. K. Emery, Masayuki Nakahata, P. de Perio, G. Collazuol, Mark Scott, Yusuke Koshio, Masashi Tanaka, S. Yen, T. Ishida, Yoshikazu Yamada, F. d. M. Blaszczyk, T. Yano, T. Golan, Biagio Rossi, Hiroyuki Sekiya, Y. Uchida, C. Hansen, C. A. Miller, A. Minamino, M. Day, V. Paolone, P. Sutcliffe, Masashi Yokoyama, E. Poplawska, R. Poutissou, Hs Budd, P. Masliah, T. Szeglowski, Soo-Bong Kim, A. Longhin, Michael Litos, J. Marteau, O. Drapier, K. Iyogi, F. Moreau, E. D. Zimmerman, M. Iida, B. Morgan, M. A. Ward, Tomiyoshi Haruyama, J. M. Levy, L. L. Kormos, T. Kikawa, C. Touramanis, Kendall Mahn, Robert Henderson, A. Hatzikoutelis, H. Kaji, R. A. Johnson, Antonio Ereditato, H. Nishino, M. Zito, N. Yershov, A. Cazes, K. Zaremba, B. Kirby, I. Kreslo, J. Dumarchez, Kevin Scott McFarland, A. Cervera, Henry W. Sobel, V. Palladino, Tsuyoshi Nakaya, Takashi Kobayashi, M. Malek, J. Y. Kim, J. Kisiel, T. M. Raufer, T. Hasegawa, S. Mine, Y. Takeuchi, A. Delbart, J. D. Perkin, Scott Davis, D. Hansen, R. Sulej, Atsushi Takeda, Takaaki Kajita, G. D. Lopez, Oleg Mineev, K. Hamano, R. Castillo, Yuichi Oyama, T. Tsukamoto, S. J. Ives, R. P. Litchfield, Takayuki Tomaru, Masato Shiozawa, M. Ziembicki, S. Sabouri, Ken Sakashita, Norio Higashi, J. Zalipska, Minoru Otani, David Calvet, C. Strabel, S. Assylbekov, M. Siyad, V. Pettinacci, K. Gilje, A. Zalewska, Federico Sanchez, M. Fechner, A. Haesler, Fred Gannaway, Alexander Finch, D. Ruterbories, G. Wikström, S. Bhadra, Akitaka Ariga, Antonin Vacheret, W. R. Kropp, K. Kowalik, J. Marzec, C. Matsumura, D. Payne, T. Hara, J. F. Martin, M. Tzanov, C. J. Metelko, Koji Nakamura, M. Barbi, Hiroaki Aihara, G. Jover-Manas, A. Carver, Shigeki Aoki, P. N. Ratoff, T. Kutter, S. Giffin, A. N. Khotjantsev, Y. Fujii, W. Coleman, A. Gendotti, A. Missert, F. Bay, M. Miura, T. Ozaki, A. Muir, Kodai Matsuoka, P. Guzowski, A. Bravar, Frédéric Dufour, C. Yanagisawa, K. Nishikawa, G. P. Ward, I. T. Lim, R. Terri, J. Holeczek, P. Wanderer, J. J. Gomez-Cadenas, Michal Dziewiecki, Kazuhiro Yamamoto, Jan T. Sobczyk, K. Laihem, N. Kimura, H. Kubo, K. Nakajima, M. Tada, P. Gumplinger, R. L. Helmer, Gareth J. Barker, Kimihiro Okumura, K. Koseki, Y. Shimizu, Dmitriy Beznosko, D. G. Brook-Roberge, S. M. Oser, J. P. Coleman, Y. Seiya, J. Schwehr, Yasuo Ajima, T. McLachlan, S. Horikawa, A. Blondel, M. Goldhaber, S. Yamada, K. Ieki, D. Karlen, R. J. Wilkes, D. I. Scully, N. J. Buchanan, P. A. Rodrigues, E. Radicioni, M. L. Navin, H.A. Tanaka, Yoshinari Hayato, C. K. Jung, D. L. Wark, M. Y. Pac, Achim Stahl, J. L. Stone, D. Kielczewska, A. Dabrowska, A. D. Marino, J. M. Poutissou, C. Bronner, N. West, I. Kato, K. Kaneyuki, T. C. Nicholls, Gavin Davies, U. Dore, P. Stamoulis, A. Thorley, A. Korzenev, L. Ludovici, M. Sorel, A. Gaudin, W. Qian, T. Lindner, C. Densham, G. Kogan, G. De Rosa, S. Hastings, R. A. Owen, M. D. Haigh, A. Badertscher, M. Macaire, Y. Takenaga, M. J. Wilking, Rhiju Das, S. Dytman, B. Jamieson, J. L. 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Ichikawa, Luigi Salvatore Esposito, Escudero Sanchez, Lorena [0000-0003-3464-9206], Whitehead, Leigh [0000-0002-3327-2534], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Electronique, des Détecteurs et d'Informatique (ex SEDI) (DEDI), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, T2K, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Département d'Electronique, des Détecteurs et d'Informatique pour la Physique (ex SEDI) (DEDIP), Abgrall, Nicolas, Argyriades, Jeremy, Blondel, Alain, Bravar, Alessandro, Dufour, Fanny, Ferrero, Andréa, Haesler, Alexis, Korzenev, Alexander, Murphy, Sébastien, Ravonel Salzgeber, Melody, Wikstrom, Gustav, K., Abe, N., Abgrall, Y., Ajima, H., Aihara, J., Albert, C., Andreopoulo, B., Andrieu, S., Aoki, O., Araoka, J., Argyriade, A., Ariga, T., Ariga, S., Assylbekov, D., Autiero, A., Badertscher, M., Barbi, G., Barker, G., Barr, M., Ba, F., Bay, S., Bentham, V., Berardi, B., Berger, I., Bertram, M., Besnier, J., Beucher, D., Beznosko, S., Bhadra, F., Blaszczyk, A., Blondel, C., Bojechko, J., Bouchez, S., Boyd, A., Bravar, C., Bronner, D., Brook Roberge, N., Buchanan, H., Budd, D., Calvet, S., Cartwright, A., Carver, R., Castillo, M., Catanesi, A., Caze, A., Cervera, C., Chavez, S., Choi, G., Christodoulou, J., Coleman, W., Coleman, G., Collazuol, K., Connolly, A., Curioni, A., Dabrowska, I., Danko, R., Da, G., Davie, S., Davi, M., Day, DE ROSA, Gianfranca, J., de André, P., de Perio, A., Delbart, C., Densham, F., Di Lodovico, S., Di Luise, P., Dinh Tran, J., Dobson, U., Dore, O., Drapier, F., Dufour, J., Dumarchez, S., Dytman, M., Dziewiecki, M., Dziomba, S., Emery, A., Ereditato, L., Escudero, L., Esposito, M., Fechner, A., Ferrero, A., Finch, E., Frank, Y., Fujii, Y., Fukuda, V., Galymov, F., Gannaway, A., Gaudin, A., Gendotti, M., George, S., Giffin, C., Giganti, K., Gilje, T., Golan, M., Goldhaber, J., Gomez