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Huosoma latiloba (Yu, Yang & Bu, 2008) (Figs 1, 2a; 3a–n; 5; 7a) Material examined. 1♀, 2♂♂ larvae, 6.X.2020, Huadianba (25.54°N, 100.00°E, 2,920 m a.s.l.), XiZhou Town, Dali City, Yunnan Province, China, Guo-Hui Yang leg. Huadianba is on Mt Cangshan in Dali, Yunnan. There are many streams and pools in the surrounding mountains. 1♀ and 1♂ larvae were collected and successfully raised to emergence. Habitus: Body small (body length including caudal lamellae 15–18mm long), smooth and moderately stout, lacking distinct bands or marks, with broad paddle-shaped caudal lamellae (Figs 1, 7a). Males and females are very similar except for presence of an ovipositor in the latter. Head: Wider than long, maximum width 1.9–2.1 times length. Compound eyes black and prominent. Occiput light brown, with occipital lobes rounded but rather bulbous (Fig. 2a); antenna filiform, 7–segmented, length of successive antennal segments (mm): 0.10, 0.10, 0.25, 0.35, 0.25, 0.25, 0.3 (Fig. 3a). Labium ochreous, prementum basally narrow, anteriorly expanded strongly and nearly evenly; anterior margin strongly projected as obtuse isosceles triangle, apex forming 115° angle (dorsal view), with fine marginal denticles; prementum length about 4.1 times wider than base, maximum breadth 0.7 length; row of 3–4 long, strong setae sub-medially on upper side of prementum (N=3) (Figs 3b, c). Labial palp long and narrow, distinctly expanded apically, upper margin with eight very long, strong setae set in raised sockets (Fig. 3d); movable hook incurved, but only ca 3/5 length of longest palpal seta (Figs 3d, 5); palp terminating in broad securiform ‘comb’ separated by shallow notch from short ventral hook slightly exceeding margin of comb in length. Mandibles brown, teeth black blown, formula: L 1+234+50y ab R 12345 ab, molar crest absent both right and left mandibles, incisor teeth rounded, 2> 3> 5> 4> 1, additional tooth y on the right mandible (Figs 3e–h). Maxillae long, with dense long setae present on the distal one-thirds of its length (Figs 3i–j). Thorax. Brown, smooth without distinct bands or marks. Prothorax rectangular. Synthorax trapezoidal and elongate. Legs moderately long and slender, the femur of hind leg reaching to middle of S4. Wing cases parallel, outer wing cases reach to the hind margin of S4, inner cases a little shorter. Abdomen. Brown, smooth with black brown markings. Lateral spines absent. Ovipositor of female extending beyond the end of S10 (Figs 3k–l). Caudal lamellae half as long as abdomen, broadly paddle-shaped ending in a short white filament, especially on outer lamellae, margins with well separated low serrations; surface marked with irregular black blotches, especially visible near base. Maximum length:width ratio 2.6 in lateral lamellae and 2.4 in median lamella (Figs 3m –n). Measurements (mm). Larvae (N=3), body length (excluding caudal lamellae) 12–13.5; length of abdomen (excluding caudal lamellae) 8–9; maximum head width 2.5–2.8; length of hind femur 3.5–4; lateral caudal lamella 4.5–5. Biological notes. The larva of H. latiloba was found in a pool in a small mountain stream, with numerous hydrophytes (Fig. 7a). Breeding adults often appear at the edge of nearby streams (Fig. 6c). The flight season ranges from June to September., Published as part of Yang, Guo-Hui, Orr, Albert G. & Zhang, Hao-Miao, 2022, Descriptions of the larvae of Huosoma Guan, Dumont, Yu, Han & Vierstraete 2013 from China (Odonata: Coenagrionidae), pp. 426-434 in Zootaxa 5134 (3) on pages 427-428, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5134.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6538329

Yang, Guo-Hui, Orr, Albert G., Zhang, Hao-Miao (2022): Descriptions of the larvae of Huosoma Guan, Dumont, Yu, Han & Vierstraete 2013 from China (Odonata: Coenagrionidae). Zootaxa 5134 (3): 426-434, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5134.3.6

Huosoma tinctipenne (McLachlan, 1894) (Figs 2b; 4a–m; 6; 7d–e) Material examined: 1♀, larva, 1.V.2019, Haicang Village, Jiuzhou Town, Yunlong County (25.30°N, 99.02°E, 2,550 m a.s.l.), Dali City, Yunnan Province, China, Guo-Hui Yang leg., 1♀, 1♂ larvae, 6.VI.2021, same locality, Guo-Hui Yang leg. 1♀ larva was successfully raised to emergence. Habitus: Generally similar to H. latiloba. Legs and wing sheaths relatively slightly longer (Figs 7d, e) and, caudal lamellae leaf shaped, longer and narrower than in H. latiloba. Head. Comparatively large, occipital lobes gently rounded, not bulbous in dorsal view; mouthparts (Figs 4a–i), fairly similar to H. latiloba but with relatively broader prementum, maximum breadth ca 0.78 length; length about four times wider than base; anterior margin more strongly projected as obtuse isosceles triangle, apex forming 105° angle (dorsal view), with fine marginal denticles; row of four long, strong setae sub-medially on upper side of prementum. Labial palp long and narrow, distinctly expanded apically, upper margin with six very long, strong setae set in raised tooth-like sockets (Figs 4b, c); movable hook short, incurved, only ca 1/2 length of longest palpal seta; palp terminating in broad securiform ‘comb’ separated by shallow notch from short ventral hook slightly exceeding margin of comb in length (Fig. 6). Thorax. Very similar to H. latiloba but legs longer; femur of hind leg reaching to hind margin of S4; outer wing sheaths reaching just beyond hind margin of S4, inner sheaths slightly shorter (Figs 7d–e). Abdomen. Very similar to H. latiloba but ovipositor of female extending only to end of S10 (Figs 4j–k). Caudal lamellae foliate, long and narrow, more than half length of abdomen (maximum length 3.5 times width of lateral lamella and 3.2 times width of median lamella (Figs 4l–m). Lateral lamellae white-tipped with short terminal filament, also present in median lamella but less developed. Measurements (mm). Larvae (N=3), body length (excluding caudal lamellae) 11.5–14; length of abdomen (excluding caudal lamellae) 7.5–8; maximum head width 2.8–2.9; length of hind femur 3.6–4; lateral caudal lamella 4.5–5. Biological notes. The larvae of H. tinctipenne were found in a small, heavily vegetated shallow pond in a brook at an elevation of approximately 2,550 m (Fig. 8b). Adults were often present breeding in the same pond (Fig. 7f). The flight season ranges from June to September., Published as part of Yang, Guo-Hui, Orr, Albert G. & Zhang, Hao-Miao, 2022, Descriptions of the larvae of Huosoma Guan, Dumont, Yu, Han & Vierstraete 2013 from China (Odonata: Coenagrionidae), pp. 426-434 in Zootaxa 5134 (3) on pages 429-431, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5134.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/6538329, {"references":["Brochard, C. & van der Ploeg, E. (2013) Description of the exuvia and larva of Pyrrhosoma elisabethae. Libellula, 32 (3), 159 - 174."]}

Additional file 1. Full-length images of the cropped blots of Western-blot.

Additional file 2. The information of Figures S1 to S5.

Coeliccia furcata (Figs 1���30) Coeliccia furcata H��m��l��inen, 1986;��� H��m��l��inen 1986: 445���447, Figs 1���3 (original description holotype male);��� Zhang 2019: 1232 (brief description, brief remarks on habitat, flight season and distribution, photos of both sexes);��� Dow & Zhang 2020: 491, 499, Table 1. Coeliccia sp. 5;��� Zhang 2017: 17, Fig. 22g. Type material: Holotype. m# (NHMUK013324290), Nam Tamai Valley (coordinates given on labels: 27.8N, 97.8E, ca. 1,060m a.s.l.), ��� UPPER BURMA ���, Myanmar, 12 ix 1938, leg. R. Kaulback, in NHMUK. Other material examined. 3 m #m#, 14 ix 2014, Tongbiguan Village (24.6116N, 97.6070E), Tongbiguan National Nature Reserve, Yingjiang County, Dehong, Dai & Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan, China, ca. 1344m a.s.l., leg. HZ, in coll. Dow; 1 f#, same data but 31 x 2014; 1 m #, 1 f#, same data but 26 x 2015; 1 m #, same data but 25 x 2016. First description of female (based on that from 26 x 2015). Head (Figs 2, 4). Labium yellowish except lateral lobes, which are black. Labrum and clypeus shining black except for a faint but broad central pale band on the anteclypeus. Mandible bases largely occupied by a somewhat irregular bluish marking, framed in black except adjacent to genae. Genae pale blue. Antenna missing above pedicel, black with top part of scape whitish. Frons and vertex mostly black, small yellowish marks on the dorsum of the head as shown in Fig. 2. Ocelli whitish. Narrow yellowish transverse postocular streaks present. Underside of head black. Thorax. Prothorax (Figs 7, 8) with pronotum entirely black. Propleuron creamy yellow except narrowly below notopleural suture and rear part of postepimeral strip (Fig. 8). Upper cervical spur small, lower cervical spur whitish, very large, overlapping propleuron. No well-defined notopleural projections present. Posterior pronotal lobe with lapels low and broad (left lapel shown with a white outline in Fig. 8 to make its shape more easily visible), in dorsal view these appearing subrectangular with the inner rear corner produced inwards (Fig. 7). Central part of posterior pronotal lobe a short subrectangular plate fitted snugly between the lapels (shown with a white outline in Fig. 7 to make its shape more easily visible), only slightly higher than the lapels so hardly visible in lateral view (Fig. 8). Synthorax (Figs 13, 15) with mesepisternum black with pair of narrow, irregular, pale yellowish-blue antehumeral stripes, running from the mesostigmal plates, almost the length of mesepisternum, terminating at the level of the apex of the antealar triangle (Fig. 13). Mesepimeron black. Metepisternum black with a pale, irregular, yellowishblue stripe running from metakatepisternum, surrounding spiracle, occupying most of metepisternum to this point but narrowing thereafter, extending almost to antealar carina (Fig. 15). Metepimeron largely pale yellowish, narrowly black below metapleural suture and immediately adjacent to antealar carina. Venter largely pale yellowish. Mesokatepisternum black, pale blue in lower rear corner, metakatepisternum black above, pale below. Legs with coxae pale, trochanters pale with small black marks immediately above extensor surfaces of femora. Anterior femora largely black, yellowish on a little more than the upper half of the flexor surface. Middle and posterior femora black, yellowish on much of flexor surface. Remainder of legs black and dark brown. Wings with arc situated at Ax 2. Fw with 23 (left) and 24 (right) Px, Hw with 23 (left) and 22 (right) Px. Three post quadrilateral cells in all wings except right Hw, where two-and-a-half. R 4 well proximal to Sn, IR 3 at or very slightly distal to it. Pt dark brown with narrow white margin on distal and subcostal sides, almost a rhombus, covering most of two underlying cells except in left Hw where covers slightly more than two underlying cells. Abdomen. Mostly black. S1 with a large pale mark laterally (visible in Fig. 15). S2 pale narrowly laterally above margin of tergite, S3 similar but pale area still narrower, terga of remaining segments almost entirely black. S8 with pair of yellowish apical marks on sternite, visible in lateral view (Fig. 17). Anal appendages black. Ovipositor largely black with a few pale marks (Fig. 17), extending well beyond anal appendages. Measurements (mm). Abdomen with anal appendages ca. 38.5 mm, Hw ca. 28. Variation in the female. A small, yellow mark is present laterally on the right of the middle pronotal lobe in the female from 31 x 2014, on the left side this mark is brown and faint. On the same female there is a darker area on the venter of the synthorax near the abdomen and the pale areas along the lower margin of the tergite of S3 are wider and similar but irregular, mostly very narrow, areas are present on all segments except S9 and S10. Measurements (mm). Abdomen with anal appendages ca 37 mm, Hw ca 27.5. Fw with 22 Px, Hw with 19 Px. Descriptive notes on male. The holotype of Coeliccia furcata (Figs 9-11, 20, 22, 24, 26���27) is rather discoloured. In Fig. 1 in H��m��l��inen (1986) showing the synthorax, only a few tiny pale marks are shown in the antehumeral position, but in the text H��m��l��inen (1986: 446) states ���very narrow blue antehumeral stripe not quite extending to the dorsal carina��� which is correct (see Fig. 9 here). In the holotype the mandible bases are stated to be blue, in the males from Yunnan they are typically largely blue but in one (that illustrated in Fig. 3) they are black along with the adjacent part of the genae. For the prothorax H��m��l��inen (1986: 445) states ���with blue spot on side of the median lobe��� but from his Fig. 1 this appears to refer to the propleuron, (although possibly there are small blue spots on the middle pronotal lobe, obscured in Figs. 9-11 here) which has a blue marking in the males from Yunnan, similar to the pale mark in the female, but variable in size. There is a small blue mark laterally on the middle pronotal lobe in one male from Yunnan. The venter of the synthorax is damaged by the pin in the holotype, in the males from Yunnan it bears long hair-like setae and is black, in some cases (for instance that illustrated here) with a large subrectangular yellowish area (visible laterally, see Fig. 14, also Fig. 16) with poorly defined darker markings inside on the metaposternum, in immature examples it is brownish. The size of blue (yellow in immature examples) marks on the coxae is variable, in one specimen these marks are entirely absent on the posterior coxae. IR 3 is distal to Sn in two of the males from Yunnan, at Sn in the others and the holotype. The lateral blue S1 mark is variable in size, tiny pale marks are present laterally on S2 on some individuals, in others S2 is completely black. The finger-like upper branch of the cercus is sometimes slightly narrower than in that illustrated in Fig. 23 here or in the holotype (Fig. 22), the apex of the lower branch is somewhat down curved in some. In the holotype the paraprocts appear to be slightly compressed and rotated slightly outwards apically, which accounts for the apparent differences between Figs 24 and 25. Measurements of males from Yunnan (mm). Abdomen without anal appendages ca 38���43 mm, Hw ca 26���28, Fw with 21���24 Px, Hw with 19���22 Px. Remarks. Coeliccia furcata is unlikely to be confused with any other species known from the genus, the deeply bifurcated apices of the male cerci are unique in Coeliccia sensu stricto (see the Discussion) and the posterior pronotal lobe of the female is also unusual and, in combination with the overall dark colouration and robust build (see Figs 28���29), serves to distinguish it from that of all other species known. Habitat and flight season. In the Tongbiguan Nature Reserve Coeliccia furcata was found in seepages beside a clean montane stream in forest. Individuals of both sexes usually perch on plants above seepages and seldom fly. In overcast conditions females are more commonly seen than the males. Mating behaviour was observed in the afternoon. This is a shy species that always perches in shady places. It is also a rather late season species, seen from September to the end of November. Species co-occurring with C. furcata include Calicnemia erythromelas (Selys, 1891), Coeliccia chromothorax (Selys, 1891) and Echo margarita Selys, 1853., Published as part of Dow, Rory A. & Zhang, Hao-Miao, 2021, First description of the female of Coeliccia furcata H��m��l��inen, 1986, with descriptive notes on males from Yunnan, China (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platycnemididae), pp. 151-164 in Zootaxa 4974 (1) on pages 152-157, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4974.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/4772282, {"references":["Hamalainen, M. (1986) Description of Coeliccia furcata spec. nov. from Upper Burma (Zygoptera: Platycnemididae). Odonatologica, 15 (4), 445 - 447.","Zhang, H. M. (2019) Dragonflies and Damselflies of China. Chongqing University Press, Chongqing, 1460 pp. [in Chinese and English]","Dow, R. A. & Zhang, H. - M. (2020) Two new species of Coeliccia Kirby from Yunnan, China (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platycnemididae). Zootaxa, 4838 (4), 491 - 502. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4838.4.3","Zhang, H. M. (2017) Odonata fauna of Dai-Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture of Dehong in the western part of the Yunnan Province, China - a brief personal balance from seven years of surveys and workshop report on current studies. International Dragonfly Fund Report, 103, 1 - 49."]}

