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Abstract\nNOVELTY STATEMENTRice is the staple food for 1/3 of the world’s population, but soil pollution with cadmium (Cd) is harmful to rice production and human health. Therefore, how to reduce the Cd content in rice grains is a hot topic worldwide. However, so far, little is known about Cd remediation technologies for paddy soils from the perspective of patents. Therefore, a meta-analysis was performed to assess the effects of measures based on 1402 observations from 336 patents from 2011 to 2021. The spatio-temporal analysis showed that the number of patents was positively related to the general economic development of the country, but hardly related to the regional economy or the level of provincal Cd pollution. The meta-analysis showed that the overall effect of Cd reduction was slightly higher for combined technologies (59%) than for single technologies (57%). Among all technology classifications, soil applications, which are mainly based on nutritional elements, were the most commonly used technology that could reduce the Cd content in rice grains by 57%. The plant biotechnology was the most effective and could reduce Cd content in rice grains by 76%. Further analysis showed that macronutrients (calcium, phosphorus, and sulfur) were preferred in soil amendments, while micronutrients (silicon, zinc, and selenium) were preferred in foliar amendments. NRAMP5 and HMA3 were the most important genes for manipulating Cd uptake in rice, while Bacillus and Pseudomonas were the most important bacterial taxa for bioremediation of Cd. Overall, this study compiled data on Cd remediation of paddy soil from 10 years of Chinese patents, providing a theoretical basis for better production of low Cd crops and protection of human health.Patents are an indicator and promoter of theoretical innovation and technological improvement. However, little is known about Cd remediation technologies for paddy soils and rice grains from the perspective of patents. In this study, the first dataset of soil Cd remediation and rice safety production measures from the Chinese patents in the past 10 years was established. Then it evaluated the effect of each measure using meta-analysis and pointed out the future direction of research to find better solutions for Cd remediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing transboundary crises necessitate the development of crisis management capabilities that transcend boundaries. In such situations, inter-governmental and cross-functional collaboration has become a common practice to address the complexities of governance challenges. This study employs Social Network Analysis to examine the structure, function, and evolution of policy collaboration networks in China in response to COVID-19 and SARS. Since the SARS outbreak, China has embraced a collaborative governance approach, considering the transboundary nature of COVID-19. This approach has led to the involvement of numerous specialized organizations engaged in economic and social development, contributing to the establishment of a larger and more loosely connected collaboration network. While the health department bears the primary responsibility for coordinating public health emergency management, diverse organizations with social governance and economic management functions have also emerged as key actors, providing crucial anti-epidemic information, knowledge, and resources to address this significant cross-border crisis.