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We report the development of a high-temperature Seebeck coefficient Standard Reference Material (SRM) for use in instrument validation and interlaboratory data comparison in the temperature range of 295–900 K to support the research, development, and production of materials and devices related to thermoelectric-based energy conversion applications. We describe the synthesis, anneal–quench procedure, and physical characterization of a p-type boron-doped polycrystalline silicon–germanium alloy with a nominal composition of Si80Ge20. For the certification measurements, we describe the measurement protocols, statistical analysis, the certified Seebeck coefficient values, comprehensive uncertainty budgets, and metrological traceability. Our extensive efforts to identify, reduce, and quantify measurement uncertainties will be emphasized. This new SRM complements SRM 3451 Low-Temperature Seebeck Coefficient Standard (10–390 K) to provide certified reference materials traceable to the International System of Units (SI) for Seebeck coefficient measurements within the temperature range 10–900 K.

日本红菇属非致死性胃肠炎型毒蕈，毒性较轻，患者预后良好。本文对2019年7月温州医科大学附属第一医院收治的一例日本红菇中毒致消化道出血患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析，患者中毒表现为典型的胃肠症状，出现严重消化道出血，最终经积极止血、护胃、补液、抗炎治疗后好转出院。.

From September to November 2019, three patients with Hornet stings were admitted to hospital with acute anaphylaxis and various degrees of organ dysfunction. After hemoperfusion combined with continuous hemodialysis and hormone pulse therapy, 1 patient was successfully treated and 2 patients were not cured. Bee Stings can cause systemic allergic reactions and toxic reactions. In severe cases, acute anaphylaxis, rhabdomyolysis, intravascular hemolysis, abnormal coagulation, and acute liver and kidney injury may occur, myocardial damage and other multi-organ function damage or even failure, is a clinical acute and critical illness, mortality is higher. Through the analysis of the diagnosis and treatment process of these 3 cases, the experience is summarized: the Bee sting should be treated as soon as possible, the early prevention and treatment of multiple organ dysfunction, the choice of accurate blood purification and comprehensive treatment, can effectively improve the prognosis, increase the success rate of treatment.2019年9月至11月，至医院先后就诊收治3例被马蜂群蜇伤的患者，入院时均表现为急性过敏性休克，并伴有不同程度器官功能损伤。经过血液灌流合并连续型血液透析治疗，以及激素冲击等内科综合治疗，最终1例患者救治成功，2例不愈出院。群蜂蜇伤可引起全身性过敏反应及毒性反应，严重者可出现急性过敏性休克、横纹肌溶解、血管内溶血、凝血功能异常、急性肝肾功能损伤、以及心肌损害等多器官功能受损甚至衰竭，是临床上的急危重症，死亡率较高。群蜂蜇伤应尽早就医，早期防治多脏器功能不全，选择准确的血液净化及综合治疗，可有效改善预后，增加救治成功率。.

本文对2019年2月温州医科大学附属第一医院收治的2例急性重症氨基甲酸酯类农药中毒患者的临床资料进行分析。患者病情较重，出现呼吸衰竭及昏迷，最终经治疗好转出院。对于氨基甲酸酯类农药中毒，主要予抗胆碱能作用及脏器支持治疗。.

Abnormal islet microcirculation impetus the insulin production and accelerates progression of Type 1 and 2 diabetes. In this study, we investigated whether tetramethylpyrazine phosphate (TMPP), a vasoactive substance, could regulate the islet microcirculation and insulin concentration and improve glycaemia in SD rats. SD rats were randomly divided into two groups, the control and TMPP groups. Each group was further divided into three subgroups according to the intravenous injection of either saline, 15 or 30% glucose. The non-radioactive microsphere technique was adopted to measure the organ blood flow. Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) blocker l-NAME was used to address whether NO was involved in mediating the vasoactive effects of TMPP. In the TMPP group, TMPP increased the PBF (pancreatic blood flow), IBF (islet blood flow), and fIBF (fraction of islet blood flow out of pancreatic blood flow) by 57, 76 and 47%, respectively, after 30% glucose infusion, compared with the control, indicating that TMPP could regulate islet microcirculation. Furthermore, TMPP induced a 66% elevation of IBF and 37% of fIBF in the 30% glucose subgroups than the 15% ones. In 30% glucose-treated subgroups, TMPP improved the blood glucose concentration by 10%, compared with the control (19.3 ± 0.64 vs 17.32 ± 0.56 mmol/l, P

