Search

Under the “dual carbon” strategy aimed at further reducing carbon emissions and improving wind and PV power consumption， this study proposes a low-carbon optimal scheduling strategy for hybrid wind/PV/storage microgrids considering green electricity certificate （GEC） trading and carbon emission constraints. With the goal of minimizing the overall operational costs of the microgrid systems， the GEC trading scenario is considered along with constraints of microgrid operation. Moreover， the cost of carbon emissions is introduced. A low-carbon optimal scheduling model for hybrid wind/PV/storage microgrids considering GEC trading and carbon emission constraints is established. The model is simulated and solved using the YALMIP toolbox in MATLAB and the Gurobi optimizer respectively. The simulation results demonstrate that the model effectively minimizes both the economic costs and carbon emissions of the system， while taking into account environmental benefits. This provides an efficient approach for the low-carbon scheduling of microgrids.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can provide excellent, reliable, and effective solutions for anti-microbial, drug-loading, and other purposes due to their extraordinary physical, chemical, and biological characteristics. Different methods have been used in the synthesis and characterization of AgNPs, and AgNPs have been applied in various fields of biomedicine, including dentistry, oncology, diabetology, neurodegenerative disorders, and so on. However, the cytotoxicity of AgNPs has not been solved during their application, making them controversial. The aim of this review is to summarize the capabilities, synthesis, and characterization methods, and the application of AgNPs in various biomedicine fields. In addition, the toxicity of AgNPs is explicated, and the methods of enhancing the benefit properties and reducing the toxicity of AgNPs are demonstrated. In the end, the perspective of AgNPs’ research and application are proposed for the great potential in biomedicine contributing to human health.

Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the main pathological type of primary liver cancer (PLC) and is closely associated with Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. HCC in its early stages often presents no significant symptoms and is usually discovered at an advanced stage with liver, portal vein, or other site metastases, leading to a poor prognosis. Regular screening and early diagnosis in high-risk populations in the early stages of the disease are of great significance for clinical treatment and prognosis. Objective To explore the application value of oligosaccharides and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in the risk population and patients of HBV-related HCC, providing a reference for clinical diagnosis. Methods The study included 165 chronic HBV infection patients treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University from January to November 2022, comprising 123 non-HCC and 42 HCC patients. Patient data (age, gender, cirrhosis status), laboratory indices[total bilirubin (TB), albumin (ALB), platelet count (PLT), AFP]were collected through electronic medical records, and a liver cancer risk prediction model score for chronic liver disease patients (aMAP score) was calculated, along with oligosaccharide marker test results (G-Test). HCC patients were classified as the HCC group (42 cases), and non-HCC patients were divided based on aMAP scores into low-risk (60 points, 39 cases) groups. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to analyze the efficacy of AFP, G-Test, and their combined diagnosis of HCC, calculating the area under the ROC curve (AUC), and the DeLong test was used to compare the differences between combined and single indicator AUCs. Kappa consistency tests were used to analyze the consistency of AFP and G-Test with clinical diagnostic results. Results In patients with HCC, levels of AFP and G-Test were higher compared to those in the low-risk, medium-risk, and high-risk groups (P

Abstract •we report the case of a 36-year-old female patient who presented to our hospital with a diagnosis of cystitis glandularis manifesting as a vesicovaginal fistula. She underwent cystoscopic biopsy at a local hospital, but anti-inflammatory treatment was ineffective, and the patient was experiencing low urination frequency and urgency, as well as pain. The patient underwent laparoscopic repair of a cystoscopy-confirmed vesicovaginal fistula. After surgery, the patient experienced a paroxysm of Crohn’s disease with multiple small bowel fistulas and erosion of the external iliac vessels that ruptured to form an external iliac vessel small bowel fistula. The fistula was confirmed by surgical exploration, and the patient eventually died.

Mechanical behavior of press-induced deformation of polycarbonate at intermediate strain rates was studied by finite element method. Based on DSGZ constitutive model, polycarbonate cylindrical uniaxial compression finite element simulation was carried out. Effectiveness of the model for prediction of compressive mechanical response was verified by contrast of simulated and experimental results, calculation of prediction accuracy of model, and analyzation of multi-physics distribution in material after compressive deformation. Mechanical evolution rule of polycarbonate plates was obtained by simulation of the solid-state deformation in lateral restricted mode. The results show that simulated stress-strain curves is in good agreement with that acquired from experiment in the process of uniaxial compressive deformation, and stress-strain relationship in compressive elastic-plastic deformation can accurately predicted by DSGZ model relatively. The overall deformation of material was uniform, and the sensitivity of stress response to temperature is higher than that of strain rate in cylindrical uniaxial compressive deformation and press-induced deformed simulation. Mechanical behavior of press-induced deformation of polycarbonate was reflected by simulated results, which can be an important basis for engineering realization of press-induced deformation of polycarbonate, and provide strong support for material strengthening and its application in aircraft cockpit transparencies.

‘Zijia 1’ is a new variety of Acanthopanax senticosus bred by our team, its tender stems and leaves characterized with gray-purple color and sweet taste. This study is aim to isolate and purify the polysaccharides from the tender stems and leaves of ‘Zijia 1’, and determine the monosaccharide composition and molecular weight of different fractions obtained after separation, and the antioxidant activity of each fraction was evaluated. The crude Asenticosus polysaccharides (ASPS) were obtained from the tender stems and leaves of ‘Zijia 1’ by water extraction and alcohol precipitation, which were then separated and purified by DEAE-Cellulose 52 ion column and Sephadex G-100 gel column to obtain a uniform component. The ion chromatography and gel permeation chromatography-refractive index-multi-angle laser light scattering method was exploited to determine the monosaccharide compositions and molecular weight of the polysaccharides fractions. The hydroxyl radical (·OH), superoxide radical (O2-·) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) scavenging ability were determined to evaluate the antioxidant of each fraction in vitro. Four polysaccharides ASPA-1-1, ASPA-2-1, ASPA-3-1 and ASPN-1 were isolated and purified from ASPS, with molecular weight of 8.10, 26.15, 0.91, 0.89 kDa, respectively, mainly composed of arabinose, rhamnose, galactose, glucose, xylose, mannose, ribose, galacturonic acid and glucuronic acid in different proportions. The ASPA-1-1, ASPA-2-1, ASPA-3-1 and ASPN-1 from ‘Zijia 1’ demonstrated significant scavenging activities on ·OH, O2-· and DPPH free radical, the ability of ASPA-2-1 to scavenge ·OH and DPPH is higher than ASPA-1-1, ASPA-3-1 and ASPN-1; ASPA-3-1 has the strongest ability to scavenge O2-·. Therefore, the purified polysaccharides from ‘Zijia 1’ has obvious antioxidant activity, which provides a scientific theoretical basis for its further utilization.

