Search

The introduction of digital platforms influences all areas of social development, including the education sector. The Russian government, in a bid to take advantage of this, has encouraged the development of a solid educational system that can support digitalization's effect on the economy. The paper aims to analyze the development of Russian digital platforms in general and educational platforms, as a decisive factor in economic competitiveness on the world market. The study was a descriptive research and Russia was the main population for the study. The research made use of secondary data from national and international sources. An analysis of modern practices in the field of digital educational platforms shows that educational organizations cannot independently use digital technologies at the new level of requirements. For this purpose, a functioning digital ecosystem is needed that would be able to provide a variety of new technologies in education.

This article is aimed at identifying the influence of IT clubs on the development of students' creative abilities. As a research method, a questionnaire survey was used to identify the role of modern IT forms of artistic activity in the development of students' creative abilities. The study was conducted on the basis of Russian universities among 265 students. The article describes the development of modern IT forms of artistic activity in the digital age. It is revealed that the main motivations for students to visit IT clubs were: learning new things, continuing their self-improvement, transforming the fantastic and creative into real, in-depth study of previously acquired knowledge and their improvement, obtaining skills that will be useful in the future, gaining experience in creative activities, attending classes together with friends, new communication, useful pastime. The study determines that the goals of teachers coincide with the mission of creative IT clubs: to train creative engineers who could invent and implement new technologies that would have no analogues in the world, to teach and prepare a child for his/her future occupation.

The relevance of the problem stated in the article is that in conditions of nonstationary economy the modification of existing approaches and methods is necessary during the formation of the capital. These methods allow taking into account the heterogeneity of factors' change in time and the purpose of the development of a particular company, thereby ensuring higher market value of the business. The purpose of this article is to develop a methodology for determining the risk associated with the formation of the capital structure in conditions of nonstationary economy. During the study, the authors used the methods of economic-statistical and factor analysis, economic and mathematical modeling, allowing to consider the problem as a purposeful and organized process and form the capital structure with the objectives of business development, the dynamics of changes in each component of the cost of capital, minimize total financial costs and risks to attract sources for the foreseeable future and to maximize the market value of the company. The methodology includes five stages: creation of a dynamic database of key macro and microeconomic indicators; the formation of the matrix of the risk reasons associated with the price of capital, the calculation and comparative analysis of factors affecting the cost of capital in a period of time; establishing a weighted average cost of capital and its components for the planning period and determining the degree of influence of each component on the price change of capital and total risk level. The proposed methodology of the evaluation of the capital structure can be used in conditions of nonstationary economy for companies engaged in activities at the expense of their own and borrowed funds, considering the cost of capital by the current time.

The relevance of the research topic is driven by the increasing role of cross-border cooperation for economic development of regions of the neighbouring countries located in the immediate vicinity to the border, as well as for the tourism development. The purpose of scientific research, the results of which are presented in the article, was the justification of the prospects for cross-border cooperation between Russia and Poland in the field of tourism based on the analysis of the dynamics of the border movements and exchanges between inhabitants of the Kaliningrad region and Poland, the assessment of their structure by the purpose of visit and by the distance from the border to the target center visit. To obtain the author's conclusions, methods of expert estimations and statistical analysis, economic-statistical and factor analysis, economic and mathematical modeling were used. As a result of the research dynamics and nature of cross-border movements in the aforementioned regions were revealed, the author's assessment of the positive and negative effects of such movements and exchanges as a form of cross-border cooperation in the economic development of these regions, including tourism, was given.

The importance and relevance of the study of the globalization effects on the introduction of innovative technologies in the hotel industry is difficult to overestimate, as only those hotels that are able to change with demographic, technological and economic changes, and to adapt to occurring changes, will be able to succeed. The aim of this work is to study and assess the impact of globalization on the introduction of innovative technology companies in the hospitality industry. For the analysis of contemporary processes in the hospitality industry, the authors of this article used theoretical and empirical methods of research economic-statistical and factor analysis, expert assessment. In the article, a list of the external aspects of globalization in the hospitality industry, the peculiarities of network forms of business organization in the hospitality industry, and its benefits for innovation in the context of globalization is given. The main trends of innovation in the hospitality industry are identified, the estimation of the impact of globalization on the innovative technologies implemented by the hospitality industry is done. The authors proved that the processes of globalization impact on the innovation management long-term growth potential of the hotel business, including a basic set of tangible and intangible business assets of strategic importance for sustainable development of enterprises in the hospitality industry.

