Search

Under the implementation of new talent cultivation goals, the gaps in art design teaching are gradually revealed, and various teaching shortcomings have become stumbling blocks on the road of professional education development, which need to be improved in time. Combined with information technology, this paper proposes three curriculum integration strategies: enhancing audio-visual sensory effects, applying microteaching, and expanding the sharing channels of the art design resource library. A teaching resource application platform has been constructed for the art and design resource sharing strategy, which combines user-based and project-based collaborative filtering algorithms and is applied to the resource recommendation module. The performance of the system is evaluated through algorithmic comparison, and a satisfaction survey is conducted on the three dimensions of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and intention to use for art and design students who use the system. The average satisfaction values in the three dimensions were 76.99%, 78.35%, and 79.5%, respectively, indicating that the art design students were more satisfied with the teaching resource application platform designed in this paper.

Background: Sleep problems are known as risk factors for depression and anxiety, but research on this subject with commercial pilots is limited. This study aimed to explore the effects of sleep problems on depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese commercial pilots. Methods: Adults who participated in the baseline assessment of the Civil Aviation Health Cohort of China between December 2022 and March 2023 formed the study sample. Depressive and anxiety symptoms and sleep quality were assessed using standardized scales. Sleep duration was measured with standardized questions. Logistic regression and restricted cubic splines (RCSs) were used to analyze the association between sleep problems and depression/anxiety symptoms. Results: A total of 7055 pilots were included in this study. The overall prevalence of depression and anxiety among pilots was 23.3% (n = 1642; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 22.3%–24.3%) and 17.0% (n = 1196; 95% CI = 16.1–17.8%), respectively. Logistic regression analyses revealed that short sleep duration (<7 h) was significantly associated with a higher risk of depression (odds ratio [OR] = 2.491; p < 0.001) and anxiety (OR = 2.555; p < 0.001), while poor sleep quality was also associated with a higher risk of depression (OR = 7.297; p < 0.001) and anxiety (OR = 7.469; p < 0.001). After adjusting for confounders, there was an inverse, J‐shaped nonlinear relationship between sleep duration and both depression (inflection point: 7.64 h) and anxiety (inflection point: 7.48 h). Similarly, a J‐shaped nonlinear relationship was found between sleep quality and depression/anxiety with an inflection point of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) = 4 points for both. The major limitation of the study was that causal relationships between variables could not be inferred due to the cross‐sectional study design. Conclusion: This study found that depression and anxiety were common among Chinese commercial pilots. Insufficient length and poor quality of sleep were associated with an increased risk of depression and anxiety. Implementing targeted strategies to improve sleep patterns is crucial for reducing the risk of depression and anxiety in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Depressive symptoms commonly co‐occur with cognitive decline in older adults. However, prospective interrelationships between different cognitive function domains and depressive symptoms are not well understood. This study evaluated prospective interrelationships between depressive symptoms and cognitive functioning components among individuals aged 50 years or older from a perspective of network analysis. Method: Longitudinal data from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging were analyzed. Depressive symptoms were measured with the eight‐item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short–Depression Scale. Cognitive functions assessed included memory, orientation, and executive function. Contemporaneous network analyses were conducted using mixed graphical model, while a temporal network model was assessed using cross‐lagged panel network model. To identify important predictors and outcomes, centrality indices, including expected influence, out‐expected influence, and in‐expected influence, were calculated. Results: A total of 6,433 older adults were included in the network analysis. Baseline "Not enjoy life" (CESD‐6) was negatively associated with executive function at the follow‐up assessment. Moreover, improvements in "Everything was an effort" (CESD‐2) and "Loneliness" (CESD‐5) were related to less future decline of executive function and memory ability. Furthermore, analyses suggested targeting "Lack of happiness" (CESD‐4) could be useful in reducing the co‐occurrence of depression and cognitive decline among older adults. Conclusions: This network analysis study highlighted dynamic interrelationships between depressive symptoms and cognitive decline in older adults. Findings suggest that interventions targeting specific depressive symptoms may have the potential to alleviate declines in executive function and memory for this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Accumulating evidence indicates that oxidative stress and the disruption of antioxidant defenses play an important role in the neurobiology of bipolar disorder (BD). Studies have found that increased oxidative stress may be associated with cell apoptosis and neuronal damage in BD patients. Hence, this study explored the research field related to BD and oxidative stress from a bibliometrics perspective. Methods: Literature search and relevant data retrieval based on the Web of Sciences Core Collection (WoSCC). R software (version 4.2.2), VOSviewer software (version 1.6.18), and CiteSpace (version 6.1.6) were used in this bibliometric analysis. Results: A total of 2081 publications related to BD and oxidative stress were published between 1986 and 2024. Bipolar Disorders was the journal that had the most publications in this area (72; 3.46%; IF = 5.9), while the United States (1285; 61.7%) and the University of Toronto (377; 18.1%) were the most productive country and institution, respectively. Apart from "oxidative stress" and "bipolar disorder," the most frequently used keywords were "schizophrenia," "prefrontal cortex," and "nitric oxide." Conclusions: The growing number of publications related to BD and oxidative stress in recent years highlights the importance of this research field. Hot topics in research related to BD and oxidative stress included animal experiments and molecular mechanisms, psychiatric‐related inflammation and biomarkers, neurodegenerative diseases, and metabolism. Furthermore, the biological mechanisms of BD, particularly biomarkers and inflammation, may be the emerging research priority area in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