As a common foodborne pathogen， Escherichia coli （E. coli） O157：H7 can cause serious diseases in human body at low infectious doses. Lateral flow chromatographic assay （LFCA） can meet the requirement of detecting E. coli O157：H7 in food samples rapidly due to its efficient separation property. At present， the widely-used LFCA methods generate weak signal strength and possess low detection sensitivity， which can hardly detect low concentration of E. coli O157：H7. Therefore， this review focuses on the newly published LFCA literature， and a systematic induction is performed concerning the detection efficiency and sensitivity of the above studies. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are compared in this review， which will provide important conclusive guidance for the development of LFCA in E. coli O157：H7 detection.

A venous port system is designed to be implanted into the central venous system for a long time. As a common complication of chemotherapy through central venous port system, extravasation may lead to the interruption of treatments. This article analyzed the causes of infusion extravasation of implanted venous infusion port, describe the clinical manifestations of infusion extravasation, and put forward the countermeasures and preventive measures for infusion extravasation of implantable venous port. This study was expected to provide evidence and reference for the nursing of this complication in clinical practice. (植入式静脉输液港是一种可长期留置在体内的中心静脉输液装置, 静脉输液港使用过程中会出现药物外渗等并发症, 不利于患者后续治疗。本研究分析了植入式静脉输液港输液外渗的发生原因, 阐述了输液外渗的临床表现, 并提出了植入式静脉输液港输液外渗的应对策略及预防措施, 以期为临床护理实践提供参考。)

Baishanzu area in Qingyuan, Zhejiang Province, which is famous for the discovery of Abies beshanzuensis, has the most typical mid-subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest and complete vertical zones of mountain ecosystems in China, and this provides good natural conditions for paleoclimatic reconstruction using surface soil and airborne pollen data. Based on the pollen spectra of nine surface soil pollen samples collected at 300-1,700 m altitude, the relationship between vegetation and surface soil pollen in this area was preliminarily studied. The results show that surface soil pollen in this area can be divided into three assemblage zones from top to bottom according to altitude and ratios of coniferous pollen/broad-leaved pollen and arboreal pollen/non-arboreal pollen, which correspond to the evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest and temperate coniferous forest, evergreen broad-leaved forest and warm coniferous forest, secondary forest, and farmland (caused by human interference) zones. The surface pollen assemblages were dominated by the evergreen coniferous tree species Pinus, with an average pollen content of 67.5%. The pollen of Castanopsis (6.2%), Quercus (3.4%), Betula (1.4%), and Corylus (1.4%) is common. In contrast, Cyclobalanopsis, Liquidambar, Symplocos, Tsuga, Oleaceae, and Ericaceae had lower contents. Herbaceous plants are dominated by Poaceae (11.2%), including Artemisia, Chenopodiaceae, Apiaceae, Asteraceae, etc. The spore content of fern vegetation was high, mainly Hicriopteris (38.2%) and Polypodiaceae (7.4%). Pinus pollen appeared in all samples, with the highest average content. With increasing altitude, the mean percentage gradually increased from 54.8% to 77.3%, and it is an overly represented pollen with a low sedimentation rate that is easily preserved and transported to the area. Abies pollen is only observed in the samples under the A. beshanzuensis tree at an altitude of 1,700 m. Its percentage is lower than 1%, which may be related to low pollen yield and the relatively narrow distribution range of A. beshanzuensis in this area. In addition, the pollen diversity analysis results based on Simpson's index show that human interference factors prevent the surface soil pollen at lower altitudes in this area from reflecting the regional zonal vegetation. With decreasing altitude, the deciduous component of arboreal pollen in the pollen assemblage increased from 13.2% in Zone I to 40.9% in Zone III. Zone III shows a coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forest zone caused by human factors. The content of the evergreen component in zone I is high, which is related to the high humidity at higher altitudes. This study selects Baishanzu National Park to study the surface soil pollen and preliminarily discusses the characteristics of the surface soil pollen assemblage and its relationship with vegetation, which provide research materials and the basis for Quaternary paleovegetation and paleoclimate reconstructions in the Baishanzu area, Qingyuan County, China. However, due to a lack of surface soil samples and modern vegetation investigation data, the reliability of the research results is affected. In future research, sampling and density quadrat surveys of surface sampling sites will be increased to cover as many vegetation zones as possible.

In this paper, we preprocess the equipment data using by exponential smoothing method, fit the fault information by using the distribution model, and evaluate the fitting degree of the function with the help of the K-S test to derive the equipment fault information function. In accordance with the correlation mapping between the distribution network health index and the existence of faults, the health index of the distribution network equipment in the region before and after the self-healing of faults is comprehensively calculated, and the state assessment of the equipment is carried out. Before and after the fault self-healing of the IEEE33 node system, the system loss is reduced by 58.89%, as evidenced by the results. Before and after the fault self-healing, Condition 1: the line health index ranges from 1.317 to 3.777, and the transformer health index ranges from 2.011 to 4.646. Condition 2: the line health index ranges from 2.284 to 4.059, and the transformer health index ranges from 1.653 to 4.047, respectively. And Condition 3: the health indices all increase by varying from 0.711 to 2.067. Localized equipment degradation has a significant impact on the overall health of the network, with lines affecting the system to a greater extent than transformers. To summarize, the proposed health index state assessment method can effectively determine the health state of distribution networks before and after fault self-healing.

