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Tuberculosis, induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), continues to pose a significant global public health challenge. Ferroptosis has emerged as a pivotal factor in tuberculosis pathogenesis, however, the mechanism has not yet been fully clarified. Therefore, the aim of this study was to hypothesize and validate potential ferroptosis-related genes in Mtb infection through bioinformatics analysis, thereby offering insights for further investigation. The mRNA microarray expression profile datasets were sourced from the Gene Expression Omnibus. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were derived using GEO2R. Subsequently, the shared DEGs between the GSE174566 and GSE227851 datasets were intersected with the genes in the ferroptosis database. The ferroptosis-associated shared DEGs (Ferr-sDEGs) were validated in the GSE20050 dataset. They were subjected to PPI, Cytoscape and Friends analysis, the infiltration correlation of immune cells and qRT-PCR. A total of 11 Ferr-sDEGs were identified, and 9 genes were validated. These analyses revealed that the key Ferr-sDEGs contributed to ferroptosis during Mtb infection and these key Ferr-sDEGs were relatively independent, implying that ferroptosis may be triggered by various mechanisms. Concurrently, the infiltration and correlation analysis demonstrated that multiple types of immune cells could be activated by the key Ferr-sDEGs. Ultimately, qRT-PCR validated that the expression levels of key Ferr-sDEGs. In conclusion, ferroptosis serves a pivotal function in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis. IL1B, PTGS2, TNFAIP3, HMOX1, SOCS1, CD82, and NUPR1 may be vital genes associated with the ferroptosis induced by Mtb infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) is one of the most common complications of diabetes which primarily affects the sensory nervous system. Pain is the most common complaint that prompts patients to seek medical advice. With various presentations and intricate pathological mechanisms, diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain is currently the most crucial and challenging aspect of managing diabetic complications. As a heterogeneous disorder, there is no medication or treatment modality that is effective for all types of DPN and its associated neuropathic pain. Peripheral nerve decompression provides a new option for treating patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain in the lower extremities. However, the clinical applicability of nerve decompression has been debated since it was first proposed. This review discusses the theoretical basis of nerve decompression, the clinical indications, and the progress of basic research based on the pathological mechanisms and nerve impairment patterns of diabetic peripheral neuropathic pain. The heterogeneity of DPN patients is summarized in terms of three aspects: complex pathophysiological mechanisms, multilevel nervous system involvement, and various nerve impairment properties. Identifying the presence of nerve entrapment among complex pathophysiological mechanisms is the key to successful outcomes. Tinel signs, focal pain, mechanical allodynia, and two-point discrimination were reported to be prognostic factors for good surgical outcomes, and their predictive ability might stem from their association with the early stage of entrapment neuropathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ischemic stroke is a complex, high-mortality disease with multifactorial etiology and pathogenesis. Currently, drug therapy is mainly used treat ischemic stroke in clinic, but there are still some limitations, such as limited blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration efficiency, a narrow treatment time window and drug side effects. Recent studies have pointed out that drug delivery systems based on polymeric nanocarriers can effectively improve the insufficient treatment for ischemic stroke. They can provide neuronal protection by extending the plasma half-life of drugs, enhancing the drug's permeability to penetrate the BBB, and targeting specific structures and cells. In this review, we classified polymeric nanocarriers used for delivering ischemic stroke drugs and introduced their preparation methods. We also evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness and discussed the existing limitations and prospects of polymeric nanocarriers for ischemic stroke treatment. We hoped that this review could provide a theoretical basis for the future development of nanomedicine delivery systems for the treatment of ischemic stroke. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The editorial in Frontiers in Neurology discusses recent advances in nerve regeneration research, focusing on diagnostic innovations, therapeutic interventions, and cellular and molecular mechanisms. Key findings include the utility of B-mode ultrasound imaging for diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome, advancements in autologous peripheral nerve transplantation, and insights into Schwann cells' role in regeneration. The research also addresses emerging concerns like nitrous oxide-induced neuropathy and nerve injuries post-cosmetic surgery. Overall, the studies highlight progress in peripheral nerve research and emphasize the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration for improving patient outcomes. [Extracted from the article]