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Highly active, durable, and cost‐effective electrodes for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) at ultrahigh current densities (≥1 A cm−2) are extremely demanded for industrial high‐rate hydrogen production, but challenging. Here, a robust strongly coupled Ag(S)@NiO/nickel foam (NF) electrode is reported. Taking advantage of millisecond laser direct writing in liquid nitrogen technique, lattice‐matched and coherent interfaces are formed between Ag nanoparticles with stacking faults (denoted by Ag(S)) and NiO nanosheets, leading to strong interfacial electronic coupling, not only promoting H2O adsorption and dissociation on Ni2+ but also enhancing H* adsorption on intrinsically inactive but most electrically conductive Ag. Strong chemical bonding is established at NiO/NF interface, guaranteeing rapid electron transfer and excellent mechanical durability under high‐rate hydrogen evolution. The physicochemically stable electrode achieves record‐low alkaline HER overpotential of 167 and 180 mV at 1 and 1.5 A cm−2, respectively, along with negligible activity decay after 120 h test at ≈1.5 A cm−2, surpassing reported non‐platinum group metal electrocatalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the theory of spherical filled bed, the internal porous media filter wall of the Diesel Particle Filter (DPF) is assumed to fill the filter wall of the unit cell. Since particle trapping by DPF is a dynamic process, the particle deposition characteristics inside DPF are simulated by numerical simulation in this paper. The influence of macroscopic incoming flow parameters and microstructural parameters on DPF filtration performance is investigated, and then the optimization window that can improve DPF filtration performance is explored. The results show that increasing the exhaust temperature and incoming particle concentration leads to an increase in the filtration efficiency and pressure drop of DPF, while the higher the filtration velocity, the lower the filtration efficiency of DPF. In addition, the larger the porosity, the higher the filtration efficiency and pressure drop of DPF, while the increase in the average pore size and pore size distribution range leads to a decrease of the filtration performance of DPF. On this basis, evaluation indexes that can evaluate the filtration performance of DPF are proposed to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing the substrate parameters of DPF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The gut microbiota play an important role in digestion, development, nutritional metabolism and detoxification in insects. The rice stem borer, Chilo suppressalis, is one of the most destructive rice pests and has caused serious economic losses to major rice‐producing areas of China. However, little is known about how its gut microbiota has adapted to different geographical environments. We investigated the gut microbiota of C. suppressalis populations collected from five sites in the typical areas of northern China using 16S rDNA gene sequencing on an Illumina MiSeq platform. In total, 453,853,707 reads and 1650 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in 25 gut samples of C. suppressalis were obtained. We identified 697 bacterial genera from 30 phyla, and Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the most dominant phyla. Gut bacterial richness and alpha‐diversity metrics revealed no significant differences among these populations. We detected the highest bacterial diversity in Beizhen, western Liaoning Province. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) and clustering analysis (UPGMA) showed no distinct gut microbial community structure of C. suppressalis in these regions. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) indicated that the bacterial species exhibited significant differences among the middle, northern and western regions. Finally, PICRUSt analysis demonstrated that microbial functions closely associated with the gut microbiome mainly included membrane transport, amino acid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism. Accordingly, our study provided important insights into the investigation of insect‐bacteria symbioses and evaluated gut microorganisms as biocontrol agents for this pest and other agricultural lepidopterans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Chemotherapy and/or immunotherapy are first-line treatments for advanced muscle-invasive bladder cancer (BCa), but the unsatisfactory objective response rate to these treatments yields poor 5-year patient survival. Discovery of therapeutic targets essential for BCa maintenance is critical to improve therapy response in clinic. This study evaluated the role of targeting WD repeat domain 5 (WDR5) with the small molecule compound OICR-9429 and whether it could be used to treat bladder cancer. Methods: We analysed the expression and clinical prognosis of WDR5 in a TCGA cohort. The pharmacological role of OICR-9429 was