Tourist flow research is an important part of tourism research, providing the basis for the development of tourism. This paper takes different scenic spots in nine regions of M as the research object, takes social network analysis as the primary research method, and evaluates the node and overall network structure characteristics of tourist flow in M through the social node and overall network structure indicators. Using the “Octopus Collector” software to collect data, integrating 685 online travelogues about this region on the platform of related tourism websites, and using related software to process and analyze the data, it is found that there is a great deal of variability between different tourist attractions in M. From the viewpoint of node network structure, M1 scenic spot is in the center position between M tourist attractions, and among the 38 different scenic spots investigated in M area, there are only 6 attractions with extremely strong competitiveness, which can play the role of guiding the flow direction of tourist streams, and the others basically rely on the driving of the tourist volume of these tourist nodes in order to develop. From the overall network structure, the outward value, inward value, outward value and inward value close to the center potential of the degree center potential in the tourist flow network of M is greater than 30%, the overall scenic nodes of M are not closely connected, and the difference between the core scenic spots and the marginal scenic spots in terms of tourist flow is large.

Epinephrine is the first-line emergency drug for cardiac arrest and anaphylactic reactions but is reported to be associated with many challenges resulting in its under- or improper utilization. Therefore, in this meta-analysis, the efficacy and safety of epinephrine as a first-line cardiac emergency drug for both out-of-hospital and in-hospital patients was assessed. Pertinent articles were searched in central databases like PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, using appropriate keywords as per the PRISMA guidelines. Retrospective and prospective studies were included according to the predefined PICOS criteria. RevMan and MedCalc software were used and statistical parameters such as odds ratio and risk ratio were calculated. Twelve clinical trials with a total of 208,690 cardiac arrest patients from 2000 to 2022 were included, in accordance with the chosen inclusion criteria. In the present meta-analysis, a high odds ratio (OR) value of 3.67 (95 % CI 2.32–5.81) with a tau2 value of 0.64, a chi2 value of 12,446.86, df value of 11, I2 value of 100 %, Z-value 5.53, and a p-value < 0.00001 were reported. Similarly, the risk ratio of 1.89 (95 % CI 1.47–2.43) with a tau2 value of 0.19, chi2 value of 11,530.67, df value of 11, I2 value of 100 %, Z-value of 4.95, and p-value < 0.000001. The present meta-analysis strongly prefers epinephrine injection as the first cardiac emergency drug for both out-of-hospital and in-hospital patients during cardiac arrest.

This research aimed to evaluate the eradication efficacy, safety, and gastrointestinal symptom relief rates of empirical bismuth quadruple therapy, high-dose dual therapy, and resistance gene-based triple therapy in primary eradication patients in Yangzhou, China. It also investigated the possible factors influencing the success of different Helicobacter pylori eradication regimens. A single-center, prospective, open-label, randomized controlled study was performed from December 2020 and October 2021, in which 255 patients with H. pylori infection were assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to the three different groups. Our results showed that high-dose dual therapy (91.0%, 71/78) and resistance gene-based triple therapy (94.9%, 75/79) achieved eradication rates and compliance equivalent to those of empirical bismuth quadruple therapy (85.3%, 64/75) in the per-protocol analysis, while high-dose dual therapy had lower rates of adverse events (11.5%, 9/78, P < 0.05), fewer side effects, and greater safety. Most patients’ gastrointestinal discomfort symptoms improved after eradication of H. pylori. Poor compliance (P < 0.05) and antibiotic resistance (P < 0.05) were risk factors for the efficacy of H. pylori eradication. Therefore, the appropriate regimen can be individualized for eradication therapy in clinical practice according to the patient’s resistance and tolerance to the drug.

Objective To understand the current situation of research level and development ability of ICU specialist nurses in Guangxi, China, and to provide a reference basis for further improving the use and training of ICU specialist nurses. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-made structured questionnaire on the specialist nurses who obtained the ICU specialist nurse certification in Guangxi from 2010 to 2022. Results A total of 192 ICU specialist nurses were surveyed, 122 (63. 54%) had published papers, 45 (23. 44%) were the leading researcher of the project, 77 (40. 10%) had obtained patents; 51 (26. 56%) had participated in consultations, and 133 (69. 27%) had obtained specialist nurse certificates and then attended continuing education training. There were statistical differences in scientific achievements, participation in consultation and continuing education among specialist nurses with different titles, positions and working ages (P

Insulin-like-growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is the ligand for insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), and the roles of IGF-1/IGF-1R in diabetic nephropathy (DN) are well-characterized previously. However, the biological functions of AG1024 (an IGF-1R inhibitor) in DN remain unknown. This study investigates the roles and related mechanisms of AG-1024 in DN. The experimental DN was established via intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin, and STZ-induced diabetic rats were treated with AG1024 (20 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks. The 24 h proteinuria, blood glucose level, serum creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen were measured for biochemical analyses. The increase in 24 h proteinuria, blood glucose level, serum creatinine, and blood urea of DN rats were conspicuously abated by AG1024. After biochemical analyses, the renal tissue specimens were collected, and as revealed by hematoxylin and eosin staining and Masson staining, AG-1024 mitigated typical renal damage and interstitial fibrosis in DN rats. Then, the anti-inflammatory effect of AG-1024 was assessed by western blotting and ELISA. Mechanistically, AG-1024 upregulated SOCS1 and SOCS3 expression and decreased phosphorylated JAK2, STAT1, and STAT3, as shown by western blotting. Collectively, AG-1024 (an IGF-1R inhibitor) ameliorates renal injury in experimental DN by attenuating renal inflammation and fibrosis via the SOCS/JAK2/STAT pathway.