Cadena, M., Gonin, N., Grant, A., Grant, P., Gumplinger, P., Guzowski, A., Haesler, M., Haigh, K., Hamano, C., Hansen, D., Hansen, T., Hara, P., Harrison, B., Hartfiel, M., Hartz, T., Haruyama, T., Hasegawa, N., Hasting, S., Hasting, A., Hatzikouteli, K., Hayashi, Y., Hayato, C., Hearty, R., Helmer, R., Henderson, N., Higashi, J., Hignight, E., Hirose, J., Holeczek, S., Horikawa, A., Hyndman, A., Ichikawa, K., Ieki, M., Ieva, M., Iida, M., Ikeda, J., Ilic, J., Imber, T., Ishida, C., Ishihara, T., Ishii, S., Ive, M., Iwasaki, K., Iyogi, A., Izmaylov, B., Jamieson, R., Johnson, K., Joo, G., Jover Mana, C., Jung, H., Kaji, T., Kajita, H., Kakuno, J., Kameda, K., Kaneyuki, D., Karlen, K., Kasami, I., Kato, E., Kearn, M., Khabibullin, F., Khanam, A., Khotjantsev, D., Kielczewska, T., Kikawa, J., Kim, S., Kim, N., Kimura, B., Kirby, J., Kisiel, P., Kitching, T., Kobayashi, G., Kogan, S., Koike, A., Konaka, L., Kormo, A., Korzenev, K., Koseki, Y., Koshio, Y., Kouzuma, K., Kowalik, V., Kravtsov, I., Kreslo, W., Kropp, H., Kubo, Y., Kudenko, N., Kulkarni, R., Kurjata, T., Kutter, J., Lagoda, K., Laihem, M., Laveder, K., Lee, P., Le, J., Levy, C., Licciardi, I., Lim, T., Lindner, R., Litchfield, M., Lito, A., Longhin, G., Lopez, P., Loverre, L., Ludovici, T., Lux, M., Macaire, K., Mahn, Y., Makida, M., Malek, S., Manly, A., Marchionni, A., Marino, J., Marteau, J., Martin, T., Maruyama, T., Maryon, J., Marzec, P., Masliah, E., Mathie, C., Matsumura, K., Matsuoka, V., Matveev, K., Mavrokoridi, E., Mazzucato, N., Mccauley, K., Mcfarland, C., Mcgrew, T., Mclachlan, M., Messina, W., Metcalf, C., Metelko, M., Mezzetto, P., Mijakowski, C., Miller, A., Minamino, O., Mineev, S., Mine, A., Missert, G., Mituka, M., Miura, K., Mizouchi, L., Monfregola, F., Moreau, B., Morgan, S., Moriyama, A., Muir, A., Murakami, M., Murdoch, S., Murphy, J., Myslik, T., Nakadaira, M., Nakahata, T., Nakai, K., Nakajima, T., Nakamoto, K., Nakamura, S., Nakayama, T., Nakaya, D., Naple, M., Navin, B., Nelson, T., Nicholl, K., Nishikawa, H., Nishino, J., Nowak, M., Noy, Y., Obayashi, T., Ogitsu, H., Ohhata, T., Okamura, K., Okumura, T., Okusawa, S., Oser, M., Otani, R., Owen, Y., Oyama, T., Ozaki, M., Pac, Palladino, Vittorio, V., Paolone, P., Paul, D., Payne, G., Pearce, J., Perkin, V., Pettinacci, F., Pierre, E., Poplawska, B., Popov, M., Posiadala, J. M., Poutissou, R., Poutissou, P., Przewlocki, W., Qian, J., Raaf, E., Radicioni, P., Ratoff, T., Raufer, M., Ravonel, M., Raymond, F., Retiere, A., Robert, P., Rodrigue, E., Rondio, J., Roney, B., Rossi, S., Roth, A., Rubbia, D., Ruterborie, S., Sabouri, R., Sacco, K., Sakashita, F., Sánchez, A., Sarrat, K., Sasaki, K., Scholberg, J., Schwehr, M., Scott, D., Scully, Y., Seiya, T., Sekiguchi, H., Sekiya, M., Shibata, Y., Shimizu, M., Shiozawa, S., Short, M., Siyad, R., Smith, M., Smy, J., Sobczyk, H., Sobel, M., Sorel, A., Stahl, P., Stamouli, J., Steinmann, B., Still, J., Stone, C., Strabel, L., Sulak, R., Sulej, P., Sutcliffe, A., Suzuki, K., Suzuki, S., Suzuki, Y., Suzuki, T., Szeglowski, M., Szeptycka, R., Tacik, M., Tada, S., Takahashi, A., Takeda, Y., Takenaga, Y., Takeuchi, K., Tanaka, H., Tanaka, M., Tanaka, N., Tanimoto, K., Tashiro, I., Taylor, A., Terashima, D., Terhorst, R., Terri, L., Thompson, A., Thorley, W., Toki, T., Tomaru, Y., Totsuka, C., Touramani, T., Tsukamoto, M., Tzanov, Y., Uchida, K., Ueno, A., Vacheret, M., Vagin, G., Vasseur, T., Wachala, J., Walding, A., Waldron, C., Walter, P., Wanderer, J., Wang, M., Ward, G., Ward, D., Wark, M., Wascko, A., Weber, R., Wendell, N., West, L., Whitehead, G., Wikström, R., Wilke, M., Wilking, J., Wilson, R., Wilson, T., Wongjirad, S., Yamada, Y., Yamada, A., Yamamoto, K., Yamamoto, Y., Yamanoi, H., Yamaoka, C., Yanagisawa, T., Yano, S., Yen, N., Yershov, M., Yokoyama, A., Zalewska, J., Zalipska, L., Zambelli, K., Zaremba, M., Ziembicki, E., Zimmerman, M., Zito, J., ??muda, and Walter, Christopher W
Subjects: Particle physics, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, ddc:500.2, CHOOZ, 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), neutrino, 14.60.Pq, 13.15.+g, 25.30.Pt, 95.55.Vj, 0103 physical sciences, neutrino oscillation, Muon neutrino, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010306 general physics, Neutrino oscillation, GeneralLiterature_REFERENCE(e.g.,dictionaries,encyclopedias,glossaries), ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Physics, NOνA, Tribimaximal mixing, hep-ex, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, T2K experiment, Física, T2K Collaboration, particle identification, Electron neutrino, experimental results
Abstract: The T2K experiment observes indications of $\nu_\mu\rightarrow \nu_e$ appearance in data accumulated with $1.43\times10^{20}$ protons on target. Six events pass all selection criteria at the far detector. In a three-flavor neutrino oscillation scenario with $|\Delta m_{23}^2|=2.4\times10^{-3}$ eV$^2$, $\sin^2 2\theta_{23}=1$ and $\sin^2 2\theta_{13}=0$, the expected number of such events is 1.5$\pm$0.3(syst.). Under this hypothesis, the probability to observe six or more candidate events is 7$\times10^{-3}$, equivalent to 2.5$\sigma$ significance. At 90% C.L., the data are consistent with 0.03(0.04)$, Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures, version published in PRL
Published: 2011
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32. The T2K Experiment

