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C34H37NO6, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 6.398(6) Å, b = 10.779(10) Å, c = 12.030(11) Å, α = 71.103(10)°, β = 89.519(11)°, γ = 74.154(11)°, V = 752.2(12) Å3, Z = 1, Rgt(F) = 0.0599, wRref(F2) = 0.1614, T = 296 K.

The southward extension of the Bangong-Nujiang Suture and the late Mesozoic tectonic affinity of the Tengchong Block have been subject to debate, and the Early Cretaceous magmatism in the eastern Tengchong Block provides a crucial window to address these issues. This paper reports comprehensive petrographic, geochemical, geochronological, and isotopic data of Early Cretaceous granitic rocks from the eastern Tengchong Block. Results show that these granitic rocks consist of monzogranites and granodiorites, with zircon U-Pb ages of 120.4–113.9 Ma. These granitic rocks are characterized by enrichments in large ion lithophile elements (e.g. Rb, U, K) and light rare earth elements, but depleted in high field strength elements (e.g. Nb, Ta, P, Ti), and have negative apatite εNd(t) values (−10.4 to −6.7) and negative zircon εHf(t) values (−11.7 to −1.2). The molar [Al2O3/(CaO + K2O + Na2O)] (A/CNK) values and whole-rock zircon saturated temperatures of the studied monzogranites of 1.04–1.09 and 714–799°C, respectively, indicate that they have I-type granite affinity. The presence of biotite indicative of I-type granite and the observation that P2O5 decrease with increasing SiO2 further indicated that the monzogranites have affinities of I-type granites. The petrography, geochemical and isotopic signatures of the studied monzogranites indicate that they originated from partial melting of mafic lower crustal rocks. The Na-rich granodiorites have elevated Na2O/K2O ratios and Na2O contents of 1.19–2.04 and 3.12–3.47 wt.%, respectively. These granodiorites also have relatively high Mg# values and the transition metal element Cr of 53.3–54.5 and up to 100 ppm, respectively. According to these isotopic and geochemical features and the occurrence of magnesiohornblende, we propose that the Na-rich granodiorites were derived from partial melting of ancient basaltic lower crust, with certain inputs of mantle materials in the magma source. Considering these results as well as published data, we finally propose that the Tengchong Block was likely the southeastern extension of the Lhasa Block and that these Early Cretaceous granitic rocks were formed in the setting of the volcanic arc due to westward subduction of the Bangong-Nujiang Tethys oceanic lithosphere beneath the Tengchong Block. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Downy mildew caused by Sclerospora graminicola is a systemic disease that affects the yield and quality of foxtail millet. This obligate biotrophic oomycete manipulates host physiology and immune processes through numerous effectors. A thorough comprehension of effector biology is crucial to unravel disease mechanisms and understand host plant resistance. In this study, bioinformatic analyses revealed 498 potentially secreted proteins in S. graminicola, of which 62 were identified as RXLR effectors; 46 RXLR‐encoding genes exhibited upregulated expression during the early stages of infection. To elucidate the functions of these secreted proteins, a heterogeneous expression system was developed using Nicotiana benthamiana. Twenty‐one RXLR effectors secreted by S. graminicola were transiently expressed in N. benthamiana, of which four could suppress INF1‐triggered cell death. Various defence responses in N. benthamiana were attenuated, including inhibition of defence gene expression, reduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and diminished callose deposition. The expression of SG_RXLR41 also enhanced the growth of Phytophthora capsici on N. benthamiana leaves. These findings indicate that S. graminicola facilitates infection and expansion through the secretion of multiple RXLR effectors, and SG_RXLR41 is an important virulence‐related effector that is involved in manipulating plant immunity by suppressing cell death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A photoelectrochemical (PEC) immunosensor was designed based on MgIn2S4-decorated inorganic halide perovskite CsPbBr3 combined with the signal polarity conversion strategy for neuron-specific enolase (NSE) detection. CsPbBr3 was applied as the basic photoactive material owing to its excellent optical and electronic properties, which provide a good PEC performance for sensor construction. In order to improve the stability of this perovskite, the three-dimensional flower-like MgIn2S4 with a desirable direct band gap was applied to enhance the PEC response. Also, the excellent structure of MgIn2S4 provides large surface-active sites for CsPbBr3 loaded. For enhancing the detection sensitivity of PEC immunosensor, p-type CuInS2 was used as a signal probe which fixed on detection antibody (Ab2). When the target NSE was present, the photogenerated electrons produced by CuInS2 were transferred to the test solution, and the polarity of PEC signal changes. Based on the above photosensitive materials and signal conversion strategy, the proposed PEC immunosensor showed favorable detection performance, and the linear detection range is 0.0001 ~ 100 ng/mL with a 38 fg/mL of detection limit. The proposed strategy improved the adhibition of CsPbBr3 in the analytical chemistry field as well as provided a reference method for other protein detections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]