Short-wall block backfill mining (SBBM) technology can effectively solve the problems of coal resources waste, water resources loss and gangue waste accumulation. However, after the long-term effect of mine water, the internal heavy metal ions in the gangue backfill materials may be leached, which have a certain potential impact on the groundwater environment in the mining area. Therefore, according to the technical characteristics of SBBM technology, comprehensive prevention of water resources loss and water resources pollution during SBBM was studied systematically. First, prevention and control of water resources loss in the mining area. Based on the combination relationship of “coal pillar, backfill body-barrier layer-aquifuge”, The development of water-conducting fractures in overlying strata under SBBM were analysed. The control mechanism of water resources protection under the evolution of overlying strata structure induced during SBBM was revealed. Secondly, prevention and control of water resources pollution in mining areas. The migration model of heavy metal ions in the gob was established. Then, the pollution mechanism of gangue backfill materials to water resources was revealed, the migration law of heavy metal ions in gangue backfill materials was analyzed, the comprehensive prevention and control technology of water resources destruction in mining area was summarized, the comprehensive prevention and control technology of water resources loss-pollution in mining area was summarized, and the design method of filling ratio based on water resources loss-pollution prevention was put forward. The results show that the gangue materials were filled into the gob as the backfill body, the gangue materials would be the permanent bearing body, which bore the load of the overlying strata accompanied with the protective coal pillar among the blocks, which could greatly prevents the collapse of the low-level stratum, restrict the water-conducting fractures to penetrate the barrier layer and protect the integrity of the high-level stratum. In addition, the heavy metal ions in gangue backfill materials were subjected to the coupled action of seepage, concentration, and stress and then driven by water head pressure and gravitational potential energy to migrate along the side of the coal pillar and below the floor stratum, during which mine water served as the carrier. The migration distance of heavy metal ions increased with increasing of the permeability of floor strata, leaching concentration of heavy metal ions/pollution source intensity, depth of floor breaks and water level heights, and decreases with the increase of gangue particle size and surrounding rock stress. Based on this, the comprehensive prevention and control technology of water resources loss-pollution in mining area was summarized, it included mining parameter control technology, backfill parameter control technology, pollution source control technology, transmission route control technology and in-situ water control technology. and the design method of filling ratio based on water resource loss-pollution prevention and control was put forward, which can realize the comprehensive prevention and control of water resource loss-pollution in mining area. This study will provide scientific theoretical basis and guidance for the comprehensive prevention and control of the water resources destruction problems caused by coal mining.

Background: To explore the biological effects of CASC11 on aggravating diabetic nephropathy (DN) by regulating FoxO1 (forkhead transcription factor O1). Methods: Serum levels of CASC11 and FoxO1 in DN patients were detected. The possibility of CASC11 in predicting the onset of DN was analyzed by depicting ROC curves. Correlation between CASC11 and FoxO1 was evaluated by Pearson correlation test. After intervening CASC11 and FoxO1 levels, we found that changes in proliferative and migratory abilities in high glucose (HG)induced kidney mesangial cells were determined respectively. Protein levels of TGF-b1 and Smads regulated by both CASC11 and FoxO1 were examined by Western blot. Results: A high expression CASC11 but a low expression of FoxO1were in serum of DN patients, showing they were a negative correlation. Hence, CASC11 may be a diagnostic marker for DN. It attenuated proliferative and migratory abilities of HG-induced kidney mesangial cells, but the above inhibitory effects of CASC11 could be abolished by overexpression of FoxO1. Besides, protein levels of TGF-b1 and Smads were positively regulated by CASC11, but Smads regulation were reversed such changes. Conclusion: Through activating the TGF-b1/Smads signaling, CASC11 inhibits FoxO1 expression and thus induces the aggravation of DN.

This article constructs a nonlinear differential equation model that incorporates non-defective return factors and minimizes the expected cost of the inventory control problem under the cross-border e-commerce overseas warehouse model. Under the dynamic background, the problem of pricing and shop assistant decision-making in the supply chain is studied, and the differential game model is constructed. We use differential game theory to give pricing and store assistance strategies under decentralized and centralized decision-making. At the same time, we designed a contract to achieve supply chain coordination in this context. Numerical examples calculate the optimal return price and optimal order quantity under supply chain coordination.

Abstract Background To investigate the inhibition mechanism of copper ions on Streptococcus mutans–Veillonella parvula dual biofilm. Methods S. mutans–V. parvula dual biofilm was constructed and copper ions were added at different concentrations. After the biofilm was collected, RNA-seq and qRT-PCR were then performed to get gene information. Results The coculture of S. mutans and V. parvula formed a significantly better dual biofilm of larger biomass than S. mutans mono biofilm. And copper ions showed a more significant inhibitory effect on S. mutans–V. parvula dual biofilm than on S. mutans mono biofilm when copper ions concentration reached 100 µM, and copper ions showed a decreased inhibitory effect on S. gordonii–V. parvula dual biofilm and S. sanguis–V.parvula dual biofilm than on the two mono biofilms as the concentration of copper ions increased. And common trace elements such as iron, magnesium, and zinc showed no inhibitory effect difference on S. mutans–V. parvula dual biofilm. The RNA-seq results showed a significant difference in the expression of a new ABC transporter SMU_651c, SMU_652c, SMU_653c, and S. mutans copper chaperone copYAZ. SMU_651c, SMU_652c, and SMU_653c were predicted to function as nitrite/nitrate transporter-related proteins, which suggested the specific inhibition of copper ions on S. mutans–V. parvula dual biofilm may be caused by the activation of S. mutans reactive nitrogen species. Conclusions Streptococcus mutans and Veillonella parvula are symbiotic, forming a dual biofilm of larger biomass to better resist the external antibacterial substances, which may increase the virulence of S. mutans. While common trace elements such as iron, magnesium, and zinc showed no specific inhibitory effect on S. mutans–V. parvula dual biofilm, copper ion had a unique inhibitory effect on S. mutans–V. parvula dual biofilm which may be caused by activating S. mutans RNS when copper ions concentration reached 250 µM.

