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Fe3O4@PVA microcapsule catalyst with dissolution as trigger condition was synthesized by utilizing nano Fe3O4 catalyst as core material and water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol as shell material. The microcapsule catalyst was loaded in poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA) membrane to prepare the freshwater/seawater degradable Fe3O4@PVA/PLGA composite films.Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) particle size distribution were used to test the morphology of Fe3O4@PVA. The shell thickness of Fe3O4@PVA core-shell particles is 2-3 nm. The structural characteristics, magnetic and mechanical properties of Fe3O4@PVA core-shell particles and Fe3O4@PVA/PLGA composite membrane were determined by FTIR, XPS, TG, VSM and electronic universal material tests. The degradation properties of Fe3O4@PVA/PLGA composite films in freshwater, seawater, air, darkness and low temperature environments were discussed. The results show that the maximum degradation ratio of Fe3O4@PVA/PLGA composite films is 97.79% at 120 days in seawater and 99.75% at 120 days in freshwater. Fe3O4@PVA/PLGA composite films are degraded in the seawater and the mass average molecular weight decreases from 28440 to 1396.

Hypocotyl elongation is dramatically influenced by environmental factors and phytohormones. Indole‐3‐acetic acid (IAA) plays a prominent role in hypocotyl elongation, whereas abscisic acid (ABA) is regarded as an inhibitor through repressing IAA synthesis and signalling. However, the regulatory role of ABA in local IAA deactivation remains largely uncharacterized. In this study, we confirmed the antagonistic interplay of ABA and IAA during the hypocotyl elongation of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings. We identified an IAA oxidase enzyme DIOXYGENASE FOR AUXIN OXIDATION2 (SlDAO2), and its expression was induced by both external and internal ABA signals in tomato hypocotyls. Moreover, the overexpression of SlDAO2 led to a reduced sensitivity to IAA, and the knockout of SlDAO2 alleviated the inhibitory effect of ABA on hypocotyl elongation. Furthermore, an ABA‐responsive regulatory SlAREB1/SlABI3‐1/SlABI5 cascade was identified to act upstream of SlDAO2 and to precisely control its expression. SlAREB1 directly bound to the ABRE present in the SlDAO2 promoter to activate SlDAO2 expression, and SlABI3‐1 enhanced while SlABI5 inhibited the activation ability of SlAREB1 by directly interacting with SlAREB1. Our findings revealed that ABA might induce local IAA oxidation and deactivation via SlDAO2 to modulate IAA homoeostasis and thereby repress hypocotyl elongation in tomato. Summary statement: We found that ABA regulates expression of IAA oxidase gene SlDAO2 via the AREB1/ABI3‐1/ABI5 transcription factor cascade, and thereby modulating IAA homeostasis and inhibiting hypocotyl elongation in tomato seedlings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To explore whether sense of mastery can mediate the relationship between social support and illness perception in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who were at the "Blanking Period." Design: A cross‐sectional design. Methods: 405 patients with AF who were at the "Blanking Period" in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were recruited; they completed a set of questionnaires, including the Perceived Social Support Scale, the Personal Mastery Scale and the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire. Results: Social support and sense of mastery were both adversely connected to illness perception. The indirect effect of social support on illness perception through sense of mastery was negative, accounting for 86.04% of the total effect. Conclusion: During the "Blanking Period," better social support and sense of mastery contribute to a positive illness perception of AF patients. Social support also can influence patients' illness perception indirectly via the mediator of sense of mastery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Equilibrium geometries, relative