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ObjectiveTo analyze the effects of tooth brushing frequency on blood indicators among adolescents and to preliminarily explore the effects of tooth brushing frequency on general health.MethodsUsing convenience sampling method, the study included the students of class 2021 of Jining No. 7 Middle School and student athletes from the Jining Sports Training Center. Univariate and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to investigate the correlation between tooth brushing frequency and blood indicators such as eosinophil percentage (EOS%), eosinophil count (EOS#), basophil percentage (BAS%), basophil count (BAS#), superoxide dismutase (SOD), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and uric acid (UA).ResultsA total of 305 students were included (167 from Jining No. 7 Middle School, 138 from Jining Sports Training Centre), with 192 (62.95%) males and 113 (37.05%) females. They were divided into three groups based on daily teeth brushing frequency: ≤1 time (40.33%, 123/305), 2 times (53.77%, 164/305), and ≥3 times (5.90%, 18/305).Univariate linear regression analysis showed that brushing twice daily was negatively correlated with EOS%, EOS#, BAS%, and BAS#(all β > 0, all P < 0.05), and positively correlated with SOD and IGF-1(both β < 0, P=0.028, P=0.007). Brushing three or more times daily was negatively correlated with UA[β(95% CI): -0.16(-0.27~0.04), P=0.008]. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that brushing twice daily was negatively correlated with BAS%(β < 0, P=0.042) and positively correlated with SOD and IGF-1(both β > 0, P=0.036, P=0.012), while brushing three or more times daily was negatively correlated with UA(β < 0, P=0.026). Subgroup analysis revealed that in male adolescents, brushing twice daily was positively correlated with IGF-1(β > 0, P=0.044), and in female adolescents, brushing three or more times daily was negatively correlated with UA(β < 0, P=0.014).ConclusionThe adolescent tooth brushing frequency correlates with several blood indicators affecting general health, suggesting that there may be a potential association between oral health and general health.

Oral health is closely related to systemic health. Common chronic oral diseases, periodontitis and periapical inflammation for example, not only affect the health of oral soft and hard tissues including the alveolar bone and gums, but may also cause changes in systemic conditions such as chronic low-grade inflammation, elevated oxidative stress levels, and dysbiosis of the microbiota. These changes in systemic health can exacerbate the progression of obesity. Therefore, through proactive oral health interventions such as maintaining good oral hygiene habits, modifying dietary structures, and undergoing oral examinations, it is possible to effectively prevent and alleviate inflammatory oral diseases, and actively intervene in obesity. This article delves into the impact of inflammatory oral diseases on obesity and their underlying mechanisms, defines the concept of 'oral proactive healthcare', and systematically summarizes their preventive and therapeutic effects on inflammatory oral diseases, thereby demonstrating the potential of improving obesity through proactive oral health strategies.

A compact and responsive thermoelectric photodetector is introduced for the mid‐infrared. By resonantly coupling mid‐infrared light to a Sb2Te3‐Bi2Te3 thermoelectric junction, a thermocouple is formed that is directly heated by narrow‐band mid‐infrared radiation. Near‐perfect absorption is achieved at this hot junction through the resonantly enhanced coupling of light to free‐electrons in the Bi2Te3 and Sb2Te3 materials. The fabricated devices operate at 3.6 µm and demonstrate a responsivity of 10.2 V W−1, a specific detectivity of 4.6 × 106 cm Hz1/2 W−1, and a bandwidth in the order of 1 kHz. The optimal detection wavelength can be spectrally tuned by changing the resonant cavity dimensions. This work shows a path toward miniaturized mid‐infrared detectors and spectrometers with high sensitivity, responsivity, and bandwidth. Importantly, the device presented here is ideal for industrial production, which it is hoped will provide wider access to mid‐infrared technologies for chemical sensing, medicine, and security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

