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The purpose of this study was to assess the potential effectiveness of several mainstream therapies, including phototherapy, antidepressants, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and negative ion generators, in the treatment of Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD). A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and WOS databases was conducted from January 1975 to December 3, 2022. Randomized controlled trials meeting predefined selection criteria for the treatment of SAD using mainstream therapeutic approaches were identified. After reviewing abstracts, data were synthesized and categorized based on the type of intervention and the targeted disorder. A total of 21 randomized controlled trials, involving 1037 participants, were included. The standardized mean difference of depression scores and corresponding 95 % confidence intervals were calculated to assess the efficacy of phototherapy for Seasonal Affective Disorder. The meta-analysis revealed that phototherapy was significantly more effective than other intervention groups or control therapies, with an effect size of 4.64(2.38,7.03). Subgroup analysis demonstrated that no factors could explain the significant heterogeneity observed. Phototherapy exhibited statistically significant mild to moderate therapeutic effects in alleviating depressive symptoms and can be considered as a clinical therapy for treating Seasonal Affective Disorder. However, the quality of evidence remains low, and further well-designed, larger sample size, and high-quality studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of phototherapy in treating Seasonal Affective Disorder. In conclusion, our systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that bright light therapy is a promising first-line non-pharmacological treatment for Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), showing significant improvement in mood symptoms compared to placebo. The findings support the use of bright light therapy as an effective and well-tolerated intervention for SAD. However, further large-scale, multicenter randomized controlled trials with long-term follow-up are needed to assess the long-term efficacy and safety of different treatment approaches for SAD. • Light therapy showed mild to moderate effects in alleviating depressive symptoms and can be considered a clinical therapy for SAD. • Bright light therapy had superior effects compared to other interventions and placebo controls based on depression rating scale scores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alloeuzercon seemani Sun, Jin & Yi gen. & sp. nov. (Acari: Mesostigmata: Celaenopsoidea: Euzerconidae) associated with passalid beetles (Coleoptera: Passalidae) is described, representing the first record of the family Euzerconidae from China. The new genus bears a close resemblance to the genera Euzerconoides and Paraeuzercon, prompting us to update the key to genera. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The temperature-sensitive inverse macroporous membranes containing thermo-responsive poly (N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) were prepared by a template of silica microspheres. The inverse membranes were characterized by SEM, FTIR and contact angle measurements. The PNIPAM containing inverse macroporous membranes had different pore diameters at different temperatures and could be used for separation. The conductivity was measured to characterize the temperature-responsive behavior and permeability of this inverse macroporous membranes. Due to variable pore sizes, the membranes exhibited specific temperature-responsive permeability. This strategy presented here is a simple, low-cost, and controllable alternative for fluidic applications, such as the separation of particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diplogyniopsis fluctuosumsp. nov. associated with passalid beetles is described based on females from China on undermined passalid beetles, as well as on females and males from Thailand on Aceraius helferi (Coleoptera: Passalidae). The species represents the second known species of Diplogyniopsis Trägårdh, prompting us to redefine the genus diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fullerene (C60) was successfully grafted on cellulose following with the modification of cellulose by acid chlorination and subsequently azidation. The structures of modified cellulose made by sulfonation, acylating chlorination, Azidation, ionization and fullerenated were determined by infrared spectroscopy. The results show that the raw cellulose can obtain good dissolution property when the methyl imidazole-chloropropylene ionic liquid is used as the solvent system. The choice of intermediates has an important effect on the modification. The better grafting efficiency can be obtained with acyl chlorinated cellulose, and the reactivity and reactivity control of the azided chlorinated cellulose fibers are more easily to obtain. The azided chlorinated cellulose can be grafted by fullerene successfully. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In this paper, PVDF hollow fiber membrane with high adsorption performance was prepared by coating polyvinyl alcohol on the surface of commercial PVDF hollow fiber ultrafiltration membrane and initiating partial hydroxyl acetalization. The modification effect was studied by scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, contact angle test and organic dye adsorption capacity test. The results show that the polyvinyl alcohol is effectively fixed on the surface of PVDF hollow fiber membrane with polyvinyl alcohol used as coating agent to initiate partial acetalization reaction in the presence of glutaraldehyde and acid catalyst. The pure water contact angle of PVDF hollow fiber membrane decreases from 76.20° to 57.56°, which greatly improves the of PVDF hollow fiber membrane. The incorporation of the coating and cross-linked structure results in a decrease in the micro-porous permeability of the modified PVDF hollow fiber membrane. The adsorption performance of PVDF hollow fiber membrane modified by hydrophilic coating and cross-linked for organic dye Rhodamine B is significantly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

• This is one of the first studies examined differential pattern and risk factors of NSSI behavior of youth at different developmental stages during the COVID-19 pandemic in China. • The late-adolescent group (age ≥15 - <18) had the highest rate reporting NSSI behavior, while the young-adult group had the lowest rate during the COVID-19 pandemic. • Early-adolescents (age ≥12 - <15) with a poorer help-seeking pattern, lower paternal education level and being female had significantly higher rate of NSSI behavior. • Young adults (age ≥18 - ≤25) with increased smoking, higher maternal education level and lower education level had increased NSSI behaviors. • It is crucial to develop the targeted and personalized intervention strategies on reducing NSSI behavior for youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the adsorption of copper ions on the prepared multilayer diazo resin-graphene oxide/polyacrylonitrile composite membranes was studied, and the adsorption capacity of GO modified polyacrylonitrile membranes to copper ions under different conditions was explored. The concentration of copper ion solution before and after adsorption was measured by inductively coupled plasma (ICP). The results showed that the adsorption capacity of GO modified polyacrylonitrile membrane to copper ion increased first and then reached adsorption equilibrium with the increase of adsorption time of copper ion. With the increase of initial concentration of copper ion and external temperature, the adsorption capacity of GO modified polyacrylonitrile membrane to copper ion followed. With the increase of solution's PH, the adsorption capacity of GO modified polyacrylonitrile membranes for copper ions first increased and then decreased. After several desorption/adsorption of the modified membranes which have reached the adsorption equilibrium, the membranes still have good adsorption capacity for copper ions, indicating that the membranes have excellent reuse performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a multilayer diazo resin-graphene oxide/polyacrylonitrile composite membrane was prepared by layer-by-layer self-assembly and UV-induced modification of commercial polyacrylonitrile (PAN) hollow fiber membranes grafted with diazo resin (DR) and graphene oxide (GO). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy, contact angle, thermogravimetric analysis (TG), water flux and adsorption properties of heavy metals were studied. The results showed that diazo resin (DR) and graphene oxide (GO) were successfully grafted onto PAN membranes by layer-by-layer self-assembly. Carbonyl and carboxyl groups appeared on the surface of the modified PAN membranes; layer-by-layer self-assembly modification did not destroy the original morphology of PAN membranes, resulting in smaller pore size and higher surface roughness; hydrophilicity of the modified PAN-(DR-GO)3 membranes. The contact angle of pure water decreases from 87.8 degrees to 55.5 degrees, and the water flux increases from 733.30 g.m−1.h−1 to 1250.48 g.m−1.h−1. The thermo gravimetric curves of PAN films before and after modification did not change significantly, and the PAN films before and after modification had good thermal stability. The modified PAN membrane can achieve adsorption equilibrium in a relatively short time, and has good adsorption performance for heavy copper ions, with the adsorption rate as high as 92%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PAN hollow fiber functional membrane with heavy metal ion adsorption capacity was prepared via layer-by-layer method using diazo-resin (DR). Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and graphene oxide (GO) with chelating function were used as modifier. Modification effect was studied by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR), contact angle test, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the copper ion adsorption capacity measurement. The result showed that EDTA and GO were successfully grafted on the surface of modified membrane and the hydrophilicity of the modified membrane increased. Roughness of membrane surface increased when the functional groups introduced on the surface. Adsorption for Cu2+ of modified membrane significantly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells represent a heterogeneous cell population, including a large majority of CD3+CD56+ cells, a relatively minor fractions of typical T cells (CD3+CD56−), and natural killer (NK) cells (CD3−CD56+). In order to elucidate the tumor killing mechanism of these three subpopulations of CIK cells, this review summarized the concordances and differences among CD3+CD56+ CIK cells, CD3−CD56+ NK cells and CD3+CD56− T cells to the following aspects: the effects of cell surface molecules, mechanisms of tumor killing, and clinical applications of these cells in immunotherapy. NK cells can be classified into CD56brightCD16− NK cells, which produce cytokines in response to monokine co-stimulation, and the CD56dimCD16+ NK cells, which contribute to lysing susceptible target. Also, the immunity of NK cells is mainly regulated by several immune-receptors, such as ACR, ICR, NCR and KIRs. T cells require TCR and co-stimulatory molecules for initiation of T cell activation. The CD3+CD56+ CIK cells co-express with T-cell marker CD3 and NK cell marker CD56 to appear the most potent cytotoxicity and high impact on adoptive cellular immunotherapy. These CIK subpopulations share some similar tumor killing mechanisms. LFA-1 not only mediates the binding of NK cells to target cells through its ligand ICAM-1 to localize actin accumulation but also acts as a co-stimulatory receptor on NK cells. LFA-1 also functions as co-stimulatory receptor for T cells to transmit intracellular signals from the TCR to LFA-1. Furthermore, cytotoxic effect of CD3+CD56+ CIK cells is blocked by antibodies directly against LFA-1 and its counter receptor, ICAM-1. Clinically, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) is shown in both NK cells and T cells for tumor killing while dendritic cells are another main regulator for the activation of three subpopulations. In summary, CD3+CD56+ CIK cells have dual-functional capability as T-cell subsets which acquire NK cells function and reserve TCR-mediated specific cytotoxicity. Meanwhile, CIK cells play important roles in tumor immunology. It paves the way to more effective immunotherapies for various tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The purpose of this study was to establish an animal model of chronic pulmonary hypertension with a single-dose intraperitoneal injection of monocrotaline (MCT) in young Tibet minipigs, so as to enable both invasive and noninvasive measurements and hence facilitate future studies. Methods: Twenty-four minipigs (8-week-old) were randomized to receive single-dose injection of 12.0 mg/kg MCT (MCT group, n = 12) or placebo (control group, n = 12 each). On day 42, all animals were evaluated for pulmonary hypertension with conventional transthoracic echocardiography, right heart catheterization (RHC), and pathological changes. Findings of these studies were compared between the two groups. Results: At echocardiography, the MCT group showed significantly higher pulmonary arterial mean pressure (PAMP) compared with the controls (P<0.001). The pulmonary valve curve showed v-shaped signals with reduction of a-waves in minipigs treated with MCT. In addition, the MCT group had longer pulmonary artery pre-ejection phases, and shorter acceleration time and ejection time. RHC revealed higher mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) in the MCT group than in the control group (P<0.01). A significant and positive correlation between the mPAP values and the PAMP values (R = 0.974, P<0.0001), and a negative correlation between the mPAP and ejection time (R = 0.680, P<0.0001) was noted. Pathology demonstrated evidence of pulmonary vascular remodeling and higer index of right ventricular hypertrophy in MCT-treated minipigs. Conclusion: A chronic pulmonary hypertension model can be successfully established in young minipigs at six weeks after MCT injection. These minipig models exhibited features of pulmonary arterial hypertension that can be evaluated by both invasive (RHC) and noninvasive (echocardiography) measurements, and may be used as an easy and stable tool for future studies on pulmonary hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]