Summary As meat quality is basically dependent on muscle fibre characteristics, it is important to know how muscle fibres are regulated and transformed. This study aimed to investigate the effect of maternal dietary supplementation on muscle fibre types using 3% saturated fatty acid (palmitic acid, PA) or 3% unsaturated fatty acid (linoleic acid, LA) from 80 days of gestation to the weaning of offspring (25 days post-natal). The results indicated that higher mRNA levels of MyHCI type genes were found in the soleus muscles of piglets that suckled from LA-supplemented sows than from PA-supplemented sows. In addition, LA treatment increased the gene expression of the type I muscle fibre marker troponin I (p

To observe the effect of Ulinastatin (UTI) in the dynamic changes of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the brain tissue injury of acute hydrogen sulfide (H2S) intoxicated, to explore the Mechanism of brain tissue injury of acute H2S-intoxicated and the protection effect of UTI.A total of 96 SD rats of clean grade were divided randomly into four groups: normal control group (NS group, n=8) , UTI control group (UTI group, n=8) , H2S-intoxicated model group (H2S group, n=40) , UTI treatment group (H2S+UTI group, n=40). The H2S group and H2S+UTI group were exposed to H2S (284 mg/m(3)) by inhalation for 1 h, then H2S+UTI group was intraperitoneally exposed to UTI at the dose of 10(5) U/kg for 2 h, H2S group and H2S+UTI group were sacrificed at 2, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h after exposure, respectively. Remove the brain tissue, observe the rats behavioral changes at each time points. The mRNA expression of AQP4、COX-2 and NSE in the brain tissue were measured by RT-PCR method, and the protein expression of AQP4、COX-2 and NSE in the brain tissue were detected by immunohistochemical Streptavidin-perosidase method. Pathological changes of brain tissue were observed by lightmicroscope.1、Nerve cells in the H2S group rats had edema, degeneration, focal inflammatory cell infiltrate, capillary hyperplasia, expansion. Compared with NS group, the cerebral NSE mRNA and protein expression at each time point in H2S group after exposure were significantly increased (P0.01). 2、Compared with NS group, the cerebral AQP4 and COX-2 mRNA and protein expression at each time point in H2S group after exposure were significantly increased (P0.01). 3、The degree of brain damage was significantly decreased in H2S+UTI group than that in H2S group. Compared with H2S group, the cerebral NSE mRNA and protein expression at 6, 12, 24 and 48 h in H2S+UTI group after exposure were significantly decreased (P0.01) , no significantly difference at 2h (P0.05). 4、Compared with the H2S group, the cerebral AQP4 and COX-2 mRNA and protein expression at 6, 12, 24 and 48 h in H2S+UTI group after exposure were significantly decreased (P0.01) , slightly decreased at 2 h.The mechanism of brain injury of acute hydrogen sulfide intoxicated associated with abnormal expression of the cerebral AQP4, COX-2 levels. Intervention of UTI can reduce the cerebral AQP4 and COX-2 levels after hydrogen sulfide intoxicated, reduce the degree of brain injury.

We have successfully developed a Seebeck coefficient Standard Reference Material (SRM™), Bi2Te3, that is essential for interlaboratory data comparison and for instrument calibration. Certification measurements were performed using a differential steady-state technique on 10 samples (15 measurements) randomly selected from a batch of 390 bars. The certified Seebeck coefficient values are provided from 10 to 390 K, and they are further supported by transient measurements. The availability of this SRM will validate measurement results, leading to a better understanding of the structure/property relationships and underlying physics of potential high-efficiency thermoelectric materials.