Author: J. Ilic, Ferran Grañena, Biagio Rossi, Hiroyuki Sekiya, J. Zmuda, A. Suzuki, T. Szeglowski, Soo-Bong Kim, S. Dytman, Kendall Mahn, J. Bouchez, Masashi Yokoyama, E. Delagnes, E. Poplawska, Thorsten Lux, M. Messina, Sy Suzuki, M. Murdoch, V. Kasey, M. Gonin, S. Gomi, A. V. Waldron, P. A. Rodrigues, K. Suzuki, Y. Takeuchi, L. Escudero, Kenichi Tanaka, J. Dobson, R. Langstaff, P. Vincent, Tsuyoshi Nakaya, J. Kubota, P. Paul, S. Yen, T. Yano, S. M. Oser, J. Caravaca Rodríguez, H.A. Tanaka, Shinya Yamada, K. Briggs, Minoru Otani, J. Statter, Joshua Hignight, Yoshihiro Suzuki, D. Ruterbories, Y. Seiya, M. Khaleeq, A. Le Coguie, Achim Stahl, M. A. Ward, A. S. Tadepalli, Hiroaki Aihara, P. N. Ratoff, T. Kutter, J. Schwehr, Kimihiro Okumura, J. M. Poutissou, C. Bronner, J.P. Mols, M. Boyer, Jean-Charles Vanel, A. K. Ichikawa, S. Herlant, S. Roth, R. E. Minvielle, W. Toki, C. Yanagisawa, M. Goldhaber, M. Zito, P. Cooke, D. G. Brook-Roberge, Luigi Salvatore Esposito, Kieran P. Ramos, T. C. Nicholls, O. Araoka, Henry W. Sobel, M. Fitton, T. M. Raufer, J. Lagoda, I. Kreslo, J. Escallier, P. Mijakowski, M. M. Khabibullin, J. Blocki, Andrew Marone, K. Nishikawa, D. Morris, Joseph Muratore, J. Carroll, K. Abe, R. Sacco, A. Terashima, C. McGrew, Y. Totsuka, Susumu Takahashi, Ioannis Giomataris, Gareth J. Barker, S. Murphy, C. Ohlmann, D. Richards, Y. Shimizu, W. Metcalf, C. K. Jung, J. L. Raaf, D. Kielczewska, M. Batkiewicz, A. Dabrowska, D. Allan, N. West, I. Kato, C. Andreopoulos, G. Nagashima, S. Horikawa, T. Lindner, P. Amaudruz, Y. Obayashi, C. Densham, T. Wongjirad, L. L. Kormos, D. Ross, A. Delbart, T. Ishida, T. Boussuge, M. A. George, Toru Ogitsu, Hiroyuki Kawamuko, M. J. Wilking, K. Mizouchi, S. Chollet, S. L. Cartwright, Takaaki Kajita, G. D. Lopez, Ping Lu, Dmitriy Beznosko, Julien Schmidt, F. Retiere, P. Kitching, M. Iwasaki, C. Bojechko, J. P. Coleman, K. Hamano, Kevin Connolly, J. Steinmann, Jan T. Sobczyk, I. Mercer, T. Tsukamoto, J. Kisiel, H. G. Berns, Hidetoshi Kubo, M. Taguchi, Viktor Matveev, V. Galymov, K. Laihem, A. Zalewska, J. Gaweda, Federico Sanchez, Hirokatsu Ohhata, Y. Fukuda, D. Autiero, Norio Higashi, K. Gilje, A. Gendotti, R. G. Calland, K. Mavrokoridis, F. d. M. Blaszczyk, A. Robert, M. Noy, E. Radicioni, A. Bodek, K. Nitta, Marek Stodulski, M. O. Wascko, E. Kearns, K. Zaremba, F. Nizery, D. Naples, B. A. Popov, J. Wendland, E. L. Mathie, B. Ellison, A. Izmaylov, M. Goyette, U. Dore, A. Thorley, A. Korzenev, Atsushi Takeda, T. Maryon, J. Doornbos, M. Ieva, S. W. Sadler, R. Tacik, Alexander Finch, O. Ballester, M. Le Ross, D. L. Wark, M. Siyad, C. Matsumura, D. Payne, M. Y. Pac, Michael Roney, R. Flight, S. B. Boyd, G. Jover-Manas, A. Carver, M. Miura, T. Ozaki, T. Hasegawa, S. Mine, A. Debraine, P. Wanderer, J. J. Gomez-Cadenas, Yoshinari Hayato, T. Ishii, Kate Scholberg, M. Hartz, B. Kirby, K. Hayashi, J. L. Stone, S. Manly, J. Steffens, E. Mazzucato, G. F. Pearce, Nadeem A. Khan, P. Schaack, K. Koseki, K. Kaneyuki, S. Nakayama, Y. Kouzuma, R.P. Kurjata, S. W. Bentham, J. P. Charrier, K. Kowalik, T. Okusawa, D. Warner, W. Faszer, T. Hara, A. Sarrat, S. Short, J. P. A. M. de André, N. C. Hastings, P. Plonski, A. D. Marino, S. W. K. Emery, C. J. Malafis, A. N. Khotjantsev, M. Barbi, B. Jamieson, M. M. Tanaka, N. Kimura, S. Y. Suzuki, I. Z. Danko, A. Bravar, T. Dealtry, C. Fisher, Y. Kurimoto, P. Guzowski, Y. Fujii, M. Szeptycka, R. Poutissou, K. Ieki, M. Ikeda, W. Coleman, André Rubbia, G. Sheffer, T. Durkin, J. D. Perkin, C. Licciardi, Rituparna Das, D. Karlen, D. Smith, O. Star, K. Tashiro, J. Brinson, Koh Ueno, P. Sutcliffe, Hs Budd, I. Taylor, J. Myslik, J. F. van Schalkwyk, Katsuyu Kasami, P. Masliah, M. Vagins, V. Tvaskis, R. J. Wilkes, R. Openshaw, Michael Anerella, R. Castillo, Yuichi Oyama, F. Bay, F. Di Lodovico, M. Tada, L. Bartoszek, Masato Shiozawa, A. C. Weber, N. Tanimoto, R. P. Litchfield, E. Frank, Marco Laveder, A. Ferrero, R. A. Johnson, Omar Veledar, T. Golan, J. Giraud, B. Morgan, T. Komorowski, A. Muir, Yasuo Ajima, T. McLachlan, D. A. Forbush, Akitaka Ariga, B. Andrieu, David Calvet, A. Blondel, Iain Alexander Bertram, J. Imber, S. Moriyama, Barry L. Nelson, Robert D. Preece, Kodai Matsuoka, M. Fechner, G. Wikström, S. Bhadra, S. Assylbekov, P. F. Harrison, Fred Gannaway, M. B. Smy, Shigeki Aoki, R. Terri, Koji Yamamoto, J. Marzec, N. Braam, Frédéric Dufour, J. Holeczek, S. Giffin, T. D. J. Haycock, Michal Dziewiecki, M. Shibata, N. J. Buchanan, L. Monfregola, H. Nishino, G. P. Ward, I. T. Lim, N. Grant, P. Gumplinger, A. Hyndman, P. de Perio, Yoshikazu Yamada, A. Hatzikoutelis, N. Honkanen, L. Kellet, C. A. Miller, P. Birney, G. Collazuol, Mark Scott, T. Kikawa, R. L. Helmer, A. Minamino, Carlos A. Chavez, O. Drapier, F. Moreau, R. Hasanen, E. Monmarthe, Y. Kurosawa, L. Magaletti, C. Giganti, Oleg Mineev, D. I. Scully, C. Touramanis, X. De La Broise, Antonio Ereditato, A. Cazes, J. A. Nowak, M. Malek, N. Yershov, A. Cervera, M. Ziembicki, M. Dziomba, V. Palladino, C. Ishihara, Kevin Scott McFarland, V. Paolone, P. Poffenberger, J. Dumarchez, M. Gallop, T. Strauss, T. Maruyama, J. Zalipska, Yasuhiro Makida, L. Stawnyczy, T. Nakadaira, A. Yamamoto, G.D. Barr, P. Colas, Scott Davis, M. Rooney, J. Y. Kim, Eiichi Hirose, S. J. Ives, M. Posiadala, Takayuki Tomaru, C. Strabel, M. G. Catanesi, J. Spitz, V. Kravtsov, K. Wong, R. Sulej, C. Mark, Robert Wilson, Takahiro Okamura, J. Argyriades, A.K. Ghosh, E. Rondio, P. Dinh Tran, J. Beucher, N. McCauley, K. K. Joo, T. Wachala, D. Terhorst, P. Stamoulis, A. Gaudin, W. Qian, C. J. Pearson, G. Kogan, J. Swierblewski, G. De Rosa, R. A. Owen, A. Badertscher, M. Macaire, Y. Takenaga, A. Konaka, J. Kameda, P. Przewlocki, Yusuke Koshio, B. E. Berger, Lester D.R. Thompson, F. Druillole, Ken Sakashita, M. Mezzetto, C. Angelsen, Antonin Vacheret, W. R. Kropp, M. Cadabeschi, J. F. Martin, M. Tzanov, C. J. Metelko, H. Kakuno, R. Bradford, Leonid Kurchaninov, J. R. Wilson, K. Sasaki, M. Bryant, D. Pierrepont, A. Murakami, Yu. Kudenko, D. Bishop, S. Sooriyakumaran, M. Usseglio, Justin Albert, N. Kulkarni, N. Abgrall, S. Greenwood, C. Hearty, Suyong Choi, Alastair Grant, Richard J.H. Smith, G. Mituka, M. Thorpe, F. Pierre, Yutaka Yamanoi, Hiroshi Yamaoka, A. Marchionni, R. A. Wendell, Vincenzo Berardi, Ewart W. Blackmore, P. T. Le, T. Kobayashi, S. Di Luise, A. Curioni, Tomoko Ariga, P. Baron, J. L. Ritou, S. Koike, M. Lenckowski, G. Vasseur, B. Still, M. Pfleger, K. B. Fransham, Masashi Tanaka, C. Hansen, T. B. Lawson, K. Iyogi, E. D. Zimmerman, Tomiyoshi Haruyama, K. P. Lee, M. Day, Robert Henderson, A. Longhin, J. Marteau, Z. Williamson, M. Iida, H. Kaji, Katsuki Hiraide, K. Olchanski, M. Ravonel, Michel Raymond, G. Christodoulou, K. Nakamura, B. Hartfiel, Leigh H. Whitehead, Masayuki Nakahata, Y. Uchida, T. Sekiguchi, Tatsushi Nakamoto, M. Besnier, G. Ganetis, Gavin Davies, L. Ludovici, C. Cavata, M. Sorel, S. Hastings, M. D. Haigh, C. W. Walter, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Electronique, des Détecteurs et d'Informatique pour la Physique (ex SEDI) (DEDIP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), T2K, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), K., Abe, N., Abgrall, H., Aihara, DE ROSA, Gianfranca, Palladino, Vittorio, Département d'Electronique, des Détecteurs et d'Informatique (ex SEDI) (DEDI), Abgrall, Nicolas, Argyriades, Jeremy, Blondel, Alain, Bravar, Alessandro, Dufour, Fanny, Ferrero, Andréa, Haesler, Alexis, Korzenev, Alexander, Murphy, Sébastien, Ravonel Salzgeber, Melody, and Wikstrom, Gustav
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Sterile neutrino, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Neutrino oscillation, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, ddc:500.2, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Long baseline, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Neutrinos, 010306 general physics, physics.ins-det, Instrumentation, QC, Physics, T2K, hep-ex, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, T2K experiment, J-PARC, Super-Kamiokande, Física, Neutrino detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Lepton
Abstract: The T2K experiment is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment. Its main goal is to measure the last unknown lepton sector mixing angle {\theta}_{13} by observing {\nu}_e appearance in a {\nu}_{\mu} beam. It also aims to make a precision measurement of the known oscillation parameters, {\Delta}m^{2}_{23} and sin^{2} 2{\theta}_{23}, via {\nu}_{\mu} disappearance studies. Other goals of the experiment include various neutrino cross section measurements and sterile neutrino searches. The experiment uses an intense proton beam generated by the J-PARC accelerator in Tokai, Japan, and is composed of a neutrino beamline, a near detector complex (ND280), and a far detector (Super-Kamiokande) located 295 km away from J-PARC. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the instrumentation aspect of the T2K experiment and a summary of the vital information for each subsystem., Comment: 33 pages, 32 figures, Submitted and accepted by NIM A. Editor: Prof. Chang Kee Jung, Department of Physics and Astronomy, SUNY Stony Brook, chang.jung@sunysb.edu, 631-632-8108 Submit Edited to remove line numbers
Published: 2011
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33. Radiation hardness of cerium-doped gadolinium silicate Gd2SiO5:Ce against high energy protons, fast and thermal neutrons

