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A high-performance surfactant NHJ with temperature and salt resistance is prepared, and its interfacial tension performance, temperature and salt resistance performance, surface tension performance, adaptability to formation water and oil washing performance are evaluated through experiments. The evaluation results show that w(NHJ) 0.3% solution can reduce the interfacial tension of crude oil to the order of 10-2 mN/m, with a temperature resistance of 80 ²C and an anti-mineralization degree of 8x104 mg/L, anti-Ca2+up to 4 000 mg/L. The surface tension of w(NHJ) 0.3% solution is 21.24 mN/m, and it has good adaptability to formation water, with oil washing rate of 45%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we developed a novel method for the detection of Vibrio alginolyticus, utilizing the specific recognition of an aptamer for V. alginolyticus and signal amplification via hybridization chain reaction (HCR) and horseradish-peroxidase-conjugated streptavidin. The proposed HCR-based multivalent aptamer (multi-Apt) amplifier allows for sensitive detection of V. alginolyticus in a linear range from 10 to 107 CFU/mL. The linear equation is y = 747.5x + 126.2, R2 = 0.986, and the limit of detection (LOD) is 3 CFU/mL. Seawater and freshwater samples were utilized in the spike recovery experiment, yieldng a recovery rates ranging from 94.3% to 108.8%. The relative standard deviation (RSD) for all samples is below 6.73%. Taken together, the proposed method has great potential for application in monitoring of V. alginolyticus in aquaculture environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cryptosporidium is one of the most important parasites in poultry, and this pathogen can infect more than 30 avian species. The present study investigated the infection rate of Cryptosporidium among broiler chicken flocks. A total of 385 fecal samples from broiler chickens in 7 regions of Zhejiang Province collected from November 2010 to January 2012 were examined by microscopy. Thirty-eight (10%) samples were positive for Cryptosporidium infection, and 3 genotypes (Cryptosporidium baileyi, Cryptosporidium meleagridis, and avian genotype II) were identified by PCR and sequencing. A phylogenetic tree of the isolates was analyzed. These results suggest that cryptosporidiosis is widespread in poultry in Zhejiang Province, and is a potential threat to public health as well as the economy. This is the first report about the infection rate and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium in broiler chickens in Zhejiang.

Displaying antigens on yeast surface as an oral vaccine has been widely explored, while its potential as an immersion vaccine has not been evaluated. Here, an immersion vaccine was prepared by displaying ORF25 of Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV‐2) on the surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Carassius auratus gibelio was immersion immunized by 2 × 107 CFU/mL yeast for 2 h, and reinforce the immunity using the same method 14 days after the first immunization. The results showed that ORF25 specific antibody in immunized crucian carp serum was detected at a high level, and the mRNA expression level of IgM, IgT, IL‐1β, and IFN‐1 in vaccinated head‐kidney and spleen tissues were higher than the control group, indicating that innate and adaptive immunity were induced. Moreover, the immersion vaccination provided effective protection for fish against CyHV‐2, leading to a relative percent survival of 50.2%. Meanwhile, immersion vaccination restrained virus replication and histological damage in CyHV‐2 infected crucian carp. Our data suggested that immersion immunization of S. cerevisiae‐displayed ORF25 could be served as a candidate vaccine to prevent CyHV‐2 infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are many methods available for printer identification of questioned documents, however most of them need identical contents of the training and testing documents. There is no effective method yet when the contents of the training and testing documents are different. To overcome this obstacle a method based on synthetic texture analysis is proposed in this paper. The inner texture of printed characters is reconstructed in order to generate an artificial textural image similar to the real texture while independent of document content. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) methods are then used for feature extraction. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve a high recognition rate and provide a new platform for printer identification independent on the content of documents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To construct the recombinant vector Pact-EGFP, the Act-1 core promoter region was amplified from the pUCm-T/Act-1 and subcloned into pEGFP-4.1 vector (derived from pEGFP-N1 with the removal of human cytomegalovirus immediate early promoter), by restriction enzymes Bgl II and Hind III. Transfection of Pact-EGFP vector into Vero cell by liposome indicated that Act-1 core promoter regulated the expression of EGFP gene in lower level in Vero cells. After Pact-EGFP microinjection into the gonad of Caenorhabditis elegans with pRF4 as a gene marker, green fluorescence was detected in the cortex, vice cortex and the pharyngeal of C. elegans. According to the locations, two different transgene lines were separated. The expression level of EGFP expressed in C. elegans was more than that in Vero cell. Some unique motifs might exist in Act-1 core promoter region of C. elegans, which was closely related to the expression level of EGFP. These results lay the foundation for the further research on gene function of parasitic nematodes using C. elegans.