stabilities, electronic stabilities and magnetic properties of CoSn ( = 1-12) clusters have been systematically investigated by using relativistic all-electron density functional theory with generalized gradient approximation. The results indicated that the lowest-energy structures of CoSn ( = 1-5, 7, 9 and 10) clusters are similar to those of corresponding Co clusters. As for Co6Sn, Co8Sn, CoSn and CoSn clusters, the most stable structures give rise to a geometry reconstruction. In the low-lying structures of CoSn ( = 1-12) clusters, tin impurity prefers to occupy the external site. The second-order difference energy of the ground-state CoSn ( = 1-12) clusters shows a pronounced odd-even oscillation with the number of Co atoms, and the clusters exhibit higher stability at = 5. Compared with corresponding pure Co clusters, the total magnetic moment of the CoSn clusters reduces with 1, 3 and 5 , respectively. The different magnetic changes of the tin doped Co clusters are analyzed in detail based on the magnetism coupling, density of state and hybridization between cobalt and tin atoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The non-rigid registration is one of the most important research areas for various medical image analysis tasks and applications. This paper proposed a novel non-rigid image registration algorithm based on the traditional local afine transformation model. In order to protect the image local detaiis and edges, it used an adaptive nonlinear regularization term which took into account the regional statistical intensity information and the magnitude characteristic of the Chebyshev low pass filter. In the framework of the multi-resolution layered refining and coarse-to-fine warping strategy, the proposed algorithm achieved good performance in the registration of mono-modality medical images with relative larger deformations and the fine registration of multi-modality images with intensity variations which couldn't be processed by traditional algorithms. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is effective for non-rigid medical image registration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study investigated the effects of ligustrazine hydrochloride(LH)-Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma(SM) before and after compatibility on the pharmacokinetics of acute myocardial ischemia(AMI) rats and revealed the mechanism of pharmacokinetic changes from the perspective of metabolic enzymes. AMI rats underwent single injection of SM Glucose Injection, LH Glucose Injection, and LH-SM Glucose Injection in the caudal vein, respectively(3.78 mg·kg~(-1) salvianic acid, 0.049 mg·kg~(-1) rosmarinic acid, and 13.68 mg·kg~(-1) ligustrazine). Blood samples were collected from the orbital venous plexus at different time points, and the liver of the rats was removed after the last blood sampling. The plasma concentrations of salvianic acid, rosmarinic acid, and ligustrazine were detected by UPLC-MS/MS. Western blot was used to detect the protein expression of CYP1 A2, CYP2 C11, CYP2 C19, CYP2 D4, CYP2 E1, and CYP3 A2 in the liver of rats in each group. As revealed by the pharmacokinetic results, compared with the LH Glucose Injection group, the LH-SM Glucose Injection group showed a downward trend of T_(1/2) of ligustrazine in AMI rats and decreased AUC(P<0.05). Compared with the SM Glucose Injection, there were no significant differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters of salvianic acid and rosmarinic acid in the LH-SM Glucose Injection group. Protein expression results showed that the expression levels of CYP1 A2, CYP2 C11, CYP2 D4, CYP2 E1, and CYP3 A2 in the LH-SM Glucose Injection group increased(P<0.05) and the expression level of CYP2 C19 decreased(P<0.05) compared with those in the LH Glucose Injection group. CYP1 A2, CYP2 C11, and CYP3 A2 are isoenzymes involved in ligustrazine Ⅰ metabolism. When LH and SM were used in combination, the expression of these three enzymes increased, which changed the pharmacokinetic process in rats and accelerated the metabolism of ligustrazine.