Author: Masaaki Kobayashi, Mitsuru Ishii, Minoru Takasaki, Masaharu Numajiri, Masaharu Ieiri, Yuichi Oki, Takenori Suzuki, Hiroyuki Noumi, Kenjiro Kondo, Taichi Miura, Kazuhiro Tanaka, and Yutaka Yamanoi
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Proton, business.industry, Gadolinium, Analytical chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Proton Synchrotron, Fluence, Neutron temperature, Cerium, Optics, chemistry, Radiation damage, Irradiation, business, Instrumentation
Abstract: Degradation of Gd 2 SiO 5 :Ce in optical transmittance due to proton irradiation was negligibly small below 10 6 rad, smaller than 2%/cm at 10 7 rad and large at 10 8 rad. The radiation hardness of 10 7 rad against protons is by two orders of magnitude smaller than against low energy γ-rays. Long term spontaneous recovery of the proton-induced damage is not large (10–20% of the initial degradation in 84 days). Recovery upon exposure to UV light occurs to some extent. Degradation due to thermal neutrons was negligibly small for a fluence of 10 14 n/cm 2 . No degradation was observed for exposure to fast neutrons of about 10 13 n/cm 2 during one year in the extracted beam tunnel of proton synchrotron.
Published: 1993
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34. Radiation hardness of undoped CsI crystals against high energy protons

