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The European Union is facing a complex geopolitical crisis, which represents a threat to its energy security. Having this in mind, EU must redouble its efforts to become energy independent, focusing on renewable energy. In the following paper, we intend to analyze the measures that the Union wants to take in order to combat the energy crisis. Therefore, it will be analyzed the situation of nuclear energy and natural gas in the EU, given that these were the two technologies with the greatest contribution to electricity generation. At the same time, in the paper we will examine the REPowerEU plan, which the Commission wants to develop, in order to support sources of electricity supply, improve energy efficiency and to make the switch to renewable energy faster. The purpose of these actions is to gradually eliminate gas imports from the Russian Federation and also the EU's dependence on fossil fuels and would function as an insurance against the shocks of prices. Also, at the end of the paper, we will expose small-scale energy solutions that can be applied in residential areas but also largescale solutions that can significantly contribute to reducing dependence on fossil fuels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change is a global challenge that requires a responsible attitude and taking concrete action not only at European, but at global level as well. A realistic approach to this phenomenon requires the cooperation of all international actors in order to identify the optimal course of action and the necessary instruments. The CEE-4 countries, as Member States of the European Union, are involved responsibly in this international effort, and must act swiftly, both to combat the causes of climate change and to mitigate the effects. In this article, we will analyze the energy policies assumed by the CEE-4 countries on their fight against climate change. Therefore, for the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Romania, the constituent elements of the integrated national energy and climate change plans will be analyzed. Also, we will examine the national objectives and contributions to the achievement of the EU targets in the field of combating climate change. Given the current goals set up by the Green Deal, this paper will address the policies in the field of transport, renewable energy, energy efficiency, as well as the directions to be followed in order to achieve future targets in all analyzed CEE-4 countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]