Dow, Rory A., Zhang, Hao-Miao (2021): First description of the female of Coeliccia furcata Hämäläinen, 1986, with descriptive notes on males from Yunnan, China (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platycnemididae). Zootaxa 4974 (1): 151-164, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4974.1.6

Mnais gregoryi Fraser, 1924 (Figs 3; 4 a���m; 5d���f; 6b) Material examined. 2 ���� larvae, 25. V.2019, Mt. Jizushan (25.51��N, 100.20��E, 2,340 m a.s.l.), Binchuan Town, Dali City, Yunnan Province, China, Guo-Hui Yang leg.; 4 ���� larvae, 6 ♀♀ larvae, 4.VII.2019, Yunlong County (25.30��N, 99.02��E, 2,460 m a.s.l.), Dali City, Yunnan Province, China, En-Jiang Zhou leg. Several of these larvae were successfully reared to adults. Habitus: A fairly lightly built caloperygid lava with relatively short legs; lateral gills long and lanceolate. Body coloration overall dark brown with only obscure darker brown markings in places, without robust spines (Fig. 3). Head. Roughly pentangular, about 2.2 times as wide as long. Occiput concave. Vertex brown, with small yellow setae (Fig. 3). Antenna, 7-segmented, 1 st segment robust, with slight sub-basal sinuous bend, and extremely long, accounting for 3/5 of the whole entire antenna length; terminal segments filiform; length of each antennal segment (mm): 1.75, 0.25, 0.25, 0.15, 0.10, 0.07, 0.05 (Fig. 4a). Labium pale yellowish, broadly expanded in distal 1/ 2 in dorsal view, distal margin of prementum fringed with very small teeth; extending to form large triangle medially cleft; median cleft nearly touching distally and expanding at base to form a rounded droplet shape, 4.1 mm in length; maximum width to total length ratio of median cleft about 1: 4; labial palp with large movable hook and three long, curved, sharp terminal hooks of unequal length at apex, the inner one curved strongly inward, and shortest, about 1/3 as long as the middle; one strong dorsal setae near base of movable hook (Fig. 4 b���d). Mandibles brown, left mandible with five incisors, L 123450 a(m 1,2, 3)b, 4> 5> 3> 2> 1, molar crest produced straight; R 12345 y a, right mandible with similar incisors, molar crest absent, additional tooth y on the right mandible (Fig. 4 e���h). Galeolacinea of maxilla seen in ventral view with seven strong curved spines and sparse long setae; maxillary palp narrow, curved and bearing long, dense, fine setae. (Fig. 4 i���j). Thorax. Prothorax brown and roughly rectangular. Synthorax brown and smooth, with a thick dark brown stripe laterally. Legs only moderately long, with two dark brown bandings on femora and two similar bandings on tibiae when alive. Wing cases parallel, forewing cases reaching the hind margin of S3 and hindwing cases reaching the anterior margin of S4. Abdomen. Brown and smooth with black markings. No lateral spines present. Female ovipositor sheath reaching beyond middle of S10, but never extending beyond its posterior margin (Fig. 4k). Lateral appendages long lanceolate with a prominent main trachea, with smooth lateral margins and a short apical projection; middle appendage about 4/5th length of laterals, with slight point apically. Lateral appendages dark with irregular pale marking around margins; middle appendage dark with two well defined whitish bands (Fig. 4 l���m). Measurements (mm). Body length 35���37; length of the abdomen 17���18; maximum head width 4, length of the hind femur 8���9; lateral caudal gill 9���10. Differential diagnosis. Besides M. gregoryi, larvae of three other species the genus have been described, M. andersoni described and illustrated by Matsuki & Lien (1978) from Taiwan in detail, M. pruinosa and M. costalis described by Ishida (1996) and Hayashi et al. (2004) from Japan. The main differences between the species are in the ovipositor sheet of the female, the shape of the lateral gill (narrow or wide) and the shape of the prementum., Published as part of Yang, Guo-Hui, Zhang, Hao-Miao & Orr, Albert G., 2021, Descriptions of larvae of Caliphaea angka H��m��l��inen, 2003 and Mnais gregoryi Fraser, 1924 (Odonata: Calopterygidae), pp. 276-284 in Zootaxa 4926 (2) on pages 279-280, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4926.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4506176, {"references":["Matsuki, K. & Lien, J. C. (1978) Description of the larvae of three families of Zygoptera breeding in the streams of Taiwan (Synlestidae, Euphaeidae & Calopterygidae). Tombo, XXI, (1 - 4), 15 - 26.","Ishida, K. (1996) Monograph of Odonata larvae in Japan. Hokkaido University Press, Sapporo, pp. 157 - 161.","Hayashi, F., Dobata, S. & Futahashi, R. (2004) Larval morphology of Japanese Mnais damselflies (Odonata: Calopterygidae) distinguished by nuclear DNA (ITS 1) sequences. Tombo, 47 (1), 13 - 24."]}

Caliphaea angka H��m��l��inen, 2003 (Figs 1, 2 a���p; 5a���c; 6a) Material examined. 2����, 1♀ larvae, 29.V.2020, Sanjiacun Stream (25.51��N, 100.38��E, 2,129 m a.s.l.), Fenyi Town, Dali City, Yunnan Province, China, Guo-Hui Yang leg. Sanjiacun Stream is small montane streams, it is 0.5 m wide, water clear and gravel covered on substrate. 1♀ larva was successfully raised to emergence. Habitus: A stoutly built caloperygid larva with long legs; coloration overall pale brown heavily mottled with dark brown markings. Lateral gills short and ovate, with robust spines on mid-rib but dorsal and ventral margins smooth (Figs 1, 2l). Head: Wider than long, about 2.2 times as wide as long and roughly pentangular, Occiput concave, eyes of moderate size, elongate-rounded, situated at sides of head directed mainly forward (Fig. 1). Antenna, 7���segmented, 1 st segment thick, with distinct sub-terminal inward bend, and extremely long, accounting for 2/5 of the whole entire antenna length; terminal segments filiform; length of each antennal segment (mm): 1.65, 0.75, 0.5, 0.45, 0.3, 0.2, 0.1 (Fig. 2a). Labium dirty yellow, strongly and abruptly expanded in distal 1/ 2 in dorsal view, distal margin of prementum with small teeth, its apical border strongly produced beyond level of base of palps and very deeply incised, the length of median cleft 2.8 mm, only slightly expanded towards base and rounded at the bottom; width to length ratio of median cleft about 1:5; each lobe bearing a long robust inward directed seta near its inner margin just before the mid-point of the lobe; labial palp with large robust movable hook and three long, curved, sharp end hooks of unequal length at the apex; the inner one being shortest, about 1/4 as long as the long central hook; basal to movable hook palp bears one long and three shorter but robust dorsal setae; outer margin of palp with sparse ���pelt��� of numerous but much finer setae (Fig. 2 b���c). Mandibles brown, left mandible with five incisors, L 123450 a(m 1,2, 3,4) b, 4> 5> 3> 2> 1, molar crest produced straight; R 12345 y a, right mandible with similar incisors, molar crest absent, additional tooth y on the right mandible (Fig. 2 e���h). Galeolacinea of maxilla seen in ventral view with six strong curved spines and sparse long setae; maxillary palp narrow, curved and bearing long, dense, fine setae. (Fig. 2 i���j). Thorax. Prothorax roughly rectangular, extending slightly laterally, with broad quadrate light marking dorsally. Synthorax brown and smooth, with light brown dorsal triangular mark. Legs long, hind femur reaching the end of S4; all legs with three broad dark brown bands on femora and tibiae. Wing cases parallel and long, forewing cases reaching the anterior margin of S5 and hindwing cases reaching the hind margin of S5 (Fig. 1). Abdomen. Short, cylindrical, brown and with pale longitudinal irregular-margined dorsal stripes. No lateral spines present. Ovipositor of female extending to basal 4/5 of S10 (Fig. 2k). Lateral caudal appendages ovoid, dark brown, with irregular markings on the edges, with 4 big and 5 small robust spines on the mid-rib; middle appendage distinctly smaller, thin and sub-ovate, pale with very broad darker band from near base to post-medially and dark mark at rounded apex (Fig. 2 m���p). Measurements (mm). Body length 22; length of the abdomen 12; maximum head width 3, length of the hind femur 6; lateral caudal gill 4. Differential diagnosis. It is now known that Fraser���s (1943) description of C. confusa is erroneous. Among other, minor differences, it is likely that the forked prementum is less produced in that species than in C. angka but more material needs to be examined before this can be confirmed. Biological notes. The larva of C. angka was found in small sluggish montane streams, with numerous hydrophytes in the Erhai lake Basin (alt. ca 2,300 ���2,800 m) (Fig. 6a). Breeding adults (Fig. 5 a���b) frequent the stream margins. The flight season range from April to August. During the rearing, we have noticed a rather peculiar behavior. When a larva crawled onto the surface of a stone or on a small branch, its whole body was lifted by stretching of the tibiae, similar to a human doing ���push-ups��� (Fig. 5c). This exercise was performed 15���20 times a day, and may be a territorial display by the larva., Published as part of Yang, Guo-Hui, Zhang, Hao-Miao & Orr, Albert G., 2021, Descriptions of larvae of Caliphaea angka H��m��l��inen, 2003 and Mnais gregoryi Fraser, 1924 (Odonata: Calopterygidae), pp. 276-284 in Zootaxa 4926 (2) on page 277, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4926.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/4506176, {"references":["Fraser, F. C. (1943) New oriental Odonata larvae. Proceedings of the Royal entomological society, London, (b), 12 (5 / 6), 81 - 93. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 3113.1943. tb 00749. x"]}

Caliphaea hermannkunzi Zhang & Hämäläinen, sp. nov. (Figs. 1-12) Type material. Holotype: ³, China, Yunnan Province, Lufeng County, Chuxiong City, Gaofeng village, (25°18’43”N, 101°54’12”E; 2120 m a.s.l.), 10 June 2019, Hao-miao Zhang leg. Holotype deposited in the Odonata Collection of the Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan Province, China. Paratypes. 4 ³³, 1♀, same collecting data as for the holotype. 1 ³ deposited at Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden (RMNH); other paratypes in Hao-miao Zhang’s private World Odonata Collection, Kunming. Etymology. The species epithet hermannkunzi is a masculine noun in the genitive case. It is named after the late Hermann Kunz (6.6.1935 – 5.1.2020), the father of Bernd Kunz (Langenburg, Germany), who has provided financial support for the first author’s field work via the International Dragonfly Fund (IDF). Bernd Kunz selected this epithet in gratitude for the lifelong support he received from his father for his odonatological activities.

Two new species of Coeliccia Kirby are described from Yunnan, China: Coeliccia tongbiguan sp. nov. and Coeliccia yunnanensis sp. nov. (holotype ♂ for both from Tongbiguan National Nature Reserve, Yingjiang County, Yunnan). Coeliccia tongbiguan is allied to Coeliccia hoanglienensis Do, known only from Vietnam. Coeliccia yunnanensis appears to be closely allied to the Coeliccia hayashii–group, also from Vietnam. The fifteen named species of Coeliccia now known to occur in China are listed, twelve of them occur in Yunnan, the presence of Coeliccia didyma (Selys) in the country is confirmed.