Objective To investigate the change profiles in the volume of the corpus callosum (CC) among typical development preschool children of different ages and sexes based on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from normal volunteers. Methods Typical development volunteer children aged 2~6 years were recruited openly in Chongqing during March 2018 and March 2019, and finally 89 children (49 males and 40 females) were included according to the criteria. 3DT1 serial thin-layer scans of brain MRI and Gesell Developmental Scale tests were completed in our radiological department. The CC data were automatically extracted and divided into 5 sub-regions using FREESURFER software. SPSS 22.0 Software was used to statistically analyze the CC data and its individual sub-region volumes by genders and ages in order to describe the reference range of CC volumes in preschool children of different sexes and ages (taking 95%CI). Results The volume of each CC sub-region was positively correlated with age (P < 0.05), including: posterior corpus callosum (PCC) (r=0.250), middle posterior corpus callosum (PMCC) (r=0.450), middle corpus callosum (MCC) (r=0.344), anterior middle corpus callosum (AMCC) (r=0.257), and total corpus callosum (TCC) (r=0.373), while no such correlation was found between anterior corpus callosum (ACC) volume and age (r=0.155, P=0.148). No statistically significant difference was seen in MCC volume by age and sex (P>0.05), and statistically significant differences in the volume of PCC, PMCC, AMCC, ACC and TCC were found among different ages and sexes (P < 0.05). Conclusion The ACC is already relatively stable at 2 years of age, while the other 4 CC sub-regions continue to develop progressively with age from 2 to 6 years.

In this work, a (2+1)-dimensional generalized Hirota–Satsuma–Ito equation realized to represent the propagation of unidirectional shallow water waves is investigated. We first study the breather wave solutions based on the three-wave method and the bilinear form. Second, the double-periodic soliton solutions are obtained via an undetermined coefficient method, which have not been seen in other literature. We present some illustrative figures to discuss the dynamic properties of the derived waves.

BackgroundAlthough the neutron image conversion screen is a key component of thermal neutron radiograph, its parameters can severely affect both the spatial resolution and thermal neutron-photon conversion efficiency.PurposeThis study aims to design a neutron image conversion screen for a thermal neutron transmission imaging system based on a compact D-D neutron source.MethodsFirstly, the Geant4 (Geometry and Tracking) program was used to simulate the physical process of thermal neutron transmission imaging and two-dimensional images of transmitted photons, and establish a thermal neutron radiography model based on LiF(ZnS) and LiF(GOS) image conversion screens, and the Siemens star image indicator model. Then, the line spread function (LSF) was employed to calculate spatial position resolution of neutron transmission imaging, and the relationships between the thickness of thermal neutron image conversion screens and the spatial resolution, as well as that between the thickness of thermal neutron image conversion screens and neutron-photon conversion efficiency were evaluated and calculated. Finally, based on parameters of thermal neutron radiography imaging system based on compact D-D neutron source at Lanzhou University, recommended thicknesses for LiF(ZnS) and LiF(GOS) conversion screens were applied to the spatial resolution test experiments.ResultsThe recommended thicknesses for LiF(GOS) and LiF(ZnS) image conversion screens are 40 μm and 80 μm, respectively, the spatial resolution of the thermal neutron radiography reach 45 and 63 μm, respectively, and the neutron-photon conversion efficiencies are 136.34 and 126.81, respectively.ConclusionsThis study lays the technical basis for the development of a thermal neutron radiography based on compact D-D neutron sources. It may be also applicable to other thermal neutron imaging systems.

In recent years, with the current strong support for the application of civil nuclear technology, Chinese radioisotope products industry has ushered in unprecedented opportunities and development. However, the rapid expansion of the industry also brings the problem of market size and the development of the industry technical standard system mismatch. In view of the lack of research on technical standard system construction of radioactive isotope products industry in China, this paper discusses the current situation and existing problems in standard system construction of radioactive drugs and radioactive sources industry respectively from the market scale and standard system status. At present, the existing standard system framework can basically meet the quality control of listed products, but in the field of radiopharmaceutical, there is a lack of analytical testing technology, nuclide and quality control key equipment verification standards. In the field of radioactive sources, there are problems with outdated standards, low participation in the formulation of international standards and small coverage of standards exist. Aiming at these problems, upgrading and improving the radioactive isotope products standard system systematically, complementing the existing standard system of blank area and weak area, completing the standard cohesion at various levels shall strengthen the standard stable cross, promoting widespread promotion and application of standards in the industry and enhancing the level of standard internationalization and so on were put forward, which hope to provide a reference for the construction of the technical standard system for radioisotope products.

Migraine⁃related vertigo (MRV) is a common neurological disorder, including vestibular migraine (VM) and benign paroxysmal vertigo (BPV), however its pathogenesis is unclear. In this study, we discuss that vestibular dysfunction may be caused by the repeated activation of the trigeminal neurovascular system involved in the mechanism of migraine attack, and possible mechanisms by which vestibular migraines differ in the sequential order of headache and vertigo. Finally, we review the progress of its treatment to provide new insight for clinical prevention and treatment.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in many biological processes and have been extensively researched. Nonetheless, literature focusing on the roles of lncRNA in melanocytes is limited. Melanocytes are located in the basal layer of the epidermis and determine the color of an animal's skin and hair by producing melanin. The mechanisms of melanogenesis remain unclear. Here, melanocytes from Boer goat skins were successfully isolated and verified using morphological observation, dopamine staining, silver ammonia staining, and immunohistochemical staining in vitro. Phenotypic testing revealed that melanocytes isolated from goat skins with white and brown hairs showed significant differences in proliferation, migration, and melanogenesis (**P < 0.01). RNA sequencing was performed with the isolated melanocytes, and through bioinformatic analysis, several candidate lncRNAs and mRNAs involved in stage-specific melanogenesis were identified. Functional enrichment analysis indicated that miRNA precursors and cis-regulatory effects of lncRNAs were deeply dissected using the function prediction software. Multiple lncRNA–mRNA networks were presumed to be involved in melanocyte migration, proliferation, and melanogenesis based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotation. This research provided novel bioinformatic insights into the roles of lncRNAs in mammalian pigmentation.

