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As a new energy material of environmental protection, biomass porous carbon material has been a research hotspot in recent years. In this paper, the porous carbon materials from lettuce leaves (LLs-temperature-proportional-activator) were prepared under different conditions, such as sintering temperature, the different activator, and the mass ratio of raw material and the activator, and the technological conditions were optimized through the discussion on their lithium storage performances. The results show that there are two broad and weak XRD peaks at 2θ=22°-26° and 2θ≈43° in each material, corresponding to the lattice plane (002) and (101), which indicates that the material is an amorphous carbon material with a certain degree of graphitization. In addition, the first discharge capacity of LLs-800-4R-K can reach 674.5 mAh/g. After 200 cycles, its discharge specific capacity can be maintained at 209.6 mAh /g, and the energy density is 146.8 Wh/kg. It illustrates that LLs-800-4R-K has good cycle performance and specific capacity. Thus, the optimum process conditions are as follows. The sintering temperature is at 800 ℃, KOH is used as activator, the mass ratio of raw material and the activator is 1:4.

This paper presents an experimental investigation of bending performance of composite sandwich panels with new mixed core, sandwich panels were tested by four-point bending test. Parametric study was conducted to investigate the influence of different core materials on the failure mode, ultimate bearing capacity, stiffness and ductility of composite sandwich panels. The results of the experimental investigation showed that the mixed core can change the failure mode of sandwich panels. The failure mode of wooden panels is characterized by tensile failure of bottom wood, and the failure mode of composite sandwich panels with wood core is that the surface layer and core are stripped and the webs are damaged by shear, while the failure mode of composite sandwich panels with wood and polyurethane foam mixed core is the shear failure of the web. Composite sandwich panels with GFRP-wood-polyurethane foam core have better bending performance and can effectively reduce the weight of panels.

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) stands as a predominant and perilous malignant neoplasm globally, with the majority of cases originating from oral potential malignant disorders (OPMDs). Despite this, effective strategies to impede the progression of OPMDs to OSCC remain elusive. In this study, we established mouse models of oral carcinogenesis via 4‐nitroquinoline 1‐oxide induction, mirroring the sequential transformation from normal oral mucosa to OPMDs, culminating in OSCC development. By intervening during the OPMDs stage, we observed that combining PD1 blockade with photodynamic therapy (PDT) significantly mitigated oral carcinogenesis progression. Single‐cell transcriptomic sequencing unveiled microenvironmental dysregulation occurring predominantly from OPMDs to OSCC stages, fostering a tumor‐promoting milieu characterized by increased Treg proportion, heightened S100A8 expression, and decreased Fib_Igfbp5 (a specific fibroblast subtype) proportion, among others. Notably, intervening with PD1 blockade and PDT during the OPMDs stage hindered the formation of the tumor‐promoting microenvironment, resulting in decreased Treg proportion, reduced S100A8 expression, and increased Fib_Igfbp5 proportion. Moreover, combination therapy elicited a more robust treatment‐associated immune response compared with monotherapy. In essence, our findings present a novel strategy for curtailing the progression of oral carcinogenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study was aimed to evaluate the safety and benefit of short‐term application of hydroxychloroquine in the management of atrophic/erosive/ulcerative oral lichen planus (OLP). Methods: This multicenter, randomized, controlled, evaluator‐blinded, prospective clinical trial was performed from October 1, 2019, to September 1, 2022. A total of 99 patients were randomized to receive systemic use of hydroxychloroquine (n = 50), or topical use of 0.05% dexamethasone (n = 49) for 4 weeks. The response to both treatment modalities was evaluated according to reticulation, hyperemic, and ulceration (RHU) score and visual analog scale (VAS) score. Results: After 4 weeks of medication, both groups showed substantial reduction in RHU and VAS score (p < 0.05). In hydroxychloroquine group, the average of RHU score was reduced from 10.60 to 7.68 (dropped 27.49%), and the average of VAS score was reduced from 3.74 to 2.47 (dropped 34.09%). There were no differences between the two groups in reduction of RHU score and VAS score (p > 0.05). Single factor analysis found hyperemic area (p = 0.019) and erosive/ulcerative area (p = 0.024) had impacts on drug efficacy of hydroxychloroquine, and logistic regression revealed that no factors (p > 0.05) influenced its efficacy. Conclusion: These findings indicate hydroxychloroquine is a safe and effective agent in treating atrophic/erosive/ulcerative OLP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]