Coeliccia tongbiguan sp. nov. (Figs 1, 3, 9, 11, 15���16, 21, 23���24, 29, 31, 33, 35) Coeliccia sp. 2;��� Zhang 2017: 17, Fig. 22d. Type material: Holotype. 1 ♂ (C31), 8 vii 2014, Tongbiguan (24.64079N, 97.58712E, ca 970 m a.s.l.), Yingjiang County, Dehong Dai & Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan, China, in RMNH. Paratypes. 2 ♂♂, 1 vi 2016, same location as holotype male, in coll. HMZ.; 2 ♂♂, 2 vi 2016, same location as holotype male, in coll. HMZ. Etymology. The species is named tongbiguan, a name in apposition, after the type locality. Description of holotype male. Head (Figs 1, 3). Labium whitish except hooks of labial palps, which are black. Labrum shining black, brownish centrally at free margin. Mandible bases largely bluish white, black adjacent to genae. Postclypeus shining black, anteclypeus pale blue with pair widely separated black spots adjacent to labrum. Genae pale blue. Antenna black with top part of scape, base of pedicel whitish, top of pedicel dark brown, rest missing. Frons and vertex mostly black, with small bluish marks directed from lateral ocelli toward, but not reaching, antennae (Fig. 3). Ocelli white. Whitish, small, elongate oval, transverse postocular spots. Underside of head black except for a small pale blue area continuous with that colour on the genae. Thorax. Prothorax (Figs 9, 11) entirely black except brown patch on propleuron below rear of anterior pronotal lobe (Fig. 11). Anterior carina of anterior pronotal lobe same height as main part (Fig. 11). Posterior pronotal lobe simple, slightly raised along free margin. Synthorax (Figs 15, 16) with mesepisternum black with pair of pale blue (greenish in life) antehumeral stripes close to the middorsal carina, running from near to the mesostigmal plates, somewhat less than half the length of mesepisternum (Fig. 15). Mesepimeron black below mesopleural suture, below this a large pale blue mark extending also over most of metepisternum apart from a black stripe tapering from antealar carina above metapleural suture, terminating short of spiracle. Metepimeron pale blue, venter whitish. Mesokatepisternum black, metakatepisternum black and dark brown above and to rear, rest pale. Legs with coxae pale, trochanters pale with small black marks immediately above femurs. Femur mostly pale with broad black stripes on extensor surfaces, anterior femur with black stripe along lower ca two thirds flexor surface, similar on middle femur but stripe on flexor surface only in distal ca one quarter, on posterior femur even shorter; tibia mostly pale, dark along flexor surface, tarsi including claws very dark brown and black. Wing bases largely pale orange (striking yellow in life as in Fig. 35 which shows a paratype). Wings with arc situated slightly distal to Ax 2. Fw with 17 Px, Hw with 16. Two post quadrilateral cells in all wings. R 4 proximal to Sn, IR 3 at or very slightly distal to it. Pt dark brown with narrow white margin, almost a rhombus, covering one underlying cell entirely and small part of another. Lower parts of wing bases yellow. Abdomen. S1 pale laterally, black dorsally and behind posterior carina. S2 mostly black, pale laterally above margin of tergite, boundary between the colours abrupt and irregular. S3���S6 black, pale lower laterally (e.g. immediately above margin of tergite), faint brown basal annulus, broadly interrupted dorsally; faint, poorly defined brown subapical annulus, paler lower on the sides, these becoming fainter on successive segments, hardly visible on S6. S7, S8 black, pale lower laterally and partly behind posterior carina. S9 black with poorly defined brownish orange lateral mark. S10 dull orange (yellow in life) with central irregular subtriangular black mark dorsally (Figs 23, 24). Cerci largely pale orange (yellow in life). In lateral view (Fig. 31) running slightly upwards from base, then downwards in apical ca one third, expanded interior-ventrally at ca one third length from base, lower margin running downwards to rounded apex from this point, very small ventral tooth present subapically. In dorsal view (Fig. 29) cerci subconical, slightly constricted at around two thirds length from base, apices rounded. Paraprocts orange basally, black apically, longer than cerci. In lateral view (Fig. 31) broad at base then rather abruptly narrowing at ca one quarter length, thereafter approximately cylindrical, directed gently upwards, rounded at apex. In ventral view (Fig. 33) tapering from base along outer margin to ca half length, then almost straight, turned inwards at apex. Genital ligula. Terminal segment divided from near base into two thick, fleshy arms, in ventral view (Fig. 21) running closely together, almost parallel until curved outwards and upwards around shaft, apically curved back so apices pointed toward base of segment. Measurements (mm). Abdomen without anal appendages ca 33, cerci ca 0.7, Hw ca 21.5. Female. Unknown. Variation. The shape of the black spots on the anteclypeus is variable. The wing bases are usually without yellow tint. One male has a darker abdominal tip, with S9 entirely black and S10 largely black dorsally (Fig. 35). Measurements (mm). Abdomen without anal appendages ca 36���36.5, Hw ca 24���25, Fw with 20���21 Px, Hw with 18 Px. Diagnosis. The male of this species differs from almost all other known species of Coeliccia in the form of the genital ligula, in other species where the terminal segment is divided from near to its base the arms (or flagellae) are considerably thinner than the fleshy arms in C. tongbiguan. The exception is C. hoanglienensis Do, 2007 which also has similar markings on the synthorax but whose anal appendages are clearly different (compare Figs 29 and 31 here with Figs 4, 5 in Do 2007). The short, closely spaced antehumeral stripes are also diagnostic, only shared, in the absence of additional pale markings on the mesepisternum, with C. flavicauda Ris, 1912 and Coeliccia renifera (Selys, 1886) both of which have totally different forms of genital ligula, the poorly known C. rotundata Asahina, 1984, which has shorter cerci with far more rounded apices (only a poor quality lateral view of the genital ligula of this species was provided by Asahina (1984), but it is certainly of a different form from that in C. tongbiguan), and C. hoanglienensis. Coeliccia fraseri Laidlaw, 1932 also has antehumeral markings in the same position and these appear to be variable in length (see Figs 165���167 in Lahiri 1987) but that species has a genital ligula with the terminal segment divided from its base into thin arms. Coeliccia sarbottama Lahiri, 1987, only known from the holotype and which might be a junior synonym of C. fraseri, has long antehumeral markings placed close together, these could be variable in length but the anal appendages are completely different (see Figs 161 (confusingly upside down) and 162 in Lahiri 1987) and a genital ligula like that of C. fraseri. The anal appendages also distinguish C. tongbiguan from most other species, with only C. satoi Asahina, 1997, which has a very different (simple) form of genital ligula, having similar appendages in lateral view. Remarks. All males of the species were found perching at shady seepages in dense tropical rain forest. In the large range surveyed in the Tongbiguan Reserve the species was only found in one location where it occurred at a very low density. Males perched less than half meter above water and when disturbed they flew higher and perched on tree leaves. The species appears to prefer the wet season, the rainy season in western Yunnan begins in May and the rain is heavy in June. In surveys made in August no individuals were found and it appears that the species has a short flight period from the end of May to July. This seems to be a rare species confined to good quality forest. Other species co-occurring with C. tongbiguan include the recently discovered Echo candens Zhang, H��m��l��inen & Cai, 2015, the rare Echo margarita Selys, 1853 and Yunnanosticta Dow & Zhang, 2018 spp. The type locality is close to the border with Myanmar so that the species is very likely to occur in that country as well as Yunnan., Published as part of Dow, Rory A. & Zhang, Hao-Miao, 2020, Two new species of Coeliccia Kirby from Yunnan, China (Odonata: Zygoptera Platycnemididae), pp. 491-502 in Zootaxa 4838 (4) on pages 492-493, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4838.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/4405395, {"references":["Zhang, H. M. (2017) Odonata fauna of Dai-Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture of Dehong in the western part of the Yunnan Prov- ince, China - a brief personal balance from seven years of surveys and workshop report on current studies. International Dragonfly Fund - Report, 103, 1 - 49.","Do, M. C. (2007) Coeliccia hoanglienensis sp. nov., a new platycnemidid damselfly from Hoang Lien Mountains in the north of Vietnam (Zygoptera, Plastinemididae [sic]). In: Tyagi, B. K. (Ed.), Odonata: Biology of Dragonflies. Scientific Publishers, Jodhpur, pp. 343 - 348.","Asahina, S. (1984) Assamese and Burmese Coeliccia species in the collection of Dr. Erich Schmidt (Odonata: Platycnemididae). Transactions of the Shikoku Entomological Society, 16 (4), 1 - 9.","Lahiri, A. R. (1987) Studies on the odonate fauna of Meghalaya. Records of the zoological Survey of India, Occasional Paper, 99, 1 - 402."]}

Coeliccia yunnanensis sp. nov. (Figs 2, 4���8, 10, 12���14, 17���20, 22, 25���28, 30, 32, 34, 36) Coeliccia sp. 3;��� Zhang 2017: 17, Fig. 22e. Type material: Holotype. 1 ♂ (C32), 25 vi 2015, Tongbiguan (24.61522N, 97.58558E, ca 1245 m a.s.l.), Yingjiang County, Dehong Dai & Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan, China, in RMNH. Paratypes. 1 ♂ (C33), 1 ♀ (C34), data as holotype, in coll. Dow; 7 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀, 24 vi 2015, other data as holotype, in coll. HMZ. Etymology. The species is named Coeliccia yunnanensis, the Coeliccia from Yunnan, in reflection of Yunnan���s remarkable diversity of Odonata. Description of holotype male. Head (Figs 2, 4). Labium whitish except hooks of labial palps, which are black. Labrum shining black. Mandible bases largely bluish white, black below clypeus and narrowly beside genae. Postclypeus shining black, anteclypeus black. Genae pale blue, this colour intruding onto frons above clypeus for some distance. Antenna black with top part of scape, base of pedicel white, top of pedicel dark brown, rest missing. Frons and vertex mostly black, with small white mark behind median ocellus, whitish streaks based on outer edge of lateral ocellus, directed towards rear of antenna base, but not reaching it. Ocelli white. Whitish, small, elongate oval, transverse postocular spots. Underside of head mostly black with pair of very small pale markings on either side of point of attachment, just below occipital ridge. Thorax. Prothorax with pronotum entirely black (Fig. 10), upper part propleuron black, yellowish below (Fig. 12). Anterior carina of anterior pronotal lobe same height as main part (Fig. 12). Posterior pronotal lobe simple, raised along free margin. Synthorax (Figs 17, 18) with mesepisternum black with pair of broad yellow markings occupying lower ca one third of its length (Fig. 17). Mesepimeron black, metepisternum largely yellow, this extending narrowly onto mesepimeron, narrowly black beside antealar carina, this extended for short distance above metapleural suture. Metepimeron yellow. Mesokatepisternum black, small pale area in corner at rear above coxae, metakatepisternum entirely yellowish. Venter of synthorax pale. Legs (right anterior and posterior legs missing below trochanter) with coxae entirely pale, trochanters pale with tiny brown marks immediately above femurs. Femur mostly pale with broad black stripes on extensor surfaces, anterior femur with black stripe along lower ca two thirds flexor surface, similar on middle femur but stripe on flexor surface only in distal ca one-third, on posterior femur even shorter; tibia mostly pale, dark along flexor surface, tarsi including claws black and very dark brown. Wings with arc situated slightly distal to Ax 2. Fw with 17 (left) or 19 (right) Px, Hw with 16. Three post quadrilateral cells in all wings. R 4 proximal to Sn, IR 3 at or very slightly distal to it. Pt dark brown with irregular narrow white margin, almost a rhombus, covering one underlying cell entirely and up to ca one third of another. Abdomen. S1 yellowish cream except dark brown in narrow apical annulus including posterior carina and area behind, narrowly dark on dorsum. S2 mostly pale laterally, black above. S3 pale lower laterally (e.g. immediately above margin of tergite), dark brown above becoming darker apically, narrow basal pale annulus broadly interrupted dorsally; S4���S7 similar but lacking pale basal annulus and becoming darker on successive segments, S8 almost entirely black, pale orange behind posterior carina. S9 black with pair tiny transverse basal dorsal pale orange streaks, pair tiny pale orange spots subapically, pale orange behind posterior carina. S10 pale orange (Figs 25, 26, yellow in life), centrally placed irregular black mark dorsally (Fig. 25). Anal appendages pale orange (yellow in life). In lateral view (Fig. 32) cercus relatively narrow at base, expanding ventrally at ca one-quarter length, from this point subrectangular to rounded apex, expanded part bearing a small black interior and downwards directed tooth (barely visible in lateral view). In dorsal view (Fig. 30) cercus expanded at ca one-quarter length, expansion starting with a blunt inwardly directed subbasal spur, continuing as an inner ridge, whole tapering to bluntly rounded apex. Paraproct in lateral view broad at base, narrowing (irregularly along upper margin) to just after one-third length, then cylindrical, directed gently upwards, extending well beyond cercus, turning slightly down apically to rounded tip. In ventral view (Fig. 34) tapering gently from base, slightly sinuous along inner margin, curved strongly inward subapically, small black tooth at tip. Genital ligula. Terminal segment narrowing from base then divided into two long, narrow arms from (Fig. 22). Measurements (mm). Abdomen without anal appendages ca 36.5, cerci ca 0.7, Hw ca 24.5. Description of paratype female (C34). As male except as noted. Head (Figs 5, 6). Pale markings yellowish rather than blue. Anteclypeus dull yellowish with pair brown marks, well separated above labrum. Labrum with pair of very small yellow basal streaks at edges. Large irregular yellow stripes originating between median and each lateral ocellus, running behind antennae bases towards, but not reaching, eye margin, just joined behind median ocellus. Antennae missing. Thorax. Prothorax (Figs 7, 8, 13, 14) yellow with central part posterior pronotal lobe black, lapels brown, anterior pronotal lobe black except lower lateral part, which has small black streak at anterior carina (Fig. 7). Lower cervical spur well developed. Notopleural projection (Fig 8), present in form of rounded bulge fused with lateral part anterior pronotal lobe. Posterior pronotal lobe with short rounded lapels just separated from short but broad central part with lateral parts produced as pointed almost triangular horns directed up and slightly upwards (Figs. 13, 14). Synthorax (Figs 19, 20) with pair yellowish antehumeral stripes, not quite reaching level of apex of antealar triangle. Lateral markings of synthorax similar to male but black mark on mesepimeron above metapleural suture isolated from black mark beside antealar carina. Left anterior leg missing below coxa Wings with arculus at Ax 2, 17 (left) or 18 (right) Px in Fw, 15 Px in Hw. IR 3 distal to subnodus. Pt covering from one to one and ca two thirds underlying cells Abdomen. S1 with area behind posterior carina yellowish brown. S2 dark brown dorsally. S8 very dark brown, orange-yellow in apical ca one third and lower part laterally for entire length, S9 almost entirely orange-yellow, S10 dark brown (Figs 27, 28). Cerci black, subtriangular in lateral view, shorter than S10. Ovipositor black, largely yellow in upper half, reaching ca same level as tips of cerci, styles missing. Measurements (mm). Abdomen without anal appendages or ovipositor ca 36.5, Hw ca 26. Variation in paratype males. There is an orange brown spot centrally on the labrum at the free margin in some paratypes. S8 sometimes yellow lower part sides in basal ca four fifths. The markings of S9 are variable, although the area beyond the posterior carina is always orange or yellow. The small orange markings on S9 present in the holotype are sometimes absent. In one paratype there is a large yellow apical transverse mark on S9, dorsally extended toward base as two short arms in the position of the tiny orange spots on the holotype, in two others a similar marking is present but it is divided into two and in the other five it is reduced to a pair of apical orange spots. The dorsal black mark on S10 is sometimes reduced to narrow central spot in basal half, and a small brown mark can be present lower on the sides of S10. Measurements (mm). Abdomen without anal appendages ca 34���39.5, Hw ca 23.5���27, 17���20 Px in Fw, 17���19 Px in Hw. Variation in other paratype females. The colour of S8-10 and the ovipositor is variable. One female has S8 orange-yellow except the basal-dorsal one-third and S9 and S10 largely black with dorsal orange-yellow spots. One female with S8 similar to Figs 27���28 but S9 and ovipositor almost black, with just the extreme tip of the ovipositor orange-yellow. Measurements (mm). Abdomen without anal appendages or ovipositor ca 36���38.5, Hw ca 24.5���26, 18-19 Px in Fw, 17 Px in Hw. Diagnosis. The male of C. yunnanensis is easily separated from that of all other species except those of the C. hayashii -group (defined in Phan & To 2019) from Vietnam, consisting of C. coronata Kompier, Dow & Steinhoff, 2020, C. doimedea Kompier, Dow & Steinhoff, 2020, C. duytan Phan, 2017, C. hayashi Phan & Kompier, 2016, C. lecongcoi Phan, 2019, C. matti Phan & Kompier, 2016 and C. schorri Phan & To, 2019, by the combination of the form of its antehumeral markings, genital ligula and anal appendage structure. Its anal appendages are most similar to those of C. duytan, C. hayashi and C. lencongcoi (see the illustrations in Phan & Kompier 2016, Phan 2017, Phan & To 2019) but it can be separated from these and the other hayashii -group species by the form of the terminal segment of the genital ligula, which has the terminal segment divided from base in those species but in C. yunnanensis it is only divided from just after the level of the internal fold. It also differs from the Vietnamese hayashii -group species in other details of colouration and in lacking any pruinosity on the synthorax, however a note of caution is needed with respect to this last character, pruinosity can develop with age so it is possible that very mature individuals of C. yunnanensis might develop pruinose patches on the thorax. The female of C. yunnanensis can be distinguished from most species by the form of the posterior pronotal lobe, but comes close to three of the hayashii -group species: C. diomedea, C. duytan and C. lencongcoi in this character, however it differs from these in having the central part of the posterior pronotal lobe wider, and in the more extensive pale colouration of the middle pronotal lobe, continuous with that on the propleuron in C. yunnanensis but separated from that by black in C. diomedea, C. duytan and C. lencongcoi. Remarks. This species inhabits similar habitats to Coeliccia tongbiguan sp. nov., seepages in shady forests, but at a higher elevation; it was only found above 1000 m a.s.l. The population was clearly larger than that of C. tongbiguan. The flight season also overlaps with C. tongbiguan; this is another a species that appears to prefer the wet season. Males normally perch on plants low above water and seldom fly. Pairs in tandem were found apparently ovipositing on small sections of dead wood or plants above the water surface. Species co-occurring with C. yunnanensis include Echo Selys, 1853 spp., Yunnanosticta spp., Planaeschna McLachlan, 1896 spp., Anotogaster Selys, 1854 spp., Coeliccia chromothorax (Selys, 1891) and Coeliccia furcata H��m��l��inen, 1986. As with C. tongbiguan, C. yunnanensis is likely to occur in Myanmar as well as China., Published as part of Dow, Rory A. & Zhang, Hao-Miao, 2020, Two new species of Coeliccia Kirby from Yunnan, China (Odonata: Zygoptera Platycnemididae), pp. 491-502 in Zootaxa 4838 (4) on pages 494-499, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4838.4.3, http://zenodo.org/record/4405395, {"references":["Zhang, H. M. (2017) Odonata fauna of Dai-Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture of Dehong in the western part of the Yunnan Prov- ince, China - a brief personal balance from seven years of surveys and workshop report on current studies. International Dragonfly Fund - Report, 103, 1 - 49.","Phan, Q. T. & To, V. Q. (2019) Description of new damselfly Coeliccia schorri sp. n. (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platycnemididae) with a discussion of the Coeliccia hayashii - group in Vietnam. International Journal of Odonatology, 22 (1), 11 - 20. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 13887890.2018.1557567","Kompier, T., Dow, R. A. & Steinhoff, P. O. M. (2020) Five new species of Coeliccia Kirby, 1890 from Vietnam (Odonata: Platycnemididae), and information on several other species of the genus. Zootaxa, 4766 (4), 501 - 538. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4766.4.1","Phan, Q. T. (2017) Coeliccia duytan sp. nov. from the Central Highlands of Vietnam (Odonata: Platycnemididae). Zootaxa, 4324 (1), 195 - 200. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4324.1.12","Phan, Q. T. & Kompier, T. (2016) Description of two new species of Coeliccia from Vietnam (Odonata: Platycnemididae). Zootaxa, 4196 (3), 407 - 414. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4196.3.4"]}

