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This paper presents a numerical study of natural convection in an annular cavity filled with a hybrid nanofluid under the influence of a magnetic field. This study is significant for applications requiring enhanced thermal management, such as in heat exchangers, electronics cooling, and energy systems. The inner cylinder, equipped with fins and subjected to uniform volumetric heat generation, contrasts with the adiabatic outer cylinder. This study aims to investigate how different nanoparticle combinations (Fe3O4 with Cu, Ag, and Al2O3) and varying Hartmann and Rayleigh numbers impact heat transfer efficiency. The finite volume method is employed to solve the governing equations, with simulations conducted using Fluent 6.3.26. Parameters such as volume fraction (ϕ2 = 0.001, 0.004, 0.006), Hartmann number (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 100), Rayleigh number (3 × 103 ≤ Ra ≤ 2.4 × 104), and fin number (N = 0, 2, 4, 6, 8) are analyzed. Streamlines, isotherms, and induced magnetic field contours are utilized to assess flow structure and heat transfer. The results reveal that increasing the Rayleigh number and magnetic field enhances heat transfer, while the presence of fins, especially at N = 2, may inhibit convection currents and reduce heat transfer efficiency. These findings provide valuable insights into optimizing nanofluid-based cooling systems and highlight the trade-offs in incorporating fins in thermal management designs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, the implementation of rotary friction welding technology in the industrial sector has made significant progress, especially in the automotive industry, where multiple sheets forming the bodywork of a single vehicle are now assembled using this process. In this study, we utilized the phenomenon of rotary friction to enhance the quality of welded parts at different rotational speeds. Measurements of stress values, microhardness, and temperature were conducted in the welding zones for the following combinations: A60 steel/A60 steel, A9 aluminum/A9 aluminum, and their combination A60/A9. The results from each pair of welded plates were compared to achieve a comprehensive characterization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This project focuses on the examination and design of a medically relevant component, specifically a dental prosthesis, using the method of reverse engineering. Reverse engineering involves a thorough analysis of an existing piece to understand its functioning and specifications, with the aim of creating an improved or adapted version. In the medical context, this approach is employed to develop a specific component with medical significance. This study explores the steps of this process, emphasizing detailed understanding, design, and implementation of this dental prosthesis, with a particular focus on its utility and importance in the medical field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we present an investigative study on the often-overlooked partial wake phenomenon in previous studies concerning wind farm configurations. A partial wake occurs when a portion of the actuator disk of a downstream wind turbine is affected by the wake of another upstream turbine. This phenomenon occurs in addition to the full wake, where the entire upstream turbine is affected by the wake of the frontal turbine, also leading to a decrease in wind speed and consequently a reduction in power production. The proposed study is based on measuring the power generated by the area swept by the wake of an array of turbines in a wind farm. To accomplish this, we integrate the linear wake model of Jensen, the specifications of the ENERCON E2 wind turbine, and the wind farm data into Matlab-developed software (version 18) to perform the calculations. In a concrete application, this proposed method is validated by reproducing the previous works that neglected the partial wake in wind farm configurations. The simulation results obtained are analyzed, compared, and discussed under similar operational conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The field of automation in tool path generation for a 3-axis CNC machine is experiencing significant growth in the computer-aided manufacturing sector. Current research efforts are focused on improving the efficiency and precision of this process. To achieve this, new technologies are being explored to enable a more advanced and automated generation of tool paths. In this article, we will examine the current state of research concerning automated tool path generation on a 3-axis CNC machine using Matlab programming tools. As an example, we will consider a complex butterfly shape derived from a mathematical function that allows drawing the 2D geometric form. At the end of the process, a G-code is automatically generated for future use in the CNC machine. The obtained results are highly encouraging, which provides further motivation for continuing research in this direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the manufacturing industry, Mastercam X5 is a widely used CNC simulation and programming suite that offers high efficiency. It can be easily integrated with the Mastercam model, providing full associativity and seamless single-window integration. The iMachining technology, which uses patented algorithms for specific operations, is a breakthrough in CNC milling tool path technology. It optimizes the tool path, reduces machining time, and minimizes tool wear. The suite enables a wide range of machining operations on various stock objects, making it flexible and versatile. The simulation process allows real-time observation of operations and ensures error-free G-code for physical operation. This paper details the procedures of machining a spur gear from stock material using Mastercam 2D iMachining technology. The simulation process generates automatic Gcodes for practical use in CNC machines. Mastercam simplifies the concept, operation, and importance of using CAM software in modern-day manufacturing industries. It also enables optimization of operational steps and parameter details to save time, cost, and tool lives, improving overall efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]