All-solid-state batteries (SSBs) are prospective candidates for a range of energy accumulation systems, delivering higher energy densities compared to batteries which use liquid electrolytes. Amongst the numerous solid-state electrolytes (SEs), sulfide-based electrolytes in particular have received more attention given that they have a high ionic conductivity. However, the incompatibility between the electrode and SEs is still an ongoing challenge that leads to poor electrochemical performance. In this work, we focus on 1T-MoS2. It is well known that 1T metallic MoS2 is unstable even at room temperature. However, we showed that 1T-MoS2 can be stabilized at 600 °C for at least 2 h, and the 1T-MoS2-600 interlayer spacing expanded to 0.95 nm. The high crystallinity of the 1T phase is highly compatible with solid electrolytes and coupled with the increased interlayer spacing, so in the all-solid-state lithium-ion battery (ALLLIB), we achieved outstanding cycling performance. At the current density of 0.2 C (1 C = 670 mA g−1), this material delivered a capacity of 406 mA h g−1 after 50 cycles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Front wheel shimmy may induce the self-excited vibration of whole vehicle with multiple limit cycles. This kind of shimmy is difficult to control and can do great harm to the vehicle. In order to obtain the mechanism of this phenomenon, a 7-DOF dynamic model of whole vehicle self-excited vibration induced by the shimmy of front wheels which take the nonlinear factor of tire lateral force and the dry friction force in suspension and steering system into consideration was established. By using Hopf bifurcation theorem and central manifold theorem, the existence and stability of limit cycles are qualitatively determined. By means of numerical analysis, the self-excited vibration with multiple limit cycles is found. The results show that in the speed range of 50–185 km/h, front wheels shimmy induced the self-excited vibration of whole vehicle and the amplitude of system's vibration decreases with the increase of vehicle speed; in the speed range of 50–83 km/h and 149–185 km/h, the self-excited vibration with multiple limit cycles occurs; in the speed range of 83–149 km/h, the self-excited vibration with single limit cycle occurs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mouth ulcers, a highly prevalent ailment affecting the oral mucosa, leading to pain and discomfort, significantly impacting the patient's daily life. The development of innovative approaches for oral ulcer treatment is of great importance. Moreover, a deeper and more comprehensive understanding of mouth ulcers will facilitate the development of innovative therapeutic strategies. The oral environment possesses distinct traits as it serves as the gateway to the digestive and respiratory systems. The permeability of various epithelial layers can influence drug absorption. Moreover, oral mucosal injuries exhibit distinct healing patterns compared to cutaneous lesions, influenced by various inherent and extrinsic factors. Furthermore, the moist and dynamic oral environment, influenced by saliva and daily physiological functions like chewing and speaking, presents additional challenges in local therapy. Also, suitable mucosal adhesion materials are crucial to alleviate pain and promote healing process. To this end, the review comprehensively examines the anatomical and structural aspects of the oral cavity, elucidates the healing mechanisms of oral ulcers, explores the factors contributing to scar-free healing in the oral mucosa, and investigates the application of mucosal adhesive materials as drug delivery systems. This endeavor seeks to offer novel insights and perspectives for the treatment of oral ulcers., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Pan, Zhang, Xie, Cui, Wang, Zhang, Du, Zhai, Sun, Li and Li.)

Endowing fluorogenic probes with ultrahigh contrast is essential to increasing the accuracy of fluorescence sensing and imaging. Phenolate-based D-π-A fluorophores (A-D OH ) belong to a big family of fluorophores and have attracted increasing attention in fluorogenic probe design. However, the intrinsic dilemma of weak intracellular emission of traditional A-D OH fluorophores resulted in low contrast during live cell imaging. Herein, we present a general and robust approach to preparing novel A-D OH fluorophores with bright NIR fluorescence in living cells based on the unique halogen effects. The reported chlorinated A-D OH fluorophore ( A1- 2Cl OH ) has an extremely strong fluorescence in an aqueous solution of pH 7.4 and living cells, which is 194 and 30 times higher than that of the traditional halogen-free analogue ( A1-OH ), respectively. We systematically investigated and demonstrated that the distinct -I and +M halogen effects, which led to a drastic decrease in the p K a value and a significant enhancement in the fluorescence quantum yield, respectively, should be responsible for the tremendous fluorescence enhancement. The flexible phenol caging chemistry allows one to prepare multiple NIR fluorogenic probes based on the A1- 2Cl OH scaffold with high contrast for live cell imaging of a variety of analytes by introducing a corresponding triggering moiety. Moreover, the conjugated azide group of A1- 2Cl OH enables the integration of more functions as desired through a facile click reaction. A fluorogenic probe ( mito Probe-PN ) was synthesized as a paradigm by equipping the A1- 2Cl OH scaffold with a mitochondria-targeting moiety and a peroxynitrite-responsive triggering group and demonstrated specific high-contrast fluorescence imaging of endogenous OONO - in mitochondria of living macrophages.