Yunnanosticta cyaneocollaris sp. nov. (Figs 2, 4, 6, 8, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21, 23, 24, 26) Drepanosticta sp. 4;��� Zhang 2017: Fig. 24d (photograph of male in life). Holotype. ♂, Tongbiguan National Nature Reserve (24.5833 N, 97.5856 E, ca 1220 m), Yingjiang County, Dehong Dai & Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan, China, 23 vi 2015, leg. H.M. Zhang, to be deposited in BMNH. Paratypes. 1 ♂, Tongbiguan National Nature Reserve (24.6636 N, 97.5883 E, ca 740 m), Yingjiang County, Dehong Dai & Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan, China, 0 6 vii 2014, leg. H.M. Zhang, in the collection of the H.M. Zhang. Etymology. The species is named cyaneocollaris, a noun in apposition: meaning ���blue neck���, in reference to the largely blue prothorax. Description of holotype. Head (Fig. 2). Labium pale brown. Labrum whitish in basal ca two-thirds, dark brown below. Mandible bases very dark brown, whitish in corner adjacent to labrum and clypeus. Anteclypeus whitish, postclypeus shining black. Genae dark brown, frons obscurely brown and black. Vertex, occiput black, small whitish sub triangular marking at front median ocellus, small whitish marks at outer sides lateral ocelli. Underside of head shining black. Ratio of width of compound eye to width of vertex measured at level of lateral ocelli ca 0.6. Transverse occipital carina not very prominent. Ocelli whitish. Antenna with scape mostly pale, pedicel greyish, hardly narrower than scape, slightly expanded apically, rest missing. Thorax. Prothorax (Figs 4, 6) with anterior pronotal lobe black, propleuron yellow, narrowly dark brown at rear, middle pronotal lobe mottled blue and yellow, posterior pronotal lobe blue, narrowly framed in black. Anterior pronotal lobe with anterior carina same height as highest part of raised part. Posterior pronotal lobe short, simple, collar-like. Synthorax (Fig. 8) entirely brown, including venter, with small blue marks just below interpleural suture, near antealar carina on metepisternum, Venter of synthorax dark brown. Legs (middle right leg absent below trochanter): almost entirely yellowish, brown mark rear of coxae on middle and posterior pairs, narrowly dark around joint of femur and tibia, with faint, partial, poorly defined greyish ring around femur at ca two-thirds of its length. Wings: 15 Px in Fw, 14 Px in Hw. Vein Ab present, joined to Ac to form Y, single postcubital vein present in all wings. Arculus arising at or slightly distal to Ax2. R4 arising proximal to subnodus, IR3 distal to subnodus, joined to R4 by short stalk. CuP meeting wing margin at ca level of Px 6 in Fw, Px 9 in Hw; R4 meets the wing margin just beyond level of distal end of Pt. R3 arises at ca level of Px 6 in Fw, Px 5 in Hw, IR2 ca 1 Px further distal except in left Hw where 2 Px further distal. Both R3 and IR2 meet the wing margin at the falcate tip. Pterostigma almost rhomboidal, black with narrow pale border, covering one underlying cell. Abdomen. S1 brown. S2 brown with narrow transverse pale dorsal basal mark. S3���7 largely brown, becoming darker apically and on successive segments, with pale dorsal basal mark, separated from diffuse sub basal pale mark along lower margin of tergite, dorsal mark becoming fainter on successive segments, sub basal mark longer. S8 similar but dorsal basal marking very small, irregular (Figs 15, 17), pale blue dorsal marking in apical ca two thirds (Fig. 17). S9 pale blue except black lower laterally, S10 black with tiny, faint blue mark on left side dorsally (Fig. 17). Anal appendages (Figs 19, 21, 23) dark brown and black. Cerci short, simple, in lateral view (Fig. 19) narrowing gradually from base to rounded apex, curved gently up then down to apex, a strong but narrow ventral tooth present; in dorsal (Fig. 21) view bulbous, subcircular, apex broad and slightly, very shallowly bifurcated. Paraprocts a little longer than cerci (Fig. 19), in lateral view subtriangular for most of their length, bifurcated at apex into rounded outer branch, best seen in ventral view (Fig. 23) and with up turned inner branch, best seen in lateral view (Fig. 19); in ventral view the inner branch appearing short, pointed. Note that in Figure 21 the difference in length between cerci and paraprocts appears greater than it really is, this is because of the angle from which the drawing was made. Genital ligula (Figs 11, 13). Terminal segment narrower than penultimate segment, relatively short, apically divided into two arms lying on either side of shaft, expanded apically and curved forward (Fig. 11). Internal fold very large. Measurements (mm). Abdomen without anal appendages ca 25, cercus ca 0.3, Hw ca 16.5. Female. Unknown. Variation in paratype male. No significant variation was found in the single paratype, except that the blue dorsal mark on S8 extends almost the entire length of the segment (see Fig. 26). Diagnosis. The male is easily separated from all other known members of the Platystictidae except Y. wilsoni by the characters defining the genus. It is separated from Y. wilsoni by the dark venter of the synthorax, the very large internal fold and differently shaped terminal arms of the genital ligula, the cerci slightly shorter than the paraprocts, the subapical tooth on the cercus positioned ventrally and longer than in Y. cyaneocollaris, and the shorter inner branch of the paraproct. Remarks. The habitats of this species are seepages and narrow streams in the shade. The holotype male was collected at the same locality as that of Y. wilsoni. The paratype male was collected at a lower altitude of ca 740m, where it was perching on a leaf at a stream margin. The stream is in shady forest, about 0.5m in width and rather shallow, the substrate is silver sand. Except for two paratype males of Y. wilsoni, no other species was found at this location. This species appears to occur at very low densities., Published as part of Dow, Rory A. & Zhang, Hao-Miao, 2018, Yunnanosticta gen. nov., from Yunnan, a new genus from the Sinostictinae, with the description of two new species (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platystictidae), pp. 567-577 in Zootaxa 4375 (4) on pages 573-576, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4375.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/1161001, {"references":["Zhang, H. M. (2017) Odonata fauna of Dai-Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture of Dehong in the western part of the Yunnan Province, China - a brief personal balance from seven years of surveys and workshop report on current studies. International Dragonfly Fund - Report, 103, 1 - 49."]}

Yunnanosticta wilsoni sp. nov. (Figs 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24, 25) Drepanosticta sp. 3;��� Zhang 2017: Fig. 24c (photograph of male in life). Holotype. ♂ Tongbiguan National Nature Reserve (24.5833 N, 97.5856 E, ca 1220 m), Yingjiang County, Dehong Dai & Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan, China, 23 vi 2015, leg. H.M. Zhang, to be deposited in BMNH. Paratypes. A total of 39 ♂♂. 10 ♂♂, data as holotype; 13 ♂♂, same site and collector as holotype, 22 vi 2015; 6 ♂♂, same site and collector as holotype, 0 1 vi 2016; 2 ♂♂, same site and collector as holotype, 0 1 vi 2016; 6 ♂♂, same site and collector as holotype, 31 v 2016; 2 ♂♂, Tongbiguan National Nature Reserve (24.6636 N, 97.5883 E, ca 740 m), Yingjiang County, Dehong Dai & Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan, China, 0 6 vii 2014, leg. H.M. Zhang. Paratypes in the collections of the authors, some to be deposited at RMNH. Etymology. The species is named wilsoni, a noun in the genitive case, after Keith Duncan Peter Wilson, who erected the Sinostictinae, in honour of his work on Chinese Odonata. Description of holotype. Head (Fig. 1). Labium brown. Labrum, mandible bases whitish in basal ca twothirds, black below. Anteclypeus whitish, postclypeus, genae, frons shining black. Vertex, occiput black, small whitish sub triangular marking in front median ocellus, very small whitish marks at outer sides lateral ocelli. Underside of head shining black. Ratio of width of compound eye to width of vertex measured at level of lateral ocelli ca 0.6. Transverse occipital carina not very prominent. Ocelli whitish. Antenna with scape black, whitish at top, pedicel pale grey, rest missing; pedicel slightly expanded apically. Thorax. Prothorax (Figs 3, 5) dark brown and black with pair of pale brown areas laterally on anterior pronotal lobe, pair small blue dorsal marks on middle lobe, much of dorsal surface posterior pronotal lobe blue. Anterior pronotal lobe with anterior carina lower than highest part of raised part, this shallowly divided centrally. Posterior pronotal lobe short, simple, collar-like. Synthorax (Fig. 7): mesepisternum and antealar triangles entirely bronzy black. Laterally almost entirely dark brown, small, faint pale spot just below interpleural suture, near antealar carina on metepisternum on right side only (Fig. 7 shows the left side), mesokatepisternum pale yellowish just above coxae, metakatepisternum pale yellowish. Venter of synthorax cream. Legs (left anterior leg absent below trochanter): almost entirely yellowish, narrowly black around joint of femur and tibia, with poorly defined greyish ring around femur at ca two-thirds of its length. Wings: 16 Px in all wings. Vein Ab present, joined to Ac to form Y with short stalk. Arculus arising slightly distal to Ax2. Postcubital vein present in all wings, one supplementary postcubital vein in left Hw. CuP meets wing margin at ca level of Px 6 in Fw, between levels of Px 10 and Px 11 in Hw. R4 arising proximal to subnodus, IR3 distal to subnodus, joined to R4 by short stalk. R4 meets the wing margin beyond level of distal end of Pt in Fw, ca at level of distal end of Pt in Hw. R3 arising at ca level of Px 6 in Fw, Px 5 (left) or Px 6 (right) in Hw; IR2 one Px further distal in all wings. R3 and IR2 both meet the wing margin at the tip, which is slightly falcate. Pterostigma almost rhomboidal, black with narrow pale border, covering slightly more than one underlying cell. Abdomen. S1 brown. S2 brown with narrow but diffuse basal annulus, interrupted dorsally, continued along lower margin tergite for basal ca two-thirds. S3���7 largely brown, becoming darker apically and on successive segments, after S3 with diffuse basal annulus, continued along lower margin of tergite for some distance, on S7 this reduced to faint brown mark dorsally. S8 similar but basal marking restricted to lower lateral part in basal ca one quarter (Figs 14, 16), pale blue dorsal marking in apical ca one quarter (Fig. 16). S9 pale blue except black lower laterally, S10 black (Figs 14, 16). Anal appendages (Figs 18, 20, 22) dark brown and black. Cerci in lateral view (Fig. 18) curved down, then up, then down again at apex, whole narrowing only slightly from base to apex, small subapical internal ventral spur present, also visible in dorsal view. In dorsal view (Fig. 20) simple, approximately conical. Paraprocts ca as long as cerci. Basal ca two thirds paraprocts subtriangular in lateral view (Fig. 18), at ca two thirds length shallowly bifurcated into very short, rounded outer part and long inner branch, directed upwards and to rear, in ventral view (Fig. 22) expanded slightly to almost square-ended tip. Genital ligula (Figs 10, 12). Terminal segment narrower than penultimate segment, long, narrowing from base, apically divided into two long slender, curled arms lying on either side of shaft, tapering to sharp point (Fig. 10); peculiar narrow spur arising just above origin of arms, running parallel to main part terminal segment. Internal fold very small, barely visible. Measurements (mm). Abdomen without anal appendages ca 28, cercus ca 0.5, Hw ca 18.75. Female. Unknown. Variation in paratypes. Aside from small differences in pale markings, there is considerable variation in the blue markings on the prothorax and S8. In some individuals the blue marks on the middle pronotal lobe are larger than in the holotype and the posterior pronotal lobe is almost entirely blue, in others these markings are reduced compared to the holotype, with the marks on the middle pronotal lobe entirely absent on one specimen. The S8 marking occupies the apical ca one quarter to ca three quarters of the segment. None of the paratypes has a supplementary postcubital vein in any wing. Vein ab is occasionally absent or incomplete in one or more wings, as is the case in the Fw of the paratype are shown in Figure 9. Sometimes IR3 arises at the subnodus, in one individual R4 and IR3 are fused or nearly fused at origin in all wings and arise at the subnodus. CuP meets the wing margin at the level of Px 5���8 in the Fw, Px 9���13 in Hw (10���11 typical). In several paratypes R4 meets the wing margin beyond the level of the distal end of Pt in the Hw or Fw. R3 arises at level of Px 6���7 in Fw, Px 5���6 in Hw, IR2 typically arises one Px further distal, but occasionally up to 2 Px further distal. There is also considerable variation in size (see below). The genital ligula was examined in three paratypes. The only significant variation observed is in the narrow spur on the terminal segment, in one paratype this is present, but narrower than in the holotype, in another only a short part of the spur is present and in the last it is not visible at all (see Remarks below). Measurements (mm). Abdomen without anal appendages ca 23.5���28.5, Hw ca 17���19.5. Diagnosis. The male is easily separated from all other known members of the Platystictidae except Y. cyaneocollaris by the characters defining the genus. It is separated from Y. cyaneocollaris by the pale venter of the synthorax, the very small internal fold and differently shaped terminal arms of the genital ligula, the longer cercus of approximately the same length as the paraproct and with only a small subapical interior ventral spur present, and the longer inner branch of the apex of the paraprocts. Remarks. The colour pattern of the prothorax and of abdominal S8 are sufficiently variable that they may not provide reliable means of separating this species from Y. cyaneocollaris, although the extent of blue on the pronotum in Y. cyaneocollaris is greater than in any of the type series of Y. wilsoni. The spur on the genital ligula might also provide a useful character; although it is only partially present or not present in some of the paratypes, this might be because this seemingly fragile structure was broken during extraction of the genital ligula, during which it would certainly have been subjected to stress because of its position. However it is also possible that the spur is simply a variably developed structure, not always present. Yunnanosticta wilsoni is found in shady, dark forests, where it occurs at seepages, usually with a high gradient, at altitudes in the range ca 700-1200 m. These habitats are found in the best tropical rain forests throughout the Tongbiguan National Nature Reserve. Males perch low on leaves or hang on branches. When disturbed they fly for a very short time, hovering, and then perch back again at the same spot. Individuals have been observed from early morning until late in the afternoon, suggesting that they seldom travel far from the habitat. Yunnanosticta wilsoni was found co-occurring with Coeliccia Kirby, 1890 and Echo Selys, 1853 species at the type locality., Published as part of Dow, Rory A. & Zhang, Hao-Miao, 2018, Yunnanosticta gen. nov., from Yunnan, a new genus from the Sinostictinae, with the description of two new species (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platystictidae), pp. 567-577 in Zootaxa 4375 (4) on pages 568-570, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4375.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/1161001, {"references":["Zhang, H. M. (2017) Odonata fauna of Dai-Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture of Dehong in the western part of the Yunnan Province, China - a brief personal balance from seven years of surveys and workshop report on current studies. International Dragonfly Fund - Report, 103, 1 - 49."]}