The study investigated the difference of intestinal absorption characteristics of root tuber of Cynanchum auriculatum extract between normal and functional dyspepsia(FD) model rats with everted intestine sac model.The content of syringic acid, scopoletin, caudatin, baishouwu benzophenone, qingyangshengenin and deacyhmetaplexigenin in the C.auriculatum extract in different intestinal segments was detected by UPLC-MS/MS.The cumulative absorption amount(Q) and absorption rate constant(K_a) of the six chemical constituents were calculated.The results showed that the six components could be absorbed into the intestinal sac and were unsaturated, which indicated that the absorption mechanism of scopoletin was active transport in the intestine, while that of the other five components were passive diffusion.For normal group, the syringic acid and baishouwu benzophenone in ileum, qingyangshengenin and deacyhmetaplexigenin in ileum and duodenum, and caudatin in colon were well absorbed and scopoletin at low, medium and high concentrations was found excellent absorption in jejunum, ileum, and colon, respectively.Whereas the best absorption site of each component was ileum in model group.The absorption characteristics of each component between normal group and model group were complex at different concentrations, showing inconsistent tendency of absorption, which suggested that the components of root tuber of C.auriculatum extract were selectively absorbed in small intestine, and the absorption characteristics of the six components could be changed under FD status.This study provided theoretical basis for the clinical drug application and development of root tuber of C.auriculatum.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the stress distribution of the mandibular first molar with different thicknesses and heights of the axial wall restored by the endocrown with two marginal designs and thus provide a theoretical basis for selecting clinical preparation through the finite-element method., Methods: Two marginal endocrowns of the mandibular first molar with different axial-wall thicknesses (t=1, 2, 3 mm) and heights (h=2, 3, 4 mm) were established. Group A was the butt-joint design, whereas group B was the shoulder-surrounded design. After applying vertical and oblique loads , the size and distribution of the maximum principal stress and equivalent stress of residual tooth tissue were recorded., Results: The maximum principal stress and equivalent stress distribution of residual tooth tissue were similar among different models. Group A showed a lower maximum principal stress and equivalent stress than group B at the same thickness and height under vertical load. Meanwhile, under oblique load, the maximum principal stress values of groups A and B decreased with increased thickness at constant height. Group A showed lower equivalent stress than group B at the same thickness and height of 2 and 
3 mm. However, when the height was 4 mm, the trend was reversed., Conclusions: In mastication, when bearing the vertical force, the retention of the butt-joint marginal endocrown preferred to the shoulder-surrounded one. Given the higher axial wall of the shoulder-surrounded marginal endocrown, it showed better ability to bear the oblique force than the butt-joint one.

Objective: To screen the genes with significant changes in DNA methylation level in active tuberculosis patients, we used the methylation chips and expanded the sample size to verify candidate genes., Methods: ① This study enrolled 9 cases of active tuberculosis patients, 3 cases of latent tuberculosis patients and 3 cases of healthy controls whose age and gender were all matched. Genome DNA was extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cell in blood samples collected from these candidates, and bisulfite conversion treatment was then conducted. After hybridization with the Illumina HD 450K Infinium Mehtylation BeadChip, the results were compared between patients group and control group, and GO and KEGG pathway analyses were performed to evaluate the function of differentially expressed genes. ② We further enrolled 60 cases of active tuberculosis patients and 60 cases of health controls (age-and gender-matched), DNA was extracted from their peripheral blood and also followed bisulfite conversion treatment. Pyrosequencing method was used to detect the methylation levels of candidate genes (IFNGR2, PTPN6, CRK1, ATP6V0B, WIF1, DKK1 and SFRP1) screened by gene chip., Results: Compared with healthy controls, the fragments in the patients that showed low methylation change accounted for the vast majority. Most of the methylation differential fragments (DMRs) were located in the main body region, followed by the upstream region of transcription initiation site, and the lowest DMRs distribution area was 3´UTR area. GO and Pathway analysis showed that the functions of the differentially methylated regions related genes are mainly enriched in the biological processes of the regulation of leukocyte differentiation, apoptosis, cytokine regulation and inflammatory response which are closely related to tuberculosis. There were 32 CpG sites involved in the verified 7 tuberculosis related genes, and 16 CpG locus showed significant difference ( P <0.05), they were distributed in 6 genes: PTPN6, WIF1, CRK1, SFRP1, DKK1 and IFNGR2. Of these genes with significant difference, PTPN6 genes showed hypermethylation status and WIF1, CRK1, SFRP1, DKK1 and IFNGR2 genes exhibited demethylation status in the patients group compared to the health controls. SFRP1 and CRK-1 mRNA up-regulated in the patients group compared with health controls., Conclusion: In the course of MTB infection, the methylation status of genomic DNA is altered, and most of the differentially methylated regions (DMRs) are showed status of demethylation. The expressions of SFRP1 and CRK-1 gene up-regulate in tuberculosis infection., (Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Science Edition).)

