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A case of a middle-aged man with a dysplastic right P3 aneurysm that was not amenable to endovascular treatment due to inflow stenosis. The aneurysm was treated with a left occipital to right P3 bypass with a radial interposition graft and trapping of the aneurysm.By Bhuvic Patel; Maria Karampouga and Georgios A. ZenonosReported by Author; Author; Author [Extracted from the article]

This article, titled "Clipping of Bilateral MCA Aneurysms Necessitating a Contralateral Anterior Clinoidectomy," discusses a surgical procedure for treating bilateral MCA (middle cerebral artery) aneurysms. The authors describe a case in which they performed a unilateral approach with contralateral anterior clinoidectomy. They successfully clipped both aneurysms and confirmed their treatment efficacy through a postoperative angiogram. The article provides valuable insights into the surgical management of bilateral MCA aneurysms. [Extracted from the article]

This refers to a case of a patient with an irregular carotid cave aneurysm who presented with new recurrent headaches. She was not eligible for a flow diverting stent as she had chronic menometrorrhagia. An endoscopic endonasal clipping was offered. The patient tolerated the procedure well.By Zachary C. Gersey; Bhuvic Patel; Eric Wang and Georgios A. ZenonosReported by Author; Author; Author; Author [Extracted from the article]

We present an operative video illustrating the technique for clipping a ventrally located ruptured PICA aneurysm through an endoscopic endonasal transclival approach. After soft tissue dissection, the clivus is drilled and the dura exposed. Important landmarks identified during this approach include the hypoglossal nerve located between the jugular tubercle and occipital condyle. The dura was opened, and the aneurysm identified, dissected, and clipped with no residual on postoperative angiogram.By Bhuvic Patel; David Fernandez-Cabral; Carl H. Snyderman and Georgios A. ZenonosReported by Author; Author; Author; Author [Extracted from the article]

The case refers to a middle-aged woman with an irregular calcified MCA aneurysm. No good endovascular options were thought to be feasible and she was referred for microsurgical therapy. The aneurysm was treated with multiple fenestrated clips and an M2 to M2 side-to-side bypass. She tolerated the procedure well.By Ali Alattar; Bhuvic Patel and Georgios ZenonosReported by Author; Author; Author [Extracted from the article]

We present an operative video illustrating a minimally invasive lateral orbitotomy via a lateral epicanthal incision for an intracavernous trigeminal schwannoma resection. After mapping of the frontalis branch of the facial nerve, a 2 to 3 cm incision and canthotomy were made. Utilizing this incision and the natural opening of the eye, a lateral orbital rim craniotomy was performed, and the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus was exposed. Intracavernous dissection and complete tumor resection were performed.By Bhuvic Patel; Anna K. Terrarosa; Susan Stefko and Georgios A. ZenonosReported by Author; Author; Author; Author [Extracted from the article]

This article, titled "Artificial Intelligence in Skull Base Surgery: A Scoping Review," examines the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of skull base surgery. The authors conducted a systematic review of relevant articles published between January 2018 and September 2023. They found that AI is being increasingly utilized in skull base surgery, particularly for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. The majority of the studies focused on radiomics, with MRI being the most common imaging modality used. However, there are still many areas within skull base surgery that have not been explored with AI and warrant further investigation. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses the use of a suction nerve stimulator technique for the resection of pituitary adenomas that invade the cavernous sinus. The cavernous sinus is a complex region with many neurovascular structures, making surgical resection challenging. The study reviewed the cases of 50 patients who underwent the endoscopic endonasal approach for pituitary adenoma resection using the suction nerve stimulator device. The results showed that most patients with preoperative cranial nerve palsy experienced full recovery, and no new postoperative cranial neuropathies were reported. The authors suggest that this technique is safe and valuable in managing pituitary adenomas with cavernous sinus invasion, and further research could establish it as a standard protocol to minimize post-surgical complications. [Extracted from the article]

This article, titled "Immunotherapy in the Management of Sinonasal Mucosal Melanoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," provides a comprehensive review of the literature on the use of immunotherapy in the treatment of sinonasal mucosal melanoma (SNMM). The study examines genetic mutations, survival outcomes, and adverse events associated with immunotherapy for SNMM. The review includes 44 studies that met the inclusion criteria, with a total of 876 patients. The findings suggest that adjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) immunotherapy can be effective in select patients with SNMM, particularly those with advanced or metastatic disease. While there is a moderate risk of adverse events, the potential survival benefit outweighs the risks. The study also highlights the need for future research on neoadjuvant immunotherapy in SNMM. [Extracted from the article]

This article examines the relationship between patient age and clinical characteristics and outcomes in endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES) for pediatric skull base neurosurgery. The study analyzes data from a single pediatric center over a 23-year period. The research finds that there are age-dependent differences in pathology, with younger patients more likely to have certain types of tumors and older patients more likely to have others. However, the study concludes that EES can be safely performed in patients of all age ranges, with no significant difference in complication rates. [Extracted from the article]

This article, published in the Journal of Neurological Surgery, discusses the use of the endoscopic endonasal approach (EEA) for the resection of diaphragma sellae meningiomas. The study involved a retrospective review of patients who underwent EEA for the removal of these tumors between 2000 and 2023. The results showed that EEA was successful in achieving gross total resection in the majority of cases, with minimal postoperative complications. The study suggests that EEA is a viable and safe option for managing diaphragma sellae meningiomas, with potential advantages in preserving visual and pituitary function. [Extracted from the article]

This article presents a case series of patients with Tuberculum Sella Meningiomas (TSMs) who underwent endoscopic endonasal resection. TSMs are challenging to diagnose and treat due to their location near critical neurovascular structures and the optic chiasm. The study included 74 patients, predominantly female, with a median age of 56.7 years. The surgical approach resulted in a high rate of gross total resection and improved visual outcomes. However, CSF leak remains a concern, although it has decreased over time. Overall, the endoscopic endonasal approach is considered a safe and effective treatment for TSMs. [Extracted from the article]

This article proposes a simplified classification system for the transverse/sigmoid and superior petrosal sinus complex (TSSP) in neurosurgical approaches to the posterior and middle cranial fossa. The study retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of patients who underwent retrosigmoid craniectomy for various pathologies. The classification system analyzed the width of the sigmoid sinus protruding medially and the width of the transverse sinus protruding below the tentorium. The study found three different grades of sinus configuration, but no strong correlation was found between the grade and postoperative complications. The authors suggest that employing this grading scheme widely could facilitate safer surgical management for pathologies in the cerebellopontine angle and beyond. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses the use of endoscopic endonasal approaches (EEA) in the management of foramen magnum meningiomas (FMM). FMM is a rare type of intracranial meningioma, and traditional treatment involves transcranial corridors. The study presents the experience of the authors in using EEA for FMM resection and highlights its role and limitations. The results show that EEA can be an alternative corridor for carefully selected patients with ventral FMM, especially when involvement or encasement of the anterior spinal arteries is suspected. However, CSF leak remains a significant limitation. [Extracted from the article]

This article presents a retrospective review of pediatric patients who underwent endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES) for skull base pathologies at a large tertiary pediatric hospital between 1999 and 2022. The study included 243 patients with a median age of 14.2 years, with a male predominance. Various pathologies were treated, including juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma, craniopharyngioma, chordoma, pituitary adenoma, encephalocele, Rathke cleft cyst, and basilar invagination or odontoid pannus. Most patients were treated with EES alone, and the overall rate of postoperative complications was 14%. CSF leak was the most common complication. The study concludes that EES is an effective approach for pediatric skull base pathologies, with lower neurovascular complication rates compared to traditional open approaches. [Extracted from the article]