Yunnanosticta genus nov. Type species Yunnanosticta wilsoni sp. nov. Diagnosis. Small, very slender damselflies. Synthorax in males largely dark brown and black, lacking well defined pale markings dorsally and laterally. CuP meeting wing margin at around midpoint of Fw, well after midpoint in Hw. Wing slightly falcate at tips. Anal appendages with cerci stout, simple in dorsal view, bearing a single sub apical ventral interior spine, paraprocts very broad at base, in lateral view subtriangular to near apex, in ventral view bifurcated at apex. Remarks. Yunnanosticta is most easily distinguished from Sinosticta by its much smaller size and less robust build, by the synthorax almost entirely lacking pale markings and the vein CuP meeting the wing margin at around the midpoint of the wing in the Fw. In Yunnanosticta the available specimens (all male) have the abdomen plus anal appendages in the range ca 24���29mm, Hw 16.5���19.5mm, in contrast male Sinosticta typically have abdomen plus anal appendages in the range 37���48mm, Hw 27���34mm (based on the measurements given in Wilson 1997, Wilson & Reels, 2001, Wilson & Xu 2007 and Yu & Bu 2009). Yunnanosticta also differs in having fewer (typically none) supplementary post cubital veins. Yunnanosticta species have slightly falcate (hooked backwards) wings (the typical shape in the old world Platystictidae), however in Sinosticta the wings are not at all falcate (for instance see Figure 1 in Wilson (1997) and Figure 13 in Wilson & Xu (2007)), this character does not appear to have been remarked upon before and should be added to the diagnosis of Sinosticta. The cerci of Yunnanosticta are rather similar to those of Sinosticta except that the paraprocts of Yunnanosticta are slightly more complex structures than those of Sinosticta, with shallowly bifurcated apices. However the discovery of additional species in either genus might blur the distinctions seen in the anal appendages at present. The wing venation, darker colouration, smaller size, and lighter build of Yunnanosticta are the main distinguishing features., Published as part of Dow, Rory A. & Zhang, Hao-Miao, 2018, Yunnanosticta gen. nov., from Yunnan, a new genus from the Sinostictinae, with the description of two new species (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platystictidae), pp. 567-577 in Zootaxa 4375 (4) on page 568, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4375.4.6, http://zenodo.org/record/1161001, {"references":["Wilson, K. D. P. (1997) The Platystictidae of Hong Kong and Guandong, with descriptions of a new genus and two new species. Odonatologica, 26 (1), 53 - 63.","Wilson, K. D. P. & Reels, G. T. (2001) Odonata of Hainan, China. Odonatologica, 30 (2), 145 - 208.","Wilson, K. D. P. & Xu, Z. (2007) Odonata of Guangdong, Hong Kong and Macau, South China, part 1: Zygoptera. International Journal of Odonatology, 10 (1), 87 - 128, pls. I - VIII. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 13887890.2007.9748292","Yu, X. & Bu, W. (2009) Description of two new damselflies, Protosticta zhengi and Sinosticta sylvatica, from China (Odonata: Zygoptera: Platystictidae). Zootaxa, 2245, 54 - 58."]}

Gomphidictinus tongi sp. nov. Holotype. ♂ (deposited in the Odonata Collection of Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yunnan Province, China), China, Lingshui County, Hainan Province, Mt. Diaoluoshan (18°43'23.16"N, 109°52'10.37"E; 930 m a.s.l.), 28 May 2014, Hao-miao Zhang leg. Paratypes. 2♂♂, 1♀, same data as holotype; 1♂, China, Guangxi Province, Chongzuo, 30 May 2017, Haomiao Zhang leg. All paratypes deposited at the same place as holotype. Etymology. The species name, a noun in the genitive case, is dedicated to Professor Xiao-li Tong, from South China Agricultural University, the Ph.D. supervisor of the first and second authors. He passed on professional knowledge of entomology to Hao-miao Zhang and gave great help for his study on Odonata. A big and robust dragonfly. Body black with yellow maculation and hyaline wings (Figs 5–6). Description of the holotype. Head. Eyes dark green when alive (Fig. 7). Face black with yellow markings (Fig. 7). Labium almost black with indistinct yellow spots at the posterior of each lobe; mandible bases yellow; labrum black; anteclypeus entirely yellow; postclypeus largely black with paired yellow spots at the lateral sides; antefrons black below, with the upper half yellow, top of frons with anterior 2/3 yellow; vertex above lateral ocelli triangularly projected, black with paired triangularly projections behind lateral ocelli; occiput black with a very short median tubercle, occipital margin almost straight. Thorax. Generally black with yellow markings (Fig. 5). Prothorax black. Synthorax with mesothoracic collar stripes connecting at midpoint, dorsal stripes not connecting with collar stripes; antehumeral spot small, comma shaped; sides of synthorax mostly black with yellow markings: mesepimeron with a broad yellow stripe, metepisternum with a triangular shaped spot near the upper margin, metepimeron largely yellow, mesokatepisternum with a lower spot, metakatepisternum largely yellow. Poststernum with paired large spots. Legs black with yellow markings. Coxae with yellow spots in all legs; fore leg femur with yellow stripes in the inner side, mid and hind legs entirely black. Wings. Hyaline, slightly tinted with amber brown, venation black. Forewings: 22 antenodals above Sc and 18 antenodals below Sc; 18 (left) and 19 (right) postnodals above R1. Hindwing: 15 (left) and 16 (right) above Sc, 15 antenodals below Sc; 18 (left) and 20 (right) postnodals above R1. Triangle 4-celled in forewings and 3-celled in hindwings, supertriangle 3- or 5-celled in forewings, 3-celled in hindwings, subtriangle 3-celled in forewings and 1-celled in hindwings. Anal triangle 5-celled. Anal loop 5-celled. Pterostigma long, 7mm in length, color dark brown, covering 9 cells below. Abdomen. Black with pale marking as follows (Fig. 5): S1 with a large lateral spot close the lower margin, and very fine stripe along the hind margin dorsally; S2 with a large anterior central arrow-shaped spot dorsally, laterally with two spots, anterior one covering auricle; S3 with a large basal spot, triangular shaped; bases of S4–6 with paired spots, connecting at mid-carina; basal half of S7 with a large spot; S8–10 and anal appendages almost black, S10 with paired tiny spots dorsally. Accessory genitalia and anal appendages. Vesicle with a huge ventral projection. Median segment of penis organ with a sharp basal spine, distal segment with twisted flagellae (Fig. 8). Anterior hamuli stout, gently expanded apically, hooked backwards in apex (Fig. 9); posterior hamuli broad and strongly curved posteriorly (Fig. 10). Anal appendages black. Cerci about 1.65 times as long as S10, conical and tapering distally in lateral view, with a ventral spine basally (Fig. 11); in dorsal view, depressed at apical 2/5, with a row of 7–9 denticles (Fig. 12). Epiproct very short, thus forming a big hollow from the ventral spine of cerci, the dorsal surface with two very small spines apically. Paratype female: Head. Maculation very similar to holotype male. Occiput with a pair of lobed projections posteriorly (Fig. 13). Thorax. Almost identical to holotype male, but yellow spots on head and coxae slightly larger than holotype male, wings brown color darkened. Abdomen. Black with pale marking as follows (Fig. 6): S1 with a large lateral spot posteriorly and a very fine stripe along the hind margin dorsally; S2 with a triangular central spot dorsally, lateral side with a big rectangular spot; S3 with anterior semicircle spot dorsally and anterior lateral small stripes; S4–6 with anterior spot dorsally; S7 with a large basal spot; S8–10 and cerci almost black except for the small paired spots on S10 dorsally. Cerci long, about 1.5 times as long as S10. Vulvar lamina very long, reach almost the end of S9, deeply depressed medially (Fig. 14). Variation in paratype males. Two paratype males have collar stripes interrupted at midpoint. Paired yellow spots larger. Fore leg femur with less yellow markings. Anal triangle 5- or 6-celled. Measurements (mm). Holotype male: total length 85.0, abdomen (including anal appendages) 63.0, hind wing 51.5; Paratype males: total length 78.0–79.0, abdomen (including anal appendages) 58.0–60.0, hind wing 48.0–49.0; Paratype female: total length 81.0, abdomen (including anal appendages) 61.0, hind wing 54.0; Distribution. China (Hainan and Guangxi). Diagnosis. Male of G. tongi sp. nov. is similar to G. kompieri, but can be distinguished from it by the following characters: 1) the epiproct shorter, with a bigger hollow between cerci and epiproct in lateral view; 2) the spine on the median segment of the penis is situated more basally; 3) the subtriangle of the hindwings is not reticulated. Male of G. tongi sp. nov. is quite different from G. perakensis by the absence of the whale-tail shaped tubercle on ventral surface of S1 and the shape of the male anal appendages. Female of G. tongi sp. nov. can be separated from the other congeners by longer vulvar lamina which is reaching the end of S9. More detailed characters between the three species are listed in Table 1. Notes on biology. Only a few adults were collected from Mt. Diaoluoshan Mountain in Hainan Island. The population is quite small and all the males were hidden in the very dense forested streams. Males held the territory quite near water, usually perch on the short trees or top of sticks, which is also seen in Gomphidia males. They always perch but seldom fly, and only appear in the sunny days when the sunlight can pass through the dense tropical rain forest. Species co-occurring include the endemic Chlorogomphus gracilis Wilson & Reels, 2001, the famous Pseudolestes mirabilis Kirby, 1900 and various gomphids including Gomphidia kruegeri. In Guangxi the stream is less shady and the paratype male and two males of G. kruegeri were collected in the same tree.

Key to the known species of Gomphidictinus 1. Abdominal segment 1 with a ventral tubercle...................................................... G. perakensis - Abdominal segment 1 without ventral tubercle.............................................................. 2 2. Hind wing subtriangle not reticulated, anal triangle 5- or 6-celled.................................... G. tongi sp. nov. - Hind wind subtriangle reticulated, anal triangle 7 to 10-celled......................................... G. kompieri, Published as part of Zhang, Hao-Miao, Guan, Zhao-Ying & Wang, Wen-Zhi, 2017, Updated information on genus Gomphidictinus (Odonata: Gomphidae) in China with description of Gomphidictinus tongi sp. nov., pp. 321-332 in Zootaxa 4344 (2) on page 330, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4344.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/1043104

Notes on Lamelligomphus camelus (Martin, 1904) Figures 18 ���21, 26��� 29 Material examined. 2 ♂, Lanjuxiang Village, Longquan County, Jingning City, Zhejiang Province, China, 20 June 2008, Hao-miao Zhang leg.; 3 ♂, Songxi County, Nanping City, Fujian Province, 28 June 2008, Hao-miao Zhang leg.; 2 ♂, Taoyuan stream in Mt. Nankunshan, Huizhou City, Guangdong Province, 17 July 2013, Hao-miao Zhang leg.; 4 ♂, Chebaling National Nature Reserve, Shingxing County, Guangdong Province, 26 July 2013, Hao-miao Zhang leg.; 4 ♂, Babaoshan in Nanling National Nature Reserve, Ruyuan County, Guangdong Province, 21 July 2013, Hao-miao Zhang leg.; 1 ♂, Xiangzhigou, Xinpu Village, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, 18 July 2011, Hao-miao Zhang leg.; 4 ♂, Maolan National Nature Reserve, Libo County, Guizhou Province, 28 July 2008, Haomiao Zhang leg.; 5 ♂, 1 ♀, Nanxi Stream (22 �� 44 ��� 10 ������N, 104 ��01��� 60 ������E), altitude 540 m, Hekou County, Honghe Hani Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, 6 June 2015, Hao-miao Zhang leg.; 10,♂, 3 ♀, Huayudong (22 �� 40 ��� 21 ������N, 103 �� 56 ��� 16 ������E), altitude 150 m, Hekou County, Honghe Hani Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, 7 May 2010, Hao-miao Zhang leg.; 2 ♂, Shuimanxiang Village, Wuzhishan City, Hainan Province, 20 July 2014, Hao-miao Zhang leg. Distribution. Currently known from an extensive range in China, including Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Guizhou and Yunnan Provinces. The record from Zhejiang is very near Fujian, and records from Yunnan are confined to the eastern part, very near Vietnam. It is recorded from Nanling Mountains, adjacent to Mangshan Mountains in Hunan Province, so the species must occur in Hunan Province. The confirmed record of L. camelus outside China is northern Vietnam. It is a rather southern species in China and Hekou County in Honghe Hani Autonomous Prefecture seems the western border of the range, as it has not been found in the other counties in western Honghe, including Jinping and Lvchun Counties. Variation in body maculation. From numerous specimens throughout its range, the variation in body maculation includes 1) number and shape of yellow spots on metepisternum, which can be one spot close to the upper margin (Fig. 26), an upper spot followed by a longer one below (Fig. 27), or an upper spot followed by two very small ones (Fig. 28); and 2) in some males from Guangdong, yellow markings on the side of S 2 reduced and not covering the auricle., Published as part of Zhang, Hao-Miao, Yang, Guo-Hui & Cai, Qing-Hua, 2016, A new species of Lamelligomphus Fraser, 1922 (Odonata: Gomphidae) from southern Yunnan, China, pp. 571-581 in Zootaxa 4098 (3) on page 578, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4098.3.9, http://zenodo.org/record/256004, {"references":["Martin, R. (1904) Liste des Nueropteres de I'Indo-Chine. in Pavie, A .. Misson Pavie Indo-Chine, 3, 204 - 221."]}