Author: Kazuhiro Tanaka, Yutaka Yamanoi, Kenjiro Kondo, Minoru Takasaki, Masaharu Numajiri, Taichi Miura, Yuichi Oki, Hiroyuki Noumi, Takenori Suzuki, Shojiro Sugimoto, Masaharu Ieiri, Mitsuru Ishii, and Masaaki Kobayashi
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, High energy, Proton, Annealing (metallurgy), Radiation, Instrumentation, Molecular physics, Radiation hardening, Order of magnitude
Abstract: We compared radiation damages of undoped CsI for 12 GeV protons and for 60Co γ-rays between 104 and 108 rad. Degradation in optical transmission was similar in magnitude both for protons and γ-rays; it is as small as 1–3% per 1 cm thickness at 104 rad, while it is as large as or larger than 5% above 105 rad. The above feature is different for BGO or GSO:Ce, whose radiation hardness is roughly two orders of magnitude smaller regarding protons than regarding γ-rays. Recovery of damage is qualitatively similar both for proton and γ-ray irradiations; spontaneous recovery is only partial and the annealing effect of UV exposure is negligibly small.
Published: 1993
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35. Construction and Beam Commissioning of J-PARC Hadron Experimental Facility

Author: Yoshinori Sato, Keizo Agari, Erina Hirose, Masaharu Ieiri, Yohji Katoh, Akio Kiyomichi, Michifumi Minakawa, Ryotaro Muto, Megumi Naruki, Hiroyuki Noumi, Shin’ya Sawada, Yoshihisa Shirakabe, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Hitoshi Takahashi, Minoru Takasaki, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Akihisa Toyoda, Yutaka Yamanoi, Hiroaki Watanabe, Akira Ozawa, and Weiping Lu
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Proton, Nuclear Theory, Beam commissioning, Hadron, Proton Synchrotron, Nuclear physics, Pion, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, J-PARC, Nuclear Experiment, Beam (structure)
Abstract: J‐PARC Hadron Experimental Facility is designed as a multi‐purpose experimental facility for particle and nuclear physics experiments using high‐intensity secondary particles (Kaons, pions, and so on) produced by 50 GeV‐15 μA (750 kW) primary proton beams. Currently, three secondary beam lines (K 1.8 BR, K 1.8, and KL) have been constructed. The first beam extraction from 50 GeV proton synchrotron was on January 27th, 2009, and the beam commissioning of the primary and secondary beam lines are on going. The present article reports construction status and beam commissioning of Hadron Experimental Facility in detail.
Published: 2010
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36. Field measurement of the SKS-magnet

Author: Michiko Sekimoto, Yutaka Yamanoi, T. Nagae, K. Aoki, T. Hasegawa, Yasuhiro Makida, T. Morimoto, K. Omata, T. Miyachi, Yoshikuni Doi, T. Shintomi, Osamu Hashimoto, and T. Kitami
Subjects: Physics, Superconductivity, Field (physics), business.industry, Superconducting magnet, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Nuclear physics, Optics, Magnet, Measuring instrument, Field mapping, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Magnetic analysis, business
Abstract: The computer-controlled instrument for the magnetic measurement of the SKS sector-type superconductivity magnet at KEK is described. The sector-shaped field is measured to a precision on the order of 10/sup -4/ of the maximum field by assemblies of Hall elements. The authors discuss the field measuring instrument, the concept of how to control the instrument and read data, and preliminary results on field mapping. >
Published: 1992
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37. Radiation Resistant Magnets for J-PARC

