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Jing-Jin Weng,* Jia-Zhang Wei,* Min Li, Shao-Jie Zhang, Yun-Zhong Wei, Han-Wei Wang, Dan-Xue Qin, Jin-Long Lu, He Jiang, Shen-Hong Qu Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning 530021, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this work.Correspondence: Shen-Hong QuDepartment of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck, The People’s Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, No. 6 Taoyuan Road, Nanning 530021, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-771-2186580Fax +86-771-2186317Email qshdoctor@163.comObjective: The efficacy of surgery as the primary treatment modality for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is yet to be clarified. Therefore, we aimed to explore the short- and long-term efficacy of surgery for early-stage NPC.Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 341 patients diagnosed with early-stage NPC between September 2010 and December 2015. Among them, 58 patients underwent endoscopic nasopharyngectomy combined with chemoradiotherapy, whereas 283 patients underwent conventional chemoradiotherapy. The patients who underwent concurrent chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy alone were matched to patients who underwent surgery in a 1:2 ratio using propensity score matching to analyze the clinical efficacy of each therapeutic modality. The primary endpoint was survival, and the secondary endpoints were tumor regression rate and reduction in Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-DNA levels.Results: After matching, 156 patients were enrolled (58 patients in the surgery group; 98 patients in the non-surgery group). The baseline data of the matched patients had good inter-group comparability (All P> 0.05). The surgery group had significantly higher 5-year overall survival (98.30% vs. 91.70%), disease-free survival (98.30% vs. 81.40%), and recurrence-free survival (100.00% vs. 90.10%) rates than did the non-surgery group (All P< 0.05). In total, 0 and 14 patients in the surgery and non-surgery groups, respectively, had residual cancer at the end of treatment (P=0.001). All patients in the surgery group tested negative for EBV-DNA, whereas two patients in the non-surgery group tested positive. The incidence of hematologic toxicity during treatment was similar between the two groups (All P> 0.05). Still, the incidence of severe oral mucositis was lower in the surgery group than in the non-surgery group (37.9% vs. 54.08%, P=0.051).Conclusion: Surgery can improve the clearance rate of EB virus and reduce tumor residue. Surgery may be a safe and effective treatment for early NPC.Keywords: nasopharyngeal carcinoma, endoscopic surgery, radiotherapy, prognosis

The research on the map construction of pipeline environment is of great significance for the location of pipeline network, pipeline network planning and pipeline maintenance. It is an important development direction of underground pipeline detection technology to use robot to carry detection equipment into the pipeline to complete fault detection. In this paper, we propose a method of multi-robot collaborative mapping based on decentralized exploration and centralized mapping. The robot describes the pipeline information in the manner designed in this paper. The upper master gets the pipeline map information through single robot and then describes it by using geometry topology method. The simulation results shows that the final pipeline map are consistent with the actual pipeline map.

With the popularity of expressway, it has become the main choice for people to travel. However, traffic accidents caused by collapse of highway slopes are common. This paper uses ZigBee, GPRS technology to design a real-time online transmission system for slope runoff and sediment content. The system can monitor important information such as runoff and sediment content of highway slopes, and monitor and store runoff and sediment content in real time according to the collection requirements of the monitoring personnel of the monitoring center without manual guarding. The real-time data is transmitted to the monitoring center through the network, so that the monitoring personnel of the monitoring center can query the slope runoff and sediment content in time.

Considering that the temperature sensors of satellite power systems are sensitive to the noise, a fault detection method based on the theory of wavelet entropy and the wavelet multi-scale products is purposed to reduce the influence of the noise. Wavelet entropy is applied to amplify the signal-noise ratio by finding the optimal de-noising threshold. Besides, by using of the multi-scale products, the proportion coefficients are further magnified. Then the fault time could be determined by the modulus maximum. Finally, simulation for a class of satellite power systems is conducted, verifying the effectiveness of the proposed method.

In this essay, time series data and cross-section data are combined. Urban ResidentsÂ’ marginal propensity to consume in Jilin Province is calculated by adopting Extended Linear Expenditure System (ELES).According to the calculated result, the changes of urban residentsÂ’ household consumption structure are analyzed

The Chinese economy has been steadily growing since 1978. During most of the period energy intensity fell. Between 2002 and 2005 however energy intensity increased. In this paper we seek an answer for the overall decrease in energy intensity and temporary increase between 2002 and 2005. Index decomposition analysis is used to decompose energy intensity changes between 2000 and 2009 into three factors: sectoral changes, subsectoral changes and technological changes as a residual variable. The results of our decomposition show that technological changes contribute most to the decline in energy intensity followed by Subsectoral changes. The most valuable finding of our analysis is the causes of the fluctuation in energy intensity during the period 2002-2005. Our results show a negative contribution of technological change during 2002-2005. Because we don't think that during this period completely different technologies are used, we look for alternative explanation. According to us, the negative contribution is caused by two factors: overcapacity and product changes within subsectors. We found some evidence of this, hinting at the need for a decomposition of the technological change variable.