The relevance of the research stems from the importance of modernization of the system of training for sport and tourism, without which the intensive development of this kind of professional activity is not possible. The aim of the study was the generalization of the experience of introduction of the innovative educational technologies in the personnel training process for sport and tourism, as well as the development of recommendations for consideration of the requirements of professional standards in this process. To obtain the author's conclusions scientific and theoretical research methods, expert assessments, factor analysis, and foresight technology were applied. The studies identified the requirements for the formation of competences of the future graduates in the areas of training related to sports and tourism, the necessity of the introduction of modular approach to the learning process, and individual student typological route. Also the role of professional community in promoting the introduction of innovative educational technologies in the training process for sport and tourism was defined. The article has scientific and practical value for scientists involved in the research of questions of development of cross-border tourist territories, for administrations of frontier territories of Russia and Europe, and for representatives of the business, including the field of sport and tourism.

The importance and relevance of research of questions is determined by the intensive development of the tourism and hospitality industry, the consequence of which is the increase of business needs for skilled personnel. The purpose of this paper is to examine and assess the main strategic trends in educational technologies and methods used for education of qualified personnel for the hospitality industry. For analysis of the modern educational processes in the hospitality industry the authors of the article have used theoretical and empirical research methods, economic-statistical and factor analysis, expert evaluations. In the article the conclusions about the quality of Russian education are made, the main trends in change of system of personnel education by the Russian higher education institutions are proved, including those in which personnel education for the hospitality industry is conducted. The main strategic directions of Russian education development are determined, the European experience of education for the hospitality industry is summarized, the main tendencies of the development of education system for the hospitality industry in Europe are formulated. Moreover, the application of professional standards in the Russian system of education for the hospitality industry is proved, and a draft of "road map" of the development of higher education system (on the example of personnel education for the hospitality industry) until 2025 is developed.

The article deals with the methodology of teaching students majoring in economic specialties to collaborate as one of the four key skills of the 21st century (4C) while teaching “English for Specific Purposes”. The urge to develop the ability to work effectively in a team arises from the lack of correlation between the needs of the labour market and proficiency level of graduates. Educators and business communities emphasise the importance of mastering collaborative strategies during university studies since this raises graduates’ competitiveness; though teachers use collaboration techniques when teaching a foreign language. Collaborative learning is often used only as a means of teaching other content, not as a method of improving collaboration skills. The article analyses the Ukrainian university graduates’ proficiency level, identifies the basic prerequisites for teaching collaboration and considers the methods of developing collaboration skills in teaching a foreign language. The development of these skills is determined by the collaboration of teachers while planning curricula and in the teaching process. The results of the research conducted at Tavria State Agrotechnological University are presented. The recommendations on how to create the conditions for productive collaboration of students when solving problems are given; the basic requirements for these tasks are specified. Some examples of group work that contribute to enhancing collaborative skills to achieve a common goal are given; the role of the teacher as a facilitator and an observer who promotes students’ effective collaboration is determined. According to the results of the study, a significant increase in students’ knowledge and skills and their psychological readiness to collaborate in their future professional activity, which seems to be more important, was noted. It is proved that teaching collaboration is a desirable result and an achievable goal of learning a foreign language at university.

The origins of morality, the role of emotions in moral behaviour and other related issues nowadays agitate philosophers as well as natural and cognitive scientists. They investigate the seemingly ‘moral’ and ‘reasonable’ behaviour of social animals, which raises the question of the nature of morality in a new perspective, and thus motivates an appeal to Kant’s moral philosophy. It is noteworthy that Kant did not connect morality exclusively with human nature. Linking moral principles with pure reason, he considered morality as an a priori condition of the moral behaviour of every rational being. In this article, I attempt to compare Kant’s moral rationalism to the ethical doctrine of enactivism. I would suggest that, despite obvious differences, these concepts are quite compatible as indicated by the empirical data of modern life sciences. The result of the combination of these conceptions can be a hybrid position based on the recognition of the necessary character of morality, due to the reasonable structure of the world. In the first section, I consider the Kantian rational interpretation of morality. The second section provides an outline of the enactivist approach. The third part focuses on the contribution that modern natural science can make to the analysis of moral behaviour. In conclusion, I recap major findings and reiterate my position.