Lamelligomphus annakarlorum sp. nov. Figures 1 ���17, 22��� 25 Etymology. The new taxon is named for Anna Diehl and Karl Schorr, Kaiserslautern, Germany, both of whom have enjoyed working with dragonflies for many years. Anna promoted a study of Yunnan Odonata for the first author. Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve (21 �� 57 ��� 59 ������N, 101 �� 12 ��� 37 ������E), altitude 630 m, Menglun Town, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, 15 May 2014, Hao-miao Zhang leg.; Paratypes: 1 ♂, same site and collector, 30 April 2014; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same site and collector, 15 May 2014; 6 ♂, 2 ♀, same site and collector, 16 May 2013; 1 ♂, same site and collector, 17 May 2013; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same site and collector, 02 June 2013; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same site and collector, 13 September 2013; 1 ♂, same site and collector, 16 September 2013; 1 ♂, Buguzhai Village (21 �� 37 ��� 4 ������N, 101 �� 35 ��� 3 ������E), altitude 690 m, Mengla County, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, 29 September 2014, Hao-miao Zhang leg. Holotype male: Head. Eyes dark green when alive (Figs. 22���23). Face black with yellow markings (Fig. 1). Labium largely black, medially with paired small yellow markings close to posterior margin; mandible bases yellow; labrum black with paired yellow spots; anteclypeus entirely yellow; postclypeus entirely black; top of frons with one pair of broad semicircular spots; vertex black with paired tubercles behind lateral ocelli; occiput black, with hind margin straight. Thorax. Generally black with yellow markings (Fig. 2). Prothorax entirely black. Synthorax with mesothoracic collar interrupted at mid point, dorsal stripes not connecting with collar stripes; antehumeral stripe absent; sides of synthorax largely black with yellow markings; mesepimeron with a yellow stripe; metepimeron with an oval spot about 2 / 3 as long as length of metepimeron; mesokatepisternum, metakatepisternum and legs entirely black. Wings. Hyaline, venation black, base of wings tinted with dark brown. Forewings: 18 (left) and 19 (right) antenodals above Sc and 19 antenodals below Sc; 18 (left) and 16 (right) postnodals above R 1. Hindwing: 13 antenodals above Sc, 15 antenodals below Sc; 17 postnodals above R 1. Triangles not crossed. Median space without crossvein. Anal triangle 4 -celled. Pterostigma black, well braced, below covering 8 cells on forewings, 8 (left) and 9 (right) cells on hindwings. Abdomen. Black with pale marking as follows (Figs. 3���4): apical half of S 1 with a dorsal triangular spot connecting with dorsal triangular spot on S 2, S 2 laterally with an approximate V-shaped spot covering auricle, base of S 3 with yellow ring, bases of S 4���6 with paired spots; basal half of S 7 with paired quadrate spots, S 8���10 and anal appendages black, S 8 dorsolaterally with a pair of prominent tubercles. Dorsal hind margins of S 7 and S 8 slightly projected when viewed laterally. Cerci about twice length of S 10, slightly shorter than epiproct, in lateral view tips strongly tapering and curving ventrally, dorsally with a small spine at basal fourth and another one equal in shape subapically (Fig. 13), on apical fourth the inner margin of left cercus with 11 teeth on the curving part and right cercus with 8 teeth ventrally. Epiproct curving posterodorsally when viewed laterally, when viewed dorsally apical fourth deeply sulcate, thus laterally with an inner and outer raised carina that are almost parallel (Fig. 14), the apical portion on outer carina bearing a series of small irregular teeth. Vesica spermalis as shown in Fig. 15. Posterior hamulus relatively broad at base and strongly tapering apically, the tip with long setae (Fig. 16). Anterior hamulus with anterior branch narrow and hooked apically, the posterior branch robust and short. (Fig. 16). Paratype females: Head. Similar to holotype male, but paired spots on labrum smaller. Hind margin of occiput with paired spines (Fig. 7). Thorax. Similar to holotype male, but dorsal stripes connecting with collar stripes (Fig. 8). Metepimeron with yellow spots larger than holotype but size and shape variable (Figs. 8, 12). Abdomen. S 1 entirely black; S 2 with large yellow spots laterally, each connecting with dorsal triangular spots, thus forming a large yellow ring; S 3���7 with paired basal spots; S 8���10 entirely black (Figs. 9���10). Vulvar lamina shown in Fig. 17. Cerci short, as long as S 10. Variation in paratype males. Yellow marking on metepimeron very variable; the majority of specimens similar in size to holotype, but in some paratype males the yellow marking on metepimeron longer and larger (Fig. 11). In some males dorsal stripes connect with collar stripes. Measurements (mm). Holotype male: total length 69.0, abdomen (including anal appendages) 52.0, hind wing 42; Paratype males: total length 65.0���68.0, abdomen (including anal appendages) 49.0���51.0, hind wing 38.0��� 41.5. Paratype females: total length 63.0���68.0, abdomen (including anal appendages) 47.0���51.0, hind wing 42.5 ��� 45.0. Distribution. Currently known only from Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture in southern Yunnan province, China. Notes on biology. The type locality is in the tropical rain forest, where the best forests can be seen all over Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture; at least 160 species have been found in this area (personal records by Haomiao Zhang). Most of the type specimens were collected at a long flowing montane stream within deep forest in the Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve. This stream was about 1.5 ���3.0 m wide; in the dry season (November to June) the water level was low, about 0.3 m deep. This new species prefers open sections of the stream, and males usually perched on marginal vegetation including big rocks in the stream or the sandy beach. Males were active during the daytime from 10:00��� 17:00 hours. Most of the time they perched, but sometimes they hovered close to the water's surface. Males fight for territory. Females were rarely seen, but they usually appeared in the semi-shady or shady part where they laid eggs while hovering. Differential diagnosis. This new species is most similar to Lamelligomphus camelus, especially by the paired hump-shaped tubercles on dorsal part of S 8 (Figs. 13 ���14, 19). We were unable to find any differences in male anal appendages and only small differences in the secondary genitalia; the paired flagellum of L. camelus is longer (Fig. 20), and the hamulus of L. camelus is stouter (Fig. 21). The shape of the female vulvar lamina is approximately triangular in L. annakarlorum (Fig. 17) but not so angled in L. camelus (Fig. 18). Most members of this genus have a similar male vesica and anal appendage morphology. Body maculation plays an important role in separating these two species. More information about L. camelus is provided below, based on studying comprehensive specimen material throughout its range, especially the variation of body maculation, and we can see clearly the differences between the two species. A combination of summarized characters for separating L. annakarlorum from L. camelus are shown in Table 1., Published as part of Zhang, Hao-Miao, Yang, Guo-Hui & Cai, Qing-Hua, 2016, A new species of Lamelligomphus Fraser, 1922 (Odonata: Gomphidae) from southern Yunnan, China, pp. 571-581 in Zootaxa 4098 (3) on pages 572-578, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4098.3.9, http://zenodo.org/record/256004

Burmagomphus collaris (Needham, 1930) Figures 44���45 Gomphus collaris��� Needham 1930 (���Soochow���, China); Chao 1990 (Hebei, Jiangsu and Zhejiang Provinces, China). Material examined. 12 ♂, 2 ♀, Shidu, Fangshan, Beijing City, China, 14 August 2014, Hao-miao Zhang leg. The species was very abundant in the Shidu River in mid August, and all male specimens were collected perching on big rocks from 10:00��� 15:00 on a sunny day. Distribution. China (Beijing, Hebei, Jiangsu & Zhejiang) and Korea (Lee 2001)., Published as part of Zhang, Hao-Miao, Kosterin, Oleg E. & Cai, Qing-Hua, 2015, New species and records of Burmagomphus Williamson, 1907 (Odonata, Gomphidae) from China in Zootaxa 3999 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3999.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/238333, {"references":["Needham, J. G. (1930) A Manual of the Dragonflies of China. The Fan Memorial Institute of Biology, Peiping, 344 pp.","Chao, H. F. (1990) The Gomphid Dragonflies of China (Odonata: Gomphidae). Science and Technology Publishing House Fuzhou, 486 pp. [Chinese, with English summary]","Lee, S. - M. (2001) The Dragonflies of Korean Peninsula (Odonata). Junghaen-sa, Seoul, 229 pp."]}

Burmagomphus asahinai Kosterin, Makbun & Dawwrueng, 2012 Figures 40–41 Material examined. 4 ♂, 2 ♀, a stream at the gate of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanic Garden, altitude 550 m, Menglun Town, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, 0 4 June 2013, Hao-miao Zhang leg.; 5 ♂, same site and collector, 0 6 June 2013. Described from Cambodia and Thailand (Kosterin et al. 2012, Kosterin 2014) and now recorded from Xishuangbanna in southern Yunnan province. The Yunnan specimens are identical to the holotype from Cambodia (the type locality) in body markings but slightly larger, with the abdomen length 32–33 mm and hindwing 24–25 mm. In the beginning of June they were found at the stream about 2.5 m wide and rather open; they all perched on the leaves of small trees about 2–4 m above water from 12:00– 16:00. Distribution. China (Yunnan: Xishuangbanna), Thailand, Cambodia and South Vietnam (Gouggah waterfall, Dalat, Lamdong Province) Karube (2015). Species Recorded provinces (Sources) Burmagomphus apricus sp. nov. Yunnan (this paper) Burmagomphus arvalis (Needham, 1930) Jiangsu (Needham 1930; Chao 1990) Burmagomphus asahinai Kosterin, Makbun & Dawwrueng, 2012 Yunnan (this paper) Burmagomphus bashanensis Yang & Li, 1994 Sichuan (Yang & Li 1994) Burmagomphus collaris (Needham, 1930) Beijing (this paper), Hebei, Jiangsu, Zhejiang (Chao 1990) Burmagomphus dentatus sp. nov. Yunnan (this paper) Burmagomphus divaricatus Lieftinck, 1964 Yunnan (Yang & Davies 1993; this paper) Burmagomphus gratiosus Chao, 1954 Fujian (Chao 1990), Guizhou (Zhang 2011; Kosterin et al. 2012) Burmagomphus intinctus (Needham, 1930) Fujian (Chao 1990), Zhejiang (this paper) Burmagomphus latescens sp. nov. Yunnan (this paper) Burmagomphus magnus sp. nov. Yunnan (this paper) Burmagomphus sowerbyi (Needham, 1930) Fujian, Guangxi, Jiangsu, Hunan, Henan (Chao 1990), Guizhou (Zhang 2011) Burmagomphus vermicularis (Martin, 1904) Fujian, Taiwan (Chao 1990), Guangdong (Wilson & Xu 2009), Hainan (Wilson & Reels 2001), Burmagomphus williamsoni Förster, 1914 Yunnan (this paper)

Burmagomphus williamsoni williamsoni F��rster, 1914 Figures 48���49 Material examined. 2 ♂, 1 ♀, stream at the gate of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanic Garden, altitude 550 m, Menglun Town, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, 0 4 June 2013, Hao-miao Zhang leg.; 1 ♂, the same site and collector, 0 6 June 2013. The species was found in the same site where B. asahinai was recorded but fewer in number. Specimens of both species were collected on the same trees. Distribution. China (Yunnan: Xishuangbanna), Thailand (H��m��l��inen & Pinratana 1999) and Malay Peninsula (Lieftinck 1964)., Published as part of Zhang, Hao-Miao, Kosterin, Oleg E. & Cai, Qing-Hua, 2015, New species and records of Burmagomphus Williamson, 1907 (Odonata, Gomphidae) from China in Zootaxa 3999 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3999.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/238333, {"references":["Hamalainen, M. & Pinratana, A. (1999) Atlas of the Dragonflies of Thailand. Distribution maps by provinces. Brothers of St. Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok, 176 pp.","Lieftinck, M. A. (1964) Some Gomphidae and their larvae, chiefly from the Malay Peninsula (Odonata). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 69, 3 - 38."]}

Burmagomphus apricus sp. nov. Figures 1–5, 34– 35 Etymology. apricus is a Latin adjective meaning ‘sunlit’; this epithet is given to the species for the holotype, which was found perching on an open road during the hottest time of day under fierce sunshine. Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve (21 ° 57 ’ 59 ’’N, 101 ° 12 ’ 37 ’’E), altitude 630 m, Menglun Town, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, 18 May 2013, Hao-miao Zhang leg. Holotype male: Head. Eyes green while alive (Figs. 34–35). Face black with pale yellow markings (Fig. 1). Labium largely pale yellow. Mandible bases pale yellow. Labrum with a pair of very large oval pale spots. Anteclypeus entirely black. Postclypeus largely black with a central pale yellow stripe in its lower margin and a pair of small rounded spots on either side. Top of frons with a very broad yellow stripe. Vertex black with paired crescent tubercles behind lateral ocelli. Occiput with hind margin straight, fringed with long setae. Thorax. Generally black with pale yellow markings (Figs. 2, 34–35). Prothorax with a pair of pale lateral spots on middle lobe. Synthorax with mesothoracic collar interrupted at mid point, dorsal stripes connecting with collar stripes forming two 7 -shape stripes. Antehumeral stripe extends throughout mesepisternum length but isolated from its continuation on mesokatepisternum. Sides of synthorax largely pale yellow with two broad black stripes, one along interpleural suture, the other along metapleural suture, thus forming three broad yellow stripes. Mesokatepisternum and metakatepisternum with large yellow spots. Legs largely black. Coxae with yellow spots in all legs, fore leg femur with inner yellow stripes. Wings. Hyaline, venation black. Forewings: 13 antenodals above Sc and 14 below Sc; 10 (right) and 9 (left) postnodals above R 1, 10 postnodals below R 1. Hindwing: 10 antenodals above Sc, 9 antenodals below Sc; 9 postnodals above R 1, 11 below R 1. Triangles not crossed. Median space without crossvein. Anal loop one-celled. Anal triangle 3 -celled. Pterostigma brown, well braced, below covering 4.5 (left) and 3.5 (right) cells on forewings, 4 (left) and 4.5 (right) cells on hindwings. Abdomen. Black with pale marking as follows (Figs. 34–35): S 1 with a dorsal spot at posterior margin and a large spot laterally; S 2 with a dorsal stripe along carina, tapering to hind margin, and laterally with two oval pale spots fused to each other along tergite ventral margin, the proximal one including auricles; S 3–7 with a basal ring; S 8 with paired very small basal spots; S 9 with a very large spot posteriorly, not spined; S 10 black. Anal appendages black, as long as S 10. Cerci and epiproct equal in length. Cerci slightly divergent, lower margin with a subapical broadly rounded ventrolateral tubercle, situating at about 2 / 3 of cercus length and visible in dorsal and lateral view but easier to see in lateral view (Figs. 3–4). Epiproct with a deep median concavity, thus forming two lateral broadly divaricate arms, with convex inner margins and very slightly convex, almost straight outer margins (Fig. 4). Posterior hamulus broad, with a slightly convex anterior side and nearly straight apical side hence looking subrectangular, with a robust antero-apical spine (Fig. 5). Measurements (mm). Holotype male: total length 48.0, abdomen (including anal appendages) 35.0, hind wing 28.0. Differential diagnosis. This species belongs to the conventional group 3 with two parallel light stripes on the mesepisternum, the dorsal and antehumeral ones. The two complete lateral black stripes along the thoracic sutures make it similar to the Chinese species B. arvalis, B. intinctus (Needham 1930; Chao 1954, 1990), B. dentatus sp. nov., B. magnus sp. nov. (see below) and B. sivalikensis Laidlaw, 1922, the only Indian (Uttarakand and West Bengal) representative of group 3 (Fraser 1926, 1934). However, B. apricus differs from all these species in the dorsal stripe broadly confluent to the light mesothoracic collar (isolated in the three above-mentioned species). B. apricus also differs from B. arvalis and B. sivalikensis in a completely black occiput (the same in B. intinctus, B. dentatus and B. magnus); besides, B. sivalikensis has a more extended abdominal yellow pattern. Morphologically B. apricus is well characterised by a considerable ventrolateral projection of the cercus, situating at about 2 / 3 of its length, seen both from lateral and dorsal view, while B. intinctus (Figs. 6–7) and B. magnus have at this place a weaker and more medially situated swelling seen only in lateral view but not from above. Besides, in B. apricus the inner sides of its arms are somewhat convex, well seen from above (Chao 1954), while B. arvalis, B. intinctus, B. sivalikensis, B. dentatus and B. magnus have an even incision of the epiproct (but much deeper in B. magnus). B. apricus has a much shorter and less processed appendages than B. dentatus In B. apricus (and B. intinctus) the apices of cerci and epiproct arms protrude for the same distance, while in B. sivalikensis, B. dentatus and B. magnus the cerci are more protruding behind the epiproct arms. B. sivalikensis and the below-described B. dentatus best differ from B. apricus by a strong tooth instead of an oblong rounded swelling of their cerci. Because of the dorsal stripe fused to the mesothoracic collar, an attempt to apply the key for Burmagomphus provided by Chao (1990) for B. apricus would result in its identification as B. corniger (Morton 1928), also described from Yunnan. However, this species appeared to in fact belong to another genus and is presently considered as Asiagomphus corniger (Yang & Davies 1993). Its differences from B. apricus are obvious in the hamuli shape and the cercus and epiproct outline (Chao 1990). Habitat. The holotype male was collected near the main stream in the Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve. This stream was very long and flowing to deep forest, about 1.5–3.0 m wide; in the dry season (November to June) the water level was very low, about 0.3 m. Not much behavior of the holotype male was observed: it was perching on a leaf in the sunshine during the noontime when the temperature was over 35 °C. The Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve is aimed to protect the tropical rainforest, and the habitats for dragonflies are very abundant there. About 170 dragonfly species have been recorded there, with many unknown species (unpublished data from the first author’s fieldwork in 2009–2014). Distribution. Currently only known from southern Yunnan province, China.

