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As an effective approach to mitigating urban environmental issues, New Energy Vehicles (NEVs) have become a focal point of research regarding their current development status and future prospects in China. Addressing the significant disparities in the development of the NEVs industry across different cities, this study focuses on ten typical Chinese cities and develops a novel multi-attribute decision-making (MADM) framework to evaluate the prospects of NEVs promotion in these cities. The study first establishes a comprehensive indicator system that covers key dimensions such as economy, policy support, infrastructure, technological innovation, and environment, encompassing five different types of evaluation information. This system incorporates five different types of evaluation information: exact numbers, interval numbers, triangular fuzzy numbers, hesitant fuzzy numbers, and probabilistic linguistic term sets (PLTS), enhancing the framework's ability to handle diverse data types. Subsequently, the improved entropy (IEntropy) weight method is employed to determine the objective weights of the evaluation indicators. These objective weights are then integrated with the Vlsekriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje (VIKOR) method, facilitating a structured group decision-making approach that synthesizes hybrid evaluation information. Based on modular thinking, hybrid evaluation information is synthesized to evaluate and rank the NEVs development prospects of each city. Sensitivity analysis and comparative analysis further demonstrate the robustness and reliability of the proposed MADM framework. The ranking results indicate that Shanghai and Guangzhou lead in NEVs promotion, while cities like Harbin and Zhengzhou lag behind. Based on these findings, the study proposes targeted policy recommendations to promote the sustainable development of the NEVs industry in major Chinese cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessing the new quality productive forces (NQPF) of new energy vehicle (NEV) companies is crucial for promoting the sustainable development of the NEV industry. This paper systematically evaluated and analyzed the NQPF of Chinese listed NEV companies from 2018 to 2022 using a novel multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) model. To address limitations in traditional MCDA models, such as unbalanced weight distribution, insufficient ranking differentiation, and incomplete identification of key influencing factors, this study introduced a new model, IDOCRIW-PROBID (integrated determination of objective criteria weights—preference ranking on the basis of ideal-average distance). First, an evaluation index system tailored to NEV companies' NQPF was developed. Then, the IDOCRIW method was used to objectively assign weights to the indicators, enhancing the scientific rigor of the weight distribution. The PROBID method was employed to rank companies based on their NQPF, identifying differences between them. Additionally, an obstacle degree model was introduced to analyze key influencing factors, compensating for the traditional MCDA model's limitations in this regard. The results showed, first, that the proposed IDOCRIW-PROBID model has a high degree of consistency with the classical Entropy-TOPSIS (technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution) model in terms of ranking the results (correlation coefficient = 0.91), and that IDOCRIW-PROBID offers higher differentiation compared to other MCDA models, validating its reliability and superiority. Second, during the study period, the development levels of NQPF in Chinese listed NEV companies varied significantly, with most companies at a low level of development and showing a downward trend, indicating that companies face considerable challenges in improving their NQPF. Third, the obstacle degree analysis revealed that R&D lease fees, R&D depreciation and amortization, and direct R&D investment were the primary factors hindering NQPF growth. This research provides theoretical support and decision-making insights for strategic optimization in NEV companies and informs government policy formulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A family of air‐ and moisture‐stable NNN pincer ruthenium(II) complexes with a pendant OH were developed, which exhibit unprecedented high reactivity and selectivity in N‐monomethylation of amines and nitroarenes using methanol. The investigation reveals adopting the combination of 1H‐pyrazole‐1‐yl and 3,5‐dimethyl‐4‐hydroxyethyl‐1H‐pyrazol‐1‐yl as the two assistant arms of the pyridyl‐backbone is a suitable choice. The mechanism study discloses that, during the catalytic cycle, dehydrogenation of methanol to form formaldehyde is a fast and reversible step. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since most electrocatalysts for oxygen evolution reaction (OER), except for precious metal oxides RuO2 and IrO2, are unstable in harsh acidic solutions, it is highly desirable to develop high‐performance OER electrocatalysts for acidic media, though it is still a big challenge. Herein, we report a simple strategy to produce carboxyl‐enriched multiwalled carbon nanotubes (COOH‐MWNTs) that exhibit stable and high electrocatalytic activities for OER in acidic solutions, showing an overpotential at a current density of 10 mA cm–2 and a Tafel slope as low as of 265 mV and 82 mV dec–1, respectively. As far as we are aware, these results represent the best OER performance for metal‐free electrocatalysts, even comparable to those of RuO2 and IrO2. We have further revealed the catalytic mechanism, which involves one electron lose from the COOH‐MWNTs catalyst at the beginning of the OER process to trigger H2O molecule oxidation by forming peralcohol, followed by the recapture of one electron from water molecule to oxidize water and to recover the initial state for the COOH‐MWNTs catalyst. The unravel of this new OER mechanism is important as it provides new insights into the crucial role of organic functional groups in electrocatalytic processes. Also, the mechanistic understanding can be used to guide the design and development of novel metal‐free catalysts for acidic OER electrocatalysis and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]