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Compared with traditional lithium-ion batteries, all-solid-state lithium-metal batteries (ASS LMBs) have attracted much attention due to their high safety and high energy density. However, the solid-solid contact of electrodes with solid electrolyte brings large interfacial impedance. Besides, the active lithium metal reacts with most solid electrolytes,leading to unstable interface. So interfacial problem has been one of the key issues to limit the development of ASS LMBs. Solid composite electrolytes with the advantages of inorganic solid electrolytes and organic solid electrolytes, have higher ionic conductivity and certain mechanical strength, showing excellent promising in the light of practical application. The research progress on interface amelioration of solid composite electrolyte and lithium anode was summalized in this review. The main strategy includes constructing a "soft contact" at the interface, adjusting the mechanical performance of the solid electrolyte and tuning the deposition dynamics of lithium ions. Furthermore, the perspectives on interfacial modification were presented.

Objective To analyze clinical and pathological characteristics of mitochondrial myopathy (MM) in 15 patients, and to study the value of simplified serum lactic acid exercise test in the screening of mitochondrial myopathy. Methods A total of 15 patients with mitochondrial myopathy diagnosed clinically and pathologically, 11 patients with other muscular diseases (OM), and 21 normal controls were collected. All subjects went up and down stairs for 5 min with medium effort. Blood samples for serum lactic acid detection were collected from all subjects before exercise, immediately after exercise and 10 min after exercise. Serum lactic acid levels were compared among 3 groups and among 3 time points. Results Patients with mitochondrial myopathy mainly presented as paroxysmally progressive muscular soreness and weakness. Histopathological examination showed there were 8 cases with the proportion of ragged red fibers (RRF) more than 5%. Serum lactic acid level before exercise, immediately after exercise and 10 min after exercise were (3.57 ± 1.88), (10.98 ± 4.84) and (7.87 ± 4.38) mmol/L in MM group, (1.89 ± 0.98), (6.05 ±4.07) and (4.13 ± 3.14) mmol/L in OM group, (1.91 ± 0.53), (3.37 ± 1.22) and (2.52 ± 0.89) mmol/L in control group. Serum lactic acid level in MM group was significantly higher than that in control and OM groups before exercise (P = 0.000, 0.001), immediately after exercise (P = 0.000, 0.001), and 10 min after exercise (P = 0.000, 0.003). Serum lactic acid level in OM group was significantly higher than that in control group immediately after exercise (P = 0.042). Serum lactic acid level in 3 groups immediately after exercise (P = 0.000, 0.000, 0.003) and 10 min after exercise (P = 0.000, 0.000, 0.013) was significantly higher than that before exercise. Serum lactic acid level immediately after exercise was significantly higher than that 10 min after exercise in 3 groups (P = 0.000, 0.000, 0.003). Serum lactic acid level had most obvious elevation in MM group, while had flattest elevation in control group. Conclusions Simplified serum lactic acid exercise test is useful in the screening of mitochondrial myopathy, especially in primary hospitals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The technology of glass matrix of the composite material manufactured through a sintering process and using waste foundry sand and waste glass as the main raw materials was studied. The effects of technological factors on the performance of this material were studied. The results showed that this composite material is formed with glass as matrix, core particulate as strengthening material, it has the performance of glass and ceramics, and could be used to substitute for stone.

Proper dendritic morphology is fundamental to nerve signal transmission; thus, revealing the mechanism by which dendrite arborization is regulated is of great significance. Our previous studies have found that the epigenetic molecule chromodomain Y-like (CDYL) negatively regulates dendritic branching. Current research mostly focuses on the processes downstream of CDYL, whereas the upstream regulatory process has not been investigated to date. In this study, we identified an upstream regulator of CDYL, the E3 ubiquitin ligase tripartite motif-containing protein 32 (TRIM32), which promotes dendrite arborization by mediating the ubiquitylation and degradation of CDYL. By using mass spectrometry and biochemistry strategies, we proved that TRIM32 interacted with CDYL and mediated CDYL ubiquitylation modification in vivo and in vitro. Overexpressing TRIM32 decreased the protein level of CDYL, leading to an increase in the dendritic complexity of primary cultured rat neurons. In contrast, knocking down TRIM32 increased the protein level of CDYL and decreased the dendritic complexity. The truncated form of TRIM32 without E3 ligase activity (ΔRING) lost its ability to regulate dendritic complexity. Most importantly, knockdown of CDYL abolished the reduced complexity of dendrites caused by TRIM32 knockdown, indicating that the TRIM32-mediated regulation of dendritic development depends on its regulation of downstream CDYL. Hence, our findings reveal that TRIM32 could promote dendrite arborization by mediating CDYL degradation. This work initially defines a novel biological role of TRIM32 in regulating mechanisms upstream of CDYL and further presents a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of CDYL-related neurodevelopmental disorders., (© 2021 Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.)