In recent years, percutaneous catheter interventions have continuously evolved, becoming an essential strategy for interventional diagnosis and treatment of many structural heart diseases and arrhythmias. Along with the increasing complexity of cardiac interventions comes ever more complex demands for intraoperative imaging. Intracardiac echocardiography (ICE) is well-suited for these requirements with real-time imaging, real-time monitoring for intraoperative complications, and a well-tolerated procedure. As a result, ICE is increasingly used many types of cardiac interventions. Given the lack of relevant guidelines at home and abroad and to promote and standardize the clinical applications of ICE, the members of this panel extensively evaluated relevant research findings, and they developed this consensus document after discussions and correlation with front-line clinical work experience, aiming to provide guidance for clinicians and to further improve interventional cardiovascular diagnosis and treatment procedures.

Three different cooling methods of furnace cooling, air cooling and water cooling were adopted, and ultrasonic outfield assisted technology was applied to study the effects of cooling speed and ultrasonic outfield on the solidification structure and properties of 7085 aluminum alloy. Metallographic microscope, scanning electron microscope and electronic universal mechanics testing machine were used to characterize the matrix structure, second phase, tensile strength and elongation of the samples, and the solidification mechanism was analyzed. The results show that under the above three cooling methods of furnace cooling,air cooling and water cooling, after ultrasonic field the microstructure refinement rate of α-Al in each group is 40.2%, 14.6%, and 21.6%, respectively. The fitting relationship between grain size and cooling speed is as follows: LW=154.4+25.33/v,LS=148.1+15.3/v, the second phase of the area fraction are relatively reduced by 32.1%, 16.9% and 18.5%, the average length and width of the second phase are also relatively less, the tensile strength of 7085 aluminum alloy, which is increased by 21.7%, 21.7% and 3.6%, respectively, after the introduction of ultrasonic outfield auxiliary technology, compared to the group without ultrasound. Elongation of 7085 aluminum alloy is further enhanced by 31.3%, 15.7% and 41.4% respectively. Under the synergistic effect of ultrasonic field and water cooling, the microstructure and mechanical properties of 7085 aluminum alloy are better.

Objective To analyze the secular trends of pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality in Changning district of Shanghai from 1974 to 2013. Methods We calculated the age-standardized rates of incidence and mortality and the average annual percent changes for pancreatic cancer using Segi's world standard population and the data from Shanghai Cancer Registry. Age-period-cohort model was constructed to further assess the effect of age, diagnosis period and birth cohort on the secular trends of pancreatic cancer incidence and mortality. Results During 1974-2013, the age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were 6.49/105 and 6.01/105 in male, 4.83/105 and 4.57/105 in female, respectively. The age-standardized incidence was increased by 0.8% per year in male during past 40 years, while there was no change in mortality. The age-standardized incidence and mortality rates were increased by 1.6% and 1.3% per year in female. After adjusting the effects of diagnosis period and birth cohort, the incidence and mortality rates of pancreatic cancer increased by about 11% every 5 years older in both male and female. Diagnosis period and birth cohort had no statistical impact on the incidence and mortality of pancreatic cancer. Conclusion The age-standardized incidence of pancreatic cancer shows significantly rising trends during 1974-2013 in both male and female in Changning district of Shanghai, as well as the age-standardized mortality in female. The incidence and mortality rates also increase with age.

BackgroundEntrustable professional activities (EPAs) were first introduced by Olle ten Cate in 2005. Since then, hundreds of applications in medical research have been reported worldwide. However, few studies discuss the use of EPAs for residency training in pediatric intensive care medicine. We conducted a pilot study of EPA for pediatric intensive care medicine to evaluate the use of EPAs in this subspecialty.Materials and MethodsA cross-sectional study was implemented in pediatric intensive care medicine standardized residency training at the Qilu Hospital of Shandong University. An electronic survey assessing EPA performance using eight scales composed of 15 categories were distributed among residents and directors.ResultsA total of 217 director-assessment and 44 residents’ self-assessment questionnaires were collected, both demonstrating a rising trend in scores across postgraduate years. There were significant differences in PGY1-vs.-PGY2 and PGY1-vs.-PGY3 director-assessment scores, while there were no differences in PGY2-vs.-PGY3 scores. PGY had a significant effect on the score of each EPA, while position significantly affected the scores of all EPAs except for EPA1 (Admit a patient) and EPA2 (Select and interpret auxiliary examinations). Gender only significantly affected the scores of EPA6 (Report a case), EPA12 (Perform health education), and EPA13 (Inform bad news).ConclusionThis study indicates that EPA assessments have a certain discriminating capability among different PGYs in Chinese standardized residency training in pediatric intensive care medicine. Postgraduate year, gender, and resident position affected EPA scores to a certain extent. Given the inconsistency between resident-assessed and director-assessed scores, an improved feedback program is needed in the future.

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and risk factors of injury among both primary and middle school students in Changning District， Shanghai， and to provide evidence for injury prevention.MethodsIn 2018， data of basic characteristics and injury-related factors were obtained through field questionnaire survey among the selected primary and middle schools （2 of each）.ResultsThe study finally included 1 821 students， with injury incidence rate of 30.1%. Among them， the injury incidence rate for the primary schools was 32.0%， and 28.8% for the middle schools. The top three injury types were falls， sharps injuries， and blunt injuries. Age， gender， myopia， and injury-related knowledge/behaviors were significantly related to injury incidence.ConclusionFalls should still be the priority of injury prevention for primary/middle school students in Changning District. The effect of reducing injuries can be achieved by improving health education about injury-related knowledge/behaviors.