背景:Background This randomized, open‐label study examined the therapeutic effects of computerized cognitive training (CCT) combined with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) on cognitive impairment among patients with late‐life depression (LLD). 方法: Method Study data were collected from May 5, 2021, to April 21, 2023. Outpatients who met diagnostic criteria for major depressive disorder according to the fifth revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM‐5) criteria (HAMD‐17) ≥ 18 and a total score on the MOCA) <26 were randomly assigned to receive up to 12 weeks of CCT and SSRIs treatment (n = 57) or SSRIs and Control treatment (n = 61). The primary outcome was the change in Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale‐Cognitive Subscale (ADAS‐Cog) scores from baseline to week 12 between the two groups. Mixed model repeated measures (MMRM) analysis was performed on modified intention‐to‐treat (mITT) and completer populations. 结果: Result The full analysis set (FAS) included 118 patients (CCT and SSRIs group, n = 57; SSRIs and Control group, n = 61). Over the 12‐week study period, the reduction in the ADAS‐cog total score was significant (P < 0.001) in both groups, while MMRM analysis revealed a significantly greater reduction in cognitive function (ADAS‐cog total scores) from baseline to posttreatment in the CCT and SSRIs group than in the SSRI and Control group [(F (1,115) = 13.65, least‐squares mean difference [95% CI]: −2.77 [−3.73, −1.81], p<0.001)]. There were significantly greater improvements in depression symptoms (measured by the HAMD‐17) in the CCT and SSRIs group than in the control group [MMRM, estimated mean difference (SE) between groups −3.59 [−5.02, −2.15], p < 0.001]. The least‐squares mean changes in the HAMA scores and NPI scores between baseline and week 8 were greater in the CCT and SSRIs group than in the control group (all P < 0.05). The most frequent adverse events (AEs) in both groups were dry mouth, somnolence, and constipation. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups. 结论:Conclusion CCT combined with SSRIs was efficacious and well tolerated in LLD patients with cognitive impairment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Few studies have examined the associations between pain trajectories and cognitive function in older adults. This study explored the associations between pain trajectories and different cognitive domains in older adults from a network perspective. Methods Data on pain trajectories were derived from the Health and Retirement Study between 2010 and 2020 using latent class growth analyses. Measurements of key cognition domains, including memory, attention, calculation, orientation and language, were included. Linear regression and network analysis were performed to evaluate the associations between different pain trajectories and cognition. Results A total of 9,551 older adults were included in this study and three trajectories of pain were identified. After controlling for the covariates, persistent severe pain trajectory was associated with poorer overall cognition, memory and calculation ability when compared to mild or non-persistent pain trajectory. In the pain and cognition network model, memory (expected influence (EI) = 0.62), language (EI = 0.58) and calculation (EI = 0.41) were the most central domains. Conclusions Pain trajectories appeared stable over time among older adults in this study. Severity of persistent pain was an important risk factor for poor cognition, especially in relation to memory and calculation domains. Interventions targeting memory, language and calculation domains might be useful in addressing cognitive decline in older adults with persistent pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]