The biological characteristics,agronomic traits,yield traits,stress resistance,quality and photosynthetic characteristics among six lily varieties were compared in order to screen out the excellent lily varieties suitable for spread planting in Hunan province. Lilium longiflorum had the longest growth period,246 days,among these six lily varieties,while others were about 170 days. The leaves of L.longiflorum,self-selected variety,L. lancifolium and L. dauricum had higher chlorophyll content. No obvious difference was found in net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance,transpiration rate and intercellular CO2 concentration among all varieties. The self-selected variety had the highest theoretical and actual yield,2 543. 03,1 608. 65 kg per Mu(1 Mu≈666. 7 m2),respectively,but contents of polysaccharides and flavones in bulbs were lower. All of these six lily varieties can sowing,seedling emergence,growth,flowering,mature harvest in Hunan province. L. dauricum and L. lancifolium would be provided for edible lily. L. brownie and the self-selected variety are highly susceptible varieties. L. dauricum and L. lancifolium are suitable to plant widely in disease-prone regions,due to their strong resistance. L. brownie and L. lancifolium are preferred varieties for medicinal and food using for their good quality and higher contents of polysaccharides and flavones. L. davidii had lower theoretical and actual yield,so planting extension of it should be taken into account.

Objective: To screen specific SNPs loci of Mentha haplocalyx and Mentha spicata,and then specific primers were designed to identify the two species and their mixture rapidly., Methods: PsbA-trnH sequences of Mentha haplocalyx and Mentha spicata were obtained by PCR product sequencing and downloading from GenBank. SNPs in the psbA-trnH sequences of Mentha haplocalyx and Mentha spicata were found by ClustulW program and Bioedit software. Primers for authentication of the two species were designed according to the SNP loci, and PCR reaction system was optimized to identify the original plants., Results: Multi-PCR reaction system was constructed. The 181 bp identification band for Mentha haplocalyx or(and) 288 bp identification band for Mentha spicata could be produced by a single PCR reaction,which showed good identification ability to the two species., Conclusion: The multi-PCR reaction system can be applied to identify Mentha haplocalyx and Mentha spicata as well as their mixture.

Objective: To study the research method of cell survival rate at the procedure of cryopreservation of tissue engineered tendons., Methods: In the 4th generation of human fibroblasts, the dead cells were stained with propidium iodine (PI), while the living cells with Hoechst 33342 (Ho). The living cells and dead cells emitted fluorescence of red and blue respectively after they were stimulated by suitable ultra-violet, then flow cytometry was applied to distinguish them. The seeding cells were collected to make them to be the cell suspension of suitable concentration (6.0 x 10(5) cell/ml) before they were divided into two parts. We cryopreserved and defrosted one part three times to kill the cells and did not cryopreserve the other part, then we made cell suspension at different ratios of cryopreserved cell to non-cryopreserved cells. The fluorescence staining and flow cytometry were used to study the correlation between cell ratios of cryopreserved cell to non-cryopreserved cell and the cell survival rates. We compared the cell survival rates between immediate flow cytometry and that 2 hours after fluorescence staining., Results: The results of flow cytometry showed that correlation between the ratio of cryopreservation and the cell survival rate was significant (r = 0.970, P < 0.05), image analysis study also showed the correlation was significant (r = 0.982, P < 0.05). The cell survival rate decreased by use of flow cytometry two hours after fluorescence staining, but there was no significant difference when compared with that of immediate flow cytometry (P > 0.05). We could also observe the cells on the tissue engineered tendons by fluorescence image directly., Conclusion: Flow cytometry and fluorescence image after PI and Ho staining is a good way in study cell survival rate at the procedure of cryopreservation of tissue engineered tendons.