Author: Kazuhiro H. Tanaka, Erina Hirose, Hitoshi Takahashi, Keizo Agari, Masaharu Ieiri, Yohji Katoh, Michifumi Minakawa, Ryotaro Muto, Yoshinori Sato, Shin'ya Sawada, Minoru Takasaki, Akihisa Toyoda, Hiroaki Watanabe, Yutaka Yamanoi, Kazuo Kato, Yoshihiro Saitoh, Hideto Satoh, Yuhji Satoh, and Kazuhisa Yahata
Subjects: Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Published: 2016
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38. Beam dignosis devices of a high power proton beam line facility

Author: Y. Katoh, Yoichi Sato, M. Leiri, Hitoshi Takahashi, Minoru Takasaki, Akihiro Toyoda, S. Inaba, Erina Hirose, Y. Igarashi, Yoshihiro Suzuki, M. Minakwa, T. Mitsubishi, Hiroaki Watanabe, Hiroyuki Noumi, Yutaka Yamanoi, M. Saito, Kazuhiro Tanaka, and Keizo Agari
Subjects: Physics, Photon, Beamline, Proton, law, Ionization, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Proton Synchrotron, Particle accelerator, Electron, Atomic physics, Beam (structure), law.invention
Abstract: We developed beam diagnosis devices, a residual gas ionization beam profile monitor (RGIPM) and an optical transition radiation (OTR) monitor, for a high power proton beam transfer line at the 50-GeV proton synchrotron (PS) of the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). The RGIPM collects electrons produced by beam ionizing a residual gas in the vacuum beam pipe. Since the RGIPM is operated at a vacuum level of 1 Pa, a magnetic field is required to confine electrons around the magnetic field against the diffusion effect due to interactions of drift electrons to residual gas molecules. We, therefore, developed a magnet-built-in type of RGIPM. The OTR monitor observes OTR photons emitted at beam particles crossing a screen with a video camera. We demonstrated that the OTR can be measured even at the KEK 12-GeV proton synchrotron. In order to maintain radiation doses to imaging devices small, the devices are located at a distance of 5 m from the beam line. The OTR photons are collected by a Newtonian reflecting telescope.
Published: 2007
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39. Development of Residual Gas Ionization Profile Monitor for High Intensity Proton Beams

Author: Hitoshi Takahashi, Yutaka Yamanoi, Keizo Agari, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Yoshikazu Yamada, Akihisa Toyoda, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Yoshinori Sato, Erina Hirose, Minoru Takasaki, M. Saito, Hiroaki Watanabe, Y. Igarashi, Michifumi Minakawa, S. Inaba, Masaharu Ieiri, Y. Katoh, and Hiroyuki Noumi
Subjects: Physics, Proton, business.industry, Proton Synchrotron, Particle accelerator, Electron, law.invention, Optics, Beamline, law, Electric field, Ionization, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Atomic physics, business, Beam (structure)
Abstract: Nondestructive beam profile monitor utilizing ionizations of residual gas has been developed for continuous monitoring of 3/spl times/10/sup 14/ protons at Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). Knock-on electrons produced in the ionizations of residual gas vacuumed to 1 Pa are collected with a uniform electric field applied between electrodes. Applying a uniform electric field parallel to the electric field is essential to reduce diffusion of electrons crossing over magnetic flux. A prototype monitor has been constructed and installed in EP2-C beam line at KEK 12 GeV proton synchrotron (12 GeV-PS). The profiles measured with the present monitor agree with the ones measured with the existing destructive profile monitor. The present monitor shows sufficient performances as a candidate of the profile monitor at J-PARC. In the present article, the working principle of the present monitor, the results of test experiments, and further developments are described in detail.
Published: 2006
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40. Development of the Optical Transition Radiation Monitor for the High Intensity Proton Beam Profile Measurement

Author: Hiroyuki Noumi, Yoshinori Sato, Keizo Agari, Yutaka Yamanoi, Michifumi Minakawa, Erina Hirose, Akihisa Toyoda, T. Mitsuhashi, Minoru Takasaki, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Hiroaki Watanabe, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Masaharu Ieiri, Hitoshi Takahashi, and Y. Kato
Subjects: Physics, Optical fiber, business.industry, Particle accelerator, Radiation, law.invention, Light intensity, Optics, Beamline, law, Radiation damage, J-PARC, business, Beam (structure)
Abstract: We developed the optical transition radiation (OTR) monitor as a profile monitor for a high intensity (750 kW) slow-extraction beam line at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). The OTR monitor is considered to be one of good candidates for such a profile monitor, because the OTR light intensity only depends on the reflectivity of an OTR screen. We performed an experiment to test a prototype OTR monitor at the slow-extraction beam line of the KEK 12 GeV-PS. We succeeded to observe a beam profile clearly under the conditions of a low gamma factor of about 13.8, a low beam intensity of 4E11 protons per pulse, and a large beam loss of 1 W/m or more. We also checked a beam response, a background level, and a resistance to radiation of the monitor. We designed and developed two types of the image detecting system such as an optical fiber system and a optical system to enhance the S/N and reduce a radiation damage to the system.
Published: 2006
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41. Application of Bragg-curve counters to a target multifragmentation measurement

Author: Y. Sugaya, T. Murakami, K. Yasuda, H. Ito, K. Yamamoto, S. Kouda, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Toyama S, M. Shimooka, K. Kimura, Yutaka Yamanoi, and H. Ochiishi
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Constant pressure, Resolution (electron density), Detectors and Experimental Techniques, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Stability (probability), Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: We have constructed Bragg-curve counters (BCCs) to detect the intermediate-mass fragments (IMFs) emitted during target multifragmentation induced by 12-GeV primary protons on Au, Ag targets. An energy resolution of ∼1.0% and an atomic-number resolution of 2.0% have been achieved. Long-term stability of the output pulse-heights, which was necessary for actual IMF measurements, was realized by employing a continuous gas-flow system with a constant pressure.
Published: 1995