In an effort to develop a Standard Reference Material (SRM™) for Seebeck coefficient, we have conducted a round-robin measurement survey of two candidate materials—undoped Bi2Te3 and Constantan (55 % Cu and 45 % Ni alloy). Measurements were performed in two rounds by twelve laboratories involved in active thermoelectric research using a number of different commercial and custom-built measurement systems and techniques. In this paper we report the detailed statistical analyses on the interlaboratory measurement results and the statistical methodology for analysis of irregularly sampled measurement curves in the interlaboratory study setting. Based on these results, we have selected Bi2Te3 as the prototype standard material. Once available, this SRM will be useful for future interlaboratory data comparison and instrument calibrations.

A Standard Reference Material (SRM™) for the Seebeck coefficient is critical for inter-laboratory data comparison and for instrument calibration. To develop this SRM™, we have conducted an international round-robin measurement survey of two candidate materials—undoped Bi2Te3 and constantan (55% Cu and 45% Ni alloy). Measurements were performed in two rounds by twelve laboratories involved in active thermoelectric research using a number of commercial and custom-built measurement systems and techniques. We report the results of these measurements and the statistical analysis performed. Based on this extensive study, we have selected Bi2Te3 as the prototype standard material.

Kalman filtering is introduced as a rational means for developing a monitoring strategy for concrete structures. The mathematics and utility of linear Kalman filters are presented briefly, and the use of linear filters is demonstrated for Fickian diffusion. The nonlinear extended Kalman filter is introduced and its utility in estimating a transport parameter is demonstrated. The concrete service life computer program 4SIGHT is introduced briefly and combined with nonlinear filtering to refine the transport coefficient from a laboratory diffusion experiment. A fictitious monitoring strategy is presented that uses Kalman filtering to both refine estimates and extend the time between monitoring intervals. The advantages of using Kalman filtering, along with the remaining technical difficulties, are discussed.

The exchange anisotropy in NiFe/NiMn bilayers was studied by using the planar Hall effect. The sputtered NiFe/NiMn films were patterned into strips of 1 mm in length and 200 μm in width and with six terminals for anisotropy magnetoresistance and planar Hall voltage measurements by a photolithographic process. It is shown that the planar Hall effect is an effective method to characterize the exchange anisotropy in ferromagnetic/antiferromagnetic (AF) systems. It can be used to accurately determine the exchange field and describe the magnetization reversal processes. The effective uniaxial anisotropy field HK eff, the effective unidirectional anisotropy field Hud, and AF domain wall energy Hw can be obtained by fitting the experimental results. We found that in the NiFe/NiMn bilayer system, the parameters HK eff, Hud, and Hw have the same values in reversible and irreversible measurements, and the domain wall energy in AF layer is larger than interfacial unidirectional anisotropy.

Spin valve multilayers exhibiting enhanced giant magnetoresistive (GMR) effect and weak interlayer coupling as well as strong exchange biasing were fabricated by a two-step deposition procedure. The down sublayers (i.e., buffer layer Ta/free layer NiFe/interlayer Cu) were deposited at a lower argon pressure, then the upper sublayers (i.e., pinned layer NiFe/pinning layer FeMn/cover layer Ta) were deposited at a higher argon pressure. The former promoted formation of the strong (111) textures, smooth interfaces, and dense Cu film, resulting in a weak interlayer coupling. The latter promoted small domains and less diffusive interfaces, resulting in a strong exchange biasing and an enhanced GMR ratio. This shows that independent control of magnetoresistance, interlayer coupling, and exchange biasing is possible.

