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143 results on '"Zaefarian, F."'

5. Dietary fat lowers ileal endogenous amino acid losses in broiler chickens.

Author

Whitehouse, T. H., Zaefarian, F., Abdollahi, M. R., and Ravindran, V.

Subjects
*AMINO acids, *DIETARY fats, *BROILER chickens, *ASPARTIC acid, *SOY oil, *FAT, *GLUTAMIC acid, *LEUCINE
Abstract

1. An experiment was conducted to determine the effect of the source of fat (soybean oil or tallow) on the ileal endogenous amino acid (EAA) losses in broilers. 2. Three nitrogen (N)-free diets; a control diet with no added fat and test diets with 60 g/kg of either soybean oil or tallow were formulated. Titanium dioxide (5 g/kg) was added to all diets as an indigestible marker. Each diet was assigned to six replicate cages (eight birds per cage) from d 18 to 21 post-hatch. On d 21, the digesta were collected from the lower half of the ileum. 3. The endogenous losses of nitrogen and amino acids (AA) were lower (p = 0.08; p = 0.001) in broilers fed diets with soybean oil or tallow, respectively, compared to those fed the diet with no fat. Source of fat had no influence (p > 0.05) on EAA losses. 4. The most abundant AA in the ileal endogenous protein was glutamic acid, followed by aspartic acid, threonine, leucine, serine, valine and proline. In general, the concentrations of AA in the endogenous protein were lower (p < 0.05) with added fat. The exceptions were methionine, cysteine, proline and serine, which were unaffected. The effect of fat source on the AA contents of endogenous protein were inconsistent and differed depending on the AA. 5. The inclusion of fats decreased EAA losses which implied they have beneficial effects beyond direct energy contribution. It can be proposed that the reduction of EAA flow may be an additional mechanism contributing to the extra-caloric effect of dietary fats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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10. List of Contributors

Author

Ahmad, N., primary, Arora, N.K., additional, Fujita, M., additional, Hasanuzzaman, M., additional, Hossain, M.S., additional, Hussain, M., additional, Mahmud, J.A., additional, Miransari, M., additional, Nahar, K., additional, Rahman, A., additional, Rahman, M., additional, Raza, G., additional, Rezvani, M., additional, Tewari, S., additional, Zaefarian, F., additional, and Zafar, Y., additional

Published
2016
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40. Hoary cress ( Cardaria draba (L.) Desv.) seed germination ecology, longevity and seedling emergence.

Author

Rezvani, M. and Zaefarian, F.

Subjects
*GERMINATION, *SOWING, *POTASSIUM nitrate, *PLANTING
Abstract

The effects of gibberellic acid ( GA3), potassium nitrate ( KNO3), prechilling, temperature, salt stress and osmotic potential on seed germination and sowing depth on seedling emergence and burial depth on seed viability of hoary cress ( C ardaria draba (L.) Desv.), were studied in a series of laboratory, glasshouse and outdoor experiments. The optimal temperature for hoary cress seed germination was 20° C, both in light/dark and darkness regimes. Seed germination of hoary cress at 400 ppm concentration of GA3 in a light/dark regime was maximal. Potassium nitrate concentrations increased the percentage of germination in comparison with the control treatment. Increasing the duration of dry prechilling to 30 and 45 days promoted the seed germination of hoary cress. Germination of hoary cress markedly decreased as salt and drought stress increased. Seed germination of hoary cress occurred at a range of pH from 3 to 11. Seedling emergence significantly decreased as planting depth increased. Total seed viability decreased with increasing burial depth. The maximum increase in mortality occurred in seeds that were buried at 5-cm depth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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49. Weed suppression ability of six soybean [Glycine max(L.) Merr.] varieties under natural weed development conditions

Author

Rezvani, M., Zaefarian, F., and Jovieni, M.

Abstract

The weed suppression ability of different soybean varieties was studied in a field experiment in 2010. The experiment was carried out in a randomized complete block design using a split-plot arrangement with 3 replicates. The main plots were either weedfree (hand weeding) or infested with the natural weed population (weedy). Six soybean varieties (Sari, Telar, Sahar, Hill, 032 and 033) were randomized within the main plots. The relative biomass total (RBT), relative crowding coefficient (RCCcw) and competitive balance index (Cb) were recorded and were regressed against crop traits under weedy conditions. The results showed a reduction in the maximum height of the soybean varieties under weedy conditions. No significant relationship was found between weed biomass and the canopy height of the varieties. Competition indices and the weed suppressive ability of soybean showed intergenotypic variation in competitive ability between the varieties tested. Weed pressure reduced the yield and yield components of all the soybean varieties. Under weedy conditions the soybean variety Hill gave a higher economic yield than the others, with high weed biomass suppression ability.

Published
2013
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50. Influence of barley inclusion method and protease supplementation on growth performance, nutrient utilisation, and gastrointestinal tract development in broiler starters

Author

Tari, L.M., Perera, W.N.U., Zaefarian, F., Abdollahi, M.R., Cowieson, A.J., and Ravindran, V.

Abstract

The influence of the method of barley inclusion (fine, coarse and whole barley) in a wheat-based diet and protease supplementation (0 and 0.20 g/kg) on growth performance, nutrient utilisation and gastrointestinal tract development of broilers (d 1to 21) was evaluated in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement. Whole barley (WB) grains were ground in a hammer mill to pass through the screen sizes of 2.5 and 8.0 mm to achieve fine (FB) and coarse (CB) barley particle sizes, respectively. A total of 288, one-day-old male broilers were allotted to 36 cages (6 cages/treatment; 8 birds/cage). There was no significant (P> 0.05) interaction between barley inclusion method and protease for any growth performance or nutrient utilisation parameters. Birds fed diets containing CB and WB showed higher (P< 0.05) weight gain, and digestibility of dry matter, nitrogen, calcium, gross energy, and ileal digestible energy compared to those fed FB diets. Compared to the birds fed FB diets, feed per gain was lower (P< 0.05) in birds fed diets made of WB. Fat digestibility of the birds fed CB was higher (P< 0.05) than those fed FB and WB birds. Compared to FB and CB diets, inclusion of WB resulted in heavier (P< 0.05) gizzards but reduced (P< 0.05) gizzard pH. Supplemental protease, however, had no effects (P> 0.05) on growth performance and nutrient utilisation, most likely due to the well balanced digestible amino acids and high inherent digestibility of protein in the basal diet, and/or the presence of exogenous carbohydrase and phytase. In conclusion, the present results showed that the inclusion of coarsely ground and whole barley in a wheat-based diet can enhance nutrient and energy utilisation and is beneficial to the growth performance of young broilers.

Published
2021
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