Burmagomphus latescens sp. nov. Figures 27–33, 38– 39 Etymology. latescens is a Latin adjective meaning ‘tending to hide’, ‘hiding’, given to this species as its individuals were seen to hide in bank vegetation. Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Sifangjing (23 ° 38 ’ 18 ’’N, 99 ° 12 ’ 11 ’’E), altitude 530 m,, Mengding Town, Gengma County, Lincang City, Yunnan Province, China, 19 September 2014, Hao-miao Zhang leg.; Paratype: 1 ♂, the same data. Holotype male: Head. Eyes green while alive (Figs. 38–39). Face black with pale yellow markings (Fig. 27). Labium largely pale yellow. Mandible bases pale yellow. Labrum with a pair of large oval pale spots. Anteclypeus entirely black, lower margin of postclypeus with a central yellow stripe. Lateral sides of postclypeus with big rounded spots. Top of frons with a very broad yellow stripe. Vertex black with a transverse, long, low tubercle behind lateral ocelli. Occiput black, its hind margin straight, fringed with long setae. Thorax. Generally black with pale yellow markings (Figs. 28, 38–39). Prothorax with a pale spot on each side of middle lobe. Synthorax with mesothoracic collar interrupted at mid point, dorsal stripes oblique, not connecting with collar but fused with a short and oblique antehumeral stipe, thus forming a long oblique stripe. Antehumeral spots very small. Mesepimeron and metepisternum yellow with black markings as follows: a black band along anterior margin of mesepimeron fused below to black on metacoxa and to an incomplete black band extending upwards along lateral suture between mesepimeron and metepisternum (this band occupies half of spiracle) and, dorsally, a slanting black band going from forewing base to middle of metapleural suture, leaving dorsoproximal corner of metepisternum yellow. Metepimeron largely pale yellow with a black band along metapleural suture. Mesokatepisternum and metakatepisternum largely pale. Legs largely black; coxae with yellow spots in all legs, fore leg femur with inner yellow stripes. Wings. Hyaline, venation black. Forewings: 12 antenodals above Sc and 11 below Sc; 9 (left) and 10 (right) postnodals above R 1, 10 (left) and 8 (right) postnodals below R 1. Hindwings: 9 antenodals above and below Sc; 9 (left) and 10 (right) postnodals above R 1, 11 (left) and 10 (right) below R 1. Triangles not crossed. Median space without crossvein. Anal loop one-celled. Anal triangle 3 -celled. Pterostigma pale brown, well braced, below covering 5 cells on forewings, 4 cells on hindwings. Abdomen. Black with pale markings as follows (Figs. 38–39): S 1 with a large spot laterally and a dorsal stripe near hind margin; Base of S 2 with a yellow ring covering auricles and connecting on either side with a large posterolateral spot extending over ventral half of tergite; S 3–7 with a basal spot; S 8 with a basal fine stripe dorsally; S 9 with a very small lateral spot near posterior margin; S 9 with a big dorsal trapezoid spot posteriorly and a strong posterior spine. Cerci about as long as epiproct, slightly curved outwards, tapering and finely pointed, with a small apical spine clearly seen in dorsal view (Fig. 31). Each cercus bears a long tubercle along its lower and outer margins with both ends pointed, thus forming two small teeth: a larger and more acute proximal tooth at about 2 / 5 of cercus length, visible in dorsal view, and a small but pointed distal, subapical tooth below apical spine, visible in lateral view (Figs. 31–32). The whole tubercle visible only in oblique lateral view (Fig. 33). Epiproct with a deep median concavity, thus forming two relatively long lateral diverging branches. In lateral view their tips are strongly curved upwards; in dorsal view they are broad and blunt, with a noticeably convex inner side. (Figs. 31–32). Posterior hamulus of a leaf-like shape tapering to both ends but with a strong recurved hook on apex; both its sides set with long hairs but not forming tufts (Fig. 30). Vesica spermalis dome-like, with the anterior side longer (Fig. 29). Female unknown. Variation in paratype. The very small lateral spot near the posterior margin of S 9 is missing in the paratype male. Measurements (mm). Holotype male: total length 47, abdomen (including anal appendages) 34, hind wing 27; Paratype male: total length 46, abdomen (including anal appendages) 33, hind wing 27. Differential diagnosis. This species belongs to the conventional group 1, with the dorsal and antehumeral stripes fused into a single kinked stripe. This heterogeneous group is the richest in species, mostly ranging in Southeast Asia. The most unusual character of B. latescens is a slender posterior hamulus with a smoothly tapering and pointed apex. The similar hamulus is found in Burmagomphus pyramidalis Laidlaw, 1922, widely ranging in Hindustan and Ceylon (Fraser 1926, 1934; Lieftinck 1940; Bedjanič et al. 2014). B. pyramidalis also has very similar anal appendages, with the subapical and lateral teeth on the cercus and the epiproct branches strongly upturned in lateral view. B. latescens is larger (abdomen 35 mm, hindwing 26 mm) than B. pyramidalis (abdomen ca 30 mm, hindwing 23–24 mm in males of B. pyramidalis) and has more restricted yellow pattern, namely vertex and occiput black rather than largely yellow, mesothoracic collar interrupted and yellow colour absent from sides of S 8 and S 9. The mentioned color characters are the same and the size is similar (abdomen 32 mm, hindwing 27 mm) in B. hasimaricus Fraser, 1926, described from Hasimara, West Bengal and claimed to be closely related to B. pyramidalis. However, its posterior hamulus was reported to be strongly expanded and angled distally, and the epiproct branches are not so upturned (Fraser, 1926). Benjamin Price kindly provided us photos of the lectotype (male) of B. hasimaricus kept at Natural History Museum, London (Figs 50-54). They confirmed the above mentioned details and revealed one more detail neither mentioned nor depicted by Fraser (1926): three small apical teeth on the posterior hamulus (Fig. 51), absent in both B. pyramidalis and B. latescens. We may conclude that B. latescens is related to B. pyramidalis and B. hasimaricus and shares characters of both (the posterior hamulus and appendages as in B. pyramidalis and the size and coloration as in B. hasimaricus). Habitat. The stream in the type locality was about 2–4 m wide, 30–50 cm deep, quite long, with some sections half-shaded. Marginal vegetation was rubber plantation. Individuals of this species perched on leaves close to the water and hidden in vegetation in the semi-shady section. Note that a similar behaviour was observed in the closest species B. pyramidalis: “It is a shy, jungly creature” (Fraser 1926). Distribution. Currently only known from western Yunnan province, China.

Burmagomphus gratiosus Chao, 1954 Chao 1990 (Baotaishan, Jiangle county, Fujian Province, China); Zhang 2010 (Zhangjiang River, Libo County, Guizhou Province, China); Kosterin et al. 2012 (Libo County, Guizhou Province, China). Material examined. 6 ♂, 5 ♀, Zhangjiang River in Xiaoqikong scenic spot, altitude 400 m, Libo County, Guizhou Province, China, 0 8 July 2010, Hao-miao Zhang leg.; 7 ♂, 4 ♀, the same site and collector, 0 7 June 2010. Distribution. China (Fujian and Guizhou)., Published as part of Zhang, Hao-Miao, Kosterin, Oleg E. & Cai, Qing-Hua, 2015, New species and records of Burmagomphus Williamson, 1907 (Odonata, Gomphidae) from China in Zootaxa 3999 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3999.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/238333, {"references":["Chao, H. F. (1954) [Classification of Chinese Dragonflies from the family Gomphidae (Odonata). Part II.] Acta entomologica sinica, 4, 23 - 82. [Chinese, with English summary]","Chao, H. F. (1990) The Gomphid Dragonflies of China (Odonata: Gomphidae). Science and Technology Publishing House Fuzhou, 486 pp. [Chinese, with English summary]","Zhang, H. M. (2010) The Superfamily Calopterygoidea in South China: taxonomy and distribution. Progress Report for 2009 surveys. International Dragonfly Fund Report, 26, 1 - 36."]}

Burmagomphus divaricatus Lieftinck, 1964 Figures 42���43 Burmagomphus arboreus (nec. Lieftinck 1940)��� Zhang, 2010 (Xishuangbanna, Yunnan Province, China); Yang & Davies 1993 (Gengma County, Malipo County, Monghai [correct spelling Menghai] County, Yipinglang and Jiangcheng County, Yunnan Province, China). Material examined. 1 ♂, Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve (21 �� 57 ��� 59 ������N, 101 �� 12 ��� 37 ������E), altitude 630 m, Menglun Town, Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China, 0 1 June 2013, Hao-miao Zhang leg.; 1 ♀, the same site and collector, 0 2 June 2013; 1 ♂, the same site and collector, 0 4 October 2014; 1 ♂, Boliehe River, Zhenyuan County, Puer City, Yunnan Province, 0 1 October 2014, Hao-miao Zhang leg.; 2 ♂, Dayingjiang River, Yinjiang County, Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province, China, 0 1 July 2014; 1 ♂, 3 ♀, the same site and collector, 0 2 July 2014. The species was first recorded from China by Yang & Davies (1993), and it is now confirmed to be widely distributed in Yunnan Province. Females of this species possess two pairs of spines behind the lateral ocelli. The five males collected lack additional denticles on the posterior angle of the posterior hamulus, specific to B. arboreus and occurring in B. divaricatus in East Cambodia (Kosterin 2014 and in prep.). Only one of these males has a clear spine on S 9, claimed to be diagnostic by the describer (Lieftinck 1964) but appeared variable in males from Laos (Asahina 1977) and Cambodia (Kosterin 2014). Distribution. China (Yunnan: Xishuangbanna, Puer, Dehong), Thailand (H��m��l��inen & Pinratana 1999), Cambodia (Kosterin 2012, 2014), Laos (Asahina 1977), South Vietnam (Karube 2014) and Malay Peninsula (Lieftinck 1964)., Published as part of Zhang, Hao-Miao, Kosterin, Oleg E. & Cai, Qing-Hua, 2015, New species and records of Burmagomphus Williamson, 1907 (Odonata, Gomphidae) from China in Zootaxa 3999 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3999.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/238333, {"references":["Lieftinck, M. A. (1964) Some Gomphidae and their larvae, chiefly from the Malay Peninsula (Odonata). Zoologische Verhandelingen, 69, 3 - 38.","Lieftinck, M. A. (1940) On some Odonata collected in Ceylon, with description of new species and larvae. Ceylon Journal of Science, 22, 117.","Zhang, H. M. (2010) The Superfamily Calopterygoidea in South China: taxonomy and distribution. Progress Report for 2009 surveys. International Dragonfly Fund Report, 26, 1 - 36.","Yang, B., & Davies, D. A. L. (1993) Gomphid dragonflies of Yunnan, China, with descriptions of new species and some views on the origin of the group (Anisoptera: Gomphidae). Odonatologica, 22 (1), 45 - 62.","Kosterin, O. E. (2014) Notes on infraspecific variation of some Gomphidae (Odonata) species in Cambodia. International Dragonfly Fund Report, 68, 1 - 16.","Asahina, S. (1977) On a small collection of the Odonata from Laos. Kontyu, 45, 165 - 184.","Hamalainen, M. & Pinratana, A. (1999) Atlas of the Dragonflies of Thailand. Distribution maps by provinces. Brothers of St. Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok, 176 pp."]}