Objective: To screen and identify the gene of DNA methylation in patients with active tuberculosis., Methods: ① This study enrolled 9 cases of active tuberculosis patients (including 3 newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients and 6 cases of retreatment of active tuberculosis patients), 3 cases of latent tuberculosis patients and 3 cases of healthy controls. Genome DNA was extracted from Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell and following bisulfite conversion treatment. After hybridization with the Illumina HD 450K Infinium Mehtylation BeadChip, the results were compared between patients group and control group, GO and Pathway analysis were performed to evaluate the function of differentially expressed genes; ② We further enrolled 60 cases of active tuberculosis patients and 60 cases of health controls (their age and gender were matched). By using pyrosequencing method to detect the methylation levels of candidate genes (TLR1, TLR2, TLR4) screened by gene chip., Results: ① Compared with healthy controls, we found that most of them were showed demethylation status. GO and Pathway analysis showed that the functions of the differentially methylated regions related genes were mainly enriched in the biological processes of the regulation of leukocyte apoptosis, cytokine regulation and inflammatory response which were closely related to tuberculosis. ②There were 10 CpG sites involved in the verified tuberculosis related genes (TLR1, TLR2, TLR4) , the CpG sites of TLR1 gene showed the hypermethylation status ( P <0.001), the CpG sites of TLR4 gene showed demethylation status ( P =0.012)., Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that in the course of MTB infection, the methylation status of genomic DNA was altered, and most of the Differentially Methylated Regions (DMRs) were showed status of demethylation. TLR1 gene and TLR4 gene may play an important role in the occurrence and development of tuberculosis., (Copyright© by Editorial Board of Journal of Sichuan University (Medical Science Edition).)

Objectives: To determine the correlation between gene polymorphisms in Wnt signal pathway and susceptibility of Chinese Tibetan people to tuberculosis., Methods: A total of 488 active tuberculosis patients and 454 healthy subjects(control) were enrolled in this case-control study.Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in Wnt signal pathway (rs4135385 in CTNNB1 gene,rs11001553 in DKK1 gene,rs56900803 in WIF1 gene,rs7832767 in SFRP1 gene and rs11079571 in AXIN2 gene) were genotyped using MassARRAY method.The genotype and allele distributions of these loci were determined using SPSS19.0 and SNP stats software.Significant SNPs were measured in the co-dominant,dominant and recessive genetic models.The polymorphism distributions of Chinese Tibetans were compared with those of Chinese Han populations., Results: The genotype distributions of all SNPs coincided with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the 2 groups.The frequencies of genotype and allele of rs7832767 in SFRP1 gene were significantly different ( P =0.004,0.002,respectively) between the Tibetan patients with tuberculosis and the Tibetan healthy controls.Compared with C allele carriers,those carrying T allele of rs7832767 showed increased risk of tuberculosis [odds ratio ( OR )=1.260,95% confidence interval ( CI ):1.086-1.471, P =0.002].The co-dominant,dominant and recessive models of this locus were also associated with higher risk of tuberculosis.No significant differences in genotype and allele distributions were observed for the other four SNP loci ( P all>0.05).The distribution of rs4135385 in CTNNB1 gene in the Chinese Tibetan population differed from the Han population ( P =0.035 for genotype,0.021 for allele).There were no obvious differences in genotype and allele distributions for the other four SNPs between the Tibetan and Han populations ( P all >0.05)., Conclusions: SFRP1 gene polymorphism in Wnt signal pathway is associated with tuberculosis susceptibility in Chinese Tibetan population.The distribution of CTNNB1 gene polymorphism differs between Chinese Tibetan and Han populations.

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C(26)H(28)BrN, contains two independent mol-ecules in which the carbazole rings are almost planar, with r.m.s. deviations of 0.0212 (1) and 0.0229 (1) Å. The dihedral angles between the carbazole ring system and the pendent benzene ring are 60.5 (1) and 56.3 (1)° in the two mol-ecules. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked into chains along the b axis by C-H⋯π inter-actions.