Search

Many hemiparasites attach to a range of different host species, resulting in complex parasite–host interactions. Comprehensive molecular phylogenies allow the investigation of evolutionary relationships between these host plants. We surveyed the hosts of the laurel dodder (Cassytha filiformis, Lauraceae) in China, representing 184 species from 146 genera, 67 families, and spanning flowering plants, conifers, and ferns, using host phylogenetic relationships to investigate the susceptibility to attack by this hemiparasitic plant among the vascular plants. The process of produced well-formed haustoria by C. filiformis was also observed in detail for six different hosts. Our results show that C. filiformis grows mainly on trees and shrubs from phylogenetically divergent members of the rosid and asterid eudicot clades, often attacking multiple adjacent hosts simultaneously, and forming extensive colonies. However, whether and to what extent transitions between C. filiformis and host plants occur remain unclear. Physiological evidence for the complex parasite–host species interactions need to be studied in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traditional ATPG generating test pattern data by single faults model leads to huge test pattern quantities. Aiming for this problem, this paper proposed a dynamic compaction of multiple target test patterns based on SAT and demonstrated how the multiple target test generation problems could be formulated as a SAT problem. This method integrated robust SAT algorithm into the classical dynamic compaction flow. Classical dynamic compaction flow pruned a large number of faults which were easy to detect with only a few test patterns, and then the SAT solver to get the one synchronous solution in multiple target faulty and additional constraint. Finally, it obtained the high faulty coverage test pattern data and the maximum faulty list for one synchronous test. Experimental results on same large industrial circuits show that generated data of multiple target test generation compared with them of classical dynamic compression is able to reduce data count as much as 70%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]