Purpose: The study of the problems hindering improvement of the system of training through standardization of qualification requirements is relevant because, in a globalized system of teaching staff and high rates of migration, not only national but also international requirements for employees should be considered. This increases the competitiveness of university and college graduates in different countries. The purpose of this paper is to develop recommendations for the creation of a system of lifelong learning through the application of professional standards. Design/methodology/approach: The leading method in the study of this problem is the comparative analysis of the experiences of different countries to improve the training system based on the use of qualification frameworks. Findings: The paper offers science-based measures of integration and the international experience of lifelong learning, through the application of standards of World Skills International, as well as the requirements of professional standards. Originality/value: The authors formulate the conceptual directions for the application of professional standards in not only the continuous training and qualification of personnel, which allows identifying "gaps" in the competences, but also building individual educational trajectory. Article submissions are of practical value to the organization, personnel training as well as scientists engaged in the study of international best practice using standardization requirements for the qualification of personnel in education.

The structure of the title salt, NH(4) (+)·C(7)H(5)O(3) (-), is stabilized by substantial hydrogen bonding between ammonium cations and salicylate anions that links the components into a two-dimensional array.

The relevance of this research is related to the increasing role of tourism in the world in general and in border areas in particular. This article sets out to identify the problems and prospects of the development of cross-border cooperation in tourism between Russia and European countries. The authors focus on the scientific and theoretical aspects of cross-border cooperation and examine the role of tourism, and recreational potential and its effective use. The authors employ the methods of expert judgement and statistical analysis, refer to the surveys of Russian and European consumers showing their preferences, as well as to the authors’ own materials. The analysis makes it possible to have a deeper insight into the issue of cross-border cooperation in tourism between Russia and European countries and to assess the prospects of it. The authors provide an assessment of changes in the socio-economic relations between Russia and European countries and identify key problems in the development of cross-border cooperation in tourism. These problems relate to both macroeconomic and regional/industrial factors. The article is of interest for researchers studying cross-border tourism, the regional and local administrations of border areas of Russia and European countries, and representatives of the tourism business.

The relevance of this research is related to the increasing role of tourism in the world in general and in border areas in particular. This article sets out to identify the problems and prospects of the development of cross-border cooperation in tourism between Russia and European countries. The authors focus on the scientific and theoretical aspects of cross-border cooperation and examine the role of tourism, and recreational potential and its effective use. The authors employ the methods of expert judgement and statistical analysis, refer to the surveys of Russian and European consumers showing their preferences, as well as to the authors’ own materials. The analysis makes it possible to have a deeper insight into the issue of cross-border cooperation in tourism between Russia and European countries and to assess the prospects of it. The authors provide an assessment of changes in the socio-economic relations between Russia and European countries and identify key problems in the development of cross-border cooperation in tourism. These problems relate to both macroeconomic and regional/industrial factors. The article is of interest for researchers studying cross-border tourism, the regional and local administrations of border areas of Russia and European countries, and representatives of the tourism business.

Efficient, readily-available, low-cost, high-energy neutron detectors can play a central role in detecting illicit nuclear weapons since neutrons are a strong indication for the presence of fissile material such as Plutonium and Highly-Enriched Uranium. The main challenge in detecting fast neutrons consists in the discrimination of the signal from the gamma radiation background. At present, the only well-investigated organic crystal scintillator for fast neutron detection, in a n/[gamma] mixed field, is stilbene, which while offering good pulse shape discrimination, is not widely used because of its limited availability and high cost. In this work we report the results of our studies made with a number of new organic crystals, which exhibit pulse shape discrimination for detection of fast neutrons. In particular 1,1,4,4-tetraphenyl-l,3-butadiene features a light yield higher than anthracene and a Figure of Merit (FOM) for the pulse shape discrimination better than stilbene. New crystals are good candidates for the low-cost solution growth method, thus representing promising organic scintillators for widespread deployment for high-energy neutron detection. Index Terms--Neutron detectors, scintillation detectors.