The study synthesizes Co microspheres with perfect spherical shape by use hydrazine hydrate as reducing agent to reduce CoCl2 in alkaline conditions at room temperature, the influence of NaOH addition amount on crystal morphology and structure of cobalt particle were studied. The results show that, under the condition of concentration of NaOH, 0.030g ml-1 and having ethylene glycol as solvent, are the best choice to synthesize Co microspheres, and the grain is smaller, suitable for industrial production. At the condition of less amount of NaOH, cobalt particle's surface is smooth spherical, and with the increase of NaOH, particles will deviate from the spherical morphology and the surface become rough. The first section in your paper

Synthetic spin-filter spin valves with spin-engineered biasing scheme “sub/Ta/NiFe/IrMn/NiFe/NOL/Cu1/CoFe/Cu2/CoFe/Ru/CoFe/IrMn/Ta” were developed. In the structure, the orthogonal magnetic configuration for biasing and pinning field was obtained by one-step magnetic annealing process by means of spin flop, which eliminated the need for two antiferromagnetic materials with distinctively different blocking temperatures and two-step magnetic annealing as in conventional exchange biasing scheme. The longitudinal domain biasing of spin valves was achieved by using interlayer coupling field through Cu1 spacer. By adjusting the thickness of the Cu1 layer, the interlayer coupling biasing field can provide domain stabilization and was sufficiently strong to constrain the magnetization in coherent rotation. This can prevent Barkhausen noises associated with magnetization reversal. We report here a proof of concept study of such a domain-biasing scheme, which has its important technological applications in nanoscale spin valve and magnetic tunneling junction read heads and other spintronic devices.

Spin valves with structure of sub/Ta/NiFe/FeMn/NiFe/Mo/NiFe/Cu/NiFe/CrMnPt/Ta were developed. In this configuration, a longitudinal-biasing field from interlayer coupling stabilized the magnetic domains of the free layer. Planar Hall effect was used to study the magnetization reversal process of the free layer. It was shown that by adjusting the thickness of Mo layer, the interlayer coupling biasing field can provide domain stabilization and was sufficiently strong to constrain the magnetization in coherent rotation. This can prevent Barkhausen noises associated with magnetization reversal. Such a spin valve sensor structure is particularly attractive for high density read heads.

The translocation of the 325 leftmost bp of the genome of pseudorabies virus (PrV) to the internal junction between the L and S components confers upon the virus a growth advantage relative to wild-type PrV in chicken embryo fibroblasts (CEFs) and chickens and a growth disadvantage in rabbit kidney (RK) cells and mice. To clarify the molecular basis for the species-specific growth characteristics of the translocation mutants, we have compared several parameters of the virus growth cycle in CEFs and RK cells infected with wild-type PrV and with translocation mutants. The salient findings are as follows. (i) The synthesis of early-late and late proteins is not as effective in CEFs as it is in RK cells, and these proteins, in particular, the major capsid proteins, accumulate less abundantly in CEFs than in RK cells. (ii) Cleavage of concatemeric DNA to genome-size molecules is also not as effective in CEFs as it is in RK cells. (iii) The internal junction present in translocation mutants is a functional cleavage site. (iv) In RK cells, translocation mutants are hypercleaved and a significant proportion of the total viral DNA is cleaved into subgenomic fragments. (v) In CEFs infected with translocation mutants, subgenomic fragments also accumulate but most of the viral DNA remains in concatemeric form. A model which postulates that the cell-specific growth advantage or disadvantage of the translocation mutants is related to the presence of a second cleavage site within their genomes and is affected by the efficiency of cleavage of concatemeric DNA in particular infected cell types is presented. The significance of these findings as they relate to the evolution of herpesviruses with class 2- and class 3-like genomes is discussed.

We have localized an origin of DNA replication at the L terminus of the pseudorabies virus genome. This origin differs in location as well as in general structure from the origins of replication of other herpesviruses that have been identified. The 600 leftmost nucleotides of the genome that were found to include origin function have been analyzed. This sequence is composed of an 82-bp palindrome whose center of symmetry is separated by 352 unique bp (UL2). Within the UL2, a sequence that fits the consensus sequence of the NF1 binding site, as well as one that has partial homology to the binding site of UL9 of herpes simplex virus, is present. Using truncated fragments of DNA, sequences essential for minimal origin function were delimited to within a fragment that includes the terminal 104 bp of the left end of the genome. Within these 104 bp, two elements essential to origin function have been identified. One of these elements is present within the terminal 64 bp of the L component (within one of the palindromic arms). The other is present within the 22 bp of the UL2 adjacent to this palindromic arm. Other auxiliary elements, although not essential for origin function, contribute to more efficient replication. The NF1 and UL9 binding site homologies were found to be nonessential to origin function.