further investigated in vitro and in vivo. RNA sequencing, western blot, and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) were utilized to explored the mechanism underlying OICR-9429-induced WDR5 inhibition. Results: First, we found that WDR5 expression was upregulated in BCa and was associated with histologic grade, metastasis status, histologic subtype, and molecular subtype. High WDR5 expression level was also correlated with shorter overall survival (OS) in BCa. The WDR5 inhibitor OICR-9429 reduced cell viability by decreasing H3K4me3 levels but not WDR5 levels in T24, UM-UC-3, and TCCSUP BCa cells. OICR-9429 suppressed the proliferation of BCa cells by blocking the G1/S phase transition. Next, OICR-9429 enhanced apoptosis and chemosensitivity to cisplatin in BCa cells. In addition, OICR-9429 independently inhibited the motility and metastatic behaviour of BCa cells. In vivo experiments further revealed that OICR-9429 suppressed tumour growth, enhanced chemosensitivity, and reduced the toxicity of cisplatin in BCa. Notably, WDR5 was positively correlated with programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, and OICR-9429 suppressed immune evasion by blocking PD-L1 induced by IFN-γ. Mechanistically, some cell cycle-, antiapoptosis-, DNA repair-, metastasis-, and immune evasion-related genes, including BIRC5, XRCC2, CCNB1, CCNE2, PLK1, AURKA, FOXM1, and PD-L1 were identified to be directly regulated by OICR-9429 in a H3K4me3-dependent manner. Conclusions: Our novel finding is that the WDR5 inhibitor, OICR-9429, suppressed proliferation, metastasis and PD-L1-based immune evasion while enhancing apoptosis and chemosensitivity to cisplatin in BCa by blocking the WDR5-MLL complex mediating H3K4me3 in target genes. Hence, our findings offer insight into a multipotential anticancer compound, OICR-9429, which enhances the antitumour effect of cisplatin or immunotherapy in BCa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yttria (Y 2 O 3) is the most popular lining material for the inner walls of plasma chambers, owing to its well-known resistance against corrosion by reactive fluorinated plasma. Yttria has a relatively lower toughness and strength compared to alumina (Al 2 O 3) and zirconia (ZrO 2). The present work aims to explore the strengthening and toughening of yttria by doping with zirconia, while retaining its good corrosion resistance. Ceramics with zirconia to yttria molar ratios of 2:8 and 5:5 (named 20ZY and 50ZY, respectively) were fabricated by pressure sintering in Ar atmosphere. The corrosion of the prepared ceramics in reactive fluorinated plasma (C 4 F 8 /CHF 3 /Ar) was investigated and compared with that of yttria as a control. The results indicated that 20ZY exhibited excellent corrosion resistance, comparable to that of yttria, while the fracture toughness and flexural strength showed increases of 87% and 44%, respectively. 50ZY exhibited a further improvement in fracture toughness and flexural strength, but at the price of a much lower resistance against plasma corrosion. A percolation model was proposed to interpret the observed plasma corrosion behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sodium ion batteries based on the more sodium source reserve than that of lithium have been designed as promising alternatives to lithium ion batteries. However, several problems including unsatisfied specific capacity and serious cyclic stability must be solved before the reality. One of the effective approaches to solve the abovementioned problems is to search for suitable anode materials. In this work, we designed and prepared FeSe2 nanoflakes via a simple hydrothermal method which can be adjusted in composition by Fe precursor. As a potential anode for sodium storage, the optimized FeSe2 electrode was further evaluated in different electrolytes of NaClO4 in propylene carbonate/fluoroethylene carbonate and NaCF3SO3 in diethylene glycol dimethyl ether. The capacity was about 470 mAh g − 1 and 535 mAh g − 1 at 0.5 A g − 1 , respectively, in the voltage between 0.5 V and 2.9 V in the cycle of stabilization phase. Superior performance both in capacity and in stability was obtained in ether-based electrolyte, which affords the property without plugging the intermediates of transition metal dichalcogenides during charge/discharge processes. FeSe2 nanoflakes with high sodium storage capacity were prepared by one-step hydrothermal reaction. As a result, the optimized FeSe2 electrode exhibited a high reversible capacity of 535 mAh g–1 after 500 cycles at 500 mA g–1. The comparison of the performance in different electrolytes indicated that ether-based electrolytes could avoid the reaction with the anionic group of the charge/discharge products, leading to the superior stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three-dimensional (3D) mixed phases NiSe nanoparticles growing on the nickel foam were synthesized via a simple one-step hydrothermal method. A series of experiments were carried out to control the morphology by