This research, Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics (STEM) and remote training on information given and university students in STEM, and distance education classes integration on the emphasis and work, STEM and remote training on course to integration on the information given is intended. On the other hand, STEM education and distance education with related research support in order to ready distance education presence, levels were investigated. The study was applied during the 2020-2021 fall semester. The quantitative research method was used in the research. This research study comprises groups that have been created by 520 4th grade reading Science Information Teacher candidates of universities. University Students 'STEM and Distance Education Ready presence, Survey' was applied. Data and survey were collected online. The collected data were analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software. Research on the results based on students' training and daily lives for technology support needs that heard, their needs education and their lives ease it provides to the results, further STEM and related studies in the literature even more writing space font contribution will provide, also STEM Education 'ready presence, status, remote training ready presence, status on by more high that the result was reached. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radiation detection requires instruments which can detect nuclear radiation, having at the same time the ability to discriminate among different types of nuclear particles. Formany decades, neutron detection has been based on ³He proportional counters sensitive primarily to thermal neutrons. The most common methods for the detection of fast neutrons have been based on liquid scintillators with pulse shape discrimination (PSD). A decade of studies conducted at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) led to the development of new materials, among which are the first PSD plastics for fast neutron detection manufactured based on high concentrations of 2,5-diphenyloxazole (PPO) dissolved in aromatic polymers. More advantages were introduced by plastics doped with 10B and 6Li that enable combined detection of both thermal and fast neutrons, offering, in addition, a unique "triple" PSD for discrimination between fast neutrons, thermal neutrons, and gamma rays. Studies conducted with these and more recently introduced materials prepared with multiple dyes alternative to PPO produced a deeper understanding of energy transfer and excited state interaction phenomena. Research led to the commercial production of PSD plastics which, due to the deployment advantages and ease of fabrication, create a basis for the replacement of liquid scintillators and widespread use of solid-state scintillators as large-volume and low-cost neutron detectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of the research is due to a wide range of changes in the University educational reality caused by the influence of the Internet, computers, smartphones, mobile devices and modern gadgets on the behavioural forms of student identification. These processes are becoming a matter of particular concern to the public and University teachers. In this regard, this study reveals the features of the value priorities of the University digital educational reality, which modify the behavioural forms of student identification. In the course of pedagogical modelling, which is the leading research method, the phenomenon of new behavioural forms of student identification is identified as the leading idea of the University digital educational reality. This article reveals the key values of student identity identification in the University digital educational reality. The structure and content of new behavioural forms of student identification are established. Based on the research materials, the correction module of new behavioural forms of student identification in the University digital educational reality is justified. The module effectiveness is proved by the results of using new behavioural forms of student identification in the University educational process. The materials of the article are recommended to teachers, methodologists, organizers of the educational process and University students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A modern education system where students and faculty members are not obliged to come to the campus, where live, video, audio and interactive courses are taught in a fully virtual environment with face-to-face university education is called distance education. Based on the technological developments, the importance of distance education has also been revealed. The aim of this study is to determine the opinions of experts on the development of the 'distance education' course brought to the teacher training programmes. The participants of the study were selected from the purposeful sampling types with maximum diversity, criteria and easily accessible sampling methods. The data obtained as a result of interviews with experts from Northern Cyprus and Russian Universities were subjected to content analysis with a qualitative approach. In this study, which was designed as a case study, 20 academicians from 3 different departments working in the education faculty were included. In the study, a semi-structured interview form developed by the researchers was used as the data collection tool. Interviews were recorded with their consent. The data obtained as a result of interviews with experts were subjected to content analysis with a qualitative approach. As a result of the research, the experts reported teacher competencies, course application and system-oriented views for the development of the distance learning course. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research was conducted in 2018 to determine the opinions of prospective teachers about the usability of Web 2.0 tools in education. Quantitative research method was used in the research. The research was conducted in the spring term of 2018-2019. The study group consisted of prospective teachers studying at the faculties of education of the foundation university. 