Objective To evaluate the correlation between vestibular symptoms and headache in patients with migraine, and to explore the diagnostic value of vestibular symptoms in migraine. Methods Consecutive patients who visited our outpatient department of neurology due to a principal complaint of headache during January to December 2019 were recruited in this study. According to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-3), these patients with primary headache were divided into the episodic migraine group, chronic migraine group and tension-type headache group, and those with episodic migraine were assigned into low-, medium-and high-frequency groups. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect their information on the clinical symptoms. The vestibular symptoms were identified according to the standard of vestibular symptoms in vestibular migraine. Results There were 424 patients recruited, including 222 in the episodic migraine group, 174 in the chronic migraine group and 28 in the tension-type headache group. Vestibular symptoms accounted for 25.3% and 3.6% in the migraine group and tension-type headache group, respectively. The frequency of vestibular symptoms was higher in the chronic migraine group (31.0%) than the episodic migraine group (20.7%) (P=0.019). The medium-frequency group (with a headache frequency of 2~8 d per month) had the largest number of patients (125/222), with most typical migraine features and accompanying symptoms. In the time correlation between vestibular symptoms and headache, 68.8% of the patients in the low-frequency group had separate attacks of headache and vestibular symptoms. The simultaneous attack of headache and vestibular symptoms was higher in the high-frequency group and the chronic migraine group than the low-frequency group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Vestibular symptoms occur frequently in patients with chronic migraine, suggesting that vestibular symptoms may be associated with the chronicity of migraine.

In this work, a two-dimensional model of 0.9 wt% TiC nanoparticle-reinforced 2219 aluminum nanocomposites fabricated by a high-intensity ultrasonic casting technique was established. The TiC nanoparticle distribution in 2219 aluminum melts was investigated using the multiphase computational fluid dynamics ultrasonic cavitation model accounting for turbulent flow. And the variable interaction between nanoparticles and melts was analyzed by Ansys’s Fluent Dense Discrete phase Model According to the simulation results, the ultrasonic power had a significant effect on the distribution of TiC nanoparticles in aluminum melt. The appropriate ultrasonic power has a promoting effect on the dispersion of nanoparticles. Due to the impact of ultrasonic streaming, the number of nanoparticles in the center position was lower than that in the edge position of the molten pool. Moreover, casting experiments were carried out to verify the efficacy and accuracy of the simulation. The average grain size in the center position was smaller than that in the edge position. TEM and SEM were used to analyze the distribution of TiC nanoparticles. They were more evenly distributed in the center position of the ingot than those in the edge part. Besides more nanoparticles were agglomerated in the edge. The experimental results were mostly consistent with the simulation results.

Objective To systematically evaluate the effect of acupoint sticking application for rheumatoid arthritis, and to provide clinical evidence-based. Methods Literatures were available by searching the database including CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Embase and Cochrane library, and then two independent researchers respectively screened and determined the final inclusion literatures in the study. Using Assessing risk of bias in Cochrane Handbook evaluated the quality of literatures, and finally made a Meta analysis using Rev Man 5. 3 software. Results Acupoint sticking application combined with conventional western medicine was more efficient than conventional western medicine(OR=3. 32, 95%CI［1. 87, 5. 90］, Z=4. 10, P

Blastocystis sp. is an important gastrointestinal parasite with global distribution, prevalent in humans, farmed animals, and wildlife. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the prevalence and genetic diversity of Blastocystis sp. in Asiatic brush-tailed porcupines (Atherurus macrourus), bamboo rats (Rhizomys pruinosus), and masked palm civets (Paguma larvata) in Hainan Province, China. A total of 900 fecal samples were collected from three farmed animal species including 257 porcupines, 360 rats, and 283 civets. Genomic DNA was extracted from each fecal sample and Blastocystis sp. was detected by PCR at the small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene. A phylogenetic tree was constructed using the maximum likelihood method. Blastocystis sp. was detected in 47 (5.2%) fecal samples: 12 (4.7%) Asiatic brush-tailed porcupines, 8 (2.2%) bamboo rats, and 27 (9.5%) masked palm civets. Three known Blastocystis sp. subtypes, including ST1, ST4, ST5, and one unnamed subtype (unST), were found in one, 19, 26, and one animal, respectively. Subtypes ST4 and unST were detected in porcupines, ST4 in rats, and ST1 and ST5 in civets. Our results suggest that the three farmed animal species reported in this study could serve as reservoirs for potentially zoonotic Blastocystis sp. subtypes and transmit this parasite to humans, other farmed animals, and wildlife.

It had been proved obesity was one of the main causes of low fertility or infertility in males. In this paper, the fatty acid content of mice epididymal adipose and testis induced by high fat diet was detected by gas chromatography-hydrogen ion flame detector method. Then, the effects of obesity on fatty acid metabolism of mouse epididymal adipose and testis were analyzed by principal component analysis and T-test combined with KEGG pathway. In this way the mechanism of obesity on reproductive system was expounded from the level of fatty acid metabolism. The results were as follows. After feeding the 45% fat diet for 12 weeks, the body weight, BMI, serum TG and CHOL of high fat diet mice were significantly higher than the control group, which meant high fat diet successfully induced obesity and the obese mice developed metabolic abnormalities. Although the weight and the organ coefficient of epididymal adipose and testis in obese mice did not change significantly, principal component analysis showed that there were significant differences in the fatty acid patterns in epididymal adipose of the two groups. Further data mining revealed that the total fatty acids in the epididymal adipose of obese mice decreased significantly. Not only the saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids synthesized by mice their own decreased significantly, but also the n3n6 series polyunsaturated fatty acids caused by exogenous foods or tissue decomposition reduced obviously, while the n6/n3 ratio remained stable. That indicated the epididymal adipose in mice developed fat remodeling with the occurrence of obesity. The C10:0, C12:0 and C16:1n7 contents in testis in obese mice were significantly increased, which might effect the reproductive function of males.