adjusting the amount of selenium in the synthetic reaction. Meanwhile, the as-prepared novel column-acicular structure NiSe exist three advantages including ideal electrical conductivity, high specific capacity and high cycling stability. It delivered a high capacitance of 10.8 F cm − 2 at a current density − of 5 mA cm − 2 . An electrochemical capacitor device operating at 1.6 V was then constructed using NiSe/NF and activated carbon (AC) as positive and negative electrodes. Moreover, the device showed high energy density of 31 W h kg − 1 at a power density of 0.81 kW kg − 1 , as well as good cycling stability (77% retention after 1500 cycles). Mixed phase NiSe nanomaterials on nickel foam are prepared using a simple method that can be used as electrode materials for supercapacitors without binder. The evolution of this morphology was successfully explored through regulating the quality of Se powder. The column-acicular NiSe on NF was used directly as electrode material of supercapacitor, which showed super electrochemical performance (10.8 F cm−2 at a current density of 5 mA cm−2). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The discovery of superconductivity in hole‐doped infinite‐layer nickelates has fueled intense research to identify the critical factor responsible for high‐Tc superconductivity. Magnetism and superconductivity are closely entangled, and elucidating the magnetic interactions in hole‐doped nickelates is critical for understanding the pairing mechanism. Here, these calculations based on the generalized Bloch theorem (GBT) and magnetic force theorem (MFT) consistently reveal that hole doping stabilizes an incommensurate (IC) spin state and increases the IC wave vector continuously, in a way strikingly similar to hole‐doped cuprates. Going further, a nonlinear Heisenberg model including first‐neighbor and third‐neighbor in‐plane magnetic interactions is developed. The analytical solutions successfully reproduce GBT and MFT results and reveal that the competition between the two magnetic interactions is the decisive factor for the IC magnetic transition. Eventually, by analyzing the doping‐controlled spin splitting of dx2−y2${d}_{{x}^2 - {y}^2}$ band and orbital‐contributed exchange interactions, direct links between hole doping, magnetization, exchange constants, and magnetic order are established. This discovery of the IC spin state, new understanding of its electronic origin, and establishment of direct connection with the paring dx2−y2${d}_{{x}^2 - {y}^2}$ electrons radically change the current understanding of the magnetic properties in hole‐doped NdNiO2 and open new perspectives for the superconducting mechanism in nickelates superconductors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights: Defect engineering for constructing Zn2+ reservoir to anchor anions. The quasi-solid electrolyte interphase as Zn2+ reservoir boosting charge and mass transfer for dendrite-free zinc battery. A Coulombic efficiency of 99.8% was achieved in Zn||Cu cell. The practical applications of zinc metal batteries are plagued by the dendritic propagation of its metal anodes due to the limited transfer rate of charge and mass at the electrode/electrolyte interphase. To enhance the reversibility of Zn metal, a quasi-solid interphase composed by defective metal–organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles (D-UiO-66) and two kinds of zinc salts electrolytes is fabricated on the Zn surface served as a zinc ions reservoir. Particularly, anions in the aqueous electrolytes could be spontaneously anchored onto the Lewis acidic sites in defective MOF channels. With the synergistic effect between the MOF channels and the anchored anions, Zn2+ transport is prompted significantly. Simultaneously, such quasi-solid interphase boost charge and mass transfer of Zn2+, leading to a high zinc transference number, good ionic conductivity, and high Zn2+ concentration near the anode, which mitigates Zn dendrite growth obviously. Encouragingly, unprecedented average coulombic efficiency of 99.8% is achieved in the Zn||Cu cell with the proposed quasi-solid interphase. The cycling performance of D-UiO-66@Zn||MnO2 (~ 92.9% capacity retention after 2000 cycles) and D-UiO-66@Zn||NH4V4O10 (~ 84.0% capacity retention after 800 cycles) prove the feasibility of the quasi-solid interphase. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The existence of mixed phase of Co 9 Se 8 and CoSe is the key for the successful Mo doping. • Mo doping into CoSe leads to lattice contraction and metallic feature. • The successful tuning of both crystal and electronic structure of CoSe result in enhanced electrocatalytic HER performance. Cation doping into 2D transition metal chalcogenides (TMC) is always interesting and meaningful, due to the possibilities of tuning both the crystal and electronic structures of TMCs. Herein, we used a mixed phase of CoSe/Co 9 Se 8 to facilitate the successful doping of Mo in CoSe crystal lattice. XRD, HRTEM, Raman spectroscopy and EXAFS analyses show a lattice contraction of Mo doped CoSe. Theoretical calculation confirms that Mo doping can lead to the lattice contraction of CoSe, and cause continuity shift of electron density of state toward Fermi level. We also demonstrated in this work, experimentally and theoretically, that the successful tuning of both crystal and electronic structure of CoSe upon on Mo doping leads to enhanced electrocatalytic HER performance in acidic condition. Co 0.8 Mo 0.2 Se showed the best HER activity, with only 186.1 mV overpotential needed to achieve 100 mA cm−2 current density and low Tafel slope of 58.7 mV dec-1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, sheet-like Co 9 S 8 was directly grown on Ni 3 S 2 spheres (donate as Co 9 S 8 @Ni 3 S 2) via a one-step hydrothermal synthetic approach. The structural characterization of Co 9 S 8 @Ni 3 S 2 revealed that the Co 9 S 8 nanosheets were perpendicularly arrayed on Ni 3 S 2 spheres. This heterostructure thus fixes the two-dimensional Co 9 S 8 in position on Ni 3 S 2 spheres to obtain a stable heterostructural material. Due to the strengthened morphological structure, high surface area, metallic feature of Co 9 S 8 and Ni 3 S 2 , and the synergetic effect, the Co 9 S 8 @Ni 3 S 2 showed excellent performance in sodium ion battery (SIB) anode and HER cathode. The electrochemical tests showed that Co 9 S 8 @Ni 3 S 2 can demonstrate excellent HER catalytic activity with only −0.16 ​V and −0.23 ​V overpotential needed to achieve 10 ​mA ​cm−2 and 100 ​mA ​cm−2 current density in acidic condition. Besides, Co 9 S 8 @Ni 3 S 2 heterostructure as an anode in SIB also delivered high discharge capacity of 699 ​mAh g−1 at 0.5 ​A ​g−1 current density in the first cycle, with 92% Columbic efficiency. Sheet-like Co 9 S 8 was directly grown on Ni 3 S 2 spheres (Co 9 S 8 @Ni 3 S 2) via a one-step hydrothermal synthetic approach and applied for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction and sodium ion battery anode. Image 1 • Sheet-like Co 9 S 8 was directly grown on Ni 3 S 2 spheres (Co 9 S 8 @Ni 3 S 2) via a one-step hydrothermal synthetic approach. • Co 9 S 8 @Ni 3 S 2 offers excellent performance towards electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction. • Co 9 S 8 @Ni 3 S 2 exhibits an excellent anode material in sodium ion battery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ferroelectric perovskite materials are crucial candidates for the solid-state cooling devices due to their distinguished electrocaloric effect (ECE). Here we report the coexistence of negative and positive ECE in sol–gel derived single-layer (SL) Pb(ZrxTi1–xO3 (PZT) thin films with a composition close to the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB). A negative ECE of Δ T = − 1.81 K at 135 °C and positive ECE of Δ T = 0.64 K at 40 °C under an applied electric field of 374 kV cm−1 are achieved. Such appearance of negative and positive ECE at different temperatures is attributed to the transition from rhombohedral to tetragonal phase and associated with the effect of defect dipoles in SL-PZT thin films at MPB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The metamorphic conditions of the Upper Permian Yangjiagou Formation in eastern Changchun, China, were evaluated based on the mineral assemblage, illite crystallinity, illite polytypism, the b dimension of illite, and the chemical composition of chlorite. The pelitic rocks in the Yangjiagou Formation are characterized by illite + kaolinite + chlorite ± mixed‐layer chlorite/smectite and detrital quartz + plagioclase. Illite in the formation has a crystallinity of 0.38–0.55 and comprises mixed 2M1 and 1Md polytypes, indicating a metamorphic temperature of >200°C. Based on the chemical composition of chlorite and the chlorite geothermometer, we estimated diagenetic to very low‐grade metamorphic conditions with temperatures of 185°C–204°C. The b dimension of illite varies from 8.992Å to 9.005Å. We used a mathematical algorithm to extend Guidotti and Sassi's (1986) diagram relating illite b dimension with temperature and pressure, and used this diagram, together with illite crystallinity and chlorite chemical composition, to semi‐quantitatively estimate the formation pressure at<1.2 kbar. These reveal that the Yangjiagou Formation has experienced very low‐grade metamorphism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • An edge dislocation strain-boosted Ni 3 Mo integrated electrode is developed. • Numerous edge dislocations induce remarkable coupled strain effect in Ni 3 Mo nanoparticles. • Coupled strains inhibit dissolution of Mo atoms in Ni 3 Mo during alkaline HER process. • Coupled strains simultaneously optimize the electronic structure of Ni and Mo sites. • State-of-the-art HER activity and durability in alkaline water/seawater are achieved. The development of NiMo-based electrode with superior activity and durability at high current densities to meet industrial requirements for hydrogen production in alkaline water/seawater still remains a great