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With the application of physiological and multi-omics technologies, they will be able to accurately analyse the mechanisms of salt tolerance and fermentation promotion of fermentation microorganisms under salt stress, which will lay the foundation for the effective regulation of salt brine fermentation and enhancement of the flavour of traditional fermented foods. The article reviews the common salt-tolerant microorganisms in fermented foods, the main salt-tolerant mechanisms, the fermentation-promoting properties in high-salt environments, and the methods to study the salt-tolerant and fermentation-promoting mechanisms, as well as the future direction of their development.

Teacher shortage is a major hindrance to China's rural education growth in underdeveloped areas, as well as one of the main causes of educational injustice. We conducted a survey of 5,554 teachers from 117 towns in H province in the Wuling Mountains Zone to investigate the issue of rural school teacher supply. From geographical, emotional, and institutional perspectives, we used a polynomial logit model to examine the validity of the "hometown effects" hypothesis. The findings showed that hometown effects exist in China in all three dimensions. The institutional hometown effects are the most pronounced; when compared to open recruitment, teachers sourced through teacher supply augmentation programs (such as the Secondary Normal Graduates Program, Special Position Program, and Targeted Position Program) are more likely to teach in rural schools, particularly more disadvantaged village primary schools or teaching sites. China's policy of increasing teacher supply has had a considerable positive influence on rural school staffing. Students from rural areas make better teacher candidates; feelings for hometowns should be encouraged among normal school or university students in pre-service education; and the implementation of teacher support policies should be emphasized to retain rural teachers and improve their teaching quality.

Existing literature on international health partnerships is largely normative, with an evaluative interest in their impacts in terms of learning and knowledge transfer. Rarely has research attended to how learning and knowledge transfer transpire in practice. This paper addresses this gap with a case study of a partnership between two hospitals in Canada and China. Conceptually, drawing on Actor Network Theory, it posits learning and knowledge transfer as a process of translation. Empirically, it traces the assembling of the programme, and identifies the pedagogical features at nodes of associations. It reveals that health professionals in both countries have expanded their clinical and medical knowledge and practices, and professional senses and sensitivities, which were subsequently amplified, deferred or diminished within their respective practices. It argues that the capacity of individuals to translate learning into practice is contingent on institutional and cultural differences that constitute the ecology of work for health professionals.

Background The concept of "patients-centered" has presented higher requirements doctor-patient communication and reconstructing doctor-patient relationship in public primary health care institutions. Objective To analyze the impact of "patients-centered" doctor-patient communication on the quality of primary care services, and provide scientific evidence to promote reforms in public primary health care institutions. Methods All public community health centers providing primary care services in the main urban area of a city in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were selected as the study sites to conduct a field survey in 2021 using the standardized patient method, which included 118 items of doctor-patient communication data involving 26 medical institutions, 59 doctors, and 12 standardized patients. Common cold, asthma, and unstable angina were selected as the types of diseases to be portrayed by the standardized patients in this study. A combination of multiple regression model and Probit model was used to evaluate the impact of "patients-centered" doctor-patient communication on the quality of primary care services. Results Results obtained from the 118 items of doctor-patient communication data revealed that the median adherence rate for recommended consultation items was 17.6% (14.6%), and the median adherence rate for recommended examination items was 25.0% (40.0%), among them, 75 cases (63.6%) were correctly diagnosed, and 59 cases (50.0%) were correctly treated. The median total cost was 84.84 yuan (130.44 yuan), and the median drug cost was 37.62 yuan (47.38 yuan), among them, 66 (55.9%) involved unnecessary drugs, and 71 (60.2%) included unnecessary examinations. The median visit duration was 13.625 (10.850) min. The average score for "patients-centered" doctor-patient communication was (26.712±10.658), with the first dimension scoring (12.915±5.355) points, the second dimension scoring (7.492±2.867) points, and the third dimension scoring (6.305±3.465) points. The results of multiple linear regression model and Probit model indicated that for every one-point increase in the total score of patient-centered doctor-patient communication, the adherence rates for both recommended consultation items and recommended examinations items increased by 0.001 percentage points, the correct diagnosis rate increased by an average of 4.6 percentage points, the correct treatment rate increased by 4.2 percentage points, the total cost increased by 1.993 yuan, the drug cost increased by 0.517 yuan, the proportion of unnecessary drugs decreased by 3.4 percentage points, the proportion of unnecessary examinations increased by 0.2 percentage points, and the visit duration decreased by 0.291 minutes. Conclusion "Patients-centered" doctor-patient communication enhances the effectiveness and safety of medical services, while it also increases medical costs. It is necessary to promote "patients-centered" doctor-patient communication from the aspects of resource endowment, salary incentives, doctor-patient relationships, and collaborative services, thereby improving the quality of primary care services.

Complex natural tasks likely recruit many different functional brain networks, but it is difficult to predict how such tasks will be represented across cortical areas and networks. Previous electrophysiology studies suggest that task variables are represented in a low-dimensional subspace within the activity space of neural populations. Here we develop a voxel-based state space modeling method for recovering task-related state spaces from human fMRI data. We apply this method to data acquired in a controlled visual attention task and a video game task. We find that each task induces distinct brain states that can be embedded in a low-dimensional state space that reflects task parameters, and that attention increases state separation in the task-related subspace. Our results demonstrate that the state space framework offers a powerful approach for modeling human brain activity elicited by complex natural tasks.

[Purpose/Significance] Consumption is an important aspect of stimulating domestic demand. In the current development stage, the spatial and geographical distribution characteristics of our country indicate that domestic demand has great potential. However, the evaluation of consumption potential in the digital economy is a complex systematic project. Current research does not fully consider the correlation between evaluation indicators, and there are some problems such as low efficiency and too much reliance on the subjective experience of experts, which affect the scientific and reasonable evaluation results of consumption potential. [Method/Process] First of all, starting from each major work link that affects the consumption potential under the background of the digital economy, the preliminary evaluation index was determined through expert consultation and literature research and screening, and the primary evaluation index set of consumption potential under the background of the digital economy wasconstructed. Based on the consumption potential assessment data of Guangxi Zhongyan Industry Co., Ltd. from January to December 2021, the correlation and association rules among the assessment indicators were analyzed by using Apriori association rule mining algorithm, to streamline the assessment indicators and build an assessment index system of consumption potential in the context of the digital economy. The index system includes 11 secondary indicators and 19 tertiary indicators, such as user value, marketing communication effect, marketing ability, user participation, user influence, and channel effectiveness. Combining the influence relationship and influence degree between the quantitative evaluation indexes of DEMATEL and ANP, the weights of the evaluation indexes were calculated by the subjective and objective combination weighting method, to construct a multi-modal evaluation model of consumption potential in the digital economy. [Results/Conclusions] Taking six real dragon cigarette product marketing activities of Guangxi China Tobacco Industry Co., Ltd. from March to September 2021 as examples, the comprehensive scores of marketing activities in March, April, May, and June are 0.53, 0.52, 0.51 and 0.48, respectively, and the overall assessment result of consumption potential is "medium" level, among which the effect of marketing activities in August and September is better than that in March and June, and the comprehensive scores are 0.57 and 0.63, which are "medium to upper" level. On the whole, the impact of market influence ability, user value and marketing communication effect on the release of consumption potential decreases in turn. The analysis results are in good agreement with the actual situation, which verifies the feasibility and applicability of the multi-modal assessment model of consumption potential. In addition, due to the limited space, this paper only takes the tobacco industry as an example. In our future work, the specific index system can be adjusted according to the actual application needs.