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ObjectiveTo investigate a mushroom poisoning incident in Meizhou City， Guangdong Province in 2022， and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control measures.MethodsEpidemiological investigations were carried out on the causes of poisoning， and suspected poisonous mushroom samples were collected for identification， and toxin contents of the mushroom， blood and urine samples were determined.ResultsIn this mushroom poisoning incident， 4 people developed poisoning symptoms after eating wild mushrooms. After treatment， all patients were cured. The mushroom sample was identified as Amanita exitialis. The content of α-amanitin toxin detected in the remaining suspicious samples collected mushroom soup， boiled fruiting bodies， uncooked mushroom residual tissues， and no blood and urine samples were detected α- amanitin.ConclusionThis poisoning incident is caused by Amanita exitialis. The local villagers have weak awareness of food safety. It is necessary to strengthen the popularization of wild mushroom knowledge， establish a rapid detection technology system for mushroom poisoning， and reduce the occurrence of mushroom poisoning and death incidents.

Poria cocos, a well-known traditional Chinese edible-medicinal mushroom, has shown many beneficial health effects. In this study, we investigated the anti-obesity and hyperlipidemia effect of carboxymethyl pachymaran (CMP) in high-fat diet mice, with a focus on gut microbiota and their metabolites. Results demonstrated that CMP notably decreased fat weights and serum lipid, improved glucose tolerance, and reduced lipid droplet level in hepatic tissue. CMP markedly reduced the ratio between Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, decreased the abundances of Dubosiella newyorkensis and Faecealibaculum rodentium, but increased the abundances of Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium pseudolongum. In addition, CMP significantly promoted the production of butyric acid (BA) while decreased the levels of hepatic bile acids. Association analysis showed that physio-biochemical traits were negatively associated with A. muciniphila and BA, whereas showed a positive correlation to F. rodentium and differential bile acids. Together, CMP can alleviate obesity and related complications by modulating gut microbiota and metabolites.

Edible-medicinal fungi have shown many beneficial health effects. Cordyceps guangdongensis is a novel edible-medicinal fungus in China. In this study, we investigated the effects of ethanolic extract from C. guangdongensis fruiting bodies (CGE), and comprehensively dissected the effects of CGE on fat accumulation, dyslipidemia, gut microbial composition, and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Results showed that CGE markedly inhibited body weight gain, decreased fat accumulation in various tissues, and significantly improved glucose tolerance and hyperlipidemia. CGE notably restored high-fat diet induced microbial shift from Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes, and markedly increased the abundances of beneficial gut microbiota (such as Akkermansia muciniphila and Bifidobacterium animalis). Interestingly, CGE also significantly promoted butyric acid (BA) production. Pairwise correlation analysis found that A. muciniphila, B. animals and BA were negatively associated with several fat-related parameters and blood lipid indicators. Together, our results suggested that CGE represented a potential novel supplement to treat obesity and related complications.

Although manifold empirical studies have identified the mechanical properties of crumb rubber concrete (CRC), a comparative analysis of economic and environmental benefits between CRC and ordinary Portland cement concrete (OPCC) is not explored. In this paper, a quantitative meta-analysis between CRC and OPCC is conducted to explore optimized design strength, and a comparative analysis of the economic and environmental benefits of the two materials is undertaken. Considering cost price as the economic index and CO2 emissions per cubic meter of concrete as the environmental index in the materialization stage, CRC and OPCC were compared with different mix designs to achieve grades of similar strengths. Upon replacing less than 20% of natural fine aggregates in concrete with crumb rubber, while retaining the cement content, an increase of 6% in the cost price was achieved for CRC with 30–40 MPa strength grade. Apart from the aspect of mining and transportation of natural aggregates, the reduction of CO2 emissions by means of CRC adoption was verified in the treatment process of waste tire incineration. The results show that CO2 emissions from CRC decreased by 15–17% when compared with OPCC for 30~40 MPa grade concrete. The research conclusion can serve as a theoretical basis for the engineering application of CRC with the same strength, and make certain contributions to the industrial application of crumb rubber aggregates and the sustainable treatment of waste tires. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the quasi-static tests of 12 corroded RC (reinforced concrete) shear walls, it was found that reinforcement corrosion has a great influence on the skeleton curve of RC shear walls. With an increase in the degree of corrosion, the bearing capacity of specimens decreases, and the deformation capacity worsens. Increasing the diameter of longitudinal reinforcements can significantly improve the bearing capacity of corroded RC shear walls, while the deformation capacity of corroded specimens can be improved by increasing the lateral distributed reinforcement or the transverse reinforcement in the embedded column. In order to accurately evaluate the seismic performance of corroded RC shear walls, we considered descent segments of four broken-line models to estimate the skeleton curve. After considering the influence of corrosion on the parameters of the characteristic point for the skeleton curve, the calculation formulas of the characteristic point parameters of the skeleton curve for the corroded RC shear wall were determined based on the test data fitting. It was proven that the formula for the characteristic point parameters for the skeleton curve of corroded RC shear walls has good applicability. This study lays a theoretical foundation for the seismic performance evaluation of an RC shear wall structure in a salt fog environment. It provides a theoretical basis for further improving the life-cycle seismic capacity evaluation system for RC structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Submersible mixer is the core machinery of sewage treatment, which has a profound effect on the efficiency and performance of the submersible mixing system of sewage treatment. This paper summarizes the scientific research results of submersible mixer in recent years from four aspects: structure and energy characteristics of submersible mixer, numerical simulation calculation method, flow field characteristics, and factors affecting the flow field characteristics. The existing published literature indicates that the structure of submersible mixer for sewage is complicated and the parameters of energy characteristics are special. Few experimental studies are conducted, and mostly numerical calculations are based on clear water as the medium. The mixture model based on the Euler–Euler method is the multiphase flow model currently applied in the field of submersible mixer research. Many factors affect the mixing effect of a submersible mixer, such as installation factors (the location and angle of installation) and impeller design parameters (blade gap, hub-tip ratio, blade angle, etc.), all having a significant impact on the mixing performance. Meanwhile, the development and trends of submersible mixer technology are prospected, and the future directions of further research are proposed: establishing a more suitable numerical calculation method for submersible mixer based on the Euler–Lagrange model; constructing the calculation model with real fluid—solid-liquid two-phase flow as the medium; exploring the influence of various parameters on flow field characteristics of mixing fluid; getting the mixing mechanism of submersible mixer; promoting the development of submersible mixer; and realizing the efficient and stable operation of submerged mixing system.