The scientific activities of NIST include the development and distribution of standard reference materials (SRMtrade) for instrument calibration and inter-laboratory data comparison. Full characterization of a thermoelectric material requires measurement of the electrical resistivity, thermal conductivity, and Seebeck coefficient. While standard reference materials exist or have existed for the first two properties, Seebeck coefficient standard reference materials are not available. In an effort to expedite research efforts in this field, we have initiated a project to develop a Seebeck coefficient SRMtrade material. Currently, we have completed a round-robin measurement survey of two candidate materials, Bi2Te3 and constantan (55% Cu and 45% Ni). In this paper, we summarize our plan and development effort, including the results and the methodology used for the round-robin measurement survey.

A spin valve giant magnetoresistive (GMR) or tunnel magnetoresistive (TMR) head is designed to exhibit a transfer curve, which is sensitive, non-hysteric, linear, and noise free. The basic approach to achieve these properties is to make the easy axis of the free layer parallel to an air bearing surface (ABS) and a longitudinal domain bias technique is employed to magnetise the free layer along its easy axis to saturation so that a single domain state is obtained in the free layer and the head is free from Barkhauson noise during its operation. The most commonly used domain bias techniques are permanent magnet biasing (PM biasing) and antiferromagnet exchange-tab biasing (AF exchange-tab biasing). However, these existing domain bias techniques are becoming obsolete as the continued miniaturization of sensors is approaching the nanometre regime. This paper will first review the basic principles, advantages and disadvantages of the existing domain bias techniques. We will then present our recent work on a new domain bias technique for nanoscale magneto-electronic devices employing interlayer exchange coupling and spin flop of synthetic antiferromagnets.

Non-oxide nano-powders of SiC, Si3N4 and Si/C/N have been prepared by CVD method using three systems of Si(CH3)2Cl2-H2 (DMS-H2), Si(CH3)2Cl2-NH3-H2 (DMS-NH3-H2 ) and (Si(CH3)3)2NH-H2 (HMDS-H2 ). In DMS system, gas state SiC pyrolyzed from DMS has very high saturation according to thermodynamic analysis, which will greatly benefit the preparation of ultrafine SiC powders. While in DMS-NH3-H2 system, DMS reacts with NH3 firstly to produce Si3N4 so that the N content in the powders can be controlled by modifying the NH3 to DMS proportion of concentration. In HMDS-H2 system, Si/C/N composed powders or monolithic powders may be obtained by controlling the reactant concentrations, reaction temperature, and heat treatment conditions.