challenge. Herein, an edge dislocation strain-boosted Ni 3 Mo integrated electrode (D-Ni 3 Mo/NF) is reported. The remarkable coupled tensile-compressive strain effect induced by dense edge dislocations not only inhibits oxidative dissolution of Mo from Ni 3 Mo in alkaline electrolyte, but also simultaneously optimizes the electronic structure of dual active sites (Ni and Mo), which boost both durability and activity of D-Ni 3 Mo in catalyzing alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Consequently, D-Ni 3 Mo/NF only requires overpotentials as low as 15 and 232 mV to achieve 10 and 1000 mA cm−2 in 1 M KOH, respectively, and exhibits ultralong-term stability for 200 h at 500 mA cm−2, outperforming most of recently reported NiMo-based catalysts. It also shows distinguished HER activity in seawater electrolysis with superior stability at 500 mA cm−2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Current non-invasive tests have limited sensitivities and lack capabilities of pre-operative risk stratification for bladder cancer (BC) diagnosis. We aimed to develop and validate a urine-based DNA methylation assay as a clinically feasible test for improving BC detection and enabling pre-operative risk stratifications. Methods: A urine-based DNA methylation assay was developed and validated by retrospective single-center studies in patients of suspected BC in Cohort 1 (n = 192) and Cohort 2 (n = 98), respectively. In addition, a prospective single-center study in hematuria patient group (Cohort 3, n = 174) was used as a second validation of the model. Results: The assay with a dual-marker detection model showed 88.1% and 91.2% sensitivities, 89.7% and 85.7% specificities in validation Cohort 2 (patients of suspected BC) and Cohort 3 (patients of hematuria), respectively. Furthermore, this assay showed improved sensitivities over cytology and FISH on detecting low-grade tumor (66.7–77.8% vs. 0.0–22.2%, 0.0–22.2%), Ta tumor (83.3% vs. 22.2–41.2%, 44.4–52.9%) and non-muscle invasive BC (NMIBC) (80.0–89.7% vs. 51.5–52.0%, 59.4–72.0%) in both cohorts. The assay also had higher accuracies (88.9–95.8%) in diagnosing cases with concurrent genitourinary disorders as compared to cytology (55.6–70.8%) and FISH (72.2–77.8%). Meanwhile, the assay with a five-marker stratification model identified high-risk NMIBC and muscle invasive BC with 90.5% sensitivity and 86.8% specificity in Cohort 2. Conclusions: The urine-based DNA methylation assay represents a highly sensitive and specific approach for BC early-stage detection and risk stratification. It has a potential to be used as a routine test to improve diagnosis and prognosis of BC in clinic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • A novel (1- x)NN– x BAY lead-free composite ceramic system is proposed. • High energy storage performance can be obtained under a moderate electric field. • The 0.88NN–0.12BAY ceramic exhibits extremely low dielectric loss. • The 0.88NN–0.12BAY ceramic exhibits ultrahigh stability. Environmentally friendly, high-performance, lead-free dielectric ceramic capacitors are urgently required for efficient and clean energy storage devices. However, most ferroelectric capacitors require excessively high electric fields to achieve large energy storage densities. In this study, we designed and fabricated a (1- x)Na 0.98 NbO 3 – x Bi(Al 0.5 Y 0.5)O 3 (abbreviated as (1- x)NN- x BAY) composite system with different BAY doping levels using a traditional solid-state reaction method. By introducing 12 mol% BAY into nonstoichiometric NN, the polarization–electric field loop of the 0.88NN–0.12BAY ceramic became significantly slender and showed a superior relaxor behavior. Consequently, a remarkably low dielectric loss of tanδ < 0.005, high energy storage density of ∼ 4.64 J/cm3, and high efficiency of ∼ 85.98 % were simultaneously obtained in the 0.88NN–0.12BAY ceramic under a moderate electric field of 223.47 kV/cm. Furthermore, it exhibited ultrahigh stability in the temperature range of 25–200 °C and wide frequency range of 1–200 Hz, even after 108 electrical cycles. This study demonstrated a promising candidate material for energy storage devices operating under low or medium electric fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lymph node metastasis is associated with tumor relapse and poor patient prognosis in bladder cancer. However, the mechanisms by which bladder carcinoma cells induce lymphangiogenesis and further promote metastasis in the lymphatic system remain unclear. Here, we show that the transcription factor GATA‐binding factor 6 (GATA6) was substantially downregulated in bladder cancer via promoter hypermethylation. Low‐level GATA6 expression significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis positivity and was able to predict earlier relapse and shorter survival of bladder cancer. Reconstitution of GATA6 inhibited lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis in GATA6‐low bladder cancer cells, while silencing of GATA6 rendered lymphatic metastasis in