Large-sized single-crystal two-dimensional (2D) perovskites are highly desirable owing to their fundamental properties and intriguing ability to boost devices. Herein, 2-phenylethylammonium lead bromide [(PEA) 2 PbBr 4 ] single crystals, which are a violet-light-emitting 2D perovskite material, with typical lateral sizes of about one centimeter were successfully grown using a seeded solution method. The single-crystal plates showed a well-defined shape (rectangle or hexagon), a natural thickness (300-500 μm) similar to that of conventional silicon and InP wafers, a large aspect ratio of ∼20, and a smooth surface (root mean square, ∼0.7 nm). We integrated these single crystal plates into an ultraviolet photodetector, achieving a low dark current of ∼10 -13 A and an efficient photoresponse (on/off ratio, ∼10 3 ). This experiment could easily be extended to grow freestanding 2D perovskite single crystals on a wafer scale for practical integrated optoelectronics., Competing Interests: There are no conflicts of interest to declare., (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)

Graphene and other layered materials, such as transition metal dichalcogenides, have rapidly established themselves as exceptional building blocks for optoelectronic applications because of their unique properties and atomically thin nature. The ability to stack them into van der Waals (vdWs) heterostructures with new functionality has opened a new platform for fundamental research and device applications. Nevertheless, near-infrared (NIR) photodetectors based on layered semiconductors are rarely realized. In this work, we fabricate a graphene-MoTe 2 -graphene vertical vdWs heterostructure on a SiO 2 /p + -Si substrate by a facile and reliable site-controllable transfer method and apply it for photodetection from the visible to NIR wavelength range. Compared to the layered semiconductor photodetectors reported thus far, the graphene-MoTe 2 -graphene photodetector has a superior performance, including high photoresponsivity (∼110 mA W -1 at 1064 nm and 205 mA W -1 at 473 nm), high external quantum efficiency (EQE; ∼12.9% at 1064 nm and ∼53.8% at 473 nm), rapid response and recovery processes (a rise time of 24 μs and a fall time of 46 μs under 1064 nm illumination), and free from an external source-drain power supply. We have employed scanning photocurrent microscopy to investigate the photocurrent generation in this heterostructure under various back-gate voltages and found that the two Schottky barriers between the graphenes and MoTe 2 play an important role in the photocurrent generation. In addition, the vdWs heterostructure has a uniform photoresponsive area. The photoresponsivity and EQE of the photodetector can be modulated by the back-gate (p + -Si) voltage. We compared the responsivities of thin and thick flakes and found that the responsivity had a strong dependence on the thickness. The heterostructure has promising applications in future novel optoelectronic devices, enabling next-generation high-responsivity, high-speed, flexible, and transparent NIR devices.

The "on-duty systems" and "dispatching systems" in the Tai yi yuan (Imperial Academy of Medicine) of the Qing Dynasty served as the "prelude" of the medical officials to carry out their diagnoses and treatments. Mainly serving in the royal court, the "on-duty systems" included 3 sorts, viz., "specially selected on-duty", "interior on-duty" and "exterior on-duty". In addition to providing medical services in the royal court, Imperial Academy of Medicine also served other royal members in the Capital, the ministers, the military, the civilians, the metropolitan examinations and the prisons. Thus, the "dispatching systems" was established, also included 3 sorts, viz., "special dispatchments", "dispatchments through reporting to the emperor" and "dispatchments through official communication".