Liquorice (root of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) is an important Chinese traditional medicine for many ailments (4). From 2002, severe outbreaks of root rot occurring on cultivated G. uralensis plants in Ningxia, China, have affected the yield and quality of liquorice and been considered as a major threat to commercial production of liquorice. Approximately 30% of the plants die from this disease in Ningxia every year. The disease, mainly affecting 2- to 4-year-old G. uralensis seedlings, begins with brown rot of root tips or lateral roots followed by internal decay of taproots during June to August every year. The infected plants are wilted with chlorotic foliage and easily pulled up from the soil. Root rot is clearly visible as a severe brown discoloration of vascular tissue along taproots. In severe cases, white mycelia are clearly visible on the surface of diseased roots and roots are decomposed. Isolations from diseased roots were made on potato dextrose agar (PDA) amended with streptomycin sulfate. Isolates (n = 78) were recovered from symptomatic roots (n = 105) and pure cultures were established by the single spore method. The two most frequently isolated fungi were transferred to potato sucrose agar and identified as Fusarium solani (61.5%) and F. oxysporum (30.8%) (1). The monophialides bearing microconidia of F. solani are long when compared to those of F. oxysporum. Genomic DNA of strains F. solani G013 and F. oxysporum FLR were extracted from mycelia with the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) method. Primers EF1-728F and EF1-986R were used to amplify the translation elongation factor-1α (TEF-1α) gene (2). The TEF-1α sequences of F. solani G013 (GenBank Accession No. AB777258) and F. oxysporum FLR (AB777257) shared 99 and 100% similarity with F. solani isolate NRRL52790 and F. oxysporum isolate NRRL 38328, respectively. Pathogenicity tests with one representative isolate of each species were conducted in the greenhouse on 1-month-old potted G. uralensis seedlings (12 plants per treatment). Isolates of the tested fungi were transferred to PDA and incubated in darkness at 24 ± 1°C for 7 days. Plant taproots about 5 cm below the soil surface were wounded with a sterile needle and five 5-mm-diameter fungal disks on the margin of colony were taken and firmly placed on the wounded location of each taproot with tinfoil; wounded taproots of seedlings inoculated with sterile PDA disks were used as controls (3). Root rot was assessed 2 months after inoculation. F. solani G013 and F. oxysporum FLR produced root rot symptoms on inoculated plants that were the same as those observed in field plants, and the fungi were reisolated from roots with typical symptoms. Control plants inoculated with sterile PDA disks remained asymptomatic, and no pathogen was isolated from them. To our knowledge, this is the first report of root rot caused by F. solani and F. oxysporum on G. uralensis in China. Effective control strategies are needed to minimize losses. References: (1) C. Booth. The Genus Fusarium. Commonwealth Mycological Institute, Farnham Royal, 1971. (2) I. Carbone and L. M. Kohn. Mycologia 91:553, 1999. (3) M. Guo et al. Plant Dis. 96:909, 2012. (4) T. Wu et al. Am. Assoc. Pharm. Sci. J. 13:1, 2011.

42 cases of hypertensive encephalorrhagia (HER) were randomly divided into two groups. All cases received treatment within three days after the attack, group I received current conventional treatment as control, group II took 100ml Naoxuenin (NXN) oral liquid with conventional treatment. Effects were evaluated after 14-day treatment. Results indicated that NXN had direct therapeutic effect or/and synergistic effect on HER in acute phase, the mortality was significantly lowered (P0.05) and the recovery of nerve function speeded up in group II. And NXN displayed similar effect on different Syndromes and Types of the acute phase of HER (P0.05). Analysis of results of hemorheological examination of pre- and post-treatment suggested that NXN could improve the microcirculation and prevent the high hemo-viscosity syndrome caused by dehydration therapy.

We report the voltage tunable photodetecting properties of a La0.4Ca0.6MnO3 film grown on miscut LaSrAlO4 (001) substrates under ultraviolet pulsed laser irradiation at ambient temperature. The photovoltage and photocurrent peak sensitivities can be tuned in the range of 0.295–0.786 V/mJ and 0.172–0.314 A/mJ, respectively, when the applied bias is changed from −20 to +20 V, indicating that the vicinal manganite film can be used as an electric tunable ultraviolet photodetector. A possible mechanism based on the high resolution transmission electron microscopy is introduced to explain the experiment results.

In mice, DMPS (250 mg/kg, i.v.) combined with diazepam (1.25 mg/kg, i.p.) could increase LD50 of p. o. SCD 5.3 times. DMPS (62.5 mg/kg, i.v.) antagonized completely the respiratory depression and neuromuscular blockade caused by SCD(7.5 mg/kg, i.v.) in rabbits. SCD (15 mg/kg, i.v.) caused tremor, tonic convulsion and the abnormal paroxysmal discharges in EEG in rabbits. DMPS (0.5 mg/kg, i.c.v) could not eliminate the abnormal paroxysmal discharges in EEG of rabbits. DMPS (62.5 mg/kg, i.v.) combined with diazepam (5 mg/kg, i.v.) completely and rapidly antagonize these toxic symptoms and the abnormal changes in EEG.