42. Indirectly Cooled Radiation-Resistant Magnet With Slanting Saddle Shape Coils for New Secondary Beam Extraction at J-PARC Hadron Facility

Author: Yutaka Yamanoi, Megumi Naruki, Hiroyuki Noumi, K. Ogata, Hiroaki Watanabe, Yoshihiro Suzuki, K. Katoh, Keizo Agari, Yoichi Sato, T. Kawada, Michifumi Minakawa, Masaharu Ieiri, Hitoshi Takahashi, S. Sawada, Akihiro Toyoda, Ryotaro Muto, Y. Satoh, Kazuhiro Tanaka, M. Saijyo, Y. Saitoh, Erina Hirose, Minoru Takasaki, Y. Katoh, Yoshihisa Shirakabe, Masami Iio, and K. Yahata
Subjects: Physics, business.industry, Superconducting magnet, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Magnetic field, Optics, Nuclear magnetic resonance, Beamline, Dipole magnet, Electromagnetic coil, Magnet, Electromagnetic shielding, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, business, Beam (structure)
Abstract: We have developed the most upstream dipole magnet K1.1D1 for a new secondary beam line at the hadron experimental hall in J-PARC. It is placed downstream of a production target and is close to the K1.8D1 magnet. Indirectly cooled coils using mineral insulation cables have been adopted for high radiation resistance. The coils have a slanting saddle shape in order to minimize the interference of the magnetic field between the two magnets. It has been operated during the beam time in the autumn of 2010 without any problems.
Published: 2012
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43. Radiation-Resistant Magnet System for J-PARC Hadron Experimental Hall

Author: T. Birumachi, Hiroyuki Satoh, K. Kato, Masaharu Ieiri, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Y. Katoh, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Hitoshi Takahashi, Y. Saitoh, Minoru Takasaki, Megumi Naruki, Erina Hirose, Y. Satoh, K. Yahata, Keizo Agari, M. Saijyo, Yutaka Yamanoi, Hiroaki Watanabe, Hiroyuki Noumi, Yoichi Sato, Michifumi Minakawa, S. Sawada, Akihiro Toyoda, and Ryotaro Muto
Subjects: Physics, Particle accelerator, Superconducting magnet, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Magnetic circuit, Beamline, law, Magnet, Electromagnetic shielding, Physics::Accelerator Physics, J-PARC, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nuclear Experiment, Beam (structure)
Abstract: In order to handle high intensity primary proton beam provided by Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), radiation-resistant beam lines have been constructed at Hadron Experimental Hall of J-PARC. The key technology of the radiation-resistant beam line is the radiation-resistant magnets. However all the peripheral devices of the magnets were designed and assembled as radiation-resistant ones since peripherals as well as magnets should be operated in very high radiation environment. In addition a safe operation and maintenance scheme of high intensity beam lines has been established based on the Chimney technology of radiation-resistant magnets including their peripherals. Then the beam lines in the Hadron Experimental Hall have been constructed with “radiation-resistant magnet system”.
Published: 2012
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44. Radiation-Resistant Magnets for the Neutrino Beamline at J-PARC

Author: Y. Katoh, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Hiroyuki Noumi, Yutaka Yamanoi, Hitoshi Takahashi, Y. Saitoh, Akihiro Toyoda, Erina Hirose, Minoru Takasaki, Yoshihiro Suzuki, K. Kato, H. Tanaka, Masaharu Ieiri, Michifumi Minakawa, M. Saijyo, Yoichi Sato, Y. Satoh, Hiroaki Watanabe, Ryotaro Muto, Keizo Agari, and Megumi Naruki
Subjects: Materials science, Proton, Nuclear engineering, Superconducting magnet, Condensed Matter Physics, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Nuclear physics, Beamline, Magnet, Physics::Accelerator Physics, J-PARC, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Beam (structure)
Abstract: The construction of the facility of the long baseline neutrino oscillation experiment using the J-PARC's 50 GeV-0.75 MW proton beam [1] was completed at the end of 2008. The number of radiation-resistant magnets we have prepared for the neutrino beamline of J-PARC were 15 with Polyimide resin Insulation (PI) against up to 108 Gy, and 4 magnets with completely Mineral Insulation Cable (MIC) for higher radiation dose up to 1011 Gy, and 2 magnets with Epoxy resin Insulation. All magnets were equipped with remote handling system, i.e. automated magnet lifts, quick alignment guides, water connectors, electric power connectors and interlock-signal connectors. On April 23rd 2009, the first proton beam was successfully introduced to the neutrino beamline from the main accelerator of J-PARC and the long baseline oscillation experiment, T2K, started. Now the beamline is operated with 135 kW (30 GeV-4.5 ) primary proton beam. No serious problem happened on magnets until the great East Japan earthquake on March 11th.
Published: 2012
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45. DEVELOPMENT OF RADIATION-RESISTANT MAGNET COILS FOR HIGH-INTENSITY BEAM LINES

Author: H. Tanno, Yutaka Yamanoi, K. Kato, K.H. Tanaka, S. Tsukada, Hiroyuki Noumi, Y. Saitoh, Minoru Takasaki, and T. Yokoi
Subjects: Materials science, Electromagnet, Insulator (electricity), Superconducting magnet, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Conductor, Engineering, Electromagnetic coil, law, Electrical equipment, Magnet, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Composite material, Electrical conductor
Abstract: In connection with the Japanese Hadron Facility (JHF) project, the development of new types of radiation-resistant magnet coils has been continued at KEK. One major program is the design and production of a mineral insulation cable (MIC) with a larger maximum current. We have already developed a 2000A-class MIC having a square-cross-section hollow conductor. A sample magnet coil was fabricated with this MIC. Tests of its stability and reliability are under progress. We are now planning to develop a 3000A-class MIC. The other program is R/D work on a completely inorganic wrapping insulation material which can be used like the usual type glass-fiber tape pre-impregnated with epoxy-resin. After tests of the mechanical strength and electric insulation of many combinations of tapes and bonds, we found a pure (99%>) alumina-fiber tape pre-impregnated with inorganic cement that is suitable for a magnet coil insulator after thermal curing. >
Published: 1994