Burmagomphus dentatus sp. nov. Figures 19–26, 37 Burmagomphus sp.— Zhang 2011 (Zhangjiang River, Libo County, Guizhou Province, China) Etymology. dentatus is a Latin adjective meaning ‘with teeth’; this epithet was applied because of characteristic teeth on the cerci. Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Zhangjiang River in Xiaoqikong scenic spot (25 ° 15 ’06’’N, 107 ° 44 ’ 37 ’’E), altitude 410 m, Libo County, Guizhou Province, China, 0 8 July 2010, Hao-miao Zhang leg.; Paratypes: 1 ♂, same data as holotype male; 1 ♂, 2 ♀, same site and collector, 0 7 June 2010. Holotype male: Head. Eyes green while alive (Fig. 37). Face black with pale yellow markings (Fig. 19). Labium largely pale yellow, anterior margin of middle lobe black. Mandible bases pale yellow. Labrum with a pair of very large oval pale spots. Anteclypeus entirely black, lower margin of postclypeus with a central yellow stripe. Top of frons with a very broad yellow stripe. Vertex black with paired crescent tubercles behind lateral ocelli. Occiput black, with hind margin straight, fringed with long setae. Thorax. Generally black with pale yellow markings (Fig. 20). Prothorax with a pale spot on each side of middle lobe. Synthorax with mesothoracic collar interrupted at mid point, dorsal stripes not connecting with collar stripes. Antehumeral stripe extends throughout mesepisternum length but finely interrupted at its lower end. Sides of synthorax largely pale yellow with two broad black stripes, one along interpleural suture, the other along metapleural suture, thus forming three broad yellow stripes. Mesokatepisternum and metakatepisternum with large yellow spots. Legs largely black. Coxae with yellow spots in all legs, fore leg femur with inner yellow stripes. Wings. Hyaline, venation black. Forewings: 13 antenodals above and below Sc; 11 (left) and 9 (right) postnodals above R 1, 11 (left) and 12 (right) postnodals below R 1. Hindwings: 10 (left) and 9 (right) antenodals above Sc, 8 (left) and 10 (right) antenodals below Sc; 9 postnodals above R 1, 12 below R 1. Triangles not crossed. Median space without crossvein. Anal loop one-celled. Anal triangle 3 -celled. Pterostigma brown, well braced, below covering 3 (left) and 4 (right) cells on forewings, 4 cells on hindwings. Abdomen. Black with pale marking as follows (Fig. 37): S 1 with a large spot laterally and a dorsal spot connecting with dorsal spot in basal half of S 2; sides of S 2 with two oval pale spots, proximal one including auricles; S 3–7 with a basal ring; S 9 with a very large dorsal spot posteriorly; S 10 and anal appendages black, without a spine. Cerci slightly longer than epiproct and S 10, tapering and finely pointed, with a tuft of setae at apex, converging in dorsal view (Fig. 21). In lateral view, cercus slightly curved, its lower margin with a large blunt median tooth directed downwards; cercus apex kinked up and very narrow (Fig. 22). Epiproct with a deep median concavity, thus forming two relatively long lateral diverging branches, in lateral view their tips slightly curved upwards (Figs. 21–22). Posterior hamulus rather narrow at base and very strongly broadening apically, with posterior and apical sides nearly straight, forming a prominent, acute but rounded angle, and a convex anterior side; postero-apical spine very broad, tooth-like (Fig. 23). Female: Head and thorax color pattern similar to male (Figs. 24–25), vertex with two parallel horns behind and centrally of lateral ocelli (Fig. 24). Wing bases slightly tinted with amber. Abdomen with a big yellow spot on either side of S 1 and S 2. S 1 with a dorsal spot connecting with dorsal spot in basal 2 / 3 of S 2; S 3–7 with a basal ring; S 3 also with an additional small lateral spot; S 9 and S 10 with dorsal spots posteriorly. Vulvar lamina shown in Fig. 26 Variation in paratypes. In one paratype male the middle lobe of labium is largely black with a small yellow spot, and the size of paired spots on labrum varies. Measurements (mm). Holotype male: total length 49.0, abdomen (including anal appendages) 37.0, hind wing 28.5; Paratype: males: total length 52.0–53.0, abdomen (including anal appendages) 38.0–40.0, hind wing 29.5–30.0; females: total length 51.0–52.0, abdomen (including anal appendages) 39.0–40.0, hind wing 31.0–33.0. Differential diagnosis. This species also belongs to the conventional group 3 with two parallel light stripes on the mesepisternum. The two complete lateral black stripes along the thoracic sutures make it similar to B. arvalis, B. intinctus (Needham 1930; Chao 1954, 1990), B. apricus, B. magnus (see above) and B. sivalikensis (Fraser 1926, 1934). However, B. dentatus differs well from all species of group 3 but B. sivalikensis in having a strong blunt submedian tooth on the cercus. However, in B. sivalikensis this tooth occupies the lateral position in contrast to B. dentatus, where its position is ventral. Besides, B. sivalikensis has very different male secondary genitalia, with the posterior hamulus narrower and bearing a long pointed process and the vesica spermalis with a peculiar concave posterior margin (Fraser 1926). In B. dentatus, the secondary genitalia exhibit no specific features and are similar to those in most of the group 3 species. In addition, B. dentatus has a black occiput (greenish white in B. sivalikensis) and a less expressed abdominal yellow marking. The ventral cercal tooth in B. intinctus (fig. 7) is scarcely expressed, and the general shape of the appendages is very dissimilar. Female of B. dentatus is similar to female of B. magnus but has the pair of vertex horns set more closely to each other, so that their bases do not extend as wide as the lateral ocelli, while their apices are upright in parallel. Female of B. intinctus differs well from both above mentioned species by a pair of double short horns behind each lateral ocellus, widely separated by a long transverse vertex ridge (Fig. 9). Habitat. The type locality, the Zhangjiang River was very wide and deep. The section where the type series was collected was about 30 m wide and about 0.3–0.5 m deep at the banks; the bank vegetation was thick. During fieldwork in the beginning of June 2010, thousands of gomphids were emerging, including B. dentatus, B. gratiosus and B. sowerbyi. No fully mature individuals of these three species were found. During fieldwork in the beginning of July 2010, many mature individuals of both sexes were collected in trees near the river bank; they perched on leaves about 3–5m above ground. All three species were collected at the same tree, B. gratiosus most common, while B. dentatus and B. sowerbyi were rarer. Distribution. Currently only known from southern Guizhou province, China.

Zhang, Hao-Miao, Kosterin, Oleg E., Cai, Qing-Hua (2015): New species and records of Burmagomphus Williamson, 1907 (Odonata, Gomphidae) from China. Zootaxa 3999 (1), DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3999.1.4

Burmagomphus sowerbyi (Needham, 1930) Chao 1990 (Fujian, Guangxi, Jiangsu, Hunan and Henan Provinces, China); Zhang 2010 (Zhangjiang River, Libo County, Guizhou Province) Material examined. 2 ♂, 2 ♀, Zhangjiang River in Xiaoqikong scenic spot, altitude 400 m, Libo County, Guizhou Province, China, 0 8 July 2010, Hao-miao Zhang leg.; 1 ♂, 2 ♀, the same site and collector, 0 7 June 2010. Distribution. China (Fujian, Guangxi, Jiangsu, Hunan, Henan and Guizhou)., Published as part of Zhang, Hao-Miao, Kosterin, Oleg E. & Cai, Qing-Hua, 2015, New species and records of Burmagomphus Williamson, 1907 (Odonata, Gomphidae) from China in Zootaxa 3999 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3999.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/238333, {"references":["Needham, J. G. (1930) A Manual of the Dragonflies of China. The Fan Memorial Institute of Biology, Peiping, 344 pp.","Chao, H. F. (1990) The Gomphid Dragonflies of China (Odonata: Gomphidae). Science and Technology Publishing House Fuzhou, 486 pp. [Chinese, with English summary]","Zhang, H. M. (2010) The Superfamily Calopterygoidea in South China: taxonomy and distribution. Progress Report for 2009 surveys. International Dragonfly Fund Report, 26, 1 - 36."]}

Burmagomphus magnus sp. nov. Figures 11���18, 36 Etymology. magnus is a Latin adjective meaning ���big���, chosen because the species described is among the largest in its genus. Material examined. Holotype: ♂, Huayudong (22 �� 40 ��� 20 ������N, 103 �� 56 ��� 16 ������E), altitude 150 m, Nanxi Town, Hekou County, Hani-Yi Autonomous Prefecture of Honghe, Yunnan Province, China, 0 5 May 2010, Hao-miao Zhang leg.; Paratypes: 4 ♂, same data as holotype; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same site and collector, 0 3 May 2014; 1 ♂, same site and collector, 0 4 May 2014; 1 ♂, same site and collector, 0 8 May 2014; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, same site and collector, 11 May 2014. Holotype male: Head. Eyes green while alive (Fig. 36). Face black with pale yellow markings (Fig. 11). Labium largely pale yellow. Mandible bases pale yellow. Labrum with a pair of very large oval pale spots. Anteclypeus entirely black. Postclypeus almost black with a short and fine stripe on lower margin centrally and very small rounded spots on either side. Top of frons with a very broad yellow stripe. Vertex black with paired tubercles behind and centrally of lateral ocelli. Occiput black, with hind margin straight, fringed with long setae. Thorax. Generally black with pale yellow markings (Figs 12, 36). Prothorax with two pale spots on each side of middle lobe. Synthorax with mesothoracic collar interrupted at mid point, dorsal stripes not connecting with collar stripes. Antehumeral stripe extends throughout mesepisternum length but isolated from its continuation on mesokatepisternum. Sides of synthorax largely pale yellow with two broad black stripes, one along the interpleural sutre, the other along the metapleural suture, thus forming three broad yellow stripes. Mesokatepisternum and metakatepisternum with large yellow spots. Legs largely black. Coxae with yellow spots in all legs, and fore leg femur with inner yellow stripes. Wings. Hyaline, venation black. Forewings: 13 (left) and 15 (right) antenodals above Sc and 14 (left) and 13 (right) antenodals below Sc; 12 (left) and 13 (right) postnodals above R 1, 11 (left) and 13 (right) postnodals below R 1. Hindwing: 10 antenodals above Sc, 9 antenodals below Sc; 10 (left) and 11 (right) postnodals above R 1, 14 (left) and 13 (right) below R 1. Triangles not crossed. Median space without crossvein. Anal loop one-celled. Anal triangle 3 -celled. Pterostigma brown, well braced, below covering 3 (left) and 4 (right) cells on forewings, 4 cells on hindwings. Abdomen. Black with pale marking as follows (Fig. 36): S 1 with a large spot laterally and a dorsal spot connecting with dorsal spot in basal half of S 2; sides of S 2 with two oval pale spots, proximal one including auricles; S 3���7 with basal spots; S 9 with a very large dorsal spot posteriorly, without a spine; S 10 and anal appendages black. Cerci of about same length as S 10 but longer than epiproct, in dorsal view tapering and almost parallel, but apical 1 / 4 slightly curved outwards (Fig. 13); when viewed laterally, lower margin with a short rounded swelling at about 2 / 3 of cercus length (Fig. 14). Epiproct with a deep and very even median concavity, thus forming two divergent branches with convex outer margins, in lateral view their tips slightly curved upwards. Posterior hamulus relatively narrow at base and strongly broadening apically, with its anterior side convex in apical half and posterior and apical sides straight forming an extended, acute but rounded angle; antero-apical spine strong, straight and rather long (Fig. 15). Female: Head and thorax color pattern similar to male (Figs. 16���17), vertex with two long and slightly curved divergent horns behind lateral ocelli (Fig. 16). Wing bases slightly tinted with amber. Abdomen with a big yellow spot on either side of S 1 and S 2. S 1 with a dorsal spot connecting with dorsal spot in basal 2 / 3 of S 2; S 3���7 with a basal ring; S 9 with a large semicircular dorsal spot with uneven margins posteriorly; S 10 with three small semicircular spots along posterior margins. Vulvar lamina shown in Fig. 18. Variation in paratypes. Most male paratypes possess smaller yellow spots on S 10, and the yellow paired stripes on labrum are narrower. Measurements (mm). Holotype male: total length 53.0, abdomen (including anal appendages) 39.0, hind wing 31.5; Paratype: males: total length 50.0���53.0, abdomen (including anal appendages) 37.0���40.0, hind wing 29.5���31.5; females: total length 51.0���52.0, abdomen (including anal appendages) 38.5���39.0, hind wing 33.5���34.0. Differential diagnosis. B. magnus is close to B. intinctus and differs from it by: (i) longer and tapering cerci, extending caudally beyond the epiproct arms (more evenly thick and extending to a level with the epiproct arms in B. intinctus, figs. 6���7); (ii) the cercus ventral swelling long and rounded (tooth-like in B. intinctus, fig. 7); (iii) the cerci apices more processed in lateral view and slightly divaricate in dorsal view (with shorter, blunt and straight apices in B. intinctus, figs. 6���7); (iv) epiproct arms with convex outer margins in dorsal view (nearly straight in B. intinctus, fig. 6) and with apices not hooked inward in dorsal view and up in apical view as in B. intinctus (figs. 6��� 7). From B. arvalis, B. magnus well differentiated by completely black occiput without a light spot. B. magnus is much larger (male abdomen 37���40 mm; male hindwing 29.5���31.5 mm) than B. arvalis and B. apricus but approaches B. intinctus (male abdomen 36.5 mm, male hindwing 31���32 mm) in size. Female of B. magnus is similar to female of B. dentatus but has the pair of vertex horns set more widely apart from each other, so that their bases are disposed behind the lateral ocelli and set wider than the occiput, with their apices divergent. Female of B. intinctus well differentiated from both above-mentioned species by a pair of double short horns behind each lateral ocellus, widely separated by a long transverse vertex ridge (Fig. 9). Habitat. The habitat for this species was a lowland river. In some section the river was wide and deep, and males of B. magnus were found at sandy beach. Some other sections of the river were much narrower, with a lot of big boulders and rocks, and a great number of males were found perching on them. The males held their territory and perched for a long time, but they sometimes patrolled a short distance. Males were found during the daytime from 09:00 to 17:00 but absent during noontime, when the females appeared for laying eggs. Distribution. Currently known only from eastern Yunnan province, China., Published as part of Zhang, Hao-Miao, Kosterin, Oleg E. & Cai, Qing-Hua, 2015, New species and records of Burmagomphus Williamson, 1907 (Odonata, Gomphidae) from China in Zootaxa 3999 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3999.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/238333

Chloropetalia selysi (Fraser, 1929) Figures 25���26 Material examined. 1 ♀, Maoshijiang River in Cangshan National Nature Reserve (25.7231 ��N, 100.0019 ��E), altitude 2087 m, Yangbi County, Bai Autonomous Prefecture of Dali, Yunnan Province, China, Haomiao Zhang leg., 13. VI. 2013. Notes. The female was collected while foraging (Figs. 25���26); several males were also observed flying very high but could not be captured. The Odonata fauna of northwestern Yunnan is very poorly studied, and there are many high mountains in this area. The Cangshan Mountains are very rich in Odonata, with an abundance of aquatic habitats, although the average altitude is over 2000 m. The female of this species was described and illustrated by Karube (2002), and the Yunnan female matches well the specimens from north India. This female specimen is very valuable, as it gives a better understanding of the species composition from this region. A male specimen would be very useful to further identification of the species from Chinese territory. Distribution. China (Bai Autonomous Prefecture of Dali, Yunnan Province) and India., Published as part of Zhang, Hao-Miao & Cai, Qing-Hua, 2014, Description of Chlorogomphus auripennis spec. nov. from Guangdong Province, with new records of Chlorogomphidae from Yunnan Province, China (Odonata: Chlorogomphidae), pp. 477-486 in Zootaxa 3790 (3) on page 485, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3790.3.6, http://zenodo.org/record/227921, {"references":["Fraser, F. C. (1929) A revision of the Fissilabioides (Cordulegasteridae, Petaliidae and Petaluridae) (Order Odonata). Part I. - Cordulegasteridae. Memoirs of the Indian Museum, 9 (3), 69 - 167.","Karube, H. (2002) Watanabeopetalia gen. nov., a new genus of the dragonflies (Odonata, Cordulegastridae, Chlorogomphinae). Special Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Coleopterology, Tokyo, 5, 67 - 85."]}