The grout vomiting value is one of the key indicators for judging the quality of Jiangxi straight rice noodles. The main factors that affect the results of the grout vomiting value are as follows: cooking time,cooking temperature, stirring, methods of pipetting et al. However, most of the above factors were not limited in DB/T222—1998 the measurement standard of grout vomiting value of Jiangxi straight rice noodles except the cooking time. It is easy to have errors in the actual measurement. Therefore, effect of four factors including cooking time, cooking temperature, stirring, and methods of pipetting on the grout vomiting were studied in this research. Result indicated that obtained data from the graphite hot plate heating method was stable and had a small error. It would be better if the grout vomiting value were expressed in the average of the three measured after every three shakes. The data will be more accurate if the pipetting area is in the middle of the volumetric flask. The stirs number during the cooking process need declare. Overcooking would increase the grout vomiting value. Partial revision of DB/T222—1998 was recommended according to this research. This study will provide a more accurate method for the detection of the grout vomiting value of Jiangxi straight rice noodles and promote the standardization of Jiangxi straight rice noodles.

Objective To study the clinical outcomes of implanting platelet rich fibrinogen (PRF) mixed with Bio-Oss® in the extraction socket for alveolar ridge preservation and to provide evidence for clinical application. Methods Thirty-six patients who underwent alveolar ridge preservation were enrolled. Thirty-six extraction sites were divided into two groups: PRF mixed with Bio-Oss® group (test group) and Bio-Oss® alone (control group). Bone dimensional changes in height and width were measured by CBCT before and 6 months after surgery, and early soft tissue healing and postoperative pain sensation were evaluated clinically 1 week after surgery. Results There was no significant difference in the alveolar bone height (-1.48 ± 0.40) mm between the test group and the control group. The difference in the alveolar bone width between the test group (-1.09 ± 0.42) mm and the control group (-1.35 ± 0.22) mm was statistically significant (z=-2.63, P=0.01). The postoperative pain score of the test group was 2.39 ± 1.20, and that of the control group was 3.39 ± 1.65, the difference was statistically significant (t=-2.083, P=0.045). There was no significant difference in soft tissue healing between the test group and the control group. Conclusion The use of PRF mixed with Bio-Oss ®in the alveolar ridge preservation procedure can reduce alveolar bone absorption and postoperative pain.

Electroactive hydrogels have received increasing attention due to the possibility of being used in biomimetics, such as for soft robotics and artificial muscles. However, the applications are hindered by the poor mechanical properties and slow response time. To address these issues, in this study, supramolecular ionic polymer–carbon nanotube (SIPC) composite hydrogels were fabricated via in situ free radical polymerization. The polymer matrix consisted of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), styrene sulfonic sodium (SSNa), β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)-grafted acrylamide, and ferrocene (Fc)-grafted acrylamide, with the incorporation of SSNa serving as the ionic source. On applying an external voltage, the ions accumulate on one side of the matrix, leading to localized swelling and bending of the structure. Therefore, a controllable and reversible actuation can be achieved by changing the applied voltage. The tensile strength of the SIPC was improved by over 300%, from 12 to 49 kPa, due to the reinforcement effect of the CNTs and the supramolecular host–guest interactions between the β-CD and Fc moieties. The inclusion of CNTs not only improved the tensile properties but also enhanced the ion mobility, which lead to a faster electromechanical response. The presented electro-responsive composite hydrogel shows a high potential for the development of robotic devices and soft smart components for sensing and actuating applications.

Bio-based gallic acid epoxy resin(GAER)was prepared by gallic acid as main raw material. Nano-ZnO surface modification by KH-550 was used to prepare KH550-nano-ZnO. In addition, it was combined with the bio gallic acid epoxy resin(GAER), GAER/KH550-nano-ZnO composite coating was prepared by using succinic anhydride as curing agent. The changes of microstructure before and after modification of nano-ZnO were characterized. The curing process of succinic anhydride/GAER system was studied by differential scanning calorimeter. The effects of the KH550-nano-ZnO content on the mechanical properties, the thermal properties, dynamic mechanical properties and the antibacterial properties of the coating film were tested. The results show that the addition of proper amount of KH550-nano-ZnO can increase the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the system and improve the impact resistance of coating surface. The hardness and thermal stability of the coating are increased and the adhesion is decreased with the increased content of KH550-nano-ZnO. The initial thermal decomposition temperature (T5%) of the composite coating is higher 12.6-15.4℃ than that of pure GAER. When the content of KH550-nano-ZnO is 2%(mass fraction), the Tg is increased by 30.7℃ compared with pure GAER resin. The anti-bacterial rate of the KH550-nano-ZnO/GAER cured coating to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus reaches 99.99%.

Through the analysis of the transmission mechanism of the vehicle transmission system,the torsional vibration model of the 12-DOF multi-gap nonlinear powertrain system was established,and the transient shock response characteristics under various working conditions were studied. Taking the angular acceleration of the main reducer gear as the evaluation index of transient impact,the transient shock response characteristics of the transmission system with Declutch condition and Tip out condition were compared and analyzed. The results show that the dynamic decoupling between the engine and the transmission system will cause the transmission system to "oscillate". The corresponding relationship between the torsional characteristics of the torsional vibration damper and the transient impact of the transmission system under the tip out condition is studied by the control variable method. The results show that the stiffness of the first-stage of the clutch has more influence on the transient impact strength than stiffness of the second-stage,the transient impact of the transmission system is more obvious by adjusting the stiffness of the first-stage.

Radiopharmaceuticals means radionuclide preparations or labeled compounds for clinical diagnosis or therapeutic use. Radiochemical purity is one of the important judgment indexes to measure the quality of radiopharmaceuticals, which directly affects the clinical effect, it is very important to accurately determine and strictly control the radiochemical purity. In this paper, by querying and analyzing Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020, European Pharmacopoeia 10.2, US Pharmacopoeia 43-NF38, and the related literature, making a analysis and summary on the characteristics, separation principle and application of commonly used radiochemical purity determination methods, including thin-layer chromatography (TLC), paper chromatography (PC), electrophoresis (EP) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), which would help to establish a more scientific and reasonable standard of radiopharmaceuticals quality standards and to provide technical reference.