46. Optical design of beam lines at the KEK-PS new experimental hall

Author: Y. Kato, Michifumi Minakawa, Masaharu Ieiri, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Yutaka Yamanoi, Minoru Takasaki, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Hiroyuki Noumi, and Hitoshi Ishii
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Proton, Proton Synchrotron, Accelerators and Storage Rings, Nuclear physics, Momentum, Pion, Beamline, Cascade, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Upstream (networking), Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Instrumentation, Beam (structure)
Abstract: A new counter experimental hall [K.H. Tanaka et al., IEEE Trans. Magn. 28 (1992) 697] was designed and constructed at the KEK 12-GeV Proton Synchrotron (KEK-PS). The extracted proton beam from the KEK-PS is introduced to the new hall through the newly-prepared primary beam line, EP1, and hits two production targets in cascade. The upstream target provides secondary particles to the low momentum ( 0.4–0.6 GeV c ) separated beam line, K5, and the downstream target is connected to the medium momentum (0.6–2.0 GeV/c) separated beam line, K6. Several new ideas were employed in the beam optical designs of EP1, K5 and K6 in order to increase the number and the purity of the short-lived secondary particles, such as kaons and pions, under the limited energy and intensity of the primary protons provided by the KEK-PS. These new ideas are described in this paper as well as the first commissioning results.
Published: 1994

47. Construction and beam commissioning of Hadron Experimental Hall at J-PARC

Author: Akio Kiyomichi, Y. Katoh, Ryotaro Muto, Megumi Naruki, Erina Hirose, Yoichi Sato, S. Sawada, Akihiro Toyoda, Masaharu Ieiri, Hiroyuki Noumi, Minoru Takasaki, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Michifumi Minakawa, Keizo Agari, Hitoshi Takahashi, Hiroaki Watanabe, Yutaka Yamanoi, Yoshihiro Suzuki, and Yoshihisa Shirakabe
Subjects: Physics, History, Proton, Hadron, Computer Science Applications, Education, law.invention, Momentum, Nuclear physics, Beamline, law, Physics::Accelerator Physics, J-PARC, Beam dump, Atomic physics, Particle beam, Beam (structure)
Abstract: The new facility J-PARC has been constructed in Tokai, Japan. It aims at providing intense proton beams of 750 kW for next-generation particle and nuclear physics experiments. The Hadron Experimental Hall (HD-hall) is one of the two facilities at the J-PARC Main Ring and utilizes various secondary particles produced by the slowly extracted primary proton beam. We have constructed two charged and one neutral secondary beam lines. The K1.8 beam line transports separated charged secondaries with the maximum momentum of 2 GeV/c. Secondary particles are purified by two electrostatic separators (ESSs). The K1.8BR beam line is branched from the K1.8 at the bending magnet downstream of the first ESS. The K1.8BR delivers separated charged beams with the momentum up to 1.2 GeV/c. On January 27th, 2009, the first beam was successfully extracted to the HD-hall and transported to the beam dump. The first secondary beam extraction to the K1.8BR beam line succeeded in February 2009. The beam commissioning of the K1.8 and KL beam lines started in October 2009.
Published: 2011
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48. THE BEAM-HANDLING MAGNET SYSTEM OF THE KEK PS NEW EXPERIMENTAL HALL

Author: Minoru Takasaki, Hitoshi Ishii, K. Kato, Masaharu Ieiri, Y. Osa, Yutaka Yamanoi, T. Kojima, K. Kaji, Michifumi Minakawa, Yoshihiro Suzuki, T. Yokoi, Y. Kato, K.H. Tanaka, T. Suzuki, and Hiroyuki Noumi
Subjects: Physics, Electromagnet, business.industry, Proton Synchrotron, Particle accelerator, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Optics, Beamline, law, Magnet, Electrical equipment, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Interlock, business, Beam (structure)
Abstract: Construction work on the new counter experimental hall of the KEK 12-GeV Proton Synchrotron (KEK-PS) was completed in December 1990. The new hall was planned to be a mini kaon factory from the start. The beam-handling magnet system of the hall was thus equipped with newly developed radiation-resistant magnets in order to handle a high-intensity proton beam. Another important point regarding high-intensity beam handling is to realize easy maintenance of the beam line. For this purpose, all magnets of the primary proton beam line were mounted on special base plates on which quick-disconnect devices for electric power, cooling water, and interlock signals were assembled. The vacuum connections of the beam ducts located at both ends of the magnet are also operated remotely. Any magnet experiencing trouble can thus be easily removed from the beam line and repaired remotely. >
Published: 1992

49. Magnet power supplies and beam line control for the KEK experimental halls

Author: Hitoshi Ishii, Y. Kato, Hiroyuki Noumi, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Michifumi Minakawa, Masaharu Ieiri, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Yutaka Yamanoi, and Minoru Takasaki
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, business.industry, Electrical engineering, Proton Synchrotron, law.invention, Power (physics), Microprocessor, Beamline, law, Control theory, Control system, Physics::Accelerator Physics, business, Distributed control system, Instrumentation, Beam (structure)
Abstract: This paper describes the control system for magnet power supplies and many beam lines in two experimental halls at the 12 GeV proton synchrotron at KEK. In the experimental halls, many beam lines have been constructed, cleared away or modified every year since 1974. With this experience, in order to reduce construction time, cost, maintenance and manpower, we are now using a distributed control system, with the following features: - each power supply is equipped with a microprocessor and communications interface, - each beam line has an independent control system, - each beam line controller is connected to a central controller, providing a unified system.
Published: 1994
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50. Present status of J-PARC hadron experimental facility

Author: Akio Kiyomichi, Michifumi Minakawa, Yoichi Sato, Hiroaki Watanabe, S. Sawada, Yoshihiro Suzuki, Hitoshi Takahashi, Y. Katoh, Masaharu Ieiri, Minoru Takasaki, Hiroyuki Noumi, Akihisa Toyoda, Kazuhiro Tanaka, Erina Hirose, Ryotaro Muto, Yutaka Yamanoi, Keizo Agari, and Megumi Naruki
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Beamline, Proton, High intensity, Nuclear engineering, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Physics::Accelerator Physics, J-PARC, Radiation, Beam (structure)
Abstract: J-PARC Hadron Experimental Facility is designed to carry out a variety of particle and nuclear physics experiments with intense secondary particles generated by 750 kW proton beams. The first construction stage including the experimental hall, the primary beam line, and one secondary beam line (K1.8BR) has been completed at the end of December 2008. In order to handle the high intensity primary beam safely, we have developed many special devices working under severe radiation environment. The present article reports the current status of the Hadron Experimental Facility in detail.

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