114 prospective teachers participated in the study. The data collection tool called Son the Problems of the Last Year Students of the Faculty of Education and Their Problems in Teaching Practice gelistiril developed by Aylin Demirhan and Meryem Yakut was applied to the teacher candidates. The data were collected by the researchers. The collected data were analysed using the SPSS program. To analyse the data obtained from the data collection tool, frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values, T-test and analysis of variance applied. According to the results of the study, prospective teachers' opinions about the use of Web 2.0 tools are highly positive. It is thought that the students' ability to create content with active participation, support social interaction, and creativity in educational environments, and it is seen in the results of the research that the prospective teachers reported positive opinions. Web 2.0 tools are thought to have a positive effect on learning due to their rich content and may be useful in increasing the prospective teachers' communicative abilities with their common workspaces. Therefore, it is predicted that teachers' use of Web 2.0 tools in their courses will contribute to the development of prospective teachers. In addition, it is thought that the training to be provided by educators who have an important role in guiding prospective teachers and guiding them for a better education will enable prospective teachers to use Web 2.0 tools more frequently and efficiently. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of the environmental technologies introduction in all spheres of the modern economy, including the service sector, are of particular relevance due to the increase of environmental problems worldwide. The purpose of this research is the identification and synthesis of scientific and theoretical data on the existing studies and implementation of environmental technologies in the service sector, as well as the development of measures for their minimization or elimination on the example of establishments providing hospitality and tourist services. For the issue analysis we have used empirical theoretical methods, methods for qualitative and quantitative analysis, methods of data aggregation, factor and structuralfunctional analysis, classification and structuring of informational, reference and statistical data, mapping method. As a result of the study we summarized scientific and theoretical basis to determine the nature of «environmental technology» concept. As a result, we clarified the details of this concept. The authors summarized the advanced international and Russian practice of environmental technologies implementation in the field of tourism and hospitality services sphere. They justified the directions of environmental technologies implementation activities in the service sector. We suggested measures to reduce heat energy losses, to save energy consumption, improve the efficiency of the heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems. The article will be useful for both service businesses that are interested in the environmental technologies introduction, as well as regional government bodies specialized in environmental and conservation initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the past 15 years, there has been an increase in demand for seafood grown in accordance with certified organic standards, especially in European countries. The relevance of the research topic is determined by the need to substantiate the prospects for the development of organic food, in particular organic aquaculture. The purpose of this article is to summarize the trends in aquaculture production, organic farming, and to identify and describe the main trends in organic aquaculture production in Russia. To assess the prospects for the development of world production of fisheries and aquaculture products, methods of analysis of regulatory legal documents, methods of consolidation and synthesis of information, statistical analysis were used. The information basis for studying the production of organic aquaculture in the Russian Federation was made by expert assessments, data from the National Organic Union of official departments and periodicals. The article clarifies the factors affecting the development of aquaculture production. The main problems negatively affecting the demand for organic aquaculture in Russia are highlighted. Future perspectives and challenges for the further development of organic aquaculture are discussed in a broad context. Materials of the article will be useful for producers and potential investors, as well as other participants in the Russian market of organic products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of modern methods of assessing the factors and effects of pollution of artificial and natural water bodies, changes in their ecological status in recent years is becoming increasingly important due to the growth of environmental threats. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of genotoxicity of the coastal waters of Lake Senezh due to the gross impact of pollutants (the possible appearance of deletions, or fragmentation of chromosomes). To achieve the objectives of this study, the authors of the article used a model object - salivary glands of the larvae of Chironomus (Chironomus plumosus), which are widely used in laboratory studies and contain giant chromosomes in the nuclei of cells. The focus was on the research of short-term and cost-effective of test system "in vitro", mainly bacterial. The authors of the article conducted a study of the genotoxicity of coastal water from Lake Senezh, and the coastal zone of which revealed the presence of a genotoxicant. According to the results of the study, the authors of the article concluded that, based on the revealed rearrangements of polytene chromosomes, it can be sun up that genotoxicity is present in the coastal part of the lake, which may further increase due to accumulation of pollutants. The necessity of an integrated approach in assessing the existing and potential genetic risk of genotoxicity in artificial and natural water bodies is substantiated. The materials of the article will be useful for governments at the regional and federal levels governing environmental activities in the territories of artificial and natural water bodies. The described methods for assessing the factors and consequences of the presence of genotoxicity of coastal waters can be used when conducting similar studies in other regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of the study is determined by the need to improve the methods used to assess the presence of mutagens in the coastal parts of natural and artificial reservoirs located in the immediate vicinity of the highway. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of mutagens in the coastal part of Lake Senezh near the highway. The work carried out relates to the field of genetic ecology of water bodies, therefore, to study the toxicity of water, models that covered two levels of the effects of genotoxicants on hydrobionts were used: genomic and gene. Gene level of exposure was determined by Ames test. According to the results of the study, it is shown that both at the chromosomal and genetic level, after the exposure of test objects in the samples of water from the city Bay, mutations are revealed that genotoxicants enter the water from the highway running along the very shore of the lake and having no stormwater runoff collections. And studies to increase the size of somatid-like particles in the blood of fish also indicate that among these toxicants in the coastal areas of the lake there are carcinogens. The study of water from the central region of the lake showed that no effect of genotoxicants was observed at all genetic levels. The materials of the article will be useful for regional and federal authorities dealing with the presence of mutagens in artificial and natural reservoirs. The described assessment techniques in the coastal part of the analyzed lake can be used when conducting similar studies in other regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of the study of the influence of anthropogenic factors on the ecological state of artificial and natural water bodies is determined by the increasing level of pollution of lakes, reservoirs and ponds. The greatest negative load is noted in the territories adjacent to large megacities, including Moscow. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of anthropogenic factors on the ecological status of the spawning grounds of Lake Senezh. The paper presents the results of a differentiated analysis of the hydrocarbon content in a rainfall runoff from Timonovsky Highway, washed away from the carriageway and dam to Lake Senezh. According to the results of the study, an assessment was made of the environmental consequences of mistakes in the design of roads surrounding Lake Senezh, the ratio of dissolved and undissolved parts of petroleum products sediment and crumb rubber, each of which harms developing fish eggs on spawning grounds and directly to higher aquatic plants, as a substrate for spawning grounds, assessment of the presence and state of plankton organisms in this lake has been carried out. Recommendations, the implementation of which is necessary to preserve natural spawning grounds, improve the conditions for the reproduction of fish and increase their reserves in Lake Senezh, were developed. The materials of the article will be useful for regional and federal authorities involved in the conservation of biological systems of artificial and natural water bodies. The described methods for assessing the impact of anthropogenic factors on the ecological status of the spawning grounds of the analyzed lake can be used when conducting similar studies in other regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of developing regional environmental programs for waste management, as well as assessing the socio-economic impact of these programs is explained by the importance of solving environmental problems in the modern world. The purpose of the preparation of this article is to justify the importance of developing a scientifically based toolkit that allows assessing the impact of the implementation of environmental programs in the regions, their impact on the quality of life of the local population. The main research methods were descriptive statistics and methods of multivariate statistical analysis, content analysis, factor analysis, data systematization, expert assessments and their coordination, as well as other scientific approaches. The study was presented on the example of the processing of tires and rubber products, as one of the most pressing problems of the number set by the global automotive industry to humanity. The article briefly summarizes the global practice of waste disposal, describes promising technologies for processing tires and other rubber-containing wastes used in the Russian Federation, and substantiates the role of the state in stimulating industrial waste recycling activities. In addition, the article discusses the debatable aspects of assessing the socio-economic effectiveness of investment projects for the disposal of waste and garbage in the Russian Federation, and substantiates the need to take into account the socio-economic consequences of the implementation of regional environmental recycling programs. The materials of the article can be used by public authorities in assessing the socio-economic consequences of the implementation of regional environmental programs for waste management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of the study of the prospects for preserving the biosystems of the regions through the development of ecological tourism in the Republic of Tajikistan is explained by the importance of preserving the main resource of ecological tourism - the natural environment or its individual components, harmonization of the ecological and economic objectives of tourism development. The purpose of this study is to determine the prospects for the preservation of regional biosystems through the development of ecological tourism in the Republic of Tajikistan. As the results of the study showed, the development of ecological tourism in Tajikistan is promoted by the formation of regional ecological zones covering a large area that have unique natural and recreational resources of interest to foreign tourists. But, despite the availability of opportunities and development prerequisites, ecological tourism in the Republic of Tajikistan is in its infancy. According to expert estimates, the main base for the formation and development of ecological tourism in the republic is the Tajik National Park, which is formed to protect the landscape, rare and endangered species of flora and fauna, nature, culture and history, as well as the development and rationalization of tourism. The study emphasized that along with the positive aspects of the preservation of the region's biosystem in the Tajik National Park, there are a number of problems that hinder the development of eco-tourism. As a result of the analysis of existing scientific research conducted by the polls, the article suggests ways to solve these problems. The article will be useful for regional and federal authorities, educational institutions that prepare students in the direction of "tourism", as well as for all those interested in the conservation of biosystems and the development of ecological tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance and relevance of the tourism development research in the territory of the UNESCO World Heritage Site "Curonian Spit" is explained by the presence of great potential in the field of ecological, scientific, health, and other types of tourism in this area. On the other hand, tourism development in the national park is connected to a number of restrictions and possible negative consequences for the unique landscape and the Curonian spit preservation. Therefore, it is important to study the positive experience of other regions in the construction of tourist facilities, in particular, the city of Sochi, in order to use it to overcome existing problems in the ecological tourism development in the territory of the Curonian Spit. To conduct this study, the authors used the methods of ordering and generalization, comparative analysis, expert evaluations, allowing to address this issue comprehensively, taking into account the many factors that influence the development of eco-tourism on the territory of the Curonian Spit in the framework of crossborder cooperation projects. The novelty of the research results lies in the fact that the most promising types of tourism were identified on the territory of the Curonian Spit, both within the borders of the Russian Federation and within the borders of the Republic of Lithuania. The main problems in the development of tourism in the territory of the Curonian Spit are determined and their expert assessment is given. The article described the importance and prospects for the implementation of projects of cross-border cooperation in the development of ecological tourism in the territory of the Curonian Spit. The materials of the article are of scientific and theoretical value for scientific research in the field of tourism development in the territory of the Curonian Spit within the framework of cross-border cooperation projects in the Russian Federation and the Republic of Lithuania, and have practical significance for regional and municipal tourism management bodies, higher educational institutions that provide training for students in the direction of "Tourism", as well as for all those interested in the development of ecological tourism in general, including on the territory of the Curonian Spit. The study was performed with financial support of Russian Foundation for basic research under the scientific project No. 16-06-00181. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents the results of the research on environmental the problems associated with the accumulation of polymer waste, the UN's decision in these destinations, as well as measures of state regulation of the production and disposal of plastic products. European countries, in particular, England, France, Germany and Denmark, took the path of phasing out plastic, introducing limits and additional duties on the use of plastic packaging. Such solutions in these countries stimulate a smooth transition to more environmentally friendly materials. However, not all implemented measures are effective. Based on usage of the desk's research methods, expert assessments and opinion, analysis of official statistical data and materials of analytical reviews, the authors of the article has given the current state of state regulation measures reducing environmental contamination. They grounded the role of the World Environment Day initiated in UN in 1972, in solving the problems of recycling plastic waste consumption and production. The authors described the measures of state regulation of the production and utilization of plastic products, identified controversial aspects of existing measures to fight against plastics. The Russian experience of state regulation of activities for the disposal of polymer wastes of consumption and production is summarized, as well as the global practice of applying the most promising solutions for the production and disposal of plastic products. The materials of the article can be used both for further research in the field of state regulation of production and recycling of plastic products, as well as for training specialists in the production of plastic products, ecologists', as well as for recycling polymer waste from consumption and production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The level of plastic production is growing rapidly - more than half of plastic waste and plastic products have been manufactured in the last 25 years. In the future, the situation will only worsen, and therefore scientists urge both industrialists and the authorities of all states to reconsider strategies for using and processing plastics. The uncontrolled handling of polymer wastes of consumption and production causes serious damage to the environment and forms not only the environmental, but also the economic problems of future generations, violating the fundamental principle of sustainable development. This article discusses innovative technologies for processing polymer waste consumption and production. Production and biotechnological methods for processing foam plastic, PET and some other types of plastic are considered, including the five most common production methods for handling polymer waste. The study notes that the need to return production and consumption wastes is obvious both in terms of environmental safety and economic feasibility. The authors of the article emphasize that in the conditions of the increasing role of the environmental factor, the problems of managing the processing of plastic products and packaging should be solved in a complex of economic, administrative and social mechanisms. At the same time, it should be understood that the problems of managing the processing of plastic products and packaging are very dynamic and it is necessary to conduct further research in this direction, primarily in the development and improvement of biotechnologies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]