GATA6‐high bladder cancer cells. Additionally, we demonstrated that GATA6 bound to the promoter of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)‐C, a lymphangiogenic factor, and acted as a transcriptional repressor. This GATA6/VEGF‐C axis was essential for GATA6‐mediated lymphatic metastasis. In bladder cancer patients, low GATA6 correlated with high VEGF‐C and reduced overall survival. These findings indicate GATA6 as a pivotal regulator in the lymphatic dissemination of bladder cancer and suggest a new therapeutic target for the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lymph node (LN) metastasis is the leading cause of bladder cancer-related mortality. Splicing factors facilitate cancer progression by modulating oncogenic variants, but it is unclear whether and how splicing factors regulate bladder cancer LN metastasis. In this study, Polypyrimidine tract binding protein 1 (PTBP1) expression was found to relate to bladder cancer LN metastasis, and was positively correlated with LN metastasis status, tumor stage, histological grade, and poor patient prognosis. Functional assays demonstrated that PTBP1 promoted bladder cancer cell migration, invasion, and proliferation in vitro, as well as LN metastasis and tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistic investigations revealed that PTBP1 upregulated MEIS2-L variant to promote metastasis and increased expression of PKM2 variant to enhance proliferation by modulating alternative mRNA splicing. Moreover, overexpression of MEIS2-L or PKM2 could rescue the oncogenic abilities of bladder cancer cells and the expression of MMP9 or CCND1 respectively after PTBP1 knockdown. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that PTBP1 induces bladder cancer LN metastasis and proliferation through an alternative splicing mechanism. PTBP1 may serve as a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target for LN-metastatic bladder cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve the lithium storage capacity, electrochemical kinetics and stability of TiO 2 nanostructured electrode, a hybrid electrode of TiO 2 nanotubes coated with nitrogen-doped carbon (TiO 2 @NC) was rationally designed and prepared. With the unique coaxial nanotube structure, the porous TiO 2 nanotubes would offer short paths for Li + diffusion and numerous active sites, while the N-doped carbon matrix would prefer fast charge transportation and buffer the volume change of TiO 2 during lithiation/delithiation processes. In particular, a high reversible specific capacity of 480 mA h g −1 at a current density of 100 mA g −1 was achieved when evaluated as anodes for lithium ion batteries. The high capacity, outstanding cycling stability, and remarkable rate performance may attributed to its unique morphology and the synergetic effect of porous TiO 2 nanotube and conductive N-doped carbon nanoshell on the basis of cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A three-dimensional (3D) nickel oxide (NiO) catalytic electrode was fabricated by annealing Ni(L-asp)bipy MOF membrane and was subsequently applied for electrochemical glucose sensor. This 3D self-supported MOF membrane precursor provided uniform and porous architecture, and it was used for fabricating 3D NiO electrode in the first time. The SEM and XRD data showed that the NiO was evenly distributed on Ni mesh and complete transformation from Ni(L-asp)bipy to NiO. This catalytic electrode, using a chronoamperometric approach, demonstrated linear range up to 400 μM with high sensitivity of 478.9 μA mM cm and low limit of detection of 4.34 μM. Uric acid, urea and ascorbic acid showed negligible interferences to the detection of glucose. The excellent performance of this electrode was attributed to the uniformly distributed NiO on the Ni substrate, direct electron transformation from Ni substrate to electrochemical active NiO and the porosity of such electrode design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hierarchical Ni-Co double transition metal hydroxide nanosheets have been explored as an effective strategy for the design of nonenzymatic glucose sensors. Ni-Co hydroxide nanosheets constructed hollow cubes were successfully synthesized by using Cu2O cubes as templates and subsequently etched by Na2S2O3 to achieve a hollow cubic structure. The molar ratio between Ni and Co was tuned by varying the precursor ratio of NiCl2 and CoCl2. It was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) that the increasing Ni precursor resulted in particle morphology, and the increasing ratio of the Co precursor resulted in more lamellar morphology. The sample with the composition of Ni0.7Co0.3(OH)2 displayed the best performance for glucose sensing with high selectivity (1541 μA mM–1 cm–2), low detection limit (3.42 µM with S/N = 3), and reasonable selectivity. Similar strategies could be applied for the design of other electrode materials with high efficiency for nonenzymatic glucose determination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]