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Compositions based on 2,4-dinitroanisole (DNAN) with several cyclic nitramines, namely 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX) and β-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane (β-HMX), cis-1,3,4,6-tetranitrooctahydroimidazo-[4,5-d]imidazole (BCHMX), and ε-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (ε-CL20) were prepared and studied in comparison with 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) compositions. Impact and friction sensitivities, combustion heats, detonation velocities and relative explosive strengths (RS) were determined for these mixtures. Detonation parameters were calculated by means of the Explo5 thermodynamic code. The difference between the TNT and DNAN compositions was shown by the relationships between RS and the energy outputs of the prepared mixtures. The results show better sensitivity characteristics for DNAN composition in comparison with same compositions containing TNT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, new cyclic nitramine named cis-1,3,4,6-tetranitrooctahydroimidazo-[4,5-d]imidazole (BCHMX) was premixed with insensitive explosives (3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one, NTO and1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene, FOX) and with two cyclic nitramines (1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane, RDXand, 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane, HMX) and bonded by polydimethyl-siloxane (PDMS) binder.Impact and friction sensitivities were evaluated. Detonation velocity was measured and the detonationcharacteristics were calculated by EXPLO 5 thermodynamic code. Relative explosive strength wasdetermined by using the ballistic mortar test. The results showed a great positive influence on the sensitivityof BCHMX due to the addition of the insensitive explosive (NTO, FOX-7) however the performance wasdecreased. On the other side, mixing the nitramines improved the performance with reduction of BCHMXsensitivity. PDMS binder succeed to decrease the sensitivity of all the studied mixtures.

On 15 high nitrogen and three polynitrated polyazaarenes (including six azido-derivatives), the paper demonstrates the relations between their impact sensitivities (Edr) on the one hand and the volume heats (ρQmax) or a representative of detonation pressure (ρD2) of their explosion or their enthalpies of formation (ΔHform) on the other. The semi-logarithmic subrelations between the Edr and ρQmax values are limited by the mechanism of primary fission. While the mentioned relations between Edr and ρQmax values for azido derivatives predominantly show the expected course, in the case of the remaining high-nitrogen EMs, the opposite is the case, i.e., an increase in ρQmax values corresponds to a decrease in impact sensitivity. The same is valid for ρD2 values as an independent variable. Taking the energy content of the studied EM molecules, represented by ΔHform values, instead of the heat of explosion, yields unambiguous semilogarithmic relations, according to which the growth of the ΔHform values increases impact sensitivity. The results obtained indicate that it is necessary to distinguish between the influences of the performance and the energetic content